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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 255-306 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 503-515 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 481-501 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 37-72 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 73-104 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 119-172 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 307-365 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 1-12 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 13-36 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 105-117 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 173-201 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 203-253 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 383-394 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 395-416 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 435-452 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 417-433 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 453-465 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 467-479 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 369-381 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Computer Science 4 (1990), S. 517-529 
    ISSN: 8756-7016
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 4 (1990), S. 27-41 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Groundwater monitoring networks ; Information reliability ; Information scales ; Kalman filtering in groundwater
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The extensive use of groundwater resources has increased the need for developing cost-effective monitoring networks to provide an indication of the degree to which the subsurface environment has been affected by human activities. This study presents a cost-effective approach to the design of groundwater flow monitoring networks. The groundwater network design is formulated with two problem formats: maximizing the statistical monitoring power for specified budget constraint and minimizing monitoring cost for statistical power requirement. The statistical monitoring power constraint is introduced with an information reliability threshold value. A branch and bound technique is employed to select the optimal solution from a discrete set of possible network alternatives. The method is tested to the design of groundwater flow monitoring problem in the Pomona County, California.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 4 (1990), S. 65-81 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Lagoons ; Ponds ; Facultative ; First-order kinetics ; Complete mixing ; Probabilistic ; Uncertainty ; Environmental ; Stochastic differential equations
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Two stochastic models are developed to describe the BOD output (i.e. effluent) variation of facultative aerated lagoons in series. One of the models uses the uncertainty analysis (UA) technique and the other is based on the moment equation solution methodology of stochastic differential equations (SDE's). The former considers a second-order approximation of the expectation (SOAE) and a first-order approximation of the variance (FOAV). The SDE model considers that output variability is accounted for by random variations in the rate coefficient. Comparisons are provided. Calibration and verification of the two models are aciieved by using field observations from two different lagoon systems in series. The predictive performances of the two models are compared with each other and with another SDE model, presented in a previous paper, that considers input randomness. The three methods show similar predictive performances and provide good predictions of the mean and standard deviation of the lagoon effluent BOD concentrations and thus are considered as appropriate methodologies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 4 (1990), S. 89-103 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): maximum precipitation depths ; extreme-value distributions ; seasonal variation ; partial duration series ; model misspecification
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Quantile estimates of the annual maximum distribution can be obtained by fitting theoretical distributions to the maxima in separate seasons, e.g. to the monthly maxima. In this paper, asymptotic expressions for the bias and the variance of such estimates are derived for the case that the seasonal maxima follow a Gumbel distribution. Results from these expressions are presented for a situation with no seasonal variation and for maximum precipitation depths at Uccle/Ukkel (Belgium). It is shown that the bias is often negligible and that the variance reduction by using seasonal maxima instead of just the annual maxima strongly depends on the seasonal variation in the data. A comparison is made between the asymptotic standard error of quantile estimates from monthlymaxima with those from a partial duration series. Much attention is paid to the effect of model misspecification on the resulting quantile estimates of the annual maximum distribution. The use of seasonal maxima should be viewed with caution when the upper tail of this distribution is of interest.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 4 (1990), S. 193-208 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Stochastic tidal modeling ; parameter identification ; model calibration
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract In this paper a parameter estimation algorithm is developed to estimate uncertain parameters in two dimensional shallow water flow models. Since in practice the open boundary conditions of these models are usually not known accurately, the uncertainty of these boundary conditions has to be taken into account to prevent that boundary errors are interpreted by the estimation procedure as parameter fluctuations. Therefore the open boundary conditions are embedded into a stochastic environment and a constant gain extended Kalman filter is employed to identify the state of the system. Defining a error functional that measures the differences between the filtered state of the system and the measurements, a quasi Newton method is employed to determine the minimum of this functional. To reduce the computational burden, the gradient of the criterium that is required using the quasi Newton method is determined by solving the adjoint system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 4 (1990), S. 217-226 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Exponential distribution ; bivariate exponential distribution ; distribution of flood volume ; partial duration series
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract A methodology based on the theory of stochastic processes is applied to the analysis of floods. The approach will be based on some results of the theory of extreme values over a threshold. In this paper, we focus on the estimation of the distribution of the flood volume in partial duration series analysis of flood phenomena, by using a bivariate exponential distribution of discharge exceedances and durations over a base level.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 4 (1990), S. 254-254 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 4 (1990), S. 277-294 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Water distribution ; optimization ; nonlinear programming ; integer programming ; chance constraints ; rehabilation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract This paper presents the mathematical development of an integer — nonlinear programming chance — constrained optimization model for the minimum cost rehabilitation/replacement of water distribution system components. Particular attention is given to the handling of uncertainties in the roughness factors and the loading conditions including both the random demand and preassure head requirements. The advantages of the proposed model include the ability to: 1) handle the optimal timing of rehabilitation/replacement for water distribution system components; 2) link a mixed-integer linear program solver, a nonlinear program solver, and a hydraulic simulator into an optimization framework; 3) handle the uncertainties of some of the variables; 4) incorporate various kinds of cost functions; and 5) handle multiple loading conditions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 4 (1990), S. 309-320 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Entropy ; reliability ; redundancy ; water distribution networks ; nodal pair reliability
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Entropy based expressions for measurement of reliability and redundancy have recently been reported. These measures approach assessment of the reliability of the distribution network from the intrinsic redundancy of the network layout. The paper extends earlier work on entropy functions by including a more explicit statement of the alternate paths available in the network and by recognizing that under certain circumstances, e.g., failure of some part of the network work, an outflow link from a node under normal working condition may become an inflow link to the same node. The measures are assessed by comparison with parameters measuring Nodal Pair Reliability and percentage of flow supplied at adequate pressure for a range of networks and link failure conditions in this networks. The entropy measures are shown to reflect changes in the network reliability, as measured by these two comparative parameters, very well.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 5 (1991), S. 1-16 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Partial duration series ; unbiased risk ; Bayesian risk
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Conventional design practice aims at obtaining optimal estimates of floods with specified exceedance probabilities. Such estimates are, however, known on the average to be exceeded more frequently than expected. Alternatively, methods focusing on the expected exceedance probability can be used. Two different methods are considered here; the first is based on the sample distribution of true exceedance probabilities. The second is a Bayesian analogue using the likelihood function and a noninformative prior to describe the variability of exceedance probabilities. Appropriate analytical solutions are presented in both cases using the partial duration series approach.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 5 (1991), S. 55-68 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Bivariate probability distribution ; random variables ; zero marginals ; Finch-Groblicki method
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract A vivariate probability density function (pdf),f(x 1,x 2), admissible for two random variables (X 1,X 2), is of the form $$f(x_1 x_2 ) = f_1 (x_1 )f_2 (x_2 )[1 + \rho \{ F_1 (x_1 ),F_2 (x_2 )\} ]$$ where ρ(u, v) (u=F 1(x 1),v=F 2(x 2)) is any function on the unit square that is 0-marginal and bounded below by−1 andF 1(x 1) andF 2(x 2) are cumulative distribution functions (cdf) of marginal probability density functionsf 1(x 1) andf 2(x 2). The purpose of this study is to determinef(x 1,x 2) for different forms of ρ(u,v). By considering the rainfall intensity and the corresponding depths as dependent random variables, observed and computed probability distributionsF 1(x 1),F(x 1/x 2),F 2(x 2), andF(x 2/x 1) are compared for various forms of ρ(u,v). Subsequently, the best form of ρ(u,v) is specified.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 5 (1991), S. 77-87 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Flood ; random ; distribution ; estimation ; probability ; entropy ; fractile constraints
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The method of Relative Entropy with Fractile constraints (REF method) is explained and applied to model extreme compound hydrological phenomena, such as extreme sea levels under storm conditions. Also presented is a simple method of Tail Entropy Approximation (TEA), which amounts to a correction of traditional statistical estimates for extreme observations. Distribution assumptions are necessary but downplayed in the REF method, relegating the prior distribution to the role of an extrapolation function. The estimates are objective in an information-theoretical sense. They also satisfy a strict requirement of self-consistency that is generally not satisfied by standard statistical methods: invariance under monotonic transformations of the random variable. Historical records of storm surge levels in the Netherlands and annual maximum tidal heights for Sheerness, UK, are used as examples. Comparison is made with distributions obtained using other methods. It is concluded that the tail entropy approximation provides simple, objective estimates of extremes in the tail beyond the range of observations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 5 (1991), S. 125-134 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis ; random fields ; simulation ; non-homogeneous fields
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract In several fields of Geophysics, such as Hydrology, Meteorology or Oceanography, it is often useful to generate random fields, displaying the same variabilitity as the observed variables. Usually, these synthetic data are used as forcing fields into numerical models, to test the sensitivity of their outputs to the variability of the inputs. Examples can be found in subsurface or surface Hydrology and in Meteorology with General Circulation Models (GCM). Different techniques have already been proposed, often based on the spectral representation of the random process, with, usually, assumptions of stationarity. This paper suggests that Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis, which leads to the decomposition of the covariance kernel on the set of its eigen-functions, is a possible answer to this problem. The convergence and accuracy of the method are shown to depend mainly on the number of EOFs retained in the expansion of the covariance kemel. This result is confirmed by a comparison with the turning band method and a matrix technique. Furthermore, a synthetic example of non-homogencous fields shows the interest of EOF analysis in the direct simulation of such fields.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 5 (1991), S. 173-188 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Entropy ; spectral analysis ; streamflow forecasting ; univariate model
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract This paper, the first in a series of two, employs the principle of maximum entropy (POME) via maximum entropy spectral analysis (MESA) to develop a univariate model for long-term streamflow forecasting. Three cases of streamflow forecasting are investigated: forward forecasting, backward forecasting (or reconstruction) and intermittent forecasting (or filling in missing records). Application of the model is discussed in the second paper.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 5 (1991), S. 155-171 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Kinetic non-equilibrium ; residence time ; spatially variable chemical reactions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract A method for simulating field scale transport of kinetically adsorbing solutes is described. The non-equilibrium adsorption is modeled as a birth and death process and is coupled with the particle tracking approach using the first two moments of the distribution of the particle residence time, i.e., the time that a solute particle stays in the liquid phase. A single residence time distribution, regardless of the initial and final phase, is demonstrated to yield an accurate description of chemical kinetics in the vast majority of field scale problems. The first two moments of the residence time distribution are derived as a function of chemical reaction rates and the transport time interval Δt. It is shown that the first moment of the residence time represents a measure of the speed of the chemical reaction relative to the transport time scale Δt which is chosen depending on the velocity field. The second moment of the residence time reflects the relative importance of the chemical kinetics versus local equilibrium conditions for the given transport time step Δt. The simulated spatial moments of the contaminant plume are compared in the one-dimensional case with available analytical solutions to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed technique. A two-dimensional case for stratified formations is presented to study the transport behavior for heterogeneous velocity fields and variable distribution coefficient, hypothesized as being negatively correlated with hydraulic conductivity. The results show that the enhanced plume spreading and the statistics of the arrival time distribution appear to be more sensitive to the spatially variable distribution coefficient than to the kinetics alone. In fact, the second spatial moment was almost doubled in the case of spatially variable distribution coefficient.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 5 (1991), S. 239-251 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Parameter estimation ; maximum likelihood estimation ; stochastic partial differential equation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Part I of this series of two papers (Unny, 1989) dealt with the theoretical derivation of the moment equations for the stochastic partial differential equation in the water table depth forced by stochastic rainfall input. Part I also developed a maximum likelihood estimation procedure for parameter determination. The primary aim of the present manuscript is the application of the parameter estimation procedure to the Borden aquifer, an aquifer designated as an experimental site, where extensive field measurements have been carried out. Estimates of hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity for the Borden aquifer, derived from the maximum likelihood algorithm, have been compared with estimates obtained by “traditional” procedures. The paper also presents the simulated solution of the governing differential equation in the one dimensional problem applied to the Borden aquifer.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 5 (1991), S. 280-294 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 5 (1991), S. 261-266 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Drought ; drought indices
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Drought detection, monitoring and indices are closely related to its definition. The specific definition chosen for a particular drought analysis will affect the procedures one uses in drought detection and monitoring. The traditional Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) has been proven to be ineffective in regions of predominantly irrigated agriculture. The recently developed ALERT (Automated Local Evaluation in Real Time) system is proposed for use in monitoring the spatial and temporal variations of drought in real time. The ALERT system uses standardized instruments, radio frequencies, software and hardware. It was originally developed as a flash flood waming system by local flood control districts and the National Weather Service. However, now it has expanded to over 100 other uses in the areas of natural and man-made disaster detection and warning. The successful ALERT system indicates the need for the continued development of a national drought monitoring index that is applicable to a wide range of climate, hydrologic and water resource environments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 6 (1992), S. 1-2 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 7 (1993), S. 195-204 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Infinite dam ; resolvent operator ; Lévy process ; integrated Markov chain
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract We consider an infinite-capacity storage system. The cumulative input to the system is assumed to be either (a) a non-decreasing Lévy process or (b) an integrated continuous-time Markov chain. Reward accumulates at a rate depending on the instantaneous release rate. The objective is to choose the release rule in such a way as to maximize the expected total discounted return. In this note we show how to determine the expected discounted return when the release rate is either constant or a linear function of the content.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 7 (1993), S. 213-239 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Stochastic hydrology ; perturbation ; random fields ; graph theory
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract As is well known, a complete stochastic solution of the stochastic differential equation governing saturated groundwater flow leads to an infinite hierarchy of equations in terms of higher-order moments. Perturbation techniques are commonly used to close this hierarchy, using power-series expansions. These methods are applied by truncating the series after a finite number of terms, and products of random gradients of conductivity and head potential are neglected. Uncertainty regarding the number or terms required to yield a sufficiently accurate result is a significant drawback with the application of power series-based perturbation methods for such problems. Low-order series truncation may be incapable of representing fundamental characteristics of flow and can lead to physically unreasonable and inaccurate solutions of the stochastic flow equation. To support this argument, one-dimensional, steady-state, saturated groundwater flow is examined, for the case of a spatially distributed hydraulic conductivity field. An ordinary power-series perturbation method is used to approximate the mean head, using second-order statistics to characterize the conductivity field. Then an interactive perturbation approach is introduced, which yields improved results compared to low-order, power-series perturbation methods for situations where strong interactions exist between terms in such approximations. The interactive perturbation concept is further developed using Feynman-type diagrams and graph theory, which reduce the original stochastic flow problem to a closed set of equations for the mean and the covariance functions. Both theoretical and practical advantages of diagrammatic solutions are discussed; these include the study of bounded domains and large fluctuations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 8 (1994), S. 157-172 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Operator representations of stochastic subsurface flow equations allow writing their solutions implicitly or explicitly in terms of integro-differential expressions. Most of these representations involve Neumann series that must be truncated or otherwise approximated to become operational. It is often claimed that truncated Neumann series allow solving groundwater flow problems in the presence of arbitrarily large heterogeneities. Such claims have so far not been backed by convincing computational examples, and we present an analysis which suggests that they may not be justified on theoretical grounds. We describe an alternative operator representation due to Neuman and Orr (1993) which avoids the use of Neumann series yet accomplishes a similar purpose. It leads to a compact integro-differential form which provides considerable new insight into the nature of the solution. When written in terms of conditional moments, our new representation contains local and nonlocal effective parameters that depend on scale and information. As such, these parameters are not unique material properties but may change as more is learned about the flow system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 8 (1994), S. 185-205 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Contaminant transport ; adsorption ; decay ; random walk ; killing ; Kolmogorov equations ; contamination of a well
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract This study deals with the transport of a contaminant in groundwater. The contaminant is subject to first order decay or linear adsorption. Its displacement can be modeled by a random walk process in which particles are killed at exponentially distributed times. Dirichlet problems are derived for the rate and mean time at which contaminated particles reach a particular part of the boundary of a certain domain. These Dirichlet problems are solved asymptotically for two types of 2D-flow patterns: flow parallel to the boundary of a domain and arbitrary flow towards a well in an aquifer.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 8 (1994), S. 109-116 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Unsaturated ; nonlocal ; memory ; statistical physics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract As illustrated variously by wetting and drying scanning curves, flow in unsaturated porous media is inherently nonlocal. This nonlocality is also manifest in hysteresis in the classical Darcy conductivity. It is the authors' belief that most current theories of unsaturated/saturated flow are often inadequate, as they do not account for spatial nonlocality and memory. Here we provide a fundamental theory in which nonlocality of the flow constitutive theory is a natural consequence of force balances. The results are derived from general principles in statistical physics and under appropriate limiting conditions, the classical Darcy's Law is recovered for saturated flow. A notable departure in this theory from other nonlocal flow theories is that a classical Darcy type equation on a small scale need not exist.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 44
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 4 (1990), S. 1-26 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Inverse ; calibration ; estimation ; groundwater flow
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The development of stochastic methods for groundwater flow representation has undergone enormous expansion in recent years. The calibration of groundwater models, the inverse problem, has lately received comparable attention especially and almost exclusively from the stochastic perspective. In this review we trace the evolution of the methods to date with a specific view toward identifying the most important issues involved in the usefulness of the approaches. The methods are critiqued regarding practical usefulness, and future directions for requisite study are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 4 (1990), S. 55-64 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Predictive distribution ; Bayesian approximation ; parameter uncertainty ; non-informative prior ; method of moments ; Gumbel distribution ; maximum likelihood estimates
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract In this paper Lindley's Bayesian approximation procedure is used to obtain the Bayes estimate of the probability of exceedence of a flood discharge. The Bayes estimates of the probability of exceedence has been shown by S.K. Sinha to be equivalent to the estimate of the probability of exceedence from the predictive or Bayesian disribution, of a future flood discharge. The evaluation of complex ratios of multiple integrals common in a Bayesian analysis is not necessary using Lindley's procedure. The Bayes estimates are compared to those obtained by the method of maximum likelihood and the method of moments. The results show that Bayes estimates of the probability of exceedence are larger as expected, but have smaller posterior standard deviations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 4 (1990), S. 105-119 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Kalman filtering ; Optimal smoothing ; Shallow water equations ; Wind stress ; On-line prediction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Using the state space approach, an on-line filter procedure for combined wind stress identification and tidal flow forecasting is developed. The stochastic dynamic approach is based on the linear twodimensional shallow water equations. Using a finite difference scheme, a system representation of the model is obtained. To account for uncertainties, the system is embedded into a stochastic environment. By employing a Kalman filter, the on-line measurements of the water-level available can be used to identify and predict the shallow water flow. Because it takes a certain time before a fluctuation in the wind stress can be noticed in the water-level measurements, an optimal fixed-lag smoother is used to identify the stress.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 4 (1990), S. 135-150 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Radar ; rainfall prediction ; real-time prediction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract A computational method for the determination of rainfall distribution for applications in short term rainfall prediction is presented here. The method is strongly influenced by the experience gained from the observation and analysis of data gathered on a heavy rainfall event in 1986 that occurred during the Baiu Season in Japan. The method is based on the concept that rainfall occurs as an interaction between an instability field, appropriately modeled, and a field of water vapor under the influence of topography. The results from this computational method showed good agreement with the temporal variation in the rainband that moved across the observation field in 1986. Towards determination of the parameters in the computational model, another method for the determination of the rainfield is also developed. This second method determines the rainfall distribution from estimation of the conversion rate of water vapor to liquid water through use of data from a three dimensional scanning radar. The results are consistent with those obtained from the first method.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 4 (1990), S. 151-160 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph ; Conceptual models ; Stochastic differential equations
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Recognizing that simple watershed conceptual models such as the Nash cascade ofn equal linear reservoirs continue to be reasonable means to approximate the Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (IUH), it is natural to accept that random errors generated by climatological variability of data used in fitting an imprecise conceptual model will produce an IUH which is random itself. It is desirable to define the random properties of the IUH in a watershed in order to have a more realistic hydrologic application of this important function. Since in this case the IUH results from a series of differential equations where one or more of the uncertain parameters is treated in stochastic terms, then the statistical properties of the IUH are best described by the solution of the corresponding Stochastic Differential Equations (SDE's). This article attempts to present a methodology to derive the IUH in a small watershed by combining a classical conceptual model with the theory of SDE's. The procedure is illustrated with the application to the Middle Thames River, Ontario, Canada, and the model is verified by the comparison of the simulated statistical measures of the IUH with the corresponding observed ones with good agreement.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 5 (1991), S. 45-54 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Solute transport ; random velocity ; Lagrangian description ; travel time ; nonlinear effects
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The problem of one-dimensional transport of passive solute by a random steady velocity field is investigated. This problem is representative of solute movement in porous media, for example, in vertical flow through a horizontally stratified formation of variable porosity with a constant flux at the soil surface. Relating moments of particle travel time and displacement, exact expressions for the advection and dispersion coefficients in the Focker-Planck equation are compared with the perturbation results for large distances. The first- and second-order approximations for the dispersion coefficient are robust for a lognormal velocity field. The mean Lagrangian velocity is the harmonic mean of the Eulerian velocity for large distances. This is an artifact of one-dimensional flow where the continuity equation provides for a divergence free fluid flux, rather than a divergence free fluid velocity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 5 (1991), S. 89-104 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Overland flows ; nonlinear SPDE ; evolutionary probability distributions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract A theoretical solution framework to the nonlinear stochastic partial differential equations (SPDE) of the kinematic wave and diffusion wave models of overland flows under stochastic inflows/outflows, stochastic surface roughness field and stochastic state of flows was obtained. This development was realized by means of an eigenfunction representation of the time-space overland flow depths, and by transforming the problem into the phase space. By using Van Kampen's lemma and the cumulant expansion theory of Kubo-Van Kampen-Fox, the deterministic partial differential equation (PDE) for the evolutionary probability density function (pdf) of overland flow depths was finally obtained. Once this deterministic PDE is solved for the time-varying pdf of overland flow depths, then the time-space varying pdf of overland flow depths can be obtained by a transformation given in the text. In this solution framework it is possible to incorporate the stochastic dynamic behavior of the parameters and of the forcing functions of the overland flow process. For example, not only the individual rainfall duration and fluctuating rain intensity characteristics but also the sequential behavior of rainfall patterns is incorporated into the evolutionary probability density function of overland flow depths.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 6 (1992), S. 5-25 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Solute transport ; Heterogeneity ; Dispersion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Macrodispersion is spreading of a substance induced by spatial variations in local advective velocity at field scales. Consider the case that the steady-state seepage velocity and the local dispersion coefficients in a heterogeneous formation may be modeled as periodic in all directions in an unbounded domain. The equations satisfied by the first two spatial moments of the concentration are derived for the case of a conservative non-reacting solute. It is shown that the moments can be calculated from the solution of well-defined deterministic boundary value problems. Then, it is described how the rate of increase of the first two moments can be calculated at large times using a Taylor-Aris analysis as generalized by Brenner. It is demonstrated that the second-order tensor of macrodispersion (or effective dispersion) can be computed through the solution of steady-state boundary-value problems followed by the determination of volume averages. The analysis is based solely on volume averaging and is not limited by the assumption that the fluctuations are small. The large-time results are valid when the system is in a form of equilibrium in which a tagged particle samples all locations in an appropriately defined “phase space” with equal probability.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 52
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 6 (1992), S. 89-101 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Detention storage ; Pollution control ; Non-point pollutant runoff
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract A simple expression is presented on the capability of storage-treatment systems to reduce non-point pollutant runoff load to natural waters. Their efficiency depends on the capacities of the facilities and probabilistic properties of runoff, such as interval, duration, volume, and concentration of runoff events. Assuming the compound Poisson process for runoff time series, the exact expressions of the ratio of treated load in terms of storage and treatment capacities are theoretically derived on the neighbourhoods of all boundaries of the domain on which the problem is defined. Then, an approximate expression over the whole domain is presented, of which the value and the first-order derivative coincide with those of the exact derived expressions near the boundaries. Accuracy is checked by Monte Carlo simulations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 6 (1992), S. 55-68 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Drought severity ; Drought duration ; Renewal-reward process
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract This research study focused on the hypothesis that extreme drought and high streamflow events come from different independent populations with different probability distributions which need to be studied separately, rather than considering the streamflow population as a whole. The inability of traditional streamflow generator models to consistently reproduce the frequency of occurrence of severe droughts observed in the historical record has been questioned by many researchers. Our study focused on the development of astochastic event generator model which would be capable of doing so. This was accomplished in a two-step process by first generating the drought event, and then deriving the streamflows which comprised that event. The model considered for this analysis was an alternating renewal-reward procedure that cycles between eventon andoff times, and is representative of drought or high streamflow event duration. The reward gained while the event ison oroff represents drought severity or high streamflow surplus. Geometric and gamma distributions were considered for drought duration and deficit respectively. Model validation was performed using calculated required capacities from the sequent peak algorithm.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 6 (1992), S. 103-121 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Probabilistic model ; Sensitivity ; Contaminant transport
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract A reliability approach is used to develop a probabilistic model of two-dimensional non-reactive and reactive contaminant transport in porous media. The reliability approach provides two important quantitative results: an estimate of the probability that contaminant concentration is exceeded at some location and time, and measures of the sensitivity of the probabilistic outcome to likely changes in the uncertain variables. The method requires that each uncertain variable be assigned at least a mean and variance; in this work we also incorporate and investigate the influence of marginal probability distributions. Uncertain variables includex andy components of average groundwater flow velocity,x andy components of dispersivity, diffusion coefficient, distribution coefficient, porosity and bulk density. The objective is to examine the relative importance of each uncertain variable, the marginal distribution assigned to each variable, and possible correlation between the variables. Results utilizing a two-dimensional analytical solution indicate that the probabilistic outcome is generally very sensitive to likely changes in the uncertain flow velocity. Uncertainty associated with dispersivity and diffusion coefficient is often not a significant issue with respect to the probabilistic analysis; therefore, dispersivity and diffusion coefficient can often be treated for practical analysis as deterministic constants. The probabilistic outcome is sensitive to the uncertainty of the reaction terms for early times in the flow event. At later times, when source contaminants are released at constant rate throughout the study period, the probabilistic outcome may not be sensitive to changes in the reaction terms. These results, although limited at present by assumptions and conceptual restrictions inherent to the closed-form analytical solution, provide insight into the critical issues to consider in a probabilistic analysis of contaminant transport. Such information concerning the most important uncertain parameters can be used to guide field and laboratory investigations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 6 (1992), S. 191-207 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Hydrodynamic dispersion ; Fokker-Planck equation ; backward equation ; boundary layer ; complex potential function ; fraction of contaminated particles that enter a well
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract In this paper we describe the transport of pollution in groundwater in the neighbourhood of a well in a uniform background flow. We compute the rate at which contaminated particles reach the well as a function of the place of the source of pollution. The motion of a particle in a dispersive flow is seen as a random walk process. The Fokker-Planck equation for the random motion of a particle is transformed using the complex potential for the advective flow field. The resulting equation is solved asymptotically after a stretching transformation. Finally, the analytical solution is compared with results from Monte Carlo simulations with the random walk model. The method can be extended to arbitrary flow fields. Then by a numerical coordinate transformation the analytical results can still be employed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 6 (1992), S. 255-269 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Emprical Orthogonal Functions ; interpolating runoff ; kriging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The method of Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF method) is combined with an objective interpolation technique, kriging, to generate runoff series at ungauged locations. In a case study the results are compared to series interpolated by a combination of EOF analysis and regression using catchment characteristics as independent variables. The results are also compared to linear weighting of an existing runoff series, a commonly used method for spatial interpolation. The influence of altitude on the runoff is studied comparing kriging based on 2 and 3 coordinates. The study showed that the capacity of EOF analysis combined with kriging is as good as the traditionally used linear weighting. The results, when altitude is included in the kriging, are improved.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 57
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 6 (1992), S. 270-288 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Periodicities ; hydraulic cycle ; spectral methods
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Periodicites in hydrologic data are frequently estimated and studied. In some cases the periodic components are subtracted from the data to obtain the stochastic components. In other cases the physical reasons for the occurrence of these periodicities are investigated. Apart from the annual cycle in the hydrologic data, periods corresponding to the 11 year sunspot cycle, the Hale cycle and others have been detected. The conclusions from most of these studies depend on the reliability and robustness of the methods used to detect these periodicities. Several spectral analysis methods have been proposed to investigate periodicities in time series data. Several of these have been compared to each other. The methods by Siddiqui and Wang and by Damsleth and Spjotvoll, which are stepwise procedures of spectrum estimation, have not been evaluated. Two of the methods of spectral analysis proposed by Siddiqui and Wang and by Damsleth and Spjotvoll are investigated in this study by using generated and observed data. Siddiqui and Wang's method is found to be superior to the Damsleth and Spjotvoll's method.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 6 (1992), S. 289-303 
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Stream flow series ; shot-noise model ; sadolle-point approximation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract In this paper we consider the shot-noise model of streamflow series. We show how design discharge can be obtained by the stochastic intensity of thinned Poisson processes describing the peaks over a threshold. The main result concerns the stationary distribution of peaks. We derive an explicit expression for this limit distribution in terms of its Laplace transform. Approximation formulas are developed making use of the saddle point method for the asymptotic evaluation of contour integrals and the Post-Widder formula for inversion of Laplace transforms. We illustrate this methods on the case of Gamma-distributed shots. The stationary peak distribution is used to approximate the maximum value distribution for larger time intervals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 19 (1980), S. 300-312 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Equilibrium Prices ; Nonconvex Mathematical Programming ; Shadow Prices
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract In this paper a definition is proposed for the concept of shadow prices in nonconvex programming. For a nonlinear program with equality and inequality constraints, existence of these prices and bounds for their possible values are obtained under the Mangasarian—Fromowitz regularity condition. Their exact values and some continuity properties are obtained under the more restrictive linear independence regularity condition. A definition of equilibrium prices is also proposed. Under convexity assumptions, all definitions and results coincide with those already known on this subject in convex programming.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 19 (1980), S. 313-327 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Retrogressing Paths ; Homotopy Method ; Fixed-point Algorithm
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract For certain functionsf fromR n toR n , the Eaves—Saigal algorithm computes a path inR n × (0, 1] which converges to a zero off. In this case, it is shown that even whenf is of classC ∞ and has a unique zero, the converging path may retrogress infinitely many times.
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  • 61
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 190-203 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Complementarity Problem ; Cones ; Topological Degree
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract In this paper we consider the problem of establishing the number of solutions to the complementarity problem. For the case when the Jacobian of the mapping has all principal minors negative, and satisfies a condition at infinity, we prove that the problem has either 0, 1, 2 or 3 solutions. We also show that when the Jacobian has all principal minors positive, and satisfies a condition at infinity, the problem has a unique solution.
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  • 62
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 233-234 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Polytope ; Subdivision ; Simplex ; Volume ; Centroid
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract Subdivisions of polytopes are described which place any chosen vertex in a (near-) minimal number of simplices. Ancillary procedures to find volumes and centroids of polytopes are indicated.
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  • 63
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 301-318 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Semi-infinite Programs ; Open Helly-type Theorems ; Finite Subprograms ; Convex Programs ; Multi-criteria Programs ; Quasi-convex Programs ; Quasi-differentiable Programs
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract We show that a semi-infinite quasi-convex program with certain regularity conditions possesses finitely constrained subprograms with the same optimal value. This result is applied to various problems.
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  • 64
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 348-356 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Multi-extremal Optimization ; Multinomial Distribution ; Bayes Estimate ; Monte Carlo
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract The solution of ak-extremal problem is defined as the set of pairs (x i * , θi),i = 1, ⋯ ,k, where x t * isi th local minimum andθ i is the volume of the set of attraction of this minimum. A Bayesian estimate ofk and (θ 1 , ⋯ , θ k ) is constructed.
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  • 65
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    Mathematical programming 22 (1982), S. 71-81 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Blocking ; Antiblocking ; Polarity ; Penumbra
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract E. Johnson has recently shown that the concept of a penumbra leads to a simple geometric description of the blocker and antiblocker of a given set. Here we develop some basic results on penumbras which permit us to slightly generalize and simplify results on their relationship to blocking and antiblocking theory. In addition, motivated by the obvious symmetry of our results, we examine the effect of reversing the blocking and antiblocking operations.
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  • 66
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    Mathematical programming 22 (1982), S. 121-121 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
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  • 67
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    Mathematical programming 22 (1982), S. 148-162 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Set Covering Problem ; Median Problem ; Location Problems ; Heuristics ; Worst Case Analysis ; Continuous Location Problem
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract We describe in this paper polynomial heuristics for three important hard problems—the discrete fixed cost median problem (the plant location problem), the continuous fixed cost median problem in a Euclidean space, and the network fixed cost median problem with convex costs. The heuristics for all the three problems guarantee error ratios no worse than the logarithm of the number of customer points. The derivation of the heuristics is based on the presentation of all types of median problems discussed as a set covering problem.
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  • 68
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    Mathematical programming 22 (1982), S. 227-230 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Minimax ; Nonconvex Optimization ; Stationary Points
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract We give a short proof that in a convex minimax optimization problem ink dimensions there exist a subset ofk + 1 functions such that a solution to the minimax problem with thosek + 1 functions is a solution to the minimax problem with all functions. We show that convexity is necessary, and prove a similar theorem for stationary points when the functions are not necessarily convex but the gradient exists for each function.
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  • 69
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    Mathematical programming 18 (1980), S. 186-196 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Weber's Problem ; Weiszfeld's Method ; Optimal Location
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract For solving the Euclidean distance Weber problem Weiszfeld proposed an iterative method. This method can also be applied to generalized Weber problems in Banach spaces. Examples for generalized Weber problems are: minimal surfaces with obstacles, Fermat's principle in geometrical optics and brachistochrones with obstacles.
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  • 70
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    Mathematical programming 18 (1980), S. 84-88 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Complementary Pivot Algorithms ; Triangulations ; Vector Labels ; Borsuk's Theorem on Antipodal Points
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract In this short note a simple and constructive proof is given for Borsuk's theorem on antipodal points. This is done through a special application of the complementary pivoting algorithm.
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  • 71
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    Mathematical programming 18 (1980), S. 110-110 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
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  • 72
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    Mathematical programming 18 (1980), S. 155-168 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Constrained Optimization ; Differential Equation ; Global Solution ; Nonlinear Programming
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract A new method is presented for finding a local optimum of the equality constrained nonlinear programming problem. A nonlinear autonomous system is introduced as the base of the theory instead of usual approaches. The relation between critical points and local optima of the original optimization problem is proved. Asymptotic stability of the critical points is also proved. A numerical algorithm which is capable of finding local optima systematically at the quadratic rate of convergence is developed from a detailed analysis of the nature of trajectories and critical points. Some numerical results are given to show the efficiency of the method.
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  • 73
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    Mathematical programming 18 (1980), S. 215-227 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Frank—Wolfe Theorem ; Quadratic Programming ; Norm Coercive Functions ; Polyhedral Sets
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract The Frank—Wolfe theorem states that a quadratic function, bounded below on a nonempty polyhedral convex set, attains its infimum there. This paper gives sufficient conditions under which a function either attains its infimum on a nonempty polyhedral convex set or is unbounded below on some halfline of that set. Quadratic functions are shown to satisfy these sufficient conditions.
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  • 74
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    Mathematical programming 18 (1980), S. 248-273 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Legendre Transform ; Stationary Points ; Convex Functions ; Duality
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract In this work non-convex programs are analyzed via Legendre transform. The first part includes definitions and the classification of programs that can be handled by the transformation. It is shown that differentiable functions that are represented as a sum of strictly concave and convex functions belong to this class. Conditions under which a function may have such representation are given. Pseudo duality is defined and the pseudo duality theorem for non linear programs with equality constraints is proved. The techniques described are constructive ones, and they enable tocalculate explicitly a pseudo dual once the primal program is given. Several examples are included. In the convex case these techniques enable the explicit calculation of the dual even in cases where direct calculation was not possible.
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  • 75
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    Mathematical programming 18 (1980), S. 286-290 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Facility Location ; Steiner's Problem ; Location on the Sphere
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract This note describes the nature of optimal solutions for the spherical Steiner-Weber location problem for the case of unit weights and either 3 or 4 demand points (requireing 4 demand points to lie in an open hemisphere). Geometrically appealing results which are necessary conditions for optimum solutions and spherical analogs of known planar results are obtained.
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  • 76
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    Mathematical programming 24 (1982), S. 257-268 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Nondifferentiable Programming ; Convex Analysis ; Sensivity Analysis ; Duality Theory ; Second Order Derivative ; Second Order Methods
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract We study differential properties of the support function of the∈-subdifferential of a convex function; applications in algorithmics are also given.
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  • 77
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    Mathematical programming 18 (1980), S. 62-67 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Economic Interpretation ; Mathematical Programming ; Duality ; Stochastic Programming
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract The purpose of this note is to interpret a class of stochastic programming problems in economic terms. The primal stochastic program is shown to represent a certain production program of an entrepreneur. The dual program, which is also a stochastic program, represents the problem of a contractor who desires to purchase the entrepreneur's resources and sell product back to him.
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  • 78
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 120-120 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
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  • 79
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 319-330 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Nonlinear Programming ; Geometric Programming ; Duality Theory
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract The several published methods for mapping a dual solution estimate to a primal solution estimate in posynomial geometric programming provide no criteria for deciding how much deviation from primal feasibility, or discrepancy between the primal and dual objective function values, should be permitted before the primal solution estimate is accepted by the designer. This paper presents a new and simple dual-to-primal conversion method that uses the cost coefficients to provide a sound economic criterion for determining when to accept a primal solution estimate. The primal solution estimate generated is the exact solution to a modified primal obtained from the given primal by modifying the cost coefficients, with the exponent matrix left unchanged. The method is shown to have desirable properties when coupled with a convergent dual algorithm.
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  • 80
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    Mathematical programming 22 (1982), S. 93-103 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Linear Programming ; Relaxation Method ; Polynomiality
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract A class of linear programs is given in which the relaxation method for inequalities, under the same operating rules as Khacian's method, is not polynomial in the length of the input. This result holds for any value of the relaxation parameter.
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  • 81
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    Mathematical programming 22 (1982), S. 117-120 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Augmenting Path Algorithm ; Boolean Lattice ; Jordan-Hölder Theorem ; Matroid Intersection
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract It is noted that the decomposition of a network presented by J.C. Picard and M. Queyranne through an algorithmic argument may be defined from a general lattice-theoretic result for more general problems for which the equalities of maximum-flow minimum-cut type hold.
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  • 82
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    Mathematical programming 22 (1982), S. 163-201 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Geometric Programming ; Code Comparisons ; Numerical Testing ; Nonlinear Programming
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract Ten codes or code variants were used to solve the five equivalent posynomial GP problem formulations. Four of these codes were general NLP codes; six were specialized GP codes. A total of forty-two test problems was solved with up to twenty randomly generated starting points per problem. The convex primal formulation is shown to be intrinsically easiest to solve. The general purpose GRG code called OPT appears to be the most efficient code for GP problem solution. The reputed superiority of the specialized GP codes GGP and GPKTC appears to be largely due to the fact that these codes solve the convex primal formulation. The dual approaches are only likely to be competitive for small degree of difficulty, tightly constrained problems.
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  • 83
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    Mathematical programming 22 (1982), S. 231-235 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Integer Programming ; Covering
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract LetA be a non-negative matrix with integer entries and no zero column. The integer round-up property holds forA if for every integral vectorw the optimum objective value of the generalized covering problem min{1y: yA ≥ w, y ≥ 0 integer} is obtained by rounding up to the nearest integer the optimum objective value of the corresponding linear program. A polynomial time algorithm is presented that does the following: given any generalized covering problem with constraint matrixA and right hand side vectorw, the algorithm either finds an optimum solution vector for the covering problem or else it reveals that matrixA does not have the integer round-up property.
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  • 84
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 1-18 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Game Theory ; Cost Allocation ; Spanning Tree
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract We consider the problem of cost allocation among users of a minimum cost spanning tree network. It is formulated as a cooperative game in characteristic function form, referred to as a minimum cost spanning tree (m.c.s.t.) game. We show that the core of a m.c.s.t. game is never empty. In fact, a point in the core can be read directly from any minimum cost spanning tree graph associated with the problem. For m.c.s.t. games with efficient coalition structures we define and construct m.c.s.t. games on the components of the structure. We show that the core and the nucleolus of the original game are the cartesian products of the cores and the nucleoli, respectively, of the induced games on the components of the efficient coalition structure.
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  • 85
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 119-119 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
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  • 86
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 121-136 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Linear Programming ; Polynomial Algorithms ; Total Unimodularity
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract This paper describes several algorithms for solution of linear programs. The algorithms are polynomial when the problem data satisfy certain conditions.
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  • 87
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 182-189 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Equilibrium ; Linear Monetary Economy ; Linear Programming
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract An algorithm is presented for computing equilibria in a linear monetary economy, that is, an exchange economy in which all individuals have linear utility functions and in which goods are bought and sold only in exchange for money. The algorithm computes the equilibrium prices by solving a finite sequence of linear programming problems.
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  • 88
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 229-232 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Primal Feasible Basis ; Dual Feasible Basis ; Basic Variable ; Nonbasic Variable ; Optimal Basic Solution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract In a recent paper M.C. Cheng proposed new criteria for the simplex algorithm which guarantee that (i) a nonbasic variable of a basic feasible solution will remain nonbasic in an optimal basic solution, (ii) a basic variable of a basic solution will remain basic in an optimal basic solution. This comment gives (i) a slight generalization of the first result and (ii) a counterexample to the second proposition.
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  • 89
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 240-240 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
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  • 90
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 241-261 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Dual problem ; Duality Theory ; Optimality Conditions ; Price Functions ; Nonlinear Programming ; Integer Programming
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract We survey some recent developments in duality theory with the idea of explaining and unifying certain basic duality results in both nonlinear and integer programming. The idea of replacing dual variables (prices) by price functions, suggested by Everett and developed by Gould, is coupled with an appropriate dual problem with the consequence that many of the results resemble those used in linear programming. The dual problem adopted has a (traditional) economic interpretation and dual feasibility then provides a simple alternative to concepts such as conjugate functions or subdifferentials used in the study of optimality. In addition we attempt to make precise the relationship between primal, dual and saddlepoint results in both the traditional Lagrangean and the more general duality theories and to see the implications of passing from prices to price functions. Finally, and perhaps surprisingly, it appears that all the standard algorithms terminate by constructing primal and dual feasible solutions of equal value, i.e., by satisfying generalised optimality conditions.
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  • 91
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    Mathematical programming 21 (1981), S. 358-358 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
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  • 92
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    Mathematical programming 22 (1982), S. 12-38 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Graph ; Matching ; Branching ; Linear Programming ; Polyhedron
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract Matching forests generalize branchings in a directed graph and matchings in an undirected graph. We present an efficient algorithm, the PMF Algorithm, for the problem: given a mixed graphG and a real weight on each of its edges, find a perfect matching forest of maximum weight-sum. The PMF Algorithm proves the sufficiency of a linear system which definesP = (G) andP(G), the convex hull of incidence vectors of perfect matching forests and matching forests respectively ofG. The algorithm also provides a generalization of Tutte's theorem on the existence of perfect matchings in an undirected graph.
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  • 93
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    Mathematical programming 22 (1982), S. 122-123 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
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  • 94
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    Mathematical programming 22 (1982), S. 141-147 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Integer Rounding ; Pluperfect Graphs ; Combinatorial Optimization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract LetA be a nonnegative integral matrix with no zero columns. Theinteger round-up property holds forA if for each nonnegative integral vectorw, the solution value to the integer programming problem min{1 ⋅y: yA ≥ w, y ≥ 0, y integer} is obtained by rounding up to the nearest integer the solution value to the corresponding linear programming problem min{1 ⋅y: yA ≥ w, y ≥ 0}. Theinteger round-down property is similarly defined for a nonnegative integral matrixB with no zero rows by considering max{1 ⋅y: yB ≤ w, y ≥ 0, y integer} and its linear programming correspondent. It is shown that the integer round-up and round-down properties can be checked through a finite process. The method of proof motivates a new and elementary proof of Fulkerson's Pluperfect Graph Theorem.
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  • 95
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    Mathematical programming 22 (1982), S. 236-237 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
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  • 96
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    Mathematical programming 22 (1982), S. 304-315 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Location Theory ; Tree Networks ; Rigid Circuit Graphs ; Polynomial Algorithms
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract We discuss several forms of thep-center location problems on an undirected tree network. Our approach is based on utilizing results for rigid circuit graphs to obtain polynomial algorithms for solving the model. Duality theory on perfect graphs is used to define and solve the dual location model.
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  • 97
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    Mathematical programming 23 (1982), S. 111-116 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Multicriteria Optimization ; Convex Analysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract Existence and characterization theorems for the efficient (nondominated) set of decisions inR n are presented. The existence is proved when the set of decisions satisfies some compactness conditions. The efficient set is characterized in terms of the exposed efficient decisions when certain convexity and compactness conditions are satisfied.
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  • 98
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    Mathematical programming 23 (1982), S. 170-180 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Set Covering ; Heuristic Algorithms ; Worst Case Analysis ; Bounds
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract In [2], Chvatal provided the tight worst case bound of the set covering greedy heuristic. We considered a general class of greedy type set covering heuristics. Their worst case bounds are dominated by that of the greedy heuristic.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 23 (1982), S. 216-226 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Nonsmooth Optimization ; Subgradient ; Subdifferential ; Bundle Type Method ; Deletion Rule ; Resetting
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract A numerical method for the unconstrained minimization of a convex nonsmooth function of several variables is presented. It is closely related to the ‘bundle type’ approach and to the conjugate subgradient method. A way is suggested to reduce the amount of information to be stored during the computational procedure. Global convergence of the method to the minimum is proved.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 23 (1982), S. 326-340 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Optimization ; Quasi-Newton ; Conjugate Gradient
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract In this paper we study conjugate gradient algorithms for large optimization problems. These methods accelerate (or precondition) the conjugate gradient method by means of quasi-Newton matrices, and are designed to utilize a variable amount of storage, depending on how much information is retained in the quasi-Newton matrices. We are concerned with the behaviour of such methods on the underlying quadratic model, and in particular, with finite termination properties.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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