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  • Artikel  (16)
  • Chlamydomonas  (16)
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  • Springer  (16)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • Copernicus
  • De Gruyter
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  • 2005-2009
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  • Biologie  (16)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Changes in chloroplast genome composition and recombination during the maturation of zygospores of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1980)
    Springer
    Current genetics 2 (1980), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Chlamydomonas ; Chloroplast ; Organelle genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary In crosses of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the chloroplast genes are normally transmitted exclusively by the maternal parent to zygospore progeny. However, transmission of the paternal chloroplast alleles can be increased markedly by certain pretreatments of the maternal parent prior to mating. As zygospores age prior to induction of meiosis, they display decreased biparental transmission of chloroplast alleles and increased transmission of chloroplast alleles from only the maternal or paternal parent. In this report, chloroplast genome composition of biparental zygospores is shown to change in several ways during zygospore maturation. Allelic ratios of chloroplast genes within biparental zygospore clones become maternally or paternally skewed as the zygospores age, cotransmission of chloroplast alleles is reduced, and recombination increases, resulting in an expansion of genetic map distances between chloroplast markers used in this cross. The recovery of unequal frequencies of zygospore progeny expressing reciprocal recombinant genotypes confirms and extends other reports of the predominance of nonreciprocal recombination in organelle genetic systems.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00445688
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Behavior of chloroplast genes during the early zygotic divisions of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1980)
    Springer
    Current genetics 1 (1980), S. 137-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Chlamydomonas ; Chloroplast genes ; Segregation ; Recombination
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Chloroplast mutations in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exhibit a predominantly maternal pattern of inheritance and this pattern can be perturbed by UV irradiation of the maternal gametes prior to mating. In a series of crosses over a range of UV doses, the transmission, segregation, and recombination of mutations at three closely linked chloroplast loci have been examined by pedigree analysis of products arising from the first three post-zygotic divisions. Stocks used in these crosses were constructed to permit identification of the nuclear products of each of the two meiotic divisions and the first post-meiotic mitotic division. A bias toward maternal alleles at all three chloroplast loci was observed in all pedigrees and in zygote clones analyzed from the same crosses many generations after meiosis. This bias decreased with increasing UV dose and with each subsequent division. Segregation of chloroplast genes was rapid during the first three post-zygotic divisions. The type of segregation event from which a given heteroplasmic cell arose had a significant effect on its most likely segregation. pattern in the subsequent division. The results presented here have been discussed in terms of published models of chloroplast gene segregation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446960
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chloroplast gene inheritance studied by somatic fusion in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1980)
    Springer
    Current genetics 1 (1980), S. 127-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Chlamydomonas ; Chloroplast ; Fusion ; Somatic
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Somatic fusion between strains of Chlamydomonas containing complementing cell-wall and auxotrophic mutations, having the same mating-type (mt) and bearing chloroplast markers, have been performed to study the mode of chloroplast gene inheritance in the fusion products. About one third of the fusion products (mt +/mt + or mt −/mt −) transmitted chloroplast markers from both parents (= biparental fusion products). The rest of the population was equally distributed between fusion products transmitting the chloroplast marker of one parent or the other (uniparental fusion products) exclusively. Incubation of the fusion products in the dark for 48 hours, immediately after the fusion, decreases the frequency of biparental fusion products. The results indicate that the general process of elimination of chloroplast alleles is independent of the presence of both mt + and mt − alleles in the cell. In contrast, directional elimination (i.e. preferential elimination of paternal chloroplast alleles) does appear to depend upon heterozygosity at the mt locus. These results are discussed in relation to the models which have been proposed to explain the maternal inheritance of chloroplast genes in Chlamydomonas.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446958
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A model for the rapid vegetative segregation of multiple chloroplast genomes in Chlamydomonas: Assumptions and predictions of the model (1980)
    Springer
    Current genetics 1 (1980), S. 113-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Chlamydomonas ; Chloroplast ; Genome ; Segregation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Physical evidence indicates that the chloroplast DNA of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is composed of approximately 75 copies of a small unique sequence. Genetic analysis of zygotes biparental for chloroplast genes shows rapid vegetative segregation of parental chloroplast alleles. Zygote clones composed entirely of homoplasmic progeny cells predominate within 10–20 post-mating generations. A model is proposed here which reconciles the high multiplicity of chloroplast genes with their rapid vegetative segregation rates. Clustering of genomes into a small number of discrete areas (nucleoids) within the chloroplast reduces the effective number of segregating units. A non-random distribution of nucleoids to daughter cells, dictated solely by the spatial arrangement of parental nucleoids with respect to the plane of chloroplast division, further increases the rate of segregation from heteroplasmic cells. Recombination between parental chloroplast genomes is viewed as an indication of nucleoid fusion, and can account for differences in the patterns and rates of segregation at different gene loci. Within such fused nucleoids, clustering of parental genomes and a non-random distribution, again based solely on physical positioning of the genomes, to daughter nucleoids, could act to promote rapid genetic purification of heteroplasmic nucleoids. The effects of biased parental nucleoid ratios, and of potentially unequal nucleoid distributions to daughter chloroplasts are also discussed with respect to observed rates and patterns of chloroplast gene segregation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446957
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Uniparental inheritance of chloroplast DNA sequences in interspecific hybrids of Chlamydomonas (1980)
    Springer
    Current genetics 2 (1980), S. 131-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Chlamydomonas ; chloroplast DNA ; genetics ; restriction analysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The meiotic transmission of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) was studied in crosses between two species of Chlamydomonas (C. moewusii and C. eugametos) which have substantial differences in cpDNA restriction patterns. The results provide a direct demonstration that cpDNA can be inherited in a uniparental pattern, paralleling the transmission of a uniparentally inherited antibiotic resistance marker. Thus, cpDNA could carry the uniparental genes of these species, but other extrachromosomal DNAs are not excluded as possible carriers. For example, C. moewusii was found to contain a set of low molecular weight (LMW) DNA species which cannot be detected in C. eugametos. These LMW DNA species are also transmitted uniparentally in the tetrads studied. Uniparentai transmission may not be an exclusive property of cpDNA in Chlamydomonas species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00420625
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization of chloroplast DNA in Chlamydomonas eugametos and C. moewusii and its inheritance in hybrid progeny (1980)
    Springer
    Current genetics 2 (1980), S. 139-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Chlamydomonas ; Chloroplast ; DNA ; Genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The density, molecular weight, and cellular repetition of DNA molecules associated with the β-DNA satellite of the interfertile algae Chlamydomonas eugametos and C. moewusii are reported. The similarities between these values and those for the chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) in the related alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii indicate that these satellites represent cpDNA. The buoyant densities of C. eugametos and C. moewusii cpDNAs are indistinguishable from one another, as are those of their respective nuclear DNAs. These densities differ slightly from the densities of the homologous components of C. reinhardtii whole cell DNA. All three species differ with respect to additional minor satellite DNAs and low molecular weight DNAs of unknown cellular location. Differences in the Aval and Smal restriction endonuclease fragmentation patterns of C. eugametos and C. moewusii cpDNAs were employed to study the inheritance of cpDNA in an F1 hybrid which had inherited a non-Mendelian streptomycin resistance marker (sr-2) from the C. eugametos mating-type plus (mt +) parent and in two homoplasmic mitotic segregants from a B 1 hybrid (F1 × C. moewusii) which had been initially heteroplasmic for the resistance marker. Although the cpDNA patterns in the F1 hybrid were similar to those of the C. eugametos ml 1 parent, important differences were noted which suggest that recombination between C. eugametos and C. moewusii cpDNA had occurred. Homoplasmic streptomycin resistant and sensitive mitotic segregants recovered from the B1 hybrid product reveal Aval restriction patterns similar to those of the respective resistant and sensitive parents. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the sr-2 marker is located in cpDNA and that C. eugametos and C. moewusii cpDNA sequences can coexist in the same chloroplast and, at least sometimes, segregate without extensive recombination. The transmission of low molecular weight DNAs characteristic of C. moewusii but of unknown cellular origin shows no direct correlation with the transmission of the sr-2 marker.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00420626
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Net synthesis of chloroplast DNA throughout the synchronized vegetative cell-cycle of Chlamydomonas (1980)
    Springer
    Current genetics 2 (1980), S. 229-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Chlamydomonas ; chloroplast DNA ; cell-cycle
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The accumulation of chloroplast and nuclear DNAs during the 12 h light and 12 h dark synchronized vegetative cell-cycle of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was monitored by the direct optical quantification of these DNAs in the analytical ultracentrifuge. Net synthesis of nuclear DNA was sharply discontinuous and this synthesis occurred during the first 6 h of the dark period. In contrast, the net synthesis of chloroplast DNA appeared continuous throughout the cell-cycle. The rate of this accumulation, however, was greatest in the dark period.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00435691
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evidence for persistence of chloroplast markers in the heteroplasmic state in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1980)
    Springer
    Current genetics 2 (1980), S. 159-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Chlamydomonas ; Chloroplast ; Organelle genetics ; Streptomycin dependence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, reciprocal crosses between strains carrying non-allelic chloroplast mutations to streptomycin dependence (sd-u) produce streptomycin sensitive (sd-u +) recombinant progeny. Transfer of these sd-u +progeny to streptomycin-containing medium results in a much higher frequency of recovery of streptomycin dependent isolates than expected by mutation. Failure to recover the more commonly encountered class of streptomycin resistant mutants also suggests that mutation is not responsible for appearance of the new dependent isolates. Backcrosses of these new sd-u isolates to strains carrying the original sd-u mutations demonstrate their allelism with the sd-u mutation contributed by the mt +parent. Earlier work by Schimmer and Arnold (1969, 1970a-d) indicated that newly isolated sensitive revertants of the streptomycin dependent mutant sd-u-3-18 also yielded high frequencies of sd-u cells but these were never analyzed genetically. We have now obtained new sd-u. isolates from streptomycin sensitive revertants of sd-u-318 and shown them all to be allelic with the original sd-u3-18 mutation. Thus “hidden” sd-u alleles can coexist with sd-u +alleles in heteroplasmic cells. These heteroplasmic cells are streptomycin sensitive in phenotype and may arise in crosses or from new mutation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00420628
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Studies on mutants deficient in the photosystem I reaction centers in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1980)
    Springer
    Current genetics 2 (1980), S. 215-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Chlamydomonas ; Photosystem I ; Nuclear mutations ; Thylakoid membranes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Genetic analysis of 25 nuclear mutants defective in the chlorophyll-protein complex CP1 was undertaken. The mutants belong to 13 complementation groups scattered throughout the nuclear genome. All these mutants lack the apoprotein of CP1 and, in addition, a specific set of six low molecular weight thylakoid polypeptides. System I particles obtained by treating WT thylakoid membranes with detergent specifically contain those polypeptides which the mutants lack. These observations suggest that a particular sub-structure of the thylakoid membrane associated with the photosystem I activity is missing from all 25 mutants studied, and that this general phenotype can result from mutation at any one of several unlinked Mendelian loci.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00435689
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An association between photorespiration and protein catabolism: Studies with Chlamydomonas (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 150 (1980), S. 392-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Schlagwort(e): Chlamydomonas ; Nitrogen cycle, photorespiratory ; Photorespiratory nitrogen cycle ; Protein catabolism
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Work demonstrating the operation of a photorespiratory N cycle in Chlamydomonas is described. NH3 release by this process is light dependent, sensitive to changes in pO2 and pCO2, and abolished by a photosystem II inhibitor. Evidence is presented which shows that this NH3 derives its N from protein rather than from freshly synthesised glutamate. Protein turnover is shown to provide amino-N at a rate sufficient to account for the highest photorespiratory N excretion observed suggesting that changes in excretion can be accounted for by increased catabolism of normally recirculating amino acids. It is equally possible however that a direct link between photorespiration and protein turnover exists, increased NH3 excretion resulting from enhanced protein turnover. The data suggest that if similar mechanisms operate in higher plants, previous estimates of the amount of N recycled in photorespiration may have been too high.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390175
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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