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  • Organic Chemistry  (714)
  • Humans
  • 1980-1984  (1,030)
  • 1981  (1,030)
  • 11
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    Slow-wave sleep: a recovery period after exercise (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-11
    Description: Sleep recordings were carried out on athletes on four successive nights after completing a 92-kilometer road race. Significant increases in total sleep time and slow-wave sleep were found after this metabolic stress. The results show a definite exercise effect on sleep and support sleep-restoration hypotheses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shapiro, C M -- Bortz, R -- Mitchell, D -- Bartel, P -- Jooste, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1253-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302594" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Humans ; *Physical Exertion ; Running ; Sleep Stages/*physiology ; Sleep, REM/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 12
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    Opportunities for the handicapped (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1196.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6458089" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Disabled Persons ; *Employment ; Humans ; *Patient Advocacy ; *Prejudice ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 13
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    Disappearance of stabilized chromatic gratings (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-11
    Description: When the image of a stationary, sinusoidal luminance grating is stabilized on the retina of a human subject, he becomes unable to detect this stimulus at contrasts that are readily visible in normal, unstabilized vision. At much higher contrasts, such stabilized gratings can still be seen over most of the normal range of spatial frequencies, although the threshold contrast may be increased by as much as 20 or 30 times. When the analogous experiment is performed with an isoluminance chromatic grating, however, there is no contrast that can restore the visibility of the stabilized grating; the threshold elevations for stabilized chromatic gratings are too great to measure. Saturated red/green gratings fade out and disappear at 100 percent contrast (even where this is 45 times the unstabilized threshold), and they do not reappear as long as stabilization is maintained. Without some kind of temporal variation of the proximal stimulus, the opponent-color pathways apparently do not respond to spatial patterns.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kelly, D H -- EY 01128/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1257-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302596" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Color ; Humans ; Photic Stimulation ; Retina/*physiology ; Sensory Thresholds ; *Vision, Ocular
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Cline loses two NIH grants (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1220.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302590" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA, Recombinant/*therapeutic use ; *Ethics, Medical ; Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; Humans ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; Thalassemia/therapy ; United States ; recently issued a second set of sanctions against Martin Cline for violating its ; regulations governing recombinant DNA research and human experimentation. Cline ; is the UCLA professor who prematurely conducted the first gene therapy ; experiments in humans in July 1980. Acting NIH director Thomas Malone accepted ; the recommendations of the advisory councils of the three institutes funding ; Cline: the Heart Institute terminated its grant to Cline ; the Arthritis Institute ; decided to continue funding him for nonclinical research ; and the Cancer ; Institute terminated one of Cline's two grants.
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    The world food situation and global grain prospects (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: The basic realities of the distribution of the world's population, wealth, and agricultural production base are not conducive to an automatic stabilizing process for the world's hungry. Increasing volatility in the world grain production in the 1980's could create a problem of major proportions. By 1990, the developed world will account for 24 percent of the world's population, 85 percent of the world's economic activity, and around 50 percent of the world's grain production and consumption. On a per capita basis, the developed world will consume nearly three times as much grain as the developing countries which account for three-fourths of the world's population. Increased food aid, which is essential, is not the solution to the basic problem. The low-income countries need a massive infusion of capital investment, research support, and education if they are to build infrastructures that have the capacity to produce, distribute, and market food supplies. Other options serve only to prolong and aggravate the current disparities.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barr, T N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1087-95.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302579" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Climate ; Developing Countries ; Edible Grain ; *Food Supply ; Humans ; *Population
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    FDA approves hepatitis B vaccine (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1113.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302582" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Hepatitis B/*prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/*standards ; Humans ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration ; *Vaccines
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Endogenous opiates and stress-induced eating (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Antelman, S M -- Rowland, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1149-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Endorphins/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects/*physiology ; Humans ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Stress, Psychological/*physiopathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Regulation of leucine metabolism in man: a stable isotope study (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: Leucine catabolism is regulated by either of the first two degradative steps: (reversible) transamination to the keto acid or subsequent decarboxylation. A method is described to measure rates of leucine transamination, reamination, and keto acid oxidation. The method is applied directly to humans by infusing the nonradioactive tracer, L-[15N,1-13C]leucine. Leucine transamination was found to be operating several times faster than the keto acid decarboxylation and to be of equal magnitude in adult human males under two different dietary conditions, postabsorptive and fed. These results indicate that decarboxylation, not transamination, is the rate-limiting step in normal human leucine metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matthews, D E -- Bier, D M -- Rennie, M J -- Edwards, R H -- Halliday, D -- Millward, D J -- Clugston, G A -- AM-25994/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HD-10667/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR-00954/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Carbon Isotopes ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Leucine/*metabolism ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Oxidation-Reduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Risk and benefit in environmental law (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: Judicial review establishes whether the mandate of Congress is observed by an agency's rule-making mechanisms for setting environmental standards or other regulations. Central issues in risk assessment now include whether a risk is significant, what the burden of proof for significance is, how to resolve the tension between the effort to reduce hazardous exposures and the goal of efficient regulation, and precisely how and in what detail the costs of regulation must be measured. Under current regulatory statutes, there are several paradigms for balancing costs and benefits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ricci, P F -- Molton, L S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1096-100.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302580" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carcinogens ; *Environment ; Environmental Pollution ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; *Legislation as Topic ; Risk ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Inhibition of purine nucleoside phosphorylase by 8-aminoguanosine: selective toxicity for T lymphoblasts (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: The guanosine analog 8-aminoguanosine is an effective inhibitor of the purine degradative enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase, both in vitro and in intact lymphoid cells. In a human lymphoblast tissue culture system, 8-aminoguanosine, in combination with low concentrations of 2'-deoxyguanosine, causes toxicity toward T cells but not B cells. The selective T cell toxicity correlates with increased accumulation of deoxyguanosine triphosphate in the treated T lymphoblasts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kazmers, I S -- Mitchell, B S -- Dadonna, P E -- Wotring, L L -- Townsend, L B -- Kelley, W N -- AM 19045/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- CA 26032/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 26284/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1137-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6795718" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: B-Lymphocytes/enzymology ; Cell Line ; Deoxyguanosine/pharmacology ; Guanosine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Pentosyltransferases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects/*enzymology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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