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  • Disease Models, Animal
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (26)
  • American Meteorological Society (AMS)
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984  (26)
  • 1984  (6)
  • 1981  (20)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (26)
  • American Meteorological Society (AMS)
  • Annual Reviews
Years
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984  (26)
Year
  • 1
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    Phenytoin-induced teratogenesis: a mouse model (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-30
    Description: Malformations associated with the fetal hydantoin syndrome have been reproduced in a mouse model. The occurrence of these defects was correlated with maternal serum concentrations, but not with maternal or fetal genotype or the presence of a seizure disorder.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Finnell, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):483-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455686" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Epilepsy/drug therapy ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Neurologic Mutants/physiology ; Phenytoin/*adverse effects ; *Teratogens
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Functional restoration of vision in the cat after long-term monocular deprivation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: Recovery of visual acuity was studied in six long-term monocularly deprived cats after removal of the nondeprived eye or reverse lid suture. Although both manipulations improved visual acuity, removal of the nondeprived eye was associated with more rapid recovery and higher find acuity than in reverse suture. These results are in agreement with the known electrophysiological effects of these recovery conditions and are also similar to the effects of reverse occlusion or loss of the nonamblyopic eye in human amblyopes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, D C -- EYO 7005/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1137-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268422" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Amblyopia/physiopathology ; Animals ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Form Perception/physiology ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Cortex/growth & development/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Carcinogen testing: current problems and new approaches (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-23
    Description: The classic procedures for testing potential carcinogens in animals have basically not changed in the past 50 years. Considerable knowledge of the mechanisms of carcinogenesis has accrued in the last 20 years, particularly concepts on the metabolic activation of chemicals to reactive electrophilic compounds that can interact with nucleophilic including DNA. These developments, in turn, have yielded a framework for integrating into carcinogen testing the determination of genetic effects of chemicals. A systematic decision point approach to carcinogen testing has been developed which entails a sequential decision-making process as specific tests are performed and evaluated prior to initiation of higher order, more complex tests. Compared to conventional bioassays in rodents, this approach provides knowledge based on mechanisms of carcinogenesis, yields a substantial amount of data at minimal cost, and forms a solid base for eventual heath risk assessment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weisburger, J H -- Williams, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 23;214(4519):401-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7291981" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Assay ; *Carcinogens ; Disease Models, Animal ; *Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Mutagens ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*etiology ; Research Design
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Drug discrimination learning in lead-exposed rats (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-01
    Description: Lead acetate (0.02 or 0.5 percent) was administered to dams throughout the lactation period with half of the litters continuing on lead after weaning. Drug thresholds for d-amphetamine were determined by using the drug-discrimination learning paradigm. All the offspring that had been exposed to lead were less sensitive to the stimulus properties of d-amphetamine irrespective of whether or not they had continued on lead after weaning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zenick, H -- Goldsmith, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 1;212(4494):569-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology ; Discrimination Learning/*physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Fetus/drug effects ; Lead Poisoning/*physiopathology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Intrahippocampal septal grafts ameliorate learning impairments in aged rats (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-03
    Description: Grafts of fetal septal tissue rich in cholinergic neurons were implanted as a dissociated cell suspension into the depth of the hippocampal formation in aged rats with severe impairments in spatial learning abilities. After 2 1/2 to 3 months, the rats with grafts, but not the controls, had improved their performance in a spatial learning test. Their improvement was due, at least in part, to an increased ability to use spatial cues in the task. In all animals the grafts had produced an extensive acetylcholinesterase-positive terminal network in the surrounding host hippocampal formation. Thus, the action of cholinergic neurons in the graft onto elements in the host hippocampal circuitry may be a necessary, but perhaps not sufficient, prerequisite for the observed functional recovery.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gage, F H -- Bjorklund, A -- Stenevi, U -- Dunnett, S B -- Kelly, P A -- AG 03766/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 3;225(4661):533-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6539949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Fetus ; Hippocampus/embryology/growth & development/*transplantation ; Humans ; *Learning ; Memory Disorders/*physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Simian AIDS: isolation of a type D retrovirus and transmission of the disease (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-09
    Description: A type D retrovirus related to but distinct from Mason-Pfizer monkey virus was isolated in vitro from the blood of two rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) with simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (SAIDS). Three juvenile rhesus monkeys that were injected intravenously with tissue culture fluids containing this virus developed SAIDS after 2 to 4 weeks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, P A -- Maul, D H -- Osborn, K G -- Lerche, N W -- Moody, P -- Lowenstine, L J -- Henrickson, R V -- Arthur, L O -- Gilden, R V -- Gravell, M -- AI20573-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- N01-CO-23910/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RR00169/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 9;223(4640):1083-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6695196" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology/transmission/*veterinary ; Animals ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Macaca/*microbiology ; Macaca mulatta/*microbiology ; Male ; Retroviridae/immunology/*isolation & purification/ultrastructure ; Viral Core Proteins ; Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology ; Viral Proteins/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Cardiac atria of BIO 14.6 hamsters are deficient in natriuretic factor (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-24
    Description: The hearts of 220-day-old hamsters of the BIO 14.6 strain are deficient in atrial natriuretic factor; saline extracts of atria produce one-third the natriuretic and diuretic effects of extracts of atria from age-matched normal hamsters. BIO 14.6 hamsters are known to develop congestive heart failure with edema when they are about 200 days old, and the venous congestion and edema are preventable by parabiosis with normal hamsters. The humoral mediator, the deficiency of which causes venous congestion and edema in BIO 14.6 hamsters, may be atrial natriuretic factor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chimoskey, J E -- Spielman, W S -- Brandt, M A -- Heidemann, S R -- HL01010/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL07404/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 24;223(4638):820-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6538050" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Atrial Function ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/*physiopathology ; Cricetinae ; Disease Models, Animal ; Heart Failure/*physiopathology ; *Natriuresis ; Natriuretic Agents ; *Protein Deficiency ; Water-Electrolyte Balance
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Trail of ironies to Parkinson's disease (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 8;224(4653):1083-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6426059" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Parkinson Disease/*etiology ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary/etiology ; Pyridines/*adverse effects ; Rats ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Substantia Nigra/drug effects ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Tyrosine increases blood pressure in hypotensive rats (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-01
    Description: Administration of tyrosine, the amino acid precursor of catecholamines, increased blood pressure 38 to 49 percent in rats made acutely hypotensive by hemorrhage; other large neutral amino acids were ineffective. Tyrosine's effect was abolished by adrenalectomy, suggesting that, in hypotensive animals, it acts by accelerating the peripheral synthesis and release of catecholamines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Conlay, L A -- Maher, T J -- Wurtman, R J -- AM-14228/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 1;212(4494):559-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenalectomy ; Animals ; Blood Pressure/*drug effects ; Catecholamines/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hypotension/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Tyrosine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    Behavioral effects of lead and Toxocara canis in mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: Adult mice were administered the common parasite Toxocara canis or lead or both. The parasite clearly altered mouse performance on tests of exploration, activity, learning, and motor coordination; behavioral effects in mice receiving lead alone were less general. Consequence of Toxocara administration appeared attenuated in animals receiving both agents. Parasite larvae were found in the central nervous system in all infected mice.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dolinsky, Z S -- Burright, R G -- Donovick, P J -- Glickman, L T -- Babish, J -- Summers, B -- Cypess, R H -- 08-K4AI00301A-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 08R1AI1478A-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 5S07RR0749-04/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1142-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268424" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ascariasis/*complications ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Brain/parasitology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Lead Poisoning/*complications/physiopathology ; Male ; Mice ; Toxocariasis/*complications/physiopathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Opiate antagonist improves neurologic recovery after spinal injury (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-30
    Description: The opiate antagonist naloxone has been used to treat cats subjected to cervical spinal trauma. In contrast to saline-treated controls, naloxone treatment significantly improved the hypotension observed after cervical spinal injury. More critically, naloxone therapy significantly improved neurologic recovery. These findings implicate endorphins in the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury and indicate that narcotic antagonists may have a therapeutic role in this condition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Faden, A I -- Jacobs, T P -- Holaday, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):493-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455690" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Pressure/*drug effects ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Naloxone/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Spinal Cord/blood supply ; Spinal Cord Injuries/*drug therapy/physiopathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Phototherapy-induced hypocalcemia in newborn rats: prevention by melatonin (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-13
    Description: When young rats are exposed to white fluorescent light the concentration of calcium in their serum decreases. This effect is prevented by shielding the occiput, by inhibiting corticosterone synthesis, and by exogenous melatonin. Furthermore, the expected hypocalcemic response to cortisol injection is prevented by melatonin. Light-induced hypocalcemia may result from increased calcium uptake by bone when the blocking effect of melatonin decreases after pineal inhibition by transcranial illumination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hakanson, D O -- Bergstrom, W H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 13;214(4522):807-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6895262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/*radiation effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/antagonists & inhibitors ; Hypocalcemia/etiology/*prevention & control ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal/therapy ; Light ; Male ; Melatonin/*pharmacology ; Phototherapy/adverse effects ; Rats ; Spectrum Analysis ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Assessment of pharmacological treatment of myocardial infarction by phosphorus-31 NMR with surface coils (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-09
    Description: Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements with small surface coils have been used to observe phosphorus metabolism of perfused hearts within localized regions. The method allows for direct, noninvasive, sequential assessment of the altered regional metabolism resulting from myocardial infarction and its response to drug treatment, which cannot be observed by conventional techniques.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nunnally, R L -- Bottomley, P A -- GM 17172/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL 17655-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 22080/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 9;211(4478):177-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444460" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chlorpromazine/therapeutic use ; Coronary Circulation/drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/*methods ; Myocardial Infarction/*diagnosis/drug therapy/metabolism ; Phosphorus/*metabolism ; Phosphorus Isotopes ; Rabbits ; Verapamil/therapeutic use
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  • 14
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    Hyperkeratosis induced by sunlight degradation products of the major polybrominated biphenyl in Firemaster (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-21
    Description: Sunlight photodegradation of 2,2', 4,4', 5,5' -hexabromobiphenyl, the major component of Firemaster, gave a mixture that produces severe hyperkeratosis of the rabbit ear. This component in its pure state does not cause hyperkeratosis. One or more of the four major photolysis products must be responsible for this activity. A similar photodegradation pattern was observed for 2,2', 3,4,4', 5,5' -heptabromobiphenyl, the second largest component of Firemaster.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Patterson, D G -- Hill, R H -- Needham, L L -- Orti, D L -- Kimbrough, R D -- Liddle, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 21;213(4510):901-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6266016" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biphenyl Compounds/radiation effects ; Chemical Industry ; Disease Models, Animal ; Environmental Exposure ; Keratosis/*chemically induced ; Michigan ; Photochemistry ; *Polybrominated Biphenyls/radiation effects ; Rabbits ; Sunlight
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  • 15
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    Giant synaptic potential hypothesis for epileptiform activity (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-16
    Description: According to one hypothesis, the paroxysmal depolarizing shift observed in the penicillin model of epilepsy results from a giant excitatory postsynaptic potential. This hypothesis has recently been questioned, primarily because it has never been subjected to rigorous experimental examination. Four quantitative predictions were derived from this hypothesis and tested in CA3 pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. The four critical predictions concern the behavior of the paroxysmal depolarizing shift under current- and voltage-clamp conditions as a function of membrane potential. The experiments confirmed all four predictions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnston, D -- Brown, T H -- NS11535/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS15772/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR-05471-17/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 16;211(4479):294-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444469" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electric Conductivity ; Epilepsy/*physiopathology ; Guinea Pigs ; Hippocampus/*physiopathology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Membrane Potentials ; Penicillin G ; Synaptic Membranes/physiology
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  • 16
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    Rapid correction of hyponatremia causes demyelination: relation to central pontine myelinolysis (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-06
    Description: The human demyelinative disorder central pontine myelinolysis may be an iatrogenic disease caused by a rapid rise in serum sodium, usually when hyponatremia is corrected. Rats treated with hypertonic saline after 3 days of vasopressin-induced hyponatremia had demyelinative lesions in the corpus striatum, lateral hemispheric white matter, cerebral cortex, hippocampal fimbria, anterior commissure, thalamus, brainstem tegmentum, and cerebellum. Thus, rapid correction of hyponatremia can lead to demyelinative lesions and may be the cause of central pontine myelinolysis in man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, B K -- Norenberg, M D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 6;211(4486):1068-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466381" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain Diseases/*etiology ; Demyelinating Diseases/*etiology/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hyponatremia/*complications ; Male ; Pons/*pathology ; Rats
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  • 17
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    Structural correlates of seizure behavior in the mongolian gerbil (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-21
    Description: Hippocampi of seizure-sensitive and seizure-resistant Mongolian gerbils were examined in search of structural correlates of seizure behavior. In animals with well-established seizure histories, differences were found in both presynaptic and postsynaptic structures. Seizing animals had less dense dendritic spines, a greater proportion of mossy tuft area devoted to presynaptic vesicles, and a smaller proportion devoted to spines. The possible relationship of these findings to epilepsy is discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paul, L A -- Fried, I -- Watanabe, K -- Forsythe, A B -- Scheibel, A B -- 5-507-RR05756-06/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 21;213(4510):924-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256289" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gerbillinae/*anatomy & histology/physiology ; Hippocampus/*anatomy & histology/ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron ; Seizures/pathology/*physiopathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Spontaneous diabetes in rats: destruction of islets is prevented by immunological tolerance (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-18
    Description: Spontaneous diabetes occurring in "BB" rats (derived from a colony of outbred Wistar rats) is the result of destruction of pancreatic islets by infiltrating mononuclear cells (insulitis) and may be a disease very similar to human juvenile onset diabetes. Both diseases probably have an autoimmune etiology. Evidence is presented that islets transplanted to diabetic BB rats are destroyed by the original disease process. Inoculation of bone marrow from normal (nondiabetes-susceptible) rat donors into neonatal BB recipients usually prevented the development of hyperglycemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Naji, A -- Silvers, W K -- Bellgrau, D -- Barker, C F -- AM19525/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM26007/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- CA18640/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 18;213(4514):1390-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6791286" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Graft Rejection ; Immune Tolerance ; Islets of Langerhans/*immunology ; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Tyrosine administration decreases vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation in the normal canine heart (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-02-13
    Description: Intravenous infusion of tyrosine (1, 2, or 4 milligrams per kilogram) for 20 to 30 minutes caused dose-dependent increases in the ventricular fibrillation threshold in normal dogs. Administration of valine, a neutral amino acid that competes with tyrosine for uptake at the blood-brain barrier, in a dose equimolar to the most effective dose of tyrosine, slightly decreased the ventricular fibrillation threshold when given alone and significantly blocked elevation of the ventricular fibrillation threshold after tyrosine infusion. Hence, tyrosine, presumably acting in the central nervous system, can protect against certain ventricular arrhythmias.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scott, N A -- DeSilva, R A -- Lown, B -- Wurtman, R J -- 21384-08/PHS HHS/ -- AM-14228/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 13;211(4483):727-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455710" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Catecholamines/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; Tyrosine/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism/*therapeutic use ; Valine/pharmacology ; Ventricular Fibrillation/*prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Fetal alcohol syndrome: embryogenesis in a mouse model (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-20
    Description: When two small doses of ethanol were administered to pregnant mice during the gastrulation stage of embryogenesis, the embryos developed craniofacial malformations closely resembling those seen in the human fetal alcohol syndrome. Striking histological changes appeared in the developing brain (neuroectoderm) within 24 hours of exposure. Decreased development of the neural plate and its derivatives apparently accounts for the craniofacial malformations. The critical exposure period is equivalent to the third week in human pregnancy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sulik, K K -- Johnston, M C -- Webb, M A -- DE 02668/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- DE 05906/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- RR 05333/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 20;214(4523):936-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6795717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Child ; Disease Models, Animal ; Embryo, Mammalian/*drug effects/ultrastructure ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Eye Abnormalities ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Pregnancy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 21
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    Thyrotropin-releasing hormone improves cardiovascular function in experimental endotoxic and hemorrhagic shock (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone significantly improved cardiovascular function when it was injected intravenously into conscious rats subjected to experimental endotoxic or hemorrhagic shock. Because thyrotropin-releasing hormone appears to be a "physiologic: opiate antagonist without effects on pain responsiveness, it may provide therapeutic benefits in the treatment of shock or acute hypotension.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holaday, J W -- D'Amato, R J -- Faden, A I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):216-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6787704" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Pressure/*drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endotoxins ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Shock, Hemorrhagic/*physiopathology ; Shock, Septic/*physiopathology ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone/*pharmacology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 22
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    beta-Endorphin: possible involvement in the antihypertensive effect of central alpha-receptor activation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: Clonidine and L-alpha-methylnoradrenaline (but not D-alpha-methylnoradrenaline) increase the release of a substance with beta-endorphin immunoreactivity from slices of brainstem of spontaneously hypertensive rats, but not that of normotensive rats. It was reported earlier that opiate antagonists inhibit the hypotensive action of clonidine and alpha-methyldopa in spontaneously hypertensive but not in normotensive rats and that beta-endorphin has hypotensive effects of its own. Together, these findings indicate that release of beta-endorphin by central alpha-receptor agonists may contribute to the antihypertensive action of these drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kunos, G -- Farsang, C -- Ramirez-Gonzales, M D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):82-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6108611" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Brain Stem/*metabolism ; Clonidine/pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endorphins/*metabolism ; Hypertension/*physiopathology ; Immunoassay ; Male ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Nordefrin/pharmacology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 23
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    Hyperthermia-induced seizures in the rat pup: a model for febrile convulsions in children (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-28
    Description: Seizures were produced in rat pups by ambient hyperthermia. Seizure threshold temperatures, measured rectally and intracerebrally, increased between 2 and 10 days of age. Electrocortical paroxysmal discharges were confirmed in hyperthermic 6- and 10-day-old pups. The increasing resistance to hyperthermic seizures with maturation and the electroencephalographic changes induced by hyperthermia are similar to those in young children.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holtzman, D -- Obana, K -- Olson, J -- NS 16256/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 28;213(4511):1034-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268407" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Brain/physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electroencephalography ; Fever/*complications ; Rats ; Seizures/*physiopathology ; Seizures, Febrile/*physiopathology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 24
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    Germplasm conservation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Russell, E S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1074, 1076.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6946561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; *Genetic Engineering ; *Genetics, Medical ; Humans ; Mice ; Mutation ; Rats
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 25
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    Intragastric self-infusion of ethanol by ethanol-preferring and -nonpreferring lines of rats (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-06
    Description: An ethanol-preferring line of rats, developed by selective breeding, consumed as much as 9.4 +/- 1.7 grams of ethanol per kilogram of body weight per day through intragastric self-infusions, yielding blood ethanol concentrations of 92 to 415 milligrams per 100 milliliters. By contrast, the ethanol- nonpreferring line self-administered only 0.7 +/- 0.2 gram per kilogram per day. These findings indicate that the reinforcing effect of ethanol is postabsorptive and is not mediated by the drug's smell or taste. Hence the ethanol-preferring line of rats may be suitable animal model of alcoholism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Waller, M B -- McBride, W J -- Gatto, G J -- Lumeng, L -- Li, T K -- AA-03243/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- MH-00203/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 6;225(4657):78-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6539502" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholism/*physiopathology ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ethanol/*administration & dosage/blood/metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Stomach/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 26
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    Prolonged survival and remyelination after hematopoietic cell transplantation in the twitcher mouse (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-09-07
    Description: The twitcher mouse is an animal model of galactosylceramidase deficiency (Krabbe's disease), a human sphingolipidosis. The effects of hematopoietic cell transplantation as potential enzyme replacement therapy were examined in the twitcher mouse. Survival in twitcher mice with transplants was significantly prolonged and was associated with gradual repair of demyelination in peripheral nerves. In contrast, there was no improvement in the neurodegenerative process in the central nervous system after transplantation. These observations indicate that cellular transplantation may effectively provide in vivo enzyme replacement for the peripheral manifestations of genetic storage diseases. Strategies to perturb the blood-brain barrier may be necessary for enzyme replacement to be therapeutic in diseases with central nervous system manifestations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yeager, A M -- Brennan, S -- Tiffany, C -- Moser, H W -- Santos, G W -- CA 15396/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- NS 13513/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR 5378/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 7;225(4666):1052-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6382609" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; *Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Brain/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Galactosidases/*deficiency ; Galactosylceramidase/*deficiency ; Hematopoiesis ; Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell/pathology/physiopathology/*therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Neurologic Mutants ; Myelin Sheath/*physiology ; Nerve Degeneration ; Spleen/cytology/*transplantation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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