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  • Articles  (566)
  • Humans  (270)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (186)
  • Rats  (130)
  • 42.75
  • Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984  (566)
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  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984  (566)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning electron microscopy of castrate rat bone (1982)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 547-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Rats ; Osteoporosis ; Anorganic ; Femur ; Castrate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The study describes the SEM appearances of endosteal and periosteal surfaces of anorganic femoral diaphyses from 16-month-old normal and castrate male rats. Different types of surfaces could be recognized in both groups. Percentage areas occupied by each surface type were analyzed with a Ladd Data Analyzing Digitizer. Endosteal surfaces were composed of significantly more (P〈0.05) incompletely mineralized, forming surface and significantly less (P〈0.05) completely mineralized, resting surface in castrates than in controls. Both endosteal and periosteal surfaces from experimental bone demonstrated significantly more (P〈0.05) osteoblast lucunae than did control surfaces, and vascular canal entrances were significantly wider (P〈0.001) on castrate endosteal surfaces than on control endosteal surfaces. There was a greater proportion of small nodule forming surface/large nodule forming surface in castrate endosteal bone than in control, and a greater proportion prolonged resting surface/fibrous resting surface in control periosteal bone than in castrate. The results indicate that, when viewed in the SEM, anorganic endosteal and periosteal bone surfaces from femoral diaphyses of old castrate male rats demonstrate appearances characteristic of changes in bone turnover that occur with osteoporosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02411302
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the development of osteopenia in oophorectomized rats (1982)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 510-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Rats ; Osteopenia of oophorectomy ; 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ; Parathyroid hormone ; Osteoporosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The effect of ovarian insufficiency on calcium metabolism has been thought to involve an increased bone resorptive effect of parathyroid hormone and possible impaired synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. In the present study a rat model allowing for controlled serum levels of parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was used. Oophorectomy in this species is associated with increased serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and decreased bone mass. Although thyroparathyroidectomy increased bone mass, an increased sensitivity of bone to parathyroid hormone in oophorectomized rats was not observed. Thus the development of the osteopenia did not seem to be related to increased parathyroid hormone sensitivity or to reduced levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Exogenous 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 increased bone mass in oophorectomized as well as intact rats. Intestinal calcium transport was increased by moderate doses of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Intestinal calcium transport was also reduced by thyroparathyroidectomy and increased by the administration of parathyroid extract. A tendency for increased accumulation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in blood in oophorectomized rats has been noted. It is suggested that the tendency to hypercalcemia in ovarian-insufficient females given 1-hydroxylated vitamin D compounds may be related to a diminished metabolism of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02411294
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110101
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple method for calculating x-ray absorption spectra for use in crystal spectrometer and mirror analysis (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 2-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A simple scheme is described whereby x-ray absorption spectra, including the very strong rapidly varying structure near an absorption edge, may be calculated using only a short program and small amounts of computer time. The analysis also provides general rules for the existence of strong structures at the edge. The scheme can describe any neutral absorbing atom (or, with a little modification, ion) and includes the effect of the core hole when necessary. Fits to experiment show good agreement near absorption edges, with somewhat poorer agreement far from the edge. The method is of use in obtaining absorption spectra for use in crystal spectrometers for x-ray mirror calculations where a knowledge of the fine detail of the absorption is not necessary, but an accurate reproduction of the major structure near the edge is.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110103
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy dispersive x-ray diffractometry: 2. Phase transformations at elevated temperatures (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 19-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Phase transformation studies as well as the determination of linear expansion coefficients are used to show characteristics, accuracy and methods of data evaluation in energy dispersive x-ray diffractometry. A high temperature chamber was modified to withstand temperatures up to 2300°C with fixed angle geometry. Observation of phase transformations in time frames of 10s was possible. In addition, error analyses are made and a method of comparing intensities from angular dispersion to energy dispersive lines is presented.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110106
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 41-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110202
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the intensity correction method and the analytical value correction method in the correction of interfering spectrum overlap (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 46-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the X-ray fluorescence analysis of steels, a correction method is usually used so as to eliminate interfering spectrum overlap and absorption-enhancement effects. In correcting the former, the intensity correction method, by which measured x-ray intensity is corrected, is widely used. In the JIS method of x-ray fluorescence analysis of steels, however, the measured x-ray intensity is first converted into a tentative analytical value, and this value is then corrected for absorption-enhancement effects and finally for interfering spectrum overlap. In this report, a detailed comparison of both methods is made, and the characteristics of the JIS method are discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110204
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energies et Probabilités de Transition des Raies XL du Neptunium (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 79-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The L x-ray spectrum of Np following α-decay of 241Am was carefully reinvestigated by using HPGe detectors. Energy values of major lines are in good agreement with data deduced from Bearden's work, except for Lα1 and Lβ2,15 which exceed theoretical values by 8 and 22 eV, respectively. Intensities of different components agree well with previous experimental work, and β9, β10, γ11, γ13, t and s lines were found for the first time for Np (Z = 93). L subshell probability ratios are consistent with the Hartree-Fock-Slater calculations of Scofield.
    Notes: Le spectre xL du Np accompagnant la désintégration de 241Am a été soigneusement examiné avec des détecteurs HPGe. Les valeurs des énergies des raies principales sont en bon accord avec les résultats déduits du travail de Bearden, sauf pour les raies Lα1 et Lβ2,15 qui dépassent les valeurs théoriques de 8 et 22 eV respectivement. Les intensités des différentes raies s'accordent bien avec les résultats antérieurs; les raies β9, β10, γ11, γ13, t et s sont caractérisées pour la première fois dans le Np (Z = 93). Les rapports de probabilité dans les sous-couches L sont cohérents avec les calculs Hartree-Fock-Slater de Scofield.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110210
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray attenuation project (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. ix 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110215
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Product news (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. ix 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110216
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correction method for the particle-size effect in the x-ray fluorescence analysis of ‘Thin’ and monolayer samplesThe Paper was presented at the 29th Annual Conference on Applications of X-Ray Analysis, Denver (1980). (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 117-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method of correction for the particle-size effect in the x-ray fluorescence analysis of thin and monolayer samples is proposed. The method consists of the measurement of characteristic x-rays excited by x or γ radiation of two different energies. A concept of a substitute radiometric particle diameter instead of the particle-size distribution has been introduced in order introduced in order to enable a practical application of the proposed method. The particle-size correction factors have been obtained theoretically and experimentally for iron oxide (Fe3O4), calcium sulphate (CaSO4) and copper sulphide (Cu2S) with various particle-size distributions. The application limits of the proposed method have been discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110306
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A semi-empirical method for quantitative XRF analysis of thick samples (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 144-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A simple semi-empirical procedure for the determination of elemental concentration in light element matrices is proposed. The method consists of taking x-ray fluorescence spectral measurements at several orientations of the thick planar samples with a standard x-ray fluorescence set-up consisting of a low power x-ray tube and a Si(Li) x-ray spectrometer. The measured intensities are then extrapolated to zero effective thickness for the fluorescent x-rays. In the following we have carried out the extrapolation procedure for the ratios of the Compton scattered Mo Kα x-rays to the fluorescent x-rays which provides the direct determination of the elements in p.p.m. units with respect to the light matrix.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110311
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forthcoming meetings & conferences (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. viii 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110314
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid determination of ash in coke using Compton scattering (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 154-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Compton scattering technique for rapid determination of ash content in coal has been extended to coke samples. Some improvements in respect of the sample preparation and possible line overlap and background have been incorporated. A modified regression equation used in this work to compute the x-ray data is found to yield good results.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110403
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forthcoming meetings & conferences (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. vi 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110413
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-absorption of As, Se and Br for their Kβ2 and Kβ1,3 radiations and its effect on intensity ratio measurements (chemical state analyses of As, Se and Br by X-Ray Method. 31: Ref. 1, 2: Ref. 2. vdu 2) (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 140-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A dependence of the observed Kβ2/Kβ1,3 intensity ratios of As, Se and Br on their concentrations in measured samples was found in a study of the use of these ratios in chemical state analysis. This paper includes the experiments and discussion on this concentration effect, which is caused by the large difference between the self-absorption coefficients of each element for its Kβ2 and Kβ1,3 radiations. An x-ray spectrometer was used for the measurements of the intensity ratios and absorption coefficients. Since the Kβ2 radiation of each element has a wavelength shorter than the Kβ1,3 radiation and longer than the K absorption edge, the self-adsorption coefficient of the Kβ2 radiation was presupposed to be smaller than that of the Kβ1,3 radiation. The results of experiments, however, were contrary to the supposition. The observed self-absorption coefficients of these elements for their Kβ2 radiations were 1.4-2.2 times those of their Kβ1,3 radiations, depending on the chemical states of the elements as absorbers or x-ray emitters. These values gave a solution to the concentration effect. The correction of the effect allows the inherent intensity ratios to be determined which may then be used for chemical state analysis.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110310
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110401
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
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    Erratum (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. viii 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110415
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy dispersive x-ray diffractometry: 1. The specimen transparency factor (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 13-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The shape of energy dispersive diffraction lines from flat powder samples is determined by the Bragg angle, beam divergences, absorption of the radiation, specimen misalignment and detector performance. Due to asymmetric line broadening, the lines appear to be shifted, usually to lower energies. Two ‘specimen transparency models’ are presented, based upon the accurate determination of line positions and line intensities that are possible.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110105
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Co Kα X-ray shift in Co3O4 (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 35-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110110
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  • 21
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    Calibration standards. The XRF standards of the iron and Steel Institute of Japan (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 36-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110111
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  • 22
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    Comprehensive major and trace element analysis of geological material by x-ray fluorescence, using low dilution fusions (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 55-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A rapid method of routine whole rock analyses of major and trace elements, using low dilution fusions, is described. The method is particularly suited to use with automated x-ray fluorescence equipment, and is effective for rocks which range widely in composition. Corrections for matrix effects based on a matrix of influence coefficients, the calculation of a mass absorption coefficient from major component data and Compton scatter methods are discussed; data are presented which demonstrate that all three procedures can be used with low dilution fusions. Spectral impurities (principally of Cu, Ni and Zn) which cause problems in some trace element analyses using low dilution fusions and may also affect pressed rock powder studies are investigated and a simplified correction procedure is proposed. Lower limits of detection, accuracy and precision for determinations of 20 elements, carried out using low dilution fusions, indicate that the low dilution fusion procedure is well suited to routine whole rock analyses of major and trace elements.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110206
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  • 23
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    A comparison of two equations used as calibration curves for ternary samples in x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 66-69 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is well known that calibration curves in x-ray fluorescence spectrometry offer to the analyst different alternatives to fit measured data. We have set out to compare two well-known algorithms, those of Rasberry and Heinrich (R-H) and Lachance and Traill modified by Claisse and Quintin (LTCQ), with computer generated data using the fundamental parameter method. It is seen that both work reasonable well for binary samples, but in ternary samples deviations from reference points are larger for R-H than for LTCQ. We conclude from this study that ternary effects in R-H are not accounted for adequately, since only binary coefficients are needed to determine a calibration curve for any ternary as well as any multicomponent sample. In LTCQ, inclusion of an additional coefficient determined from a ternary standard suffices to improve considerably the degree of fitting to reference.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110208
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  • 24
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    Letter to the editor (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. vii 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110213
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  • 25
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    Editorial (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 99-99 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110302
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  • 26
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    The concentration correction equations as a consequence of the shiraiwa and fujino equation (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 112-116 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Certain concentration correction equations are considered as a consequence of the Shiraiwa and Fujino equation. Particular correction equations are related to special physical cases. A set of differential equations, derived on the ground of Claisse's considerations, co-exist with the set of classic correction equations. The mutual relations between the classic correction equations are presented.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110305
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
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    Minimum flux fusion processing of iron ores for XRF analysis (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 128-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of particles size, sample-to-flux ratio, fusion temperature and fusion period on the speed of lattice decomposition of three different iron ores were tested. Russian Krivoj Rog (hematite), Jugok concentrate (magnetite) and Polish siderite were used for structural investigations. In order to estimate the degree of crystallographic destruction of the material, x-ray diffractometry was used. Contrary to the usual large dilution associated with fusion, experiments with minimum flux contribution were carried out. The heat treatment (fusion) of samples was performed in graphite crucibles. The minimum flux technique was compared with dilution fusion (Pt-Au crucibles) on 32 iron ore standards.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110308
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  • 28
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    The Cu Kα1,2 spectrum as measured with a curved-crystal spectrometer (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 149-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An experimental study of the fine structure of the electron excited Cu Kα1,2 doublet in the energy range 20-40 ke V is presented. The spectra are different from earlier published ones in the sense that both the intensity and the resolution are high. A convex-crystal setting of the spectrometer is discussed. It is pointed out that when using a point source in association with a convex crystal the broadening due to the curvature of the planes vanishes. The high intensity enables one to unambigiously introduce two Lorentzians. The characteristic profile and location of the difference between the experimental data points and the fits show that the asymmetry of the Cu Ka1 and Kα2 lines most probably is due to the radiative Auger mechanism K-LM.
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    Editorial (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 153-153 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110402
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    A formed filter paper medium for microdroplet analyses of liquid samples by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 159-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new type of a formed filter paper is proposed as a sample medium for a microdroplet analysis by x-ray fluorescence spectrometry. It has a circular center part, separated by a narrow circular groove from its edge, and four, paraffined, supporting bridges. It can thus keep a spot area constant when a liquid sample drops at the center part. After dropping the liquid sample, the paper is dried and used for the x-ray measurement. It can be stored for years without any chemical change. This formed filter paper is effective in improving the linearity range of a calibration curve and the precision of a fluorescent x-ray measurement as compared with a non-formed filter paper. The sample volume required is only 20 to 100 μ1 and therefore microscale analysis of the liquid sample is allowable.
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    The complete spectral response for EDXRF systems - calculation by Monte Carlo and analysis applications. 2 - heterogeneous samples (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 181-186 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Monte Carlo model for predicting the complete spectral response from homogeneous samples has been extended to heterogeneous samples which may be considered to be spherical particles suspended in a homogeneous matrix. The spherical particles may have any distribution of size and spatial position as specified input. The particle compositions are either: Model 1-a homogeneous mixture of all the sample elements present or Model 2-a single pure element appropriately chosen at random from those present. These two sample compositions should represent extremes of the matrix interferences encountered in practice and should, therefore, bound the x-ray and source scattering spectral responses observed. The sample Monte Carlo results reported here for both heterogeneous models approach the limiting values predicted by the homogeneous model when used for decreasingly small particle sizes and generally exhibit a smooth relationship with particle size. Although comparisons with two sets of experimental results are not entirely satisfactory, the general trends are properly predicted. It is concluded that the models are accurate within our present capability of testing them (at present we only have available two particle spatial distributions for packing fractions of 0.4 and 0.6, both for particles of uniform size).
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    Product News (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. vii 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110414
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    Determination of drug bioavailability by mass spectrometry (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 349-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mas.1280010403
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    Time-resolved appearance energies, breakdown graphs, and mass spectra: The elusive “kinetic shift”Dedicated to the late Dr. Henry M. Rosenstock. (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 309-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
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    Editorial (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 1-1 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110102
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    An improved method of x-ray fluorescence analysis of chrome containing refractories (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 25-28 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An improved x-ray fluorescence method has been developed for the analysis of chrome containing refractory materials (raw materials, in process and final products). It involves the fusion of the powdered samples with a mixture of sodium hexametaphosphate and lithium metaborate in the presence of lanthanum oxide into a glass disc followed by polishing of the disc before exposure to the x-rays. Three British standards, two South African Standards and one NBS Standard were used for standardizing the method. SiO2, Fe2O3, Al2O3, CaO MgO and Cr2O3 were used in the standardization because these compounds constitute the majority of the materials under analysis. Linear regression analysis of the data showed that all the lines were linear, the coefficient of determination being equal or close to 1.00 with a mean error of less than ±3.5%, excepting CaO which had a mean error of ±8.6% because of its low concentration and the larger variance in its standard value.
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    Rapid preparation of robust pressed powder briquettes containing a styrene and wax mixture as binder (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 29-31 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The binder is composed of nine parts (by mass) styrene copolymer and one part wax. Both ingredients are marketed under brand names and are available as 10 μm powders, which can be conveniently blended in bulk. Exceptionally robust briquettes containing 10% binder have been made from a great variety of sample types, including metal powders, ion exchange resins, coal, charcoal, graphite, ash, vegetable matter and geological materials. Normally the sample and binder are milled together in a swing mill and milling behaviour is not adversely affected. The briquettes are not affected by vacuum, radiation or age. Erratic milling efficiency of the six-vessel swing mills used and modifications to overcome the problem are described. For the most satisfactory ejection of a briquette, the cylinder wall of the die should taper slightly outwards near the ejecting end. A pressure of at least 0.04 MPa is recommended to ensure maximum x-ray fluorescence intensity, but higher pressures improve briquette strength. In the above-mentioned laboratory 0.23 MPa is normally used. The time the briquette is held under full load is not important. The simplicity of the method makes it possible to mill and press more than 1000 briquettes per day. Binder cost is approximately 3 cents per gram.
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    Relative intensity factors for K, L and M shell x-ray lines (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 42-45 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Accurate values for x-ray relative intensity factors, which are the fraction of intensity measured, are important for quantitative calculation procedures used in scanning transmission electron microscope thin film x-ray microanalysis. We have developed equations for calculating these parameters for the K, L and M shells and have applied them to a thin film quantitative analysis procedure. The K shell values were obtained from experimental and theoretical data in the literature and show a constant region between atomic numbers 20 and 30. To obtain L shell values measurements were made with an electron probe and an energy dispersive system on a 200 kV scanning transmission electron microscope. These data were combined with values calculated from Coster-Kronig and fluorescence yield data in the literature. The result was two curves with a step at atom number 51 and a significantly different magnitude than values used in other thin film methods. The following equations for use in a computer program were developed from these curves; aLα1.2(Z=27-50)=1.617-0.0398Z+3.766 × 10-4Z2; aLα1,2(Z=51-92)=0.609-1.619 × 10-3Z-0.03248 sin [0.161(Z-51)].
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    Analysis of finely divided metal particles formed in montmorillonite by scanning electron microscopy (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 64-65 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Finely divided metal particles, formed in the interlayer space of montmorillonite, have been identified by a x-ray microprobe technique and their dimensions measured by scanning electron microscopy. The dimensions of Ni0 and Cu0 obtained on reduction of the respective metal ions by H2 have been shown to be ∼ 100 Å.
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    Automated qualitative wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence analysis (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 83-88 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A SRSO1 Siemens x-ray spectrometer equipped with a logical controller was controlled by a Tektronix 4051 computer to record step by step the x-ray fluorescence intensities. Ten samples can be analysed after the recording of 2 spectra (LiF (110) and PET) for each sample on a magnetic tape. On a host computer, a program first reduces the x-ray fluorescence spectra to find the peak parameters for each line and another program subsequently identifies the elements.
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    Ron Jenkins, R. W. Gould and Dale Gedcke. Quantitative x-ray spectrometry. Marcel Dekker, New York, 1981. 586 pp. $59.50 (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. vii 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110214
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    Single pass major element x-ray fluorescence analysis of silicate rock samples using a Philips 1212 spectrometer (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 100-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A ‘single pass’ method of analysing silicate rocks for their major element composition has been developed using a Philips 1212 x-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Samples need only be submitted once to the spectrometer and all ten major elements (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3T, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O and P2O5) are determined using a Cr x-ray tube and three analysing crystals, i.e. TIAP, PET and LiF220. The method has been evaluated in terms of the quality of the calibration lines for each element, the precision of replicated analyses and by the analysis of rock standards as unknown samples. The single pass method is rapid, facilitates on-line data reduction and is capable of producing high quality analytical data.
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    Graphical comparison of mathematical models for quantitative x-ray fluorescence analysis (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 121-127 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Several mathematical models for correcting x-ray fluorescence intensities are proposed in the literature. However, it is not always easy for the analyst to choose the best one for a particular case. Therefore a modular program has been written to compare automatically mathematical models for quantitative x-ray spectrometry with the object of determining the best conditions of analysis (models, number and nature of interfering elements and matrix effects). The graphic display of the standard deviation of the standards as a function of the interfering elements used in the correction simplifies and accelerates the interpretation of the matrix effects.
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    L11 and L111 x-ray absorption discontinuities of Tb in some Tb compounds (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 164-166 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The L11 and L111 absorption discontinuities of Tb in various Tb compounds have been recorded using an automated and highly stable x-ray unit. The energy shifts have been discussed in terms of effective ionic charge. Applying Levy's method, the radii of the first coordination sphere have been calculated from the extended fine structure.
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    The complete spectral response for EDXRF systems - calculation by Monte Carlo and analysis applications. 1 - homogeneous samples (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 173-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A Monte Carlo model is derived and combined with an existing detector response function model to ptdict the entire pulse-height spectra for energy-dispersive, x-ray fluorescence systems that consist of an annular-ring, photon exciting source, a coaxially positioned right circular homogental sample, and a cirular si(Li) detector. A method is dervied and demonstrated for using the predicted and experimental pulse-height spectra on a chi-square basis to determine elemental amounts. This approach allows the use of all the information available in an entire energy-dispersive, x-ray fluorescence pulse-hight spectrum for analysis purposes.
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    Simultaneous multielement analysis of phosphates by x-ray fluorescence (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 8-12 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An accurate, rapid and relatively cheap method adapted for use in the phosphate industry for on-line simultaneous multielement analysis of phosphate ore and calcined phosphate, using x-ray fluorescence, is described. The method of analysis is sufficiently accurate for the phosphate industry, which demands great accuracy in P2O5 analysis. A statistical evaluation of precision and accuracy is given.
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    Quantitative determination of argon in sputtered films by wavelength-dispersive electron probe microanalysis (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 32-34 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method is described for the calibration of Ar Kα counting rates, measured using crystal spectrometers equipped with Ar-flow proportional counters. Linear extrapolation from overvoltage corrected x-ray yields of the elements with Kα x-ray energies lower than those of the ArK absorption edge gives an accurate description of the experimental Ar Kα intensity ratios from counters operated at different values of gas pressure. Results of all-element film analyses provided by a matrix correction procedure, ZAF, indicate an accuracy better than 5% relative for the determination of Ar concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 wt%.
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    Masthead (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982) 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110201
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    X-ray fluorescence analysis of silver and palladium film thicknesses on silicon solar cells (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 51-54 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An x-ray fluorescence technique was developed to analyze the thickness of Ag and Pd metallization layers on the back side contacts of Si solar cells. The technique employed a Sn secondary target x-ray source excited by a Cr target x-ray tube. Sn Kβ excited Ag Kα in the overlying Ag contact while Sn Kα and Kβ excited Pd Kα in the underlying Pd film. The emitted Ag and Pd Kα intensities were compared with corresponding intensities emitted from pure bulk Ag and Pd standards. Attenuation of Sn Kβ and Sn, Ag and Pd Kα in the Ag contact and in the standards was accounted for in the calculations. The results on 17 cells compared favorably with neutron activation analyses. An accuracy of ±10% was estimated for a 40 nm Pd film beneath a 7 μm Ag contact. Palladium films as thin as 1.5 nm were analyzed. The technique is nondestructive and can be applied to process control in a production environment as well as to laboratory testing of experimental cells.
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    Influence of interelement effects on x-ray fluorescence calibration curve coefficients for binary mixtures (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 70-78 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It has been shown that x-ray fluorescence calibration curve coefficients are closely related to matrix effects, such as absorption or absorption plus enhancement of the fluorescent radiation. In the classical paper of Rasberry and Heinrich,1 a single coefficient (named Aik) calibration curve was proposed when pure absorption is the predominant effect on the spectral line of interest. Similarly, and for practical purposes, a single coefficient (named Bik) was also considered when absorption and enhancement are present. We propose a new interpretation of calibration curve coefficients based on analytical expressions obtained recently for binary compounds under monochromatic excitation. Six distinct possible cases of calibration curves arise. Examples of binary compounds for each case are given. The data considered have been computed using the fundamental parameters method which allowed us to study a large number of possible mixtures for an arbitrary monochromatic excitation. Finally, through a different approach we discuss how this analysis could be extended to consider polychromatic excitation.
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    A modified background-ratio method for x-ray fluorescence analysis of soil and plant materials (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 89-98 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The isolated atom model of x-ray scatter has been used to develop a new analytical strategy for internal standardization in x-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The method defines quantitatively by how much and within what limitations various background-ratio calibration techniques can improve results for particular elements in specific materials. The analytical strategy is based on a modified peak to background ratio equation, where the background intensity is raised by an exponent T. The variable T combines as special cases all existing analytical strategies which use scattered x-rays, together with the basic linear calibration where T=0. Variation in T was evaluated using extensive computer processing of matrix data for typical soil and plant materials. It was found that T varied with analyte, scatter wavelength and the matrix component contributing to the mass absorption error. Most existing methods using a background-ratio technique are shown to be improved by using a value of T other than the previously assumed unity or zero.
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    Masthead (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982) 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110301
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    X-ray fluorescence analysis of natural phosphates (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 109-111 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An x-ray fluorescence method was developed for the determination of P and Ca in raw phosphates. A modified mathematical method suggested by Lucas-Tooth and Pyne was used to correct for matrix effects. The constants and influence coefficients in the algorithm were assessed using a set of 20 standard samples whose composition was determined by chemical analysis. The correspondence of P and Ca concentrations, as determined by the x-ray method in samples from different deposits all over the world, with the results of chemical analysis can be characterized by the coefficient of variation v of the differences between the two methods. The value of v was 1.2% and 1.8% for P and Ca, respectively. The effects of a preliminary treatment of phosphates by calcination and of reducing the number of phosphate rock deposits, the samples of which are analysed, on the value of v are discussed.
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    Matrix effects in the x-ray fluorescence method (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 135-139 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The matrix effects which exist in x-ray fluorescence analysis are considered, Shiraiwa and Fujino equations being the initial point of these considerations. Matrix effects are divided into two groups: simple and so-called unusual. Among the simple ones, absorption and enhancement effects are considered. New concepts of ‘absolute’ and ‘relative’ absorption effects are introduced. It is shown that the expressions of simple matrix effects can be easily separated in the Shiraiwa and Fujino equation. Additionally, the unusual matrix effects, including the Birks-Harris effect and some cases of the Mitchell-Kellam effects, were found to be well described by certain equations based on the Shiraiwa and Fujino equation, provided the appropriate assumptions were made.
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    Professor Joaquín Bermúdezpolonio Métodos de difracción de Rayosx-Principios y aplicaciones. (Methods of X-ray Diffraction-Principles and Applications). Ediciones Pirámide, S. A., Madrid 1981. In Spanish (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. vii 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300110313
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    Determination of S, Cl and F in silicate rocks by X-ray fluorescence analyses (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 156-158 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: X-ray fluorescence analyses of briquetted rock samples for S, Cl and F were carried out utilizing experimental coefficients to correct matrix effects. Data on thirty-two international standards are reported.
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    Intercomparison of selected semi-empirical and fundamental parameter interelement correction methods in x-ray spectrometry (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 167-169 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Fundamental parameter interelement correction methods such as NRLXF are finding increased use in quantitative x-ray spectrometry. The purpose of this work was to compare the results obtained with each of the three options in NRLXRF, namely empirical, full, and theoretical, with a semiempirical model such as Rasberry-Heinrich and an NBS fundamental parameter method to check for consistency. Well characterized alloys were chosen for making the intercomparison.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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    An overview of EXFNBS - A data reduction procedure for energy-dispersive XRF with secondary target excitation (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 170-172 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An overview of a fundamental parameter, data reduction procedure for processing energy-dispersive, x-ray spectrometric data obtained with monochromatic excitation is described. The programs, called EXFNBS and NBSROI, are written in FORTRAN and correct for interfering x-ray peaks, escape peaks, background, and x-ray absorption/enhancement due to interelement effects in a speciment. This procedure is designed to operate in an interactive mode with a minicomputer in real time.
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    Quantitative electron probe microanalysis using Gaussian φ(ρz) Curves (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 187-193 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Gaussian expression for φ(ρz) has been used as the basis of a computer program for quantitative electron probe microanalysis. Corrections for absorption and atomic number are combined within the expression for φ(ρz) whereas the fluorescence correction is based on numerical integration over the primary and secondary intensities. Error histograms based on about 500 published analyses of standard specimens have been used to adjust the parameters in the Gaussian expression for optimum accuracy. The resultant error histograms are as narrow as those obtained for the most accurate of the current ZAF correction procedures. Extension of the method to non-normal electron incidence is relatively straightforward.
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    Modifications of the HEX program for fast automatic resolution of PIXE-spectra (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 11 (1982), S. 194-200 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The computer program ‘HEX’ for resolving PIXE-spectra has been modified. By irradiating standard foils, the escape peak ratios for x-ray peaks in the energy interval 3.3-10.6 keV have been measured. The results have been compared with theoretical calculations and experimental results of other research groups. The escape peaks have been included in the computer code. Pile-up peaks in the x-ray spectrum are also fitted by the modified computer program. This procedure is independent of the count rate and the pile-up interval. In addition, an effective routine for rejecting small x-ray peaks has been developed.
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    Masthead (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982) 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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    Editorial (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 1-2 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Hydrogen migration in electron ionization (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 3-14 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Contaminants in mass spectrometry (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 29-62 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 28 Ill.
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    The mass spectral retro Diels-Alder reaction of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, its derivatives and related heterocyclic compoundsPresented in part at the 7th Meeting on Biochemical Mass Spectrometry, 6-8 October 1980 in Takarazuka, Osaka, Japan. Part of thesis of H. K., Universität Zürich (in preparation). (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 15-28 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Field desorption mass spectrometry: Applications (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 63-102 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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    Mass spectrometry of amino steroids and steroidal alkaloids (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 125-168 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    Masthead (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982) 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Mass spectral studies of lipid topology in biological membranes (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 169-198 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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    Announcement (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 199-199 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Strain energies in alkyl-substituted benzenes, naphthalenes, and some other related systems“Ionization and Appearance Potentials in Structural Analysis. Part 6.” For parts 4 and 5 of this series, see refs. 1 and 2, respectively. Presented in part before EUCHEM Conference No. 92 on “The Chemistry of Ion Beams,” Noordwyk aan Zee, Netherlands, September 1977. Presented in part before the Division of Organic Chemistry, National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Anaheim, CA, March 1978. (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 107-124 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Studies of prototropy by mass spectrometric methods (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 237-255 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    Carbon isotope analyses in food technology (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 205-236 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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    Mass spectrometry of explosives: Nitro compounds, nitrate esters, and nitramines (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 257-307 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
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    Masthead (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982) 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Masthead (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Erratum (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 1 (1982), S. 393-393 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    The 2ν4 isotropic and anisotropic Raman bands of CH4 (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 49-62 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Raman spectrum of the very weak 2ν4 band of CH4 has been recorded in the region 2460-2675 cm-1 with a spectral resolution of about 0.30 cm-1 and with two different orientations of the linearly polarized exciting light relative to the direction of observation. The two exposures are used to obtain the purely isotropic and the purely anisotropic Raman spectrum of the band. The two spectra are interpreted in terms of a model which takes explicitly into account vibrational and rotation-vibrational interactions with other vibrational states. Using molecular constants determined primarily from infrared spectroscopy, theoretical contours are calculated which agree very satisfactorily with the experimental ones. For the isotropic spectrum it is found that two different values of the ratio between the 2ν4(A1) and the ν1 transition moment matrix elements reproduce the spectrum equally well. It is shown that the major part of the intensity in the isotropic and anisotropic Raman spectrum is borrowed from the ν1(A1) and the ν3(F2) fundamentals, respectively, through Fermi-type interactions, and it is also shown that the 2ν4 isotropic Raman band would have been 4-6 times more intense, if the 2ν4(A1) transition moment matrix element had been negligible.
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    Raman and infrared spectra of CH3O(CH2)nOCH3 (n = 3-5) as model compounds of polyethersPresented in part at the VIIth International Conference on Raman Spectroscopy, Ottawa, Canada, 4-9 August, 1980. (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 144-148 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Raman and infrared spectra have been measured for CH3O(CH2)n OCH3 (n = 3-5), as model compounds of polyethers [—O(CH2)n—]m, in the liquid and crystalline solid states. The spectra were analysed on the basis of a normal coordinate treatment. The CH2—O stretching vibration is sensitive to the conformation about the C—C bond next to the C—O bond. The molecular conformations of the model compounds in the crystalline solid state are trans-gauche-gauche-trans for n = 3 and all-trans for n = 4 and 5. These conformations coincide with the chain conformations of the polymers in the most stable crystal modification. For the model compounds in the liquid state, the gauche conformation about the C—C bond next to the C—O bond is more stable than the trans conformation.
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    Resonance Raman spectra of reaction intermediates formed from 1,1- diphenylethylene adsorbed on porous vycor glass and on a catalyst (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 157-161 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Resonance Raman spectra of three types of reaction intermediates, blue, green and yellow species, formed from 1,1-diphenylethylene adsorbed on porous Vycor glass were measured by means of an improved experimental technique and with suitable excitations. The blue species, which is the least stable intermediate, is found to be a cation radical, , and the characteristic Raman bands of and 2 stretching vibrations are clearly observed. For the green and yellow species more detailed spectra were obtained than in previous experiments. The coverages of the three intermediates are θ≈10-3 for each, being in agreement with the values expected from the numbers of Lewis and Brönsted acid sites on porous Vycor glass. Resonance Raman spectrum of the blue species on silica-alumina, a catalyst, was also obtained by using the rotating sample technique.
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    Resonance Raman spectra of phenoxy and monosubstituted phenoxy radicals (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 194-198 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: The resonance Raman spectra of the phenoxy radical and its deuterated species have been observed. The characteristic features of the spectra have been interpreted on the basis of a large contribution from a quinonoid type resonance structure. The assignment of each band is discussed. The effects of ortho and para substitution on the Raman spectra are also discussed.
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    The effects of intermolecular potentials on the vibrational spectra of condensed systems (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 199-205 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: The effects of the Intermolecular interaction potential on the vibrational spectra of liquids or solutions are discussed for the cases where the molecular field can be treated as a time or space-averaged quantity. It is shown that the introduction of an appropriate molecular field can yield information about molecular properties or about molecular arrangements of component molecules in the liquid and solution phases. Certain spectral characteristics, for instance absorption intensity in infra-red spectra and scattering cross-section and depolarization ratio in Raman spectra, are discussed.
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    Resonance Raman spectra of 9,9′-bifluorenylideneThis work was supported by the Italian Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 30-35 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The resonance Raman spectra of 9,9′-bifluorenylidene have been measured in the 450-510 nm region either in solution or in the solid state by using six lines of the Ar+ laser. The analysis of the excitation profiles allowed inferences to be drawn concerning the vibronic structure of the lowest electronic excited state. The different behaviour shown by the profiles relative to the solid and the solution has been interpreted as due to different Franck-Condon overlap integrals between the ground and the excited electronic states. A vibrational assignment of the g modes is proposed on the basis of a polarized Raman spectrum in solution taken with the 632.8 nm line of a He-Ne laser. Electronic spectra of NaCl pellets and of oriented polycrystalline samples were also measured.
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    Raman spectra of halogen-substituted methanes in the liquid state. 2For Part 1 in this series, see K. Fukushi and M. Kimura, J. Raman Spectrosc. 8, 125 (1979). - Band widths of the totally symmetric vibration bands (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 13 (1982), S. 9-14 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: The isotropic and anisotropic Raman band widths of the totally symmetric vibrations of halogen-substituted methanes have been measured in the liquid state at room temperature. The isotropic C—H and C—D stretching vibration bands broaden with increasing molecular weight and this is qualitatively explained by the Fischer-Laubereau dephasing model. The isotropic band widths of the deformation vibrations are correlated with the reorientational correlation times and are attributed to broadening due to interactions dependent on the orientation, such as the dipole-dipole interaction.
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    Raman excitation profiles of trans- azobenzene in the 361 to 494 nm wavelength range by means of a pulsed dye laser source (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 13 (1982), S. 15-20 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Several Raman excitation profiles of trans- azobenzene in carbon tetrachloride have been obtained in the wavelength range 361-494 nm. By using 21 different exciting wavelengths from a tunable pulsed dye laser the eight most intense Ramanlines occurring in the 1000-1600 cm-1 shift range were investigated and the effective absorption wavelengths λeff were located. The results indicate that in the investigated range of exciting wavelengths a few molecular states corresponding to vibrational structures of the π*←π absorption band at 319 nm contribute predominantly to the Raman scattering from all analysed vibrational modes.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250130104
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    The vibrational spectrum, normal coordinate analysis and conformational equilibrium of 3-chloro-2-methylpropeneNRCC Contribution No. 20055. (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 13 (1982), S. 30-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The infrared spectra of gaseous and liquid 3-chloro-2-methylpropene and the Raman spectra of the compound as gas, liquid and frozen solid have been recorded. Several bands present in the Raman spectrum of the liquid were found to be absent or greatly reduced in intensity in the spectrum of the solid phase, thus indicating the presence of a conformational equilibrium. The Raman polarization data show that the gauche conformer of this compound is the more stable. A study of the temperature dependence of the relative intensities of two Raman bands due to different conformers led to values of ΔHθ of 2.5±0.5 kJ mol-1 and ΔSθ of -4.8±2.0 JK-1 mol-1 for the conformational equilibrium in the liquid phase. These results are consistent with a conformational equilibrium of the type gauche⇌s-cis, as found for a number of related molecules. A complete vibrational assignment has been proposed for the spectral data, except for the unobserved methyl torsion, aided by a normal coordinate treatment.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250130107
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  • 87
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    The resonance Raman spectrum of the 18O-enriched MnO4- ion (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 13 (1982), S. 63-65 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The resonance Raman spectrum of the MnO4- ion enriched in 18O and dispersed in a RbBr matrix was obtained. The symmetric stretching fundamental band and its first three overtones were measured for the five possible isotopomers, allowing an estimation of the corresponding harmonic frequencies and anharmonicity constants. An explanation for the observed trend in these constants is proposed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250130112
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    Free radical studies by resonance Raman spectroscopy. The 5,10-dihydrophenazine and 5-methyl-10-hydrophenazine radical cations (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 13 (1982), S. 91-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The 5-10-dihydrophenazine and the 5-methyl-10-hydrophenazine free radical cations have been prepared at room temperature by photolysis of phenazine and 10-methylphenazine, respectively, in acidic ethanol solution. Both radicals exhibit very intense visible absorptions which have permitted the excitation of their resonance Raman spectra. Raman spectra have been recorded using various laser exciting lines, and excitation profiles for both systems have been determined. The parent-to-radical wavenumber shifts observed for each species have been interpreted in terms of the structural changes brought about by radical formation.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250130115
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  • 89
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    A Joyous Scholar (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. iv 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: NO Abstract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250120203
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  • 90
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    Vibrational spectrum and conformation of cyclopropyldimethylborane (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 111-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The infrared (3500-50 cm-1) and Raman spectra (3500-10 cm-1) have been recorded for cyclopropyldimethylborane in both the gaseous and solid states. Additionally, the Raman spectrum of the liquid was recorded and qualitative depolarization values were obtained. Only one conformation has been found in all three physical states and, on the basis of the polarized nature of the Raman band assigned as the BC2 antisymmetric stretch, this conformer is identified as being the bisected structure with Cs molecular symmetry. A complete vibrational assignment, except for the BC2 and two methyl torsional modes, is proposed based on the depolarization data, infrared gas phase band contours, and group frequencies. These results are compared to the corresponding data for several other organoboranes.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 91
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    Deuteration kinetics of N-methylacetamide by means of a stopped-flow multi-detector Raman spectrophotometry (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 138-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: N-methylacetamide dissolved in 1H2O was rapidly mixed with 2H2O by the use of a stopped-flow device, and Raman spectra of the mixed solution were observed at various times in the course of the deuteration reaction by the use of a multi-detector system. With continuous wave excitation (Ar+ laser), the time-resolution reached by our present setup was about 50 ms. The molecular association of N-methylacetamide in H2O was found to cause a low-frequency shift of the amide III Raman band at 1317 cm-1 by 9 cm-1. The effect of this association upon the deuteration rate, however, was not found to be appreciable. At 25°C, the rate constants were determined to be 0.067, 0.14, 0.20, 0.41, and 0.63 s-1 at pH = 6.43, 6.87, 7.15, 7.39, and 7.43, respectively.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250120210
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  • 92
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    Effet de la Temperature sur les Modes Externes de Vibration du Monocristal. La2(SO4)3·9(H,D)2O (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 152-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The polarized Raman spectra in the region 0-400 cm-1 of oriented single crystals of La2(SO4)3.9H2O and La2(SO4)3. 9D2O have been recorded between 14 and 297 K. The behaviour of the external modes is analysed in order to elucidate the role of the hydrogen-bonds and the lanthanum-oxygen interactions in the order-disorder transition observed at approximately 170 K. Large changes in the shape and intensities of the external bands with temperature (not detected in the region of internal vibration of the spectrum) have been observed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250120213
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  • 93
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    Temperature dependent width of γ(N—H) mode in hydrogen bonded solid amides (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 165-172 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The temperature dependence of νi, Δν1/21 and the integrated band area for a few solid amides are studied for the γ(N—H) mode in the infra-red. A general theoretical discussion of these structureless broad γ(N—H) bands is presented. The bands are accounted for in terms of coupling of the γ(N—H) mode with longitudinal as well as transversal low-frequency phonons.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250120216
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    Measurement of weak depolarization ratios of the Rayleigh scattering of gases using Raman spectroscopy (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 190-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Using a spectroscopic method suggested by Murphy, the depolarization ratios for the Rayleigh scattering of several gases have been measured, lying in the range of 10-2 to 5*10-5. The values obtained are generally lower than those found by previous authors who used the classical method, especially in the case of extremely small depolarization ratios. For hydrogen and deuterium sulphides, which present the smallest depolarization ratios ever observed, a difference is found between the isotopomers although this at the limit of the experimental error.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250120219
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    Overall and lattice vibrations of fatty acids. 1 - C form of stearic acid (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 206-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250120222
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    Raman and infrared studies on new anticancer inorganic ring systems. 1 - hexaziridinocyclotriphosphazene N3P3(NC2H4)6 (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 212-216 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Raman spectra of the new anticancer agent N3P3(NC2H4)6 (MYKO 63), in the solid state and in aqueous solution, and the infrared spectra of the molecule in the solid state, are reported for the first time. All the assignments are discussed in terms of the following vibrations framework (N3P3); ligand (—NC2H4); and framework-Iigand couplings (Nendo2PNexo2). The concept of group frequencies associated with local symmetrical valence coordinates is used extensively.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250120302
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    A Raman study of aqueous solutions of ferric nitrate, ferrous chloride and ferric chloride in the glassy state (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 224-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Raman spectra have been obtained for aqueous solutions of Fe(NO3)3, FeCl2 and FeCl3 in the glassy state where R = moles of water/moles of salt = 10-20. The predominant jonic species in these solutions are [Fe(H2O)6]3+, [Fe(H2O)6]2+ and trans- [Fecl2(H2O)4]+, respectively. The second dominant ferric species in the glassy FeCl3 solution (R = 20) seems to be the [FeCl(H2O)5]2+ ion, which is inferred from comparison of the frequencies of the Fe—OH2 stretching Raman bands.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250120305
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    Raman linewidth study of rotational motion of chloroform in aqueous solution (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 244-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Isotropic and anisotropic Raman linewidths of the C—D stretching mode of chloroform-d have been measured in water and other solvents, and rotational diffusion constants for the rocking motion of chloroform molecules around their perpendicular to the symmetry axis have been determined from linewidths. The correlation of experimental rotational diffusion constants in solutions, with fluidities of solvents, is examined, and the effect of iceberg structures formed around chloroform molecules in aqueous solution on the rotational motion of chloroform is discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250120309
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    Torsionally induced bands in the Raman spectrum of a biphenyl crystal (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 247-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Three broad bands at 166, 410 and 836 cm-1 in the (c*c*) polarized Raman spectrum of a biphenyl crystal are ascribed to B2u5 Au and Au fundamentals, respectively, which are weakly Raman active in molecules that have about ten quanta of the central bond torsion. The intensities of these broad lines diminish as the temperature is lowered, and the number of molecules with sufficient torsional quanta to induce the transitions declines. Near degeneracies are located at 410 and 840 cm-1 between Au and B3g and Au and B1g fundamentals, respectively.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250120310
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    Raman linewidth study of molecular interactions in mixtures of hexafluorobenzene with benzene and with mesitylene (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 12 (1982), S. 274-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Raman linewidths have been measured at room temperature for the 560 cm-1 band of hexafluorobenzene, for the 991 cm-1 band of benzene, and for the 576 cm-1 band of mesitylene, in the pure liquids and in binary solutions. Linewidths have also been measured for the 799 cm-1 band of cyclohexane as a reference. Rotational diffusion constants for the tumbling motion of the molecular planes have been evaluated from the Raman linewidths. Experimental diffusion constants are compared with theoretical values calculated on the basis of the semi-slip rotational diffusion model. Effects of molecular interactions of hexafluorobenzene with benzene or mesitylene on the rotational motion of molecules in solution are discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250120314
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