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  • Articles  (20)
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  • Articles  (20)
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  • Springer  (20)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Institute of Physics
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  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984  (20)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conjugate direction methods with variable storage (1982)
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 23 (1982), S. 326-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Optimization ; Quasi-Newton ; Conjugate Gradient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we study conjugate gradient algorithms for large optimization problems. These methods accelerate (or precondition) the conjugate gradient method by means of quasi-Newton matrices, and are designed to utilize a variable amount of storage, depending on how much information is retained in the quasi-Newton matrices. We are concerned with the behaviour of such methods on the underlying quadratic model, and in particular, with finite termination properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01583797
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A smoothing-out technique for min—max optimization (1980)
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 19 (1980), S. 61-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Optimization ; Nonlinear Programming ; Unconstrained Optimization ; Nondifferentiable Optimization ; Min—Max Problems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we suggest approximations for smoothing out the kinks caused by the presence of “max” or “min” operators in many non-smooth optimization problems. We concentrate on the continuous-discrete min—max optimization problem. The new approximations replace the original problem in some neighborhoods of the kink points. These neighborhoods can be made arbitrarily small, thus leaving the original objective function unchanged at almost every point ofR n . Furthermore, the maximal possible difference between the optimal values of the approximate problem and the original one, is determined a priori by fixing the value of a single parameter. The approximations introduced preserve properties such as convexity and continuous differentiability provided that each function composing the original problem has the same properties. This enables the use of efficient gradient techniques in the solution process. Some numerical examples are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581628
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The lognormal approach to predicting local distributions of selective mining unit grades (1980)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 12 (1980), S. 285-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: geostatistics ; lognormal distribution ; mine planning ; ore reserve estimation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract When planning highly selective mining operations, the challenge is to estimate mineable ore reserves that will be selected at the mining stage. From exploration data it is not possible to estimate accurately the grade (or thickness) of each future selective mining unit; however, it is possible to estimate the local distributions of these mining unit grades within large panels suitable for long-range mine planning. Application of a cut-off then allows estimation of the recovered ore tonnage and grade within each such panel. Derivation of local conditional distributions is rather simple when the grade is either normally or lognormally distributed. The geologically important lognormal case is fully described both in the stationary and the nonstationary case. Cross validations of these techniques using the exploration data of the Imouraren uranium deposit are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01029417
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The random coin method: Solution of the problem of the simulation of a random function in the plane (1980)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 12 (1980), S. 25-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: random function ; geostatistics ; simulation ; covariance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a new geostatistical method to obtain realizations of stationary random functions in the plane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01039901
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disjunctive kriging: Comparison of theory with actual results (1980)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 12 (1980), S. 305-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: disjunctive kriging ; logarithmic kriging ; gold evaluation ; geostatistics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The method of disjunctive kriging is applied to the evaluation of blocks of ore in a gold mine, and the estimated block values are compared with the true block values. First the theory of disjunctive kriging as applicable to mine valuation is presented from the user's viewpoint. The theory is then applied to process sample values originating from a large gold mine. Using the computer simulation of a number of sampling programs, estimated values and true values are compared. The disjunctive kriging estimates are also compared with estimates obtained by other methods of evaluation, including logarithmic kriging. It is shown that the results obtained, using real world data, are in complete agreement with the results expected according to the geostatistical theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01029418
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical and geostatistical methods applied to the exploration work of the Nanisivik Zn-Pb mine, Baffin Island, Canada (1980)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 12 (1980), S. 321-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: geostatistics ; kriging ; variogram analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The Nanisivik Pb-Zn deposit at Strathcona Sound, northern Baffin Island, Canada, is an orebody that is an S-shaped lens 3000 m long, 75 m wide, and 2–20 m thick. It is an epigenetic karst channel filling. Total reserves are 6.9 million short tons of 14.12% Zn, 1.4% Pb, and 1.77 oz of Ag per ton. The mine was brought into production in 1976 at a rate of 2000 short tons per day. In the preproduction phase variogram studies based only on surface holes indicated a random distribution. For the evaluation of grades and for the determination of the confidence limits, classic statistical procedures were applied. Since the drilling density was different in different ore zones, a model was developed to test the effect of different drill hole spacings on the uncertainties in the present value in a discounted cash flow model. After the initial development and mining stage, structures could be recognized in semivariograms. Studies for a best drilling grid showed that the pattern of 25 ×20 m used in the mine could be extended to 35 ×35 m, taking into account that eight stopes are mined simultaneously. For ore reserve calculations weighing factors were calculated by kriging for six universally applicable geometric situations. Only the drill holes within a block and immediately surrounding it were taken into account. A test in a well-known zone yielded satisfactory results. A test to predict highs and lows of the grade accurately enough to optimally place the pillars failed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01029419
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of drift on the experimental semivariogram (1982)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 14 (1982), S. 309-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: Bias ; drift ; semivariogram ; geostatistics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract When nonlinear drift is present, the nature of the bias in the experimental semivariogram estimator of the semivariogram function is determined by the extent and density of the sampling as well as by the drift function itself. The bias caused by drift may affect the interpretation of the experimental semivariogram over its entire range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01032592
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of local ore recoveries and ore-waste ratios at the silver bell uranium mine (1982)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 14 (1982), S. 645-660 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: geostatistics ; uranium ; production forecast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Geostatistical estimation techniques were customized to allow forecasting of production figures at the Silver Bell uranium mine (Uravan District).Surface drill hole data were used to provide a block model of kriged estimators of average uranium grades. Figures for recoverable ore grade and the ore-waste ratio are then deduced from regressive curves previously obtained from underground information and production data. Cross-validations of the entire model were performed and were found positive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01033885
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The combination of sampling and kriging in the regional estimation of coal resources (1982)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 14 (1982), S. 87-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: coal ; geostatistics ; kriging ; regional estimation ; systematic sampling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Two-dimensional systematic sampling of small plots followed by the kriging of those plots may be employed to obtain regional estimates of coal resources and measures of the accuracy of the estimates. The use of sampling makes large savings in computation possible. Two case studies involving the estimation of coal tonnage are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01083946
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exact formulas for approximating variogram function integrals (1980)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 12 (1980), S. 577-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: variogram ; geostatistics ; estimation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The application of regionalized variables requires the estimation of the variogram function and the evaluation of its integral. By representing the variogram by a polygonal function the integral may be easily approximated by closed form representations of polygonal integrals. This approach provides a basis for more extensive statistical evaluation not evident in existing approximation methods. This paper provides the closed form representations for two-dimensional variogram functions whose domain is represented by a finite collection of rectangles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01034745
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the estimation of the generalized covariance function (1982)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 14 (1982), S. 57-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: estimation ; generalized covariance function ; generalized increments ; geostatistics ; intrinsic random functions ; multicollinearity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The estimation of the generalized covariance function, K, is a major problem in the use of intrinsic random functions of order k to obtain kriging estimates. The precise estimation by least-squares regression of the parameters in polynomial models for K is made difficult by the nature of the distribution of the dependent variable and the multicollinearity of the independent variables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01037447
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of the effects of outliers and data transformation on variogram estimates for a base metal and a gold ore body (1982)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 14 (1982), S. 557-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: geostatistics ; variogram ; outliers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Variograms for gold and lead values from the Loraine and Prieska mines, respectively, indicate that data outliers can seriously distort and/or mask the real variogram patterns. Studies show that this problem is best overcome for these mines by logarithmic transformation of the data, and/or a suitable screening out of such outliers, and/or more robust variogram estimation procedures; the benefits are particularly significant when the basic data is limited.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01033879
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anisotropic hole-effect modeling (1982)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 14 (1982), S. 217-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: geostatistics ; variograms ; anisotropies ; tungsten
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The regionalization of tungsten grades at the χ deposit represents an ideal case for anisotropic hole-effect variogram modeling. The modeling technique is presented step by step and the consequences of the model on block kriging are indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01032885
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequential sampling to contour an uncertain function (1982)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 14 (1982), S. 387-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: geostatistics ; resource estimation ; geoexploration ; sampling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Sampling exploration of uncertain functions to locate critical contour levels is most effective if sampling decisions are made sequentially. A simple sequential exploration strategy, based on pseudo-Bayesian second-moment analysis, is proposed and compared with non-sequential systematic sampling. Repeated application to functions simulated pseudorandomly from stationary random processes on the line and on the plane indicates uniform superiority of the sequential strategy. The method is particularly advantageous when the function of interest,h(X), has an uncertain trend, and in general when the random process that quantifies prior uncertainty onh(X) is highly correlated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01077529
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geostatistical case studies of the advantages of lognormal-de Wijsian kriging with mean for a base metal mine and a gold mine (1982)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 14 (1982), S. 547-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: geostatistics ; kriging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Parallel variogram analyses, block kriging, and follow-up studies were effected for the lead content of part of the Prieska copper-zinc ore body and for the gold content of the highly variable Breef in a section of the Loraine gold mine, based first on untransformed values and second on logarithmically transformed values using the lognormal-de Wijsian model. For both models the effect was also analyzed of using the population mean or ignoring it. Practical follow-up comparisons confirm theoretical considerations and show that on these mines conditional biases can be eliminated conveniently by kriging with mean; also that the lognormal-de Wijsian model with mean gives the best results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01033878
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new augmented Lagrangian function for inequality constraints in nonlinear programming problems (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 36 (1982), S. 495-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimization ; nonlinear programming ; Numerical methods ; computational methods ; augmented Lagrangian functions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, a new augmented Lagrangian function is introduced for solving nonlinear programming problems with inequality constraints. The relevant feature of the proposed approach is that, under suitable assumptions, it enables one to obtain the solution of the constrained problem by a single unconstrained minimization of a continuously differentiable function, so that standard unconstrained minimization techniques can be employed. Numerical examples are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940544
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Equivalence theorem for constrained optimization of the LegendreK-transform of a concave function (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 38 (1982), S. 25-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimization ; Kuhn-Tucker theorem ; LegendreK-transform ; equilibrium composition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The most common way of determining the steady states of a system is through the optimization of a concave function on a convex set. This applies only to cases where the objective function depends exclusively onextensive variables. In fields such as econometrics, physics, or chemistry, controllable quantities (and therefore constrained variables) are generally referred to asintensive parameters, and the states are described through a potential function. In the following pages, we examine how these two aspects can be connected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00934320
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
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    An approach to the solution of the vector optimization problem of dynamic systems (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 38 (1982), S. 409-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimization ; scalar optimization ; vector optimization ; optimization under vector-valued criteria ; maximum principle ; dynamic programming ; optimization of dynamic systems ; multi-criteria decision problems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The optimal control problem with vector-valued criteria is considered. A new approach to the generalization of this problem and a method of constructing the Bellman function are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00935346
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
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    System theory: A new approach to wave mechanics (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 32 (1980), S. 463-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimization ; control ; relativity ; stochastic processes ; wave mechanics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The intention of this paper is to show how the influence of the work of Bellman has initiated a tentative new approach to quantum mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00934034
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  • 20
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    On the convergence, invariance, and related aspects of a modification of Huang's algorithm (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 37 (1982), S. 315-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimization ; unconstrained minimization ; updates ; line searches ; convergence ; numerical methods
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider a certain generalization of the Huang family of updates and discuss, firstly, convergence, dependence on parameters, and descent property; secondly, invariance under nonlinear scaling, conjugacy of search directions, and possibility of achieving a better approximation of the inverse of the Hessian. The last three aspects are shown to be dependent on particular choices of parameters. A numerical experiment is presented comparing the performances of the usual and modified BFGS algorithms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00935273
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