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  • Artikel  (95)
  • Electron microscopy  (38)
  • Turbellaria  (35)
  • Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde  (22)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 33 (1981), S. 143-151 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Calcium transport ; Cytochalasin B ; Dihydrocytochalasin B ; Colchicine ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary In vivo calcium absorption was studied in normal and rachitic chicks. Cytochalasin B (CB) at a concentration of 25 µg/ml added to the medium inside the duodenal lumen inhibited calcium absorption (20 min) from 82.5±1.9% of calcium absorbed in the controls to 59.2±3% in normal and from 70.0±2.3% to 47.0±2.1% in rachitic chicks. In vitro studies by everted ileal sacs of young rabbits also showed an inhibition of active transport of calcium due to CB. Whereas in the controls the ratio of45Ca concentrations in serosal and mucosal media (60 min) was 7.2±0.32, the ratios were 5.24±0.52; 4.40±0.36; 3.40±0.42; 5.77±0.52; 1.38±0.08; and 1.06±0.02 in the presence of CB at concentrations of 5, 10 and 25 µg/ml; colchicine 10−4M, Na citrate 0.02M, and heat-devitalized conditions, respectively.45Ca concentration in the mucosal scrapings was also affected. It showed an increase from controls (15,101±404 cpm/mg) and correlated with CB concentration: 17,378±489, 19,015±1000, and 20,201±362 at 5, 10, and 25 µg/ml, respectively. Dihydrocytochalasin B also inhibited active calcium transport and caused an increase in45Ca concentration in the mucosal scrapings. Correlated electron microscopic studies showed certain changes in the brush border, especially in some actin microfilaments in the terminal web region. It seems that these morphological alterations may be related to transcytoplasmic movement of calcium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 33 (1981), S. 381-384 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Alcohol ; Electron microscopy ; Growth plate
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary We have previously demonstrated that ethanol has a direct toxic effect on the rat skeleton characterized by decreased trabecular bone volume. In the present study, we examined the ultrastructure of the distal radial epiphyseal growth plates in these same animals. Eight weeks of ethanol administration to 12 male rats results in serum alcohol levels of 140 mg/dl but did not alter the width or light microscopic appearance of the radial growth plate. Quantitative electron microscopy failed to demonstrate morphologic evidence of toxicity in the skeletal cells. We conclude that although ethanol appears to have a direct effect on rat bone characterized by enhanced resorption, toxicity is not attended by ultrastructural changes in the skeletal cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 33 (1981), S. 529-540 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone cells ; Electron microscopy ; PTH ; PGE1
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Four different cell populations—designated PF, OB, OC, and PC—were isolated from calvaria of 18-day-old chick embryos for analysis of the effects of hormones on bone tissue. The cell populations were studied with histological and biochemical methods. Apart from the well-known cell types present in calvaria, a new cell type was found in the noncalcified organic matrix between the osteoblastic layer and the calcified matrix. These cells were provisionally called osteocytic osteoblasts. They represent the “transition state” between osteoblasts and osteocytes. On the basis of histological studies with light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the PF population was considered to originate primarily from the periosteal fibroblasts, the OB population from the osteoblasts and osteocytic osteoblasts. The population of cells still present in calvaria after removal of periosteal fibroblasts and osteoblasts was called the OC population. This cell population was very much enriched with osteocytes. The fourth isolated population (PC) was a mixed population of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and preosteoblasts. On exposure to parathyroid hormone (PTH), all four cell populations showed increased lactate production, but only the OB and OC populations displayed increased cAMP production. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) stimulated cAMP production in both OB and PF cells. From the results of this study it was concluded that PTH receptors are present on all of the cell types studied, but that occupancy of the receptor induces adenylate cyclase stimulation only in osteocytes and fully differentiated osteoblasts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 33 (1981), S. 119-124 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Avian eggshell ; Microstructure ; Electron microscopy ; Electron diffraction ; Calcite growth
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary The eggshell of the domestic fowl has been studied by transmission electron microscopy and diffraction. Thin sections of shell were prepared by chemical and ion-beam thinning techniques. Each calcite column of the palisade layer consisted of crystallites of diameter 20 to 30 µm with some tendency for crystallite alignment within a single column. Evidence indicates that there was no significant preferred orientation in the palisade layer as a whole. Only in the surface layer was any preferred orientation detected, and here {1014} planes tended to lie parallel to the surface. The results are compared with previously published data, and calcite nucleation and growth are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 7 (1981), S. 209-212 
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Schlagwort(e): Photosynthetic bacteria ; Electron microscopy ; Planar lattices
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The thylakoids of Rhodopseudomonas viridis have been studied by freeze-fracturing whole cells. Depending on growth conditions and treatment before freezing, three different types of particle arrangements in the photosynthetic membrane are reported: a random arrangement, an isometric (quadratic) lattice arrangement with a lattice constant of 12.5 ± 0.8 nm, and a hexagonal lattice arrangement with a lattice constant of 12.5 ± 0.8 nm.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 130 (1981), S. 125-128 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Rhodospirillum rubrum ; Chromatophores ; Reaction centers ; Liposomes ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract In freeze-fractures of chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum the reaction centers are seen as hexagonal arranged particles of 13 nm diameter with a density of around 5,500 particles per μm2. Similar regions on the cytoplasmic membrane suggest that these parts are the prospective invagination sites. Isolated reaction centers are easily incorporated into liposomes. In freeze fractures of liposomes particles similar in shape and size, although less dense as in chromatophores are observed. In negative staining much smaller units of only 5 nm in diameter are found indicating that reaction centers occur in the membrane as tri- or tetramers. There is a strong correlation between particle density in chromatophores and titratable reaction centers remaining in these membranes after extraction of reaction centers by detergents; both values are in good agreement with the yield of reaction centers at a given detergent concentration.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 129 (1981), S. 129-134 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Cockroach ; Hindgut ; Distribution ; Microbial morphotypes ; Transmission ; Electron microscopy ; Statistical analysis ; Eublaberus posticus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The relative numbers of fourteen microbial morphotypes in transmission electron micrographs of the hindgut of a cockroach, Eublaberus posticus, were counted and their distribution was analyzed statistically. The microbiota of three wall-associated regions (the anterior paunch, the posterior paunch, and the black band region) was clearly different from that of the gut lumen. The three wall fractions were also significantly different from each other. Only one of the fourteen types, prosthecate bacteria, appeared to be distributed randomly in the four fractions. The five main wall-associated morphotypes individually constituted up to 41% of the microbes in some micrographs. They included one type with the characteristic morphology of Methanospirillum. Six morphotypes rarely made up over 2% of the population, but were consistently present. The numbers of the remaining three morphotypes were quite variable between micrographs and between individual insects, but when present often made up 5–10% of the population.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 129 (1981), S. 285-294 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Biological control ; Cyanobacteria ; Electron microscopy ; Entrapment ; lysis ; Myxococcus ; Phormidium ; Spherule
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A Myxococcus xanthus isolate from a farm drainage ditch, designated strain PCO2, is capable of rapidly inducing lysis of both agar and liquid-grown cultures of the cyanobacterium, Phormidium luridum, var. olivacea. Microscopic studies of the predator-prey interaction demonstrate that lysis of the cyanobacterium occurs within clumps and spherules formed by the cells of M. xanthus PCO2. In the earliest stage, one sees the formation of irregular microclumps of bacteria and cyanobacterial filaments. As these clumps mature, colonies 1 to 6 mm in diameter develops. The center of these densely green colonies contains cyanohacteria in various stages of degradation, while the periphery is almost exclusively a tightly woven mass of myxobacterial cells. Electron microscopy shows that long extrusions from the outer membrane of the M. xanthus PCO2 cells are involved in the formation both of initial clumps and of mature colonial spherules. These extrusions appear to efficiently entangle the cyanobacterial filaments in the culture environment. Predator-to-prey ratios of 1/10, 1/100 and 1/1,000 have resulted in cyanobacterial lysis. Because the entrapment and lysis of P. luridum filaments by M. xanthus PCO2 appears to be independent of any other heterotrophic nutritional requirement, as well as of environmental agitation, this system has potential as a biological control technique for undesirable aquatic cyanobacteria.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 130 (1981), S. 339-343 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Leptospira ; Halophilic ; Electron microscopy ; X-ray analysis ; Inclusions ; Cytoplasmic tubules
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The morphology of cells of strain Muggia, a slightly halophilic leptospire, was examined by the negative staining technique. The ultrastructure of the cells was rather similar to that of cells of Leptonema illini, i. e. the cells possessed cytoplasmic tubules. The basal complex of their flagella, however, was similar to the corresponding part of flagella on Gramnegative bacteria. The interior of the cells was densely packed with inclusions, except for the two outermost wavelengths at each end where these inclusions were absent. X-ray microanalysis showed that the inclusions contained sodium and chlorine as their main constituents. The inclusions disappeared upon storage of the cultures at room temperature.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase ; Quaternary structure ; Molecular weight ; Electron microscopy ; Cyanobacteria ; Synechococcus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Ribulose bisphosphate (RuP2) carboxylase from the marme cyanobacterium, Synechococcus sp., comprised both large (57,000 dalton) and small (12,000 dalton) subunits. The undissociated, purified enzyme was considerably smaller than the spinach enzyme when compared by pore-gradient electrophoresis, gel filtration and density-gradient centrifugation. This suggested that the cyanobacterial enzyme might have a hexameric (L6S6) subunit structure, unlike the enzymes from spinach and many other organisms which are octamers (L8S8). However, the molecular weight of the Synechococcus enzyme was measured by equilibrium sedimentation and found to be 530,000, which is within the range observed for L8S8-type enzymes. Furthermore, electron microscopic studies of negatively stained preparations of both the native enzyme, and a preparation depleted of 87% of its small subunits by repeated mild-acid precipitation, revealed four-fold symmetry characteristic of an octameric, cubical structure. Synechococcus RuP2 carboxylase therefore must be an L8S8 octamer and its anomalous pore-penetration behaviour may be due to an asymmetric shape. Some support for the latter possibility was provided by electron miscoscopic observations of two different types of images which may be different views of the molecule in two planes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 11
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pancreatic islets ; Adrenergic innervation ; Insulin secretion ; Chemical sympathectomy ; Adrenalectomy ; Fluorescence histochemistry ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Morphological changes in the adrenergic innervation of pancreatic islets after chemical sympathectomy by use of 6-hydroxydopamine and the influence of the sympatho-adrenal system on insulin secretion were investigated in the mouse and rat. Fluorescence histochemistry revealed a clear-cut reduction in the number of adrenergic nerve fibers in the pancreatic islets 2 days after administration of 6-hydroxydopamine; the reduction was more pronounced in the rat than in the mouse. In the rat, a partial regeneration was seen after 6 weeks. In the pancreas of the mouse, after administration of 6-hydroxydopamine, a severe damage of unmyelinated nerve fibers was revealed electron microscopically. However, no ultrastructural or immunohistochemical alterations could be demonstrated in the endocrine cells of the islets. 6-Hydroxydopamine induced a depression of basal plasma insulin concentrations in mice and an elevation in rats. Adrenalectomy depressed basal plasma insulin levels in mice. The α-adrenoceptor antagonist phentolamine enhanced insulin secretion in normal mice. The secretory response of insulin to phentolamine was diminished by chemical sympathectomy and almost abolished by adrenalectomy or the combination of chemical sympathectomy and adrenalectomy. Thus, the effect of phentolamine is probably mediated by liberated catecholamines. It is concluded that basal insulin secretion is partially regulated by the sympatho-adrenal system and that species differences exist in this respect. In addition, the results suggest that endogenous catecholamines have the ability to promote insulin secretion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 216 (1981), S. 471-479 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Ovulation ; Perfusion ; Graafian follicle (Rabbit) ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In the present investigation the ultrastructure of isolated rabbit ovaries, perfused with different media for various time periods, was studied. The steroid hormone production by the perfused ovary was also determined. Perfusion with Medium 199 results in prominent interstitial ovarian oedema which increases with perfusion time. Even after the addition of 6–10 % Dextran T40, oedema appears in the interstitial tissue of the ovary. Perfusion solutions with osmotically active colloid particles of large molecular size (Dextran T70; average molecular weight 70,000 and bovine serum albumin), cause less distortion in the ovarian structure, and ultrastructurally the ovarian tissues appear essentially the same as in the control ovaries. The results indicate that the perfused rabbit ovary, under strictly controlled conditions, can be used as an experimental model for studies of various aspects of ovarian function, including follicular rupture.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 216 (1981), S. 205-214 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Compound eyes ; Insects ; Crustaceans ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The basement membrane of the compound eye of four insect species and three crustacean species was investigated employing electron microscopy. The basement membrane consists of an extracellular (basal lamina) and a cellular portion, the latter being composed of the flattened terminal extensions of cone cells and accessory pigment cells in insects and distal pigment cells in crustaceans. Other cells can also contribute to the basement membrane. It is thus a complex structure in all well-developed compound eyes. The cellular contributions vary in different species and were found to correlate to specific taxonomic units.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Gastrin ; CCK ; Median eminence ; Electron microscopy ; Xenopus laevis (Amphibia, Anura)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary By use of an anti-gastrin serum and colloidal gold- or ferritin-labelled sheep anti-rabbit γ-globulins, nerve fibres and nerve terminals containing a gastrin-like substance were characterized at the ultrastructural level in the median eminence of Xenopus laevis. These immunoreactive fibres contain neurosecretory granules displaying medium to high electron density and a mean diameter of 75 nm. Labelling intensity varies from granule to granule. This is the first demonstration at the ultrastructural level of the precise location of a gastrin-like hormone in the median eminence of a vertebrate.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 217 (1981), S. 211-223 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pituitary gland ; Pars intermedia ; Electron microscopy ; Sheep
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Light microscopy of coronal sections of the sheep pars intermedia revealed a compact, incompletely lobulated V-shaped region about 15–20 cells thick, situated between the pars distalis and the pars nervosa. A prominent hypophysial cleft and follicles containing a colloid-like substance were seen. Using electron microscopy, five cell types could be distinguished: pars intermedia glandular cells, pars distalis-like glandular cells, interstitial cells, follicular cells and cleft lining cells. The polyhedral to pear-shaped pars intermedia glandular cells predominated. They contained dense-cored, membrane-bound granules near the Golgi complex, and larger, irregular vesicles with finely granular contents of varying electron density throughout the remaining cytoplasm; exocytotic release of granules was occasionally observed. Smaller numbers of cells resembling those seen in the pars distalis were scattered throughout the pars intermedia. Interstitial cells usually possessed elongated cytoplasmic processes which extended between the glandular cells, and were characterized by deeply indented nuclei, elaborate junctional complexes and an absence of cytoplasmic granules. Cells lining the follicles resembled the interstitial cells. The major cells bordering the hypophysial cleft were triangular in section and bore irregular microvilli on their free surface. The pars intermedia appeared to be less vascular than the remainder of the hypophysis and only occasional fenestrated capillaries were seen. Nerve profiles were rare.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 215 (1981), S. 643-649 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): T-lymphocytes ; Blast cells ; Autoradiography ; Electron microscopy ; Stereology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary As a companion to an earlier study, the morphometric attributes of stimulated (blast-derived) lymphocytes in mouse axillary lymph nodes have been established using stereological and autoradiographic methods. Blast transformation was induced in vivo with dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and stimulated cells were labelled with tritiated thymidine. Random samples of cells were taken for light and electron microscopic morphometry. In comparison to the unstimulated lymphocyte, the stimulated cell increased in size and possessed a greater plasma membrane surface area. Increase in cell size was the result of increases in the volumes of all measured subcellular compartments both in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Heterogeneity of the stimulated cell population precludes firm conclusions regarding the significance of all these ultrastructural changes, though alterations in cell surface are discussed in the context of known biochemical differences accompanying blastogenesis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 216 (1981), S. 557-568 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Electron microscopy ; Neuroglia ; Silver impregnation ; Brain ; Cat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The silver-impregnation procedure of Tsujiyama is suitable for demonstration of all three classical types of neuroglial cells; in the present study it was used for electron microscopic identification of neuroglial cells in the brain of the cat. The aim of the present study was 1) to determine impregnated structural correlates of neuroglial cells at the light- and electron-microscopic levels, and 2) to determine whether the method of Tsujiyama is applicable for the electron microscopic identification of the single types of neuroglial cells. Silver deposits were observed over the cytoplasm and processes of astrocytes where numerous glial filaments were present. Oligodendrocytes and microglial cells may be precisely differentiated by use of Tsujiyama's silver impregnation method at the electron microscopic level due to the pattern of silver-deposition in these two basic types of cells. This silver-impregnation method combined with electron microscopy is thus suitable for a precise identification of neuroglial cells; the technique may prove to be very helpful in identification of such categories of neuroglial cells that encompass also the images of cells which cannot be classified by use of the standard methods.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Eulecithophora ; Paravortex ; Cerastoderma ; parasites ; ultrastructure ; epidermis ; embryo capsule
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The epidermis and associated structures of adult and embryonic Paravortex cardii and Paravortex karlingi, internal parasites of Cerastoderma edule, have been examined using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The cellular epidermis of adult Paravortex bears cilia and microvilli which differ in number and distribution between P. karlingi and P. cardii. Cellular organelles include mitochondria, lipid bodies, Golgi bodies, and ultrarhabdites. Epidermal nuclei are located in the proximal portion of the cells. The development of the tegument of embryo Paravortex has been described and a possible origin for the embryo capsule is suggested. These findings are discussed in relation to the phylogenetic status of the Turbellaria in relation to other Platyhelminthes and in the functional adaptation of the epidermis for a parasitic mode of life.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 267-275 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Polycladida ; epidermal eye ; cerebral eye ; ultrastructure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Examination of the larvae of Thysanozoon brocchii and Stylochus mediterraneus shows that they have both epidermal and cerebral eyes, while the young worms of Notoplana alcinoi have only cerebral eyes. A description is given of the ultrastructure of both kinds of eyes. The epidermal eye consists of one cup-shaped pigmented cell, whose cavity is filled with lamellae of ciliary origin. A small covering cell is located over the cup-opening. The cerebral eye is made up of three cells: one pigmented cell with ciliary projections and two rhabdomeric-type photoreceptor cells. The cerebral eye in the adult is formed of a pigmented cup without cilia and at least three rhabdomeric-type photoreceptors. A number of remarks of a morpho-onthological nature are presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Proseriata ; Archilopsis unipunctata ; ultrastructure ; copulatory organ
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The copulatory organ in adult specimens of Archilopsis unipunctata has been studied by transmission electron microscopy. This copulatory organ is of the conjuncta-duplex type with eversible cirrus. The seminal vesicle, lined with a nucleate epithelium, is surrounded by spirally arranged muscles. The fibres are enclosed in a sheath that is continuous with the septum of the bulbus and the basement lamina of the male canal epithelium. Distally to the seminal vesicle the bulbus is filled with the secretory cell-necks of the prostate glands. The male canal shows three different parts: seminal duct, ejaculatory duct and eversible cirrus. At the transition of seminal duct and ejaculatory duct two prostate ducts open into the lumen. The structure of the epithelium lining the different parts of the canal is described. The transition into the cirrus may be recognized by an abrupt change in the thickness, the electron density and the stratification in the basement lamina and by the disappearance of the epithelium absent indeed in the cirrus. The material found inside the cirrus-lumen is different according to the zone considered. The origin of this material and of the cirrus teeth is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 45-52 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Tricladida ; Dugesia ; karyology ; Spain
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Some species of Planarians, new to Spain, are recorded. Dugesia polychroa, D. sicula, D. iberica and D. gonocephala s. 1. have been investigated karyologically. The former possesses a diploid complement characteristic of the biotype A (2n = 8); the second is diploid with 2n = 18; diploidy and triploidy were found in sexual populations of D. iberica with n = 8. Triploidy occurred in all the asexual strains of the D. gonocephala group with a basic number of either 8 or 9. In this latter case B-chromosomes were occasionally found.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 87-90 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Tricladida ; ecology ; freshwater
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract To attempt a complete review of turbellarian ecology in the time and space available would result in superficiality. Therefore, I have restricted this account to the four basic ecological processes which have and continue to determine flatworm distribution and abundance. These are: (1) historical or zoogeographical events which permit or prevent a species from reaching a habitat; (2) physiological limitations of the species vis à vis the habitat; (3) access to suitable energy sources and (4) the effects of competition, predation and parasitism, referred to collectively as bionomic processes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 129-130 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Cercyra ; Pseudomonocelis ; ecology ; reproduction ; feeding
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The biology of two marine turbellarians, Cercyra hastata (Tricladida) and Pseudomonocelis ophiocephala (Proseriata) has been studied over a period of five years. They are the main components of the biocoenosis of the saccocirrus sand of Sevastopol Bay. These species have a significant role in the processes of secondary production and transformation of the organic matter in the coastal zone.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 231-239 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Macrostomum ; ultrastructure ; ciliogenesis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Electron microscopy of Macrostomum hystricinum raised in culture shows that ciliogenesis in the worm's epidermal blastomeres begins in embryos 39–41 h old with kinetosomal and de novo genesis of presumptive basal bodies, which are morphologically distinguishable from centrioles of the mitotic apparatus, and proceeds by the migration of basal bodies to the apical plasma membrane of the cells and their production there of ciliary axonemes by an age of 51–53 h when the bastomeres emerge between yolk cells on the embryo's surface. Ciliogenesis continues throughout development with the addition of cilia virtually one by one to the expanding epidermal cells' surfaces. At no time in ciliogenesis are stages seen that might show derivation of these multiciliated cells from the primitive monociliated cell type presumably present in the ancestors of the Turbellaria.
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 253-257 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Proseriata ; Coelogynoporidae ; ultrastructure ; paracnids
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The ‘Schlauchdrüsen’ or paracnids of Coelogynopora axi Sopott, 1972 consist of two components: a muscle cell and a secretory cell. The secretory cell is provided with a tube, which bears a border of microvilli. In the normal position the tube is situated in the interior of the secretory cell, and the microvilli stand at the inner side of the tube. After expulsion of the tube the microvilli are situated at its free surface. The evagination takes place in response to chemical stimuli and is effected by the contraction of the myofibrils of the muscle cell. The paracnids are supposed to be mechanisms of defense. However, conformities with nematocysts and spirocysts of the cnidarians do not exist. The paracnids in other species of the Coelogynoporidae, for example in Invenusta paracnida (Karling, 1966) and Carenscoilia bidentata Sopott, 1972 differ from those of C. axi in many details.
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 1-5 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; T. G. Karling ; biography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 31-44 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Polycladida ; karyology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A karyological analysis of eight species of Polyclads has been carried out. A chromosome number of n = 10 for Stylochus alexandrinus and for Stylochus mediterraneus was ascertained on germinal lines. A chromosome number of 2n = 20 was ascertained from metaphasic plates from regenerative blastemas of Notoplana alcinoi and Leptoplana tremellaris. A karyometric analysis of this last species permitted the reconstruction of an idiogram. An idiogram was also prepared from metaphasic plates of Stylostomum ellipse obtained from early embryonic mitoses. The chromosome number of this species also was 2n = 20. Chromosome numbers of n = 8 and 2n = 16 were ascertained on germinal lines and metaphasic plates of blastemas in Echinoplana celerrima and on germinal lines and early embryonic mitoses of Stylochoplana maculata. Finally the diploid number 2n = 18 was ascertained on metaphasic plates from regenerative blastema of Yungia aurantiaca.
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  • 28
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Tricladida ; Dugesia ; karyology ; taxonomy ; Japan
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A review of previous studies on the taxonomy, karyology and chorology of a polymorphic species Dugesia japonica from the Far East is presented. Two subspecies are now known: D. j. japonica (n = 8, 2x = 16, 3x = 24) and D. j. ryukyuensis (n = 7, 2x = 14, 3x = 21). An attempt has also been made to determine the definition of the B-chromosome as LB and SB and the variation of the karyotypes of both subspecies is described. Every known karyotype of D. japonica is classified into six groups (see Table 2). D. japonica from many localities has a diploid karyotype (2x), a triploid karyotype (3x) and an orthoploidic mixoploid karyotype of 2x & 3x. The origin and the karyological significance of these karyotypes are discussed.
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 147-153 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Graffillidae ; entosymbionts ; physiology ; nutrition ; respiration
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Three entosymbiotic graffillid rhabdocoels (Paravortex scrobiculariae, P. cardii and Graffilla buccinicola) from marine bivalve and gastropod molluscs show several physiological adaptations to their life-style which are intimately related to the nutritional physiology and ecology of their respective hosts. All three species feed on their hosts' partially digested food plus the cellular debris released at the end of the hosts' own digestive cycle. G. buccinicola supplements this diet by actively removing intact cells from the host's digestive epithelium. Host enzymes, ingested with the food, are utilized for digestion within the flatworms' gut; there is concomitant reduction in the types and amounts of endogenous enzymes and the gastrodermal gland cells characteristically found in free-living species are absent. Food reserves in the three species consist mainly of glycogen, following the pattern seen in other entosymbiotic flatworms (Turbellaria, Digenea, Cestoda); in P. scrobiculariae this primary adaptation, believed to be linked in all entosymbiotes to the ready availability of food and to high fecundity, probably has a secondary function, in relation to anaerobic respiration, of the type found in cestodes. Other adaptive features, closely correlated with host ecology, are the occurrence of a physiologically active haemoglobin in the brain and pharynx of P. scrobiculariae and, in this species and P. cardii, the differential occurrence and distribution of dehydrogenase systems concerned with aerobic respiration (Krebs cycle), the pentose phosphate shunt and anaerobic respiration (glycolysis). P. scrobiculariae and P. cardii are viviparous and the normal provision of yolk for embryonic nutrition is supplemented by direct passage of materials to the later larvae from the parental gut, thus facilitating extended development of the larva until its birth as an immature miniature adult.
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 7-12 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Tricladida ; Paludicola
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Is the assumption of the monophyly of the Paludicola (freshwater triclads) justified? There seems little doubt on morphological grounds of the close relationship between the Planariidae and the Dendrocoelidae but it is difficult to connect, phylogenetically, the Dugesiidae with these groups. A connection between the former and some of the latter has been unknowingly implied by the author in previous papers, thus raising an anomaly since this would mean that the Dugesiidae are not monophyletic. Is it possible that the Dugesiidae and the Planariidae + Dendrocoelidae have arisen independently from marine ancestors? The implications of such a speculation are examined.
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 91-102 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Polycelis ; Dugesia ; Dendrocoelum ; Erpobdella ; Glossiphonia ; Helobdella ; serological technique ; diet ; British lakes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The food niches of four species of triclads and three species of non-parasitic leeches living in the littoral zone of British lakes of different trophic status were investigated, over one year, using a serological technique. Antisera against ten potential prey groups were employed. The basic data were adjusted to compensate for differences in predator size and seasonal changes in field temperatures. Data on two of the leech species have been presented elsewhere, but comparisons of the diet of all seven predator species are made in this paper. Much overlap in diet between the various predator species occurs, but, with one exception, each of the genera has a major food resource. The Polycelis spp. feed extensively on oligochaetes, Dugesia polychroa on molluscs, Dendrocoelum lacteum on Asellus, Erpobdella octoculata on chironomids and Glossiphonia complanata on molluscs. Helobdella stagnalis is a generalist feeder. Problems of coexistence of the leech species, and of the leech and triclad species are discussed.
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 103-112 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; distribution ; oxygen availability ; redox ; phylogeny
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Records from a considerable number of meiofaunal samples are reexamined in relation to the depth within sediment distribution of various taxa especially Schizorhynchidae and the main turbellarian orders. Frequency and density records in samples with particular oxygen flow rates and redox potentials confirm that the ranges of Schizochilus, Proschizorhynchus and Neoschizorhynchus spp. within these factors may help account for congeneric occurrence within cores. However, statistical analysis of the records is seldom able to confirm apparent differences. There is, for example, a statistically significant difference in distribution in relation to redox potential between the red schizorhynchians Pseudoschizorhynchides ruber, Diascorhynchus rubrus and the red acoelan Paratomella rubra but not in relation to oxygen availability and depth within sediment. On one beach Gnathostomula aff. paradoxa was found at Eh and O2 availability values under which it must be assumed to be living anaerobically. Contingency and other analyses are extended to differences between higher taxa and the results discussed in relation to habitat evolution of the Turbellaria. The suggestion that structural complexity of turbellarians has increased with increased oxygenation of the environment is tentatively supported.
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 155-162 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Umagillidae ; symbiosis ; nutrition ; Syndisyrinx ; Syndesmis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Three species of umagillid turbellarians were found to have different nutritional relationships with their echinoid hosts: Syndisyrinx franciscanus ingests host intestinal tissue and ciliates that are symbiotic in the intestine of the host; Syndesmis dendrastrorum consumes intestinal tissue and materials that have been ingested by the host; an umagillid that closely resembles Syndesmis echinorum subsists entirely on host intestinal tissue.
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 171-179 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Tricladida ; cell differentiation ; regeneration
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 35
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Dugesia ; cell types ; growth ; degrowth ; regneration ; maceration-technique
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A method of tissue maceration (dissociation) of planarian tissues into single cells was used to characterize the basic cell types in the planarians Dugesia mediterranea and Dugesia tigrina, and to determine the total cell number and distribution of cell types during growth, degrowth and regeneration. Using this method, 13 basic cell types have been determined for both species. The total number of cells increases with body length and volume whereas the distribution of cell types is only slightly affected. Growth and degrowth occur mainly through changes in total cell number leaving cell distribution only moderately affected. During regeneration, an increase in neoblast density in the blastema followed later on by increases in nerve cells are the more significant changes detected. These results are discussed in relation to mechanisms of cell renewal, blastema formation and maintenance of tissue polarity.
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 131-137 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Crustacea ; Mollusca ; commensalism
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The brachyurans Chionoecetes opilio and Hyas araneus collected from the east coast of Canada harbour two species of commensal turbellarians. Ectocotyla hirudo (Levinsen) and E. multitesticulata Fleming & Burt are found on the gills and branchial chambers of male and female crabs. The molluscs Crassostrea virginica and Mytilus edulis collected from several locations where they are cultured along the Northumberland strait carry two commensal eulecithophoran turbellarians, both on the gills, viz., Urasloma cyprinae (Graff) and Paravortex gemellipara (Linton), the latter being a new host record. Aspects of the biology and life-history of these turbellarians are discussed, especially in relationship to the biology of their hosts.
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 163-165 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Dugesia ; karyology ; reproduction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Dugesia sanchezi reproduces in nature both sexually and by fission. Laboratory cultures have shown that fissioning is controlled by genetic factors. From sexual specimens randomly mated, 105 sexual and five fissiparous offspring were obtained. The former produced almost exclusively sexual descendents while the latter gave rise to fissiparous individuals, although successively many of them became sexual. These ex-fissiparous specimens show a high fertility and their offspring were almost all fissiparous, with the same characteristics displayed by the preceeding fissiparous generation. Some hypotheses are advanced in order to attempt a genetical interpretation of these results.
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  • 38
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; regeneration ; cAMP ; neuromediators
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Regenerating planarians of the species Polycelis tenuis have been studied with respect to the two distinct phases which occur during regeneration, viz., the first 24 h involving cellular activation, and the following days when differentiation of the blastema occurs after a period of cellular proliferation. We have studied particularly the biochemical events that control regeneration with respect to the nature of the signals which induce cellular activation, the membrane receptors of these signals, and the consequences of these signals for the cellular metabolism of DNA, RNA and proteins. The roles of neurohormones such as serotonin, dopamine, and noradrenaline are assessed, and a provisional model of the process of cellular activation is proposed which takes account of all the information that is now available concerning planarian regeneration.
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 213-229 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; morphology ; ultrastructure ; body wall ; nervous system ; protonephridia ; parenchyma ; digestive system ; reproductive system
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The paper reviews the following systems: body wall, nervous system, protonephridia, parenchyma, digestive system, reproductive system, and includes a summary of the literature. New information is presented for the catenulid and neoophoran body wall-construction, the kalyptorhynch proboscis, the catenulid and haplopharyngid protonephridial construction, and the prolecithophoran spermatozoon and female germ cell. Examples of new features, as well as examples of how electron microscopy has clarified the relative position of structures and their substructures are given from the subcellular level to the organization of whole organs. Fine structural features linking different turbellarian orders are summarized. They apparently support Karling's (1974) latest assessment of the affinities between the turbellarian orders which is based primarily on light histological data, they add the recognition of a special link between the Macrostomida and Haplopharyngida and they suggest the existence of three main evolutionary lines within the Turbellaria.
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  • 40
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Typhloplandoe ; Mesostoma zariae
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A new species of the genus Mesostoma Ehrenberg 1935, M. zariae n.sp. is described and its relationship discussed. The new species belongs to the M. lingua species-group and is characterised by the presence of two kinds of prostate secretions and a pear-shaped penis papilla. It occurs in small standing or slowly running waters at Zaria, Nigeria. It has previously been proven (Mead 1978) that this species is predatory on the aquatic stages of mosquitoes.
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 167-169 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Dugesia ; reproduction ; karyology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract One of the biotypes of the planarian Dugesia benazzii is triploid in the somatic line, hexaploid in the female line owing to a chromosome set doubling, and diploid in the male line due to a haploid set elimination. In a population of this biotype only 50% of the oocytes are hexaploid, the others being triploid as a results of the lack of set doubling; the male line is always diploid. After a long period of laboratory culture most of the individuals became asexual and fissiparous. Almost all the oocytes of the few specimens which have remained sexual showed triploid complement; B-chromosomes also appeared. These events represent the manifestation of a new genetic background which act upon the two germ lines in different ways and moments. These topics are discussed.
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  • 42
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; karyology ; mixoploidy ; electrophoresis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Various kinds of chromosomal polymorphisms or karyotypic variations are found in the Japanese freshwater planarian Polycelis auriculata. Within this species, there are found worms whose chromosome numbers are 2n = 6, 10, 11, 12 and others, and 3x = 6 and 9. There are some which have cells with triploidy and tetraploidy complements (3x = 6 & 4x = 8), and others which have cells with triploidy and hexaploidy complements (3x = 6 & 6x = 12). These worms with such varied karyotypes are usually found in separate habitats, though occasionally they occur together. Electrophoretic analysis of the proteins extracted from the karyotipically different worms which belong to three different local populations shows some dissimilarity in the constitutive proteins according to their karyotypic differences. The results obtained suggest that this species is still in the process of speciation or chromosomal evolution.
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 203-207 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; regeneration ; neurohormones ; adenylate cyclase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Planarians are a good subject for studies of cell differentiation. Each multicellular organism is maintained by continuous production, differentiation and ageing of cellular elements. Each cell has a specific position defined by specific regional boundaries. After amputating a part of the body this positional information changes, involving, probably, the first range of cellular activation, the activation of membrane receptors. At the same time in an injured organism the level of neurohormones, which can be now coupled with activated receptors, increases. In the opinion of many authors neurohormones act on the regenerative cells through the medium of adenylate cyclase. This enzyme converts ATP to cAMP and by means of this cyclic nucleotide the second range of cellular activation is initiated i.e. changes of activation of cAMP dependent protein kinases. The sequence of these processes plays the principal role in the ensuing cell differentiation.
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  • 44
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Tricladida ; Polycelis ; speciation ; Europe ; enzyme variation ; iso-electric focusing
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Polycelis nigra Ehrenberg and Polycelis tenuis Ijima differ morphologically and karyologically. No difference, however, was found in the isozyme pattern of malate dehydrogenase and tetrazolium oxidase, indicating a close relationship. Most sibling species differ at half of the loci. It could be deduced that the reproductive behaviour of a single population of Polycelis nigra in a Dutch pond was not panmictic. Two genetically different strains retained their identities during two years of observation. If pseudogamy occurs in this diploid planarian, the presence of heterozygous specimens indicates the absence of a true meiosis. The iso-electrofocusing technique by which these population-genetical studies were carried out, also lends itself to a comparison of overall protein banding patterns. The membrane proteins especially are conservative. The sodium dodecyl sulphate extracted proteins of Polycelis nigra-tenuis, Planaria torva and Phagocata vitta were very similar, while their water soluble proteins were not. This technique may be of great help in taxonomic studies of the higher taxa.
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 113-127 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; meiobenthos ; fauna composition ; taxonomy ; Netherlands Delta area
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Sand dwelling Turbellaria from the Delta of the Rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt have been investigated. Thirty-eight samples taken from littoral and sublittoral stations in the Grevelingen, Eastern and Western Scheldt have been analysed. Thirty-three species were recorded (Acoela were not considered); twenty-four of them are new for the area and seven new species are described. Density and diversity of Turbellaria were higher in the Eastern Scheldt than in the Western Scheldt or in the Lake Grevelingen. A maximum density of 82 ind./100 cm3 was noted. A tentative calculation on relative abundance of the representatives of the different Turbellaria orders is established. Proseriata seem to be dominant in the localities studied.
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 139-145 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Proseriata ; Coelogynoporidae ; taxonomy ; New England
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Eleven species of the proseriate turbellarian family Coelogynoporidae have been encountered between Cape Cod, Mass. and the southern shore-line of New Brunswick, Canada. The distributions of Coelogynopora schultzii, C. biarmata and Cirrifera cirrifera are reported. Four new species belonging to the genus Coelogynopora, one new species of Cirrifera and a species belonging to a new genus are described. Two species remain undescribed. Biological observations on a laboratory-reared colony of C. biarmata maintained since 1978 are reported.
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 23-30 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Neorhabdocoela ; Paravortex ; parasites
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Paravortex karlingi sp. nov. collected from the intestine of the bivalve mollusc Cerastorderma edule from the Ythan Estuary, N. E. Scotland, and elsewhere, is distinguished from a closely related species, P. cardii, also occurring in this host, on the basis of differences in habitat occupied by the two species as well as behavioural and morphological differences. P. karlingi is smaller, has fewer embryos in the gravid adult and shows a different behaviour pattern when released from the host intestine. It is also negatively phototactic whereas P. cardii is initially positively phototactic, only later becoming negatively phototactic. The occurrence of both species in Britain is briefly described.
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 13-16 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Rhabdocoela ; Fecampiidae ; parasites ; crustaceans ; distribution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract All members of the Fecampiidae are endoparasites. Since 1964 when only four species were known, four new species and 11 cocoon types, made by as many unknown species, have been described. The Fecampiidae are distributed in all major oceans from shallow waters to more than 5000 m depth.
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 209-212 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Dugesia lugubris ; regeneration ; ultracytochemistry ; adenylate cyclase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Adenylate cyclase (AC) was localized ultracytochemically in certain tissues of the regenerating planarian Dugesia lugubris. Studies were carried out from one hour after injury up to the 5th day of regeneration. It was found that the greatest amount of active AC appears during the initial hours of regeneration in the membranes of the muscle cells near the wound, in the epithelial cells surrounding the wound, and in rhabdite-forming cells and neoblasts.
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 240-240 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; Acoela ; ultrastructure ; ciliary rootlets ; glycogen
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The rootlets of the kinetic cilia form patterns of different types in the different turbellarian subgroups (cf. Rieger 1981). In the Acoela a rather complex system of ciliary rootlets is found in the epidermis (Dorey 1965; Hendelberg & Hedlund 1973; Bedini & Papi 1974). In the acoel Childia groenlandica (Levinsen) the four rootlets of each cilium make contact with those of adjacent cilia at two levels (Hendelberg & Hedlund 1974). Distinct granules are found in the interior of the main rootlets (Hendelberg & Hedlund 1974; Bedini & Papi 1974, Fig. 16) and basal bodies (Silveira 1972; Hendelberg & Hedlund 1974) of the epidermal kinetic cilia of acoels. Similar granules, probably of identical structure, can be seen in nemertodermatids, in the same positions (Tyler & Rieger 1977, Figs. 3 & 6). Such granules were studied in C. groenlandica with histochemical methods adapted for electron microscopy. Like Silveira (1972) I found the granules of the basal bodies to be Thiéry-positive, and thus evidently to be made up of or at least to contain polysaccharide material. The granules of the main rootlets were also found to be Thiéry-positive (Hendelberg 1976). Digestion experiments (Hendelberg & Hellmén 1978 and unpublished results) strongly support the concept that the granules are glycogen beta-particles. We know that cilia can function as kinetic organelles without any rootlets. But we are still uncertain about the function of the rootlets when occurring. Most probably they form an anchorage, a function which may be favoured by branching rootlets making contact with each other. Another function which has been discussed is the transmittance of impulses regulating the ciliary beat. Glycogen granules represent an energy deposit. The functional implication of these granules in the interior of the ciliary rootlets and basal bodies is not clear. However, the observations raise the question of how energy is transmitted to the cilia. Are the ciliary rootlets, when occurring, involved? This question will be further discussed, with references, in a future full report on the digestion experiments (to be published elsewhere).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 276-276 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Turbellaria ; ultrastructure ; eye ; Urastoma
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Urastoma cyprinae (Graff) is a microturbellarian which has been recorded both as a free-living organism by Westblad (1955) and Marcus (1951) and as a commensal in various lamellibranch molluscs (see Burt & Drinnan 1968). The material used in this study came from oysters, Crassostroea virginica, collected off the coast of Prince Edward Island, in which hosts it occurs in large numbers especially during the summer months when the oysters are spawning (Fleming et al. 1981). When U. cyprinae is exposed to light as happens, for example, when an oyster is opened, it shows a marked negative phototactic response. Preliminary work on the fine structure of the photoreceptors in U. cyprinae shows that the two eyes each consists of: (1) a single cup cell full of relatively large, electron-dense pigment granules; (2) a tripartite conical lens system; and (3) what appear to be two photosensitive rhabdomes. The pigment cup cell has a single, well defined nucleus situated basally and close to the membrane of the pigment cell furthest away from the rhabdomeres. The lens system consists of a cone made up of three, separate but equal, parts. Each part has two, flat inner surfaces which join at an angle of 120°, an outer rounded surface, and a rounded upper surface. When these three parts fit together, the cone-shaped lens is formed with the apex of the lens within the ‘cup’ of the pigment cell and the rounded, convex, broad end of the cone lying more or less at the same level as the top of the pigment cup and below the epidermis layer. The rhabdomeres lie between the electron dense lenses and the inside of the pigment cup. They show connections to the visual cells which are bipolar: one extension joining the rhabdomeres; the other constituting the axon which extends into the centrally situated brain or into the longitudinal, lateral nerves. The axons that enter the brain, form connections with other axons from the other eye. The axons that extend posteriorly in a lateral position, presumably play a role in facilitating the avoidance reaction. The chemical nature of the unusual lens has not yet been determined. This is presently under investigation and will be reported later at which time our work will be discussed in relation to other types of rhabdomeric eyes in the Turbellaria.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 52
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 220 (1981), S. 153-161 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Cytoplasmic transport ; Insect ovary ; Autoradiography ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The ovarioles of Coccinella and Tenebrio are shown to be telotrophic — a characteristic normally associated with hemipterans rather than coleopterans. They possess an anterior region of trophic cells and a chain of oocytes. The trophic cells are connected with the latter by a series of nutritive tubes, and autoradiography has shown that RNA is transported along the tubes to the oocytes. However, the system in these beetles differs markedly from that of hemipterans in that the nutritive tubes do not contain an extensive complement of aligned microtubules. The significance of this to both the mechanism and the selectivity of transport is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 220 (1981), S. 201-212 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Atretic oocyte ; Perca fluviatilis ; Histochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The regression of atretic oocytes in Perca fluviatilis was studied by histochemical, light and electron microscopic methods. The course of regression can be divided into three stages, the first two comprising the dissolution of the atretic oocyte and its phagocytosis by the granulosa cells of the follicular epithelium, and the third stage consisting of the dissolution of the granulosa cells themselves. The ultrastructure in all three stages shows only features related to phagocytosis and lysosome formation. In particular, there is no agranular endoplasmic reticulum formed within the phagocytically active granulosa cells, nor is there any 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity (3β-HSD). Large yellow-orange pigments, formed during the third stage of regression, are ascribed to a relative deficiency of lysosomes in lipid digestion, and do not result from a preceeding steroid-synthesising phase as in mammalian corpora lutea. Thus, the atretic oocyte of P. fluviatilis is considered not to give rise to a corpus luteum formation with endocrine function, but merely represents a degenerative structure.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 214 (1981), S. 81-87 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Sperm-host glands ; Spermatozoa ; Fowl ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The disintegration of spermatozoa in the infundibular sperm-host glands of the fowl was investigated by electron microscopy. After the 15th day following artificial insemination, secretory granules in the epithelial cells of the sperm-host glands increase in number and size, and subsequently the contents of the granules are released into the glandular lumen, so that the electron density of the lumen increases. At this stage, spermatozoa stored in the glands begin to undergo degenerative changes starting from the head. The heads become distended and chromatin of the nucleus begins to disperse as small masses, simultaneously with the destruction of the acrosome. As the dispersion of chromatin progresses, mitochondria of the middle piece become distended and irregular in shape, and then disintegrate. At the last stage, most of the organelles have disappeared, but the fibrous sheath and axial-filament complex are still identified.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 214 (1981), S. 89-95 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Spermatozoa ; Vitelline membrane ; Macrophage ; Fowl ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The fate of spermatozoa that do not participate in fertilization was investigated by electron microscopy. After artificial insemination, we observed several spermatozoa between the fibers of the outer layer of the vitelline membrane of the ovum. One or more spermatozoa were also found in a phagocytic vesicle of macrophages located in the intercellular space of the mucosal epithelium of the infundibulum or in the outer layer of the vitelline membrane. From these observations, we assume that the superfluous spermatozoa in the lumen of the anterior part of the oviduct might be removed by inclusion into the outer layer of the vitelline membrane and by phagocytosis by macrophages.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 215 (1981), S. 133-142 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Rat fetus ; Hepatocyte differentiation ; Ultrastructure ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Rat hepatocyte differentiation between day 12 and 19 of fetal life was studied by electron microscopy. The cytoplasmic structures involved in synthetic and secretory function, i.e., rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, appear to be the first to differentiate, and their development is probably related to the secretion of different kinds of plasma proteins. The cytoplasmic organelles involved in other hepatic functions develop later: lysosomes from day 15, peroxysomes, glycogen rosettes and smooth endoplasmic reticulum still later. However, the morphological differentiation of bile canaliculi begins from day 12.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 57
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 215 (1981), S. 223-247 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Active transport ; Supravital microscopy ; Electron microscopy ; Preparative cell shrinkage ; Frog gallbladder
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Morphologic findings of widely dilated intercellular spaces in fluid transporting epithelia have been claimed as evidence for the existence of an epithelial compartment in which the coupling between solute and water fluxes takes place. The validity of using epithelial geometry in sectioned material as an argument can be questioned. The present report describes the morphological appearance of frog gallbladder epithelium — normal and ouabain-treated — in the living state in vitro and after fixation, dehydration and embedding. Gallbladder segments were photographed in the living state and at the end of each step of the preparative procedure. Direct observations of whole-mounted gallbladder segments were carried out, taking advantage of the possibility of optical sectioning and high resolution by Nomarski-microscopy. The same specimens were then sectioned and examined by conventional light and electron microscopy. The observations were quantitated and showed that the epithelial cells of normal and ouabain-treated gallbladders experienced an average linear shrinkage down to 70% of their length in Ringer's solution, which corresponds to a volume shrinkage down to 35%. Moreover, dilated lateral intercellular spaces appeared during the dehydration and embedding procedure in normal but only very moderately or not at all in ouabain-treated gallbladder specimens.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 218 (1981), S. 375-387 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Nervous system ; Turbellaria ; Synaptic contacts ; Release of neurosecretory material
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The ultrastructure of release sites of neurochemical messenger substances in the microturbellarian Microstomum lineare was examined. Aminergic neurites form conventional synapses and synapse-like structures (SLS). Variants of true synapses include: “single” synapses with symmetric pre- and postsynaptic densities, “shared” synapses, i.e., contacts between 1 pre- and 2 postsynaptic fibres, en passant synapses between parallel axonal membranes, and synapses without thickenings having only clustered vesicles in the presynaptic terminal. SLS on a nerve cell soma or facing an intercellular stromal channel near muscles are described. Peptidergic neurites containing large granular vesicles (LGV) form synaptoids and signs of putative neurosecretory release. Synaptoids between neurites and between neurite and muscle have lucent vacuoles (about 100nm) and dense material at the contact site. In en passage synaptoids dense-core vesicles are embedded in electron-dense material at the contact site. Putative signs of release of neurosecretory material other than “typical” exocytosis have been observed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 219 (1981), S. 69-83 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Satellite cells ; Cardiac muscle ; Decapod crustaceans ; Distribution ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The structure and distribution of satellite cells of cardiac muscles were examined in twenty-one species of animals chosen from each tribe within the order Decapoda (Arthropoda, Crustacea). The satellite cells were found in all animals observed. Most of them are morphologically identical with those described in different striated muscles of other species, but some cells have unusual features. The decapod satellite cell occasionally lies right over the region corresponding to the intercalated disc between the apposed cardiac muscle cells. The cell sends cytoplasmic processes into the adjacent muscle cells, enabling the plasma membrane to make close contact with the cleft opening of the intercalated disc, and with the myofibril at the level of the Z-line. Another characteristic feature is the presence of “paired” cells. Such cells are clearly separated from each other over most of the contact area by the respective plasma membranes, which are smooth in appearance and devoid of specialized regions. The significance of the presence of satellite cells in decapod cardiac muscle and its possible role are discussed and compared with those described for other species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 219 (1981), S. 313-325 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Oligodendroglia ; Cell surface antigens ; Electron microscopy ; Immunoperoxidase ; Monoclonal antibodies
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Monoclonal antibodies to cell-surface antigens of oligodendrocytes (Sommer and Schachner 1980; Schachner et al. 1980) were used to identify this cell type by immuno-electron microscopy in monolayer cultures of fetal and early postnatal mouse cerebellum. The ultrastructural features of antigen-positive cells confirm that they are immature and mature oligodendrocytes, but not neurons, astrocytes or fibroblasts or fibroblast-like cells. Type I oligodendrocytes are the immature ones with a relatively large amount of moderately electron-lucent cytoplasm, clusters of ribosomes and complex networks of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Large numbers of mitochondria and microtubules, but not intermediate-sized filaments are seen in these cells. They comprise more than 90% of all 0-antigen-positive cells. Type II cells comprise only approximately 5% of all 0-antigen-positive cells. They are characterized by a limited amount of electron-dense cytoplasm, which appears more compact and granular than in type I cells. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is distributed evenly throughout the cytoplasm. Microtubules and mitochondria are present, but more difficult to distinguish due to the compactness of the cytoplasm. Type II cells display the more mature ultrastructural features of oligodendrocytes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 219 (1981), S. 433-436 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Electron microscopy ; Frog ; Cutaneus pectoris muscle ; Nerve ; Muscle spindle
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Three muscle fibers were identified by electron microscopy within a nerve of a frog muscle. They resembled extrafusal muscle fibers but were located in an endoneurial rather than in an endomysial compartment. To call these endoneurial muscle fibers the obvious continuation of extrafusal fibers of a muscle spindle is certainly unwarranted; to label these fibers ectopic and to let the matter rest there is probably an understatement of sorts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 220 (1981), S. 435-438 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Haemocyanin ; Branchial gland ; Electron microscopy ; Eledone moschata ; Cephalopoda
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Polymerized haemocyanin molecules have been identified as rings, about 25 nm in diameter, forming linear arrays within cytoplasmic vesicles, close to the nucleus. They were observed by transmission electron microscopy in the polygonal cells of the branchial gland of Eledone moschata Lamarck. These observations confirm previous data suggesting that haemocyanin is synthetized in the branchial gland cells of Octopoda.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 63
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Endogenous peroxidase ; Trachea ; Lung ; Electron microscopy ; Guinea pig
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Endogenous peroxidase activity was demonstrated by cytochemistry in mucous cells of the submucosal glands and tracheobronchial epithelium of guinea pigs. It is localized in the nuclear envelope, in cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum, and in secretory granules. It was not seen in Golgi saccules or in the airway lumen. By contrast, all epithelial cells within the lung including mucous (goblet) cells lack activity. Reaction product is also absent from alveolar macrophages and mast cells. The appearance of peroxidase in mucous cells is age-related. No activity was seen at 1.5ms of age. A few mucous cells were positive at 2.5 and 3 ms while the proportion of positive cells increased substantially up to 7 ms. Thus, the age of guinea pigs in HRP transport studies must receive careful consideration in order to avoid misinterpretation of results. The function of mucous cell peroxidase is unknown. The results of this study suggest that it is secreted. Whether it plays a significant role in lung defense through its well documented anti-infectious properties remains to be determined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 214 (1981), S. 443-448 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Chitin synthesis ; Electron microscopy ; Acari ; Tetranychus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Two chitin synthesising systems in Tetranychus urticae are described: one chitosomal system located in the oocytes where spatial and temporal distances are large, and one membrane bound system located in the hypodermis. Similarity of mechanisms of chitin synthesis in animals and plants is suggested.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 214 (1981), S. 501-518 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Placenta (sheep) ; Cell phagocytosis ; Hemoglobin-derived pigments ; Residual bodies ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In trophoblastic epithelial cells of the sheep placenta the final stages of erythrocyte breakdown within the lysosomal apparatus were studied at the ultrastructural level. As a result of hemoglobin digestion lysosomes containing hemoglobin-derived pigments (HDP) were formed. The HDP-lysosomes were acid phosphatase-positive, highly electron-dense bodies of round to irregular shape containing whorled membranous formations. The accumulation of these lysosomes in epithelial cells led to fusion resulting in the formation of conglomerates. At the end of the gestation period the amount of HD Plysosomes and their conglomerates markedly increased. In addition to erythrocytes the trophoblastic epithelial cells in the erythrophagocytic regions phagocytosed maternal leukocytes and neighbouring epithelial cells and giant cells. By gradual accumulation of HDP-lysosomes and remnants of phagocytosed cells, highly electron-dense acid phosphatase-positive residual bodies of variable appearance were formed within the epithelial cells. At the end of pregnancy the spaces between juxtaposed villi of the trophoblastic epithelium in the erythrophagocytic zones were occluded by apposition of the epithelial cells. In these occluded regions an increase in highly electron-dense large-sized residual bodies (15–22 μm of dimension) occurred as a result of multiple cell phagocytosis in combination with fusion. In these residual bodies the numerous incorporated HDP-lysosomes and the remnants of phagocytosed cells could still be recognized.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 220 (1981), S. 555-559 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Disaccharidases ; Intestinal brush-border membranes ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The intestinal disaccharidases, lactase, sucrase-isomaltase complex, and glucoamylase are proteins intimately associated with the brush-border membrane of the epithelial cell. These three enzyme activities are found in the intestine of the adult rat; lactase and glucoamylase activities are primarily associated with the intestine of the infant rat. Only glucoamylase and isomaltase activities are detected in the intestine of the California sea lion, Zalophus californianus. The activities of these enzymes are detected only in villus cells, and not in crypt cells. We have carried out electron microscopic studies of negatively stained brush-border preparations of intestinal crypt and villus cells; from the intestine of the 10-day-old rat and from that of the California sea lion. The density of the knob-like structures protruding from the brush-border membranes was not significantly different in any of these preparations. The diameter of the knobs on the preparations from crypt cells was smaller than the diameters of the knobs found on membranes prepared from the other sources. These data are discussed in terms of the relationship between the presence of knob structures and disaccharidase activities associated with the brush-border membranes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 220 (1981), S. 589-597 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Tooth basement membrane ; Ruthenium red ; Tannic acid ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Ruthenium red staining and tannic acid fixation were used to analyse the fine structure of embryonic mouse dental basement membrane in intact first mandibular molars or in EDTA-isolated dental papillae. Preameloblasts are separated from extracellular matrix proper by a basal lamina that contains regularly arranged proteoglycan granules of about 10 nm in diameter. This distribution pattern is particularly evident in the inner and outer lamina rara of the basal lamina associated with EDTA-isolated dental papillae. The plasmalemma of preameloblasts demonstrates electron dense plaques on the inner leaflet. Ruthenium red positive granules (50 nm in diameter) coat non-striated and striated fibrils of the matrix. Hyaluronidase treatment digested the ruthenium red positive granules. Tannic acid fixation allowed the demonstration of filaments within the lamina rara interna, connecting the lamina densa with plasmalemma of preameloblasts. These observations are discussed in the context of the terminal differentiation of odontoblasts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 221 (1981), S. 245-256 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Monoamines ; Fluorescence histochemistry ; Electron microscopy ; Branchiostoma lanceolatum
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Three types of monoamine-containing neurones and fibres can be discriminated in the brain of the lancelet. Two types of elongated cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurones, located in the ventral and the dorsolateral part of the brain, exhibit formaldehyde-induced catecholamine fluorescence. These neurones contain dense-core vesicles 75–100 nm in diameter. Their apical portion possesses cilia, displaying a 9×2+2 arrangement of their internal tubuli, and projecting into the ventricle. Basal processes from the ventrally situated perikarya abut upon the meninx and may discharge their catecholamines into the circulatory system. Fibres exhibiting catecholamine fluorescence originate from the dorsolaterally situated perikarya and run ventrocaudally to the neuropil, where they form numerous swellings of the bouton en passant type. A third type of perikarya in the posterior part of the brain displays specific green fluorescence. Further, neurones characterized by a specific yellow fluorescence are present in the anterior part of the brain and the anterior part of the neural tube. The rapid photodecomposition of the latter fluorophore indicates that these cells contain an indolamine.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 221 (1981), S. 311-320 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Sertoli cell (rat) ; Testis ; Vesicles ; Morphometry ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Membrane-bounded spherical vesicles found in rat Sertoli cells have been examined quantitatively during the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. Most of the vesicles were localized to the basal and columnar portions of the Sertoli cell cytoplasm. The thin lateral projections of the Sertoli cells contained very few vesicles. Morphometric analysis of the basal portion of the Sertoli cell cytoplasm revealed that the volume density (V v ) of the vesicles changed markedly during the cycle. The V v was at its minimum (0.036) at stage VII and maximum (0.117) at stages XI-I. The vesicles were also smaller at stage VII compared to the vesicles at stages IX-V. The stage-dependent difference in the size of the vesicles was found both in the basal and the columnar portions of the Sertoli cells. At stage VII some of the vesicles appeared to be elongated much like the tubular elements of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) from which they are probably derived. The stage-dependent differences in volume density and size of the Sertoli cell vesicles may be related to cyclic biochemical variations in the Sertoli cells, and are further indications of a variation in Sertoli cell function during the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. Whether or not this is due to an “internal” cycle of the Sertoli cell or to influences from adjacent germ cells remains to be determined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 219 (1981), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Regeneration ; Spinal cord ; Neurons ; Ependyma ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The tail of the gymnotid Sternarchus albifrons, including the spinal cord, regenerates following amputation. Regenerated spinal cord shows a rostro-caudal gradient of differentiation. Cross sections of the most distal regenerated cord show radially enlarged ependymal cells, relatively undifferentiated cells, and numerous blood vessels. More anterior sections contain well differentiated electromotor neurons, glial cells, and myelinated axons. The number of electromotor-neuron cell bodies in cross sections of regenerated spinal cord is three to six times the number in nonregenerated cord. Distinct tracts of axons, easily identifiable in normal cord, are not distinguishable in cross sections of regenerated cord. Some reorganization of the spinal cord also appears to take place anterior to the site of transection. Individual electromotor neurons in the regenerated spinal cord have morphologies largely similar to those of normal electrocytes, i.e., cell bodies are rounded, lack dendrites, have synapses characterized by gap junctions with presynaptic axons, and lack an unmyelinated initial segment. The presence of electromotor neurons with normal morphology in regenerated spinal cord correlates with the re-establishment of relatively normal electrocyte axonSchwann cell relationships in the regenerating electric organ of this sternarchid.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 71
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 219 (1981), S. 209-211 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Herring bodies ; Median eminence ; Myelinated axons ; Mouse ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The posterior part of the median eminence of the albino mouse (CF # 1-JCL) contains a cluster of myelinated axons beneath the tanycyte layer. Among them, small Herring bodies surrounded by myelin sheaths are revealed by electron microscopy. These structures contain electron-dense bodies, lamellar bodies, autophagic bodies, autophagic vacuoles, and neurofilaments. A few neurosecretory granules and mitochondria are also present. Some myelinated axons contain mostly accumulated neurosecretory granules.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 219 (1981), S. 619-627 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Mosquito strains ; Blood digestion ; Serum digestion ; Proteolytic activity ; Ribosomes ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Frühere morphometrische und biochemische Untersuchungen erbrachten teilweise unterschiedliche Resultate betreffend Verteilung freier und membrangebundener Ribosomen in Mitteldarmzellen von Aedes aegypti. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde morphometrisch untersucht, ob diese Unterschiede bedingt waren durch die Verwendung verschiedener Mückenstämme, unterschiedlichen Futters und verschiedener Narkosemethoden durch die beiden Arbeitsgruppen, oder ob methodische Einflüsse dafür verantwortlich waren. Die meisten Zellparameter im Magenepithel von A. aegypti, Stamm „Rockefeller”, wie auch ihre Änderungen während der Verdauung eines Blutmahls, entsprachen den für einen andern Aedes-Stamm (Segemaganga, Hecker und Rudin 1979) gemessenen Werten und stimmten im allgemeinen mit denjenigen für Anopheles stephensi (Hecker 1978) überein. Die proteolytische Aktivität gegen Casein war bei beiden Stämmen gleich mit einem Aktivitäts-Maximum um 30h nach Blutmahl. Bei der Verdauung von menschlichem Serum konnte keine Zunahme des Verhältnisses von membrangebundenen zu freien Ribosomen, keine signifikante Oberflächenvergrößerung des rauhen endoplasmatischen Retikulums und keine signifikante Erhöhung der Zahl gebundener und freier Ribosomen gemessen werden. Die Proteaseaktivität war deutlich schwächer als während der Verdauung von Blut. Betäubung der Mücken vor der Sektion mit Aether oder durch Schütteln in Reagenzgläsern ergab im Vergleich keinen signifikanten Einfluß auf die Zellparameter von Zuckerwasser-gefütterten Weibchen, die drei Tage nach dem Schlüpfen untersucht wurden. Unterschiede in den Ribosomenparametern, die mit morphometrischen Methoden (Hecker und Rudin 1979) einerseits und biochemischen (Gander et al. 1980) andererseits untersucht wurden, konnten nur teilweise durch die Wahl unterschiedlichen Futters für die Mücken durch die beiden Arbeitsgruppen erklärt werden. Es müssen zusätzlich methodische Einflüsse für diese Unterschiede verantwortlich sein.
    Notizen: Summary Previous morphometric or biochemical investigations have yielded different data on the distribution of free and membrane-bound ribosomes in midgut cells of Aedes aegypti. In the present paper ribosomal distribution has been morphometrically analysed to determine whether different mosquito strains, different food and different narcosis used in these previous studies, and/or methodological errors, could account for the different results. Most of the cellular parameters in the stomach epithelium of female A. aegypti, strain Rockefeller, and their changes during blood digestion, are comparable to those measured for another Aedes strain (Segemaganga, Hecker and Rudin 1979), and are generally similar to those of Anopheles stephensi (Hecker 1978). Proteolytic activity against casein is similar for both Aedes strains with a maximum activity being registered around 30 h after a blood meal. During digestion of human serum there is no increase in the ratio of membranebound to free ribosomes, and no significant increase in the surface area of the rough endoplasmic reticulum or of the number of bound or free ribosomes. Proteolytic activity is distinctly lower than during blood digestion. Immobilization of mosquitoes prior to dissection by ether narcosis or by shaking in a test tube has no significant influence on cellular parameters in females fed on sugar solution and investigated 3days after emergence. It is concluded that the differences in ribosomal parameters previously obtained by morphometrical (Hecker and Rudin 1979) and biochemical (Gander et al. 1980) methods, can only partly be explained by the selection of different food for the mosquitoes, and must also have been caused by methodological inadequacies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 220 (1981), S. 51-60 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Cultured cells ; Detachment procedures ; Nuclear and cell surface ; Cytoskeleton ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Rabbit auricular chondrocytes, SIRC cells, human fibroblasts, and HeLa cells were cultivated in vitro and the fine structural effects of various detachment procedures studied. Treatment with collagenase, trypsin, and trypsin-EDTA caused scalloping of the nuclear envelope, accumulation of phagolysosomes, and an increase in the number of cell surface extensions. Collagenase-EDTA evoked a marked deformation of the nuclei with formation of numerous deep indentations and a redistribution of heterochromatin. Similarly, the cell surface became extensively folded and the vacuolation of the cytoplasm was further increased. These changes were reversible and within 24 h the cells had regained a normal structure. In all cases, chondrocytes and SIRC cells were most prominently affected, whereas fibroblasts and HeLa cells were only slightly changed. Treatment of chondrocytes with colchicine or cytochalasin B did not produce any effects of the type mentioned above. Neither did treatment with the drugs before and during detachment with collagenase-EDTA prevent the structural modification of the cells. It therefore seems unlikely that micro tubules and micro filaments are essential for this process. The structural changes occurring during detachment of cells could represent an adoptive mechanism for disposal of excessive membrane in connection with transition from a flattened to a rounded shape.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 218-220 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Nachw. von Alkaliionen an Protein, Biolog. Material ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 201-205 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Beeinflussung anorg. Folien
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 224-228 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Analyse von Muskelgewebe ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary A technique is described to obtain shockfrozen tissue specimens from a beating heart in situ using liquid propane as cooling agent. The method allows to take up to 8 samples from the ischemic area of the left ventricle of a pig heart following acute coronary artery occlusion. A freeze-drying apparatus was developed in which, under a vacuum of 10−6 mm Hg, the specimens remain for 10 days with the temperature slowly rising from initially −100
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 234-238 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Best. von Fluor in Zahngewebe ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 239-245 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Nachw. von Uran in Algen ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Dunaliella
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 79
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 253-257 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Untersuchungen von Mycobakterien ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 270-273 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Spektren, Gleichgewichtsmodell
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 309-311 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Analyse von Organ. Molekülen ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; elektronenstrahl-geschÄdigte Filme
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 82
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 297-303 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Analyse von Polymeren ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary Positive and negative ion spectra of various industrially important polymers were recorded using the Laser Microprobe Mass Analysis (LAMMA) technique. Using methods developed in earlier work [1] we interpret the ions as being generated from the polymer backbone or pendant sidechain functional groups. Results are given for polypropylene, polyacrylamide, polystyrene, polycaprolactam (Nylon 6) and polydimethylsiloxane. Mass patterns are analyzed and compared to the previous work.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 258-259 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Analyse von Bazillen ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 274-279 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Mikroanalyse von mineral. Fasern, Asbest, Glasfasern ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary Analysis of asbestos and glass fibers obtained by either environmental sampling or after longer periods of deposition in human and animal tissue revealed that the latter undergo changes of their chemical composition. Electron microscopy and LAMMA were used in these investigations. The extent of fiber dissolution could be assessed. Some fibers remained chemically unchanged. In certain fibers only some elements were partially leached out whereas in other fibers the majority of metallic elements were eluted.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 283-286 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Untersuchung von Holzschutzmitteln ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Verteilung in der Zellwand
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary The “Laser Microprobe Mass Analyzer” (LAMMA) proved to be a useful instrument for element localization in single wood cells treated with preservatives. The relative concentration of elements occurring within the cell wall can also be determined. Even those with low mass numbers, namely boron and fluorine, are identifiable. In this respect, LAMMA-analysis is preferable to electron probe X-ray microanalysis. Poles treated with CCF- or CCB-preservatives exhibit an overall gradient of ion concentration across the sapwood. Chromium becomes more strongly fixed in the wall than copper. Relative to these elements boron becomes rather irregulary distributed. Moreover, the adsorption of fluorine is considerably low.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 304-308 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Analyse von AminosÄuren, Peptiden ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 312-320 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Analyse von Metallorganoverbindungen ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary LAMMA spectrometry allows to study many kinds of insoluble and non volatile organometallic compounds. The mass peak of the positive part of such molecules can be seen in positive LAMMA spectra. It is possible at times to quickly verify the coordinance degree of metal. At last, by LAMMA spectrometry, it is even possible to describe some very intricate systems such as asphaltenes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 195-200 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; LAMMA 500, GerÄtebeschreibung
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 206-211 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Folien u. Partikel
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 221-223 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Best. von Kationen in Biolog. Material ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Stria vascularis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary It was possible to maintain the differentiated structure of inner ear tissues by freezing in supercooled propane, freeze-drying under special conditions and embedding the tissue in a low viscosity resin. Using LAMMA we were able to measure intracellular ion concentration and concentration gradients in the soft tissues such as muscle and stria vascularis specimens. The preliminary results demonstrate that the distribution of cations in the lateral wall of the cochlear duct is not uniform. The K/Na ratio in the basal cells was significantly higher (12∶1) than in the spiral ligament and middle part of the stria vascularis (7∶1). Changes of such concentration ratios recorded after anoxia suggest that an energy dependent active transport mechanism must exist in the stria vascularis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 91
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 229-233 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Identifizierung von Atomen, Molekülen in Haut ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; med. Behandlung
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 212-217 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Analyse von Biolog. Material ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Standards, Isotopenmarkierung
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary Besides a remarkably high sensitivity for light elements, laser microprobe mass spectroscopy offers two main advantages for microprobe analysis: 1) the possibility to obtain data of relatively high precision and 2) the ability to discriminate isotopes. This opens the possibility to use cold isotopes as atomic labels to study cellular or subcellular kinetics of ions or labelled organic compounds. In this study photoreceptor cells were labelled with 44Ca2+ prior to LAMMA analysis to monitor Ca2+ uptake and/or Ca2+ accumulation from extracellular sources into intracellular compartments such as the various pigment granula present in these photoreceptors. As in other microprobe techniques also LAMMA analysis requires internal standards for quantitative work. For this purpose thin films of inorganic material were shown to be useful standards when deposited (in vacuum) directly onto the specimen to be analyzed. Some metals and dielectrica have been tested for their possible suitability for standardisation procedures. Even though metals like Pt, Ag, Au, Al are excellent for thin film production, they seem to be less useful for the present purpose because their threshold for laser induced perforation and ion production is rather different from that of the specimen material. However, thin film deposits of some dielectric materials such as MgF2 turned out to be more suitable to serve as an internal standard for plastic embedded biological material in LAMMA analysis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 249-252 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Untersuchung von Flechten ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 260-269 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Untersuchung von Aerosolen ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 308 (1981), S. 280-282 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Schlagwort(e): Mikroanalyse von Boden ; Massenspektrometrie, Lasermikrosonde ; Dünnschliffe
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary Experiments with a LAMMA-500 instrument were performed in order to test whether or not thin sections of soils with a thickness of more than 15 Μm could be analysed with this instrument. Although the usual thickness of the specimens for this instrument lies between 0.1–1 Μm, it was possible to analyse such thick sections by application of laser milling in which the laser beam was aimed at grazing incidence onto the edge of the section. In this way a path was cleared through the section by erosion and the material that sputtered away along this path could be analysed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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