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  • 1
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    Mathematical programming 23 (1982), S. 326-340 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Optimization ; Quasi-Newton ; Conjugate Gradient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we study conjugate gradient algorithms for large optimization problems. These methods accelerate (or precondition) the conjugate gradient method by means of quasi-Newton matrices, and are designed to utilize a variable amount of storage, depending on how much information is retained in the quasi-Newton matrices. We are concerned with the behaviour of such methods on the underlying quadratic model, and in particular, with finite termination properties.
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  • 2
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    Mathematical programming 19 (1980), S. 61-77 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Optimization ; Nonlinear Programming ; Unconstrained Optimization ; Nondifferentiable Optimization ; Min—Max Problems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we suggest approximations for smoothing out the kinks caused by the presence of “max” or “min” operators in many non-smooth optimization problems. We concentrate on the continuous-discrete min—max optimization problem. The new approximations replace the original problem in some neighborhoods of the kink points. These neighborhoods can be made arbitrarily small, thus leaving the original objective function unchanged at almost every point ofR n . Furthermore, the maximal possible difference between the optimal values of the approximate problem and the original one, is determined a priori by fixing the value of a single parameter. The approximations introduced preserve properties such as convexity and continuous differentiability provided that each function composing the original problem has the same properties. This enables the use of efficient gradient techniques in the solution process. Some numerical examples are presented.
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  • 3
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    Mathematical programming 47 (1990), S. 175-201 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Optimization ; linear programming ; complexity ; polynomial time algorithms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We present an algorithm for linear programming which requires O(((m+n)n 2+(m+n)1.5 n)L) arithmetic operations wherem is the number of constraints, andn is the number of variables. Each operation is performed to a precision of O(L) bits.L is bounded by the number of bits in the input. The worst-case running time of the algorithm is better than that of Karmarkar's algorithm by a factor of $$\sqrt {m + n} $$ .
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  • 4
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 36 (1982), S. 495-519 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimization ; nonlinear programming ; Numerical methods ; computational methods ; augmented Lagrangian functions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, a new augmented Lagrangian function is introduced for solving nonlinear programming problems with inequality constraints. The relevant feature of the proposed approach is that, under suitable assumptions, it enables one to obtain the solution of the constrained problem by a single unconstrained minimization of a continuously differentiable function, so that standard unconstrained minimization techniques can be employed. Numerical examples are reported.
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  • 5
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 38 (1982), S. 83-96 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Numerical methods ; multiple shooting method ; optimal control ; aircraft trajectories ; flight mechanics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Three-dimensional minimum-time 180° turns of a fighter aircraft are computed for several initial velocitiesV 0 and altitudesh 0. It is shown that the optimum turns consist of split -S maneuvers forV 0≦V 10, three-dimensional maneuvers forV 10〈V 0〈V 20, and half-loops forV 0≧V 20, withV 10,V 20 being functions of altitude or thrust/weight ratio.
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  • 6
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 38 (1982), S. 25-31 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimization ; Kuhn-Tucker theorem ; LegendreK-transform ; equilibrium composition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The most common way of determining the steady states of a system is through the optimization of a concave function on a convex set. This applies only to cases where the objective function depends exclusively onextensive variables. In fields such as econometrics, physics, or chemistry, controllable quantities (and therefore constrained variables) are generally referred to asintensive parameters, and the states are described through a potential function. In the following pages, we examine how these two aspects can be connected.
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  • 7
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 38 (1982), S. 409-422 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimization ; scalar optimization ; vector optimization ; optimization under vector-valued criteria ; maximum principle ; dynamic programming ; optimization of dynamic systems ; multi-criteria decision problems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The optimal control problem with vector-valued criteria is considered. A new approach to the generalization of this problem and a method of constructing the Bellman function are given.
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  • 8
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 39 (1983), S. 89-104 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Differential games ; optimal strategies ; value of a game ; terminal cost function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A two-person, zero-sum differential game with general type phase constraints and terminal (not fixed) cost function is investigated. Player II (possessing complete information) can choose any strategy in the Varaiya-Lin sense, while his opponent (having incomplete information) can select any lower II-strategy introduced by Friedman (Ref. 1). The existence of a value and an optimal player II's strategy is obtained under assumptions ensuring that the sets of all admissible trajectories for the two players are compact in the Banach space of all continuous functions. The present paper largely extends the results of Ref. 2.
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  • 9
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 30 (1980), S. 53-71 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Parallel processing ; nonlinear two-point boundary-value problems ; optimal control ; parallel shooting ; parallel integration ; parallel minimization algorithms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes a collection of parallel optimal control algorithms which are suitable for implementation on an advanced computer with the facility for large-scale parallel processing. Specifically, a parallel nongradient algorithm and a parallel variablemetric algorithm are used to search for the initial costate vector that defines the solution to the optimal control problem. To avoid the computational problems sometimes associated with simultaneous forward integration of both the state and costate equations, a parallel shooting procedure based upon partitioning of the integration interval is considered. To further speed computations, parallel integration methods are proposed. Application of this all-parallel procedure to a forced Van der Pol system indicates that convergence time is significantly less than that required by highly efficient serial procedures.
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  • 10
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 30 (1980), S. 137-147 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Discontinuous differential equations ; optimal control ; Filippov solutions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract When dealing with the time-optimal problem for linear control systems, there may be a difference between optimal open-loop control and corresponding synthesized feedback control, since in the latter case one is led to allow for generalized (Filippov) solutions. In this note, it is shown that the set of two-dimensional linear control systems with a convex polyhedron as control domain, which exhibit such paradoxical behavior (completely characterized by Brunovský), has a nonempty interior, in a natural and appropriately defined topology on the space of all such linear control systems.
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  • 11
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 31 (1980), S. 195-205 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: State-variable discontinuities ; maximum principle ; fisheries management ; optimal control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Consideration is given to continuous-time, parameter-dependent optimal control problems with state-variable jump discontinuities atN variable interior times. A maximum principle involving known costate jump conditions is stated and is proved by transforming the problem into a standard Mayer control problem. An illustrative example for fisheries management is included.
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  • 12
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 31 (1980), S. 553-564 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Differential games ; perturbation theory ; systems order reduction ; large-scale systems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract For interconnected systems with slow and fast modes, we analyze a multimodel design of a Nash equilibrium strategy. Decision makers use different models of the same system to obtain a composite strategy that approximates the exact Nash strategy. It is discussed in what sense this approximation holds.
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  • 13
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 31 (1980), S. 565-581 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Boundary-value problems ; elliptic control problems ; multigrid methods ; numerical methods ; optimal control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Elliptic control problems with a quadratic cost functional require the solution of a system of two elliptic boundary-value problems. We propose a fast iterative process for the numerical solution of this problem. The method can be applied to very special problems (for example, Poisson equation for a rectangle) as well as to general equations (arbitrary dimensions, general region). Also, nonlinear problems can be treated. The work required is proportional to the work taken by the numerical solution of a single elliptic equation.
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  • 14
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 32 (1980), S. 17-37 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Sensitivity analysis ; dynamic optimization ; optimal control ; near-optimal control ; Pontryagin's minimum principle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract To find the optimal control of chemical processes, Pontryagin's minimum principle can be used. In practice, however, one is not only interested in the optimal solution, which satisfies the restrictions on the control, the initial and terminal conditions, and the process parameters. It is also important to known how the optimal control and the minimum value of the objective function change, due to small variations in all the restrictions and the parameters. It is shown how to determine the effect of these variations directly from the optimal solution. This saves computer time, compared with the more traditional sensitivity analysis based on computing the optimal control for every single variation considered. The theory is applied to a chemical process.
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  • 15
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 32 (1980), S. 327-343 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Linear systems ; quadratic costs ; regulator problem ; optimal control ; partial state information
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The deterministic linear-system, quadratic-cost optimal control problem is considered when the only state information available is a partial linear observation of the initial statex 0. Thus, it is only known that the initial condition belongs to a particular linear variety. A control function is found which is optimal, in the sense (roughly) that (i) it can be computed using available information aboutx 0 and (ii) no other control function which can be found using that information gives lower cost than it does for every initial condition that could have given rise to the information. The optimal control can be found easily from the conventional Riccati equation of optimal control. Applications are considered in the presence of unknown exponential disturbances and to the case with a sequence of partial state observations.
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  • 16
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 32 (1980), S. 365-377 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Differential games ; pursuit and evasion ; capture avoidance ; linear games
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We formulate the problems of capture and avoidance as differential games with terminal cost, thus avoiding some difficulties arising from choosing the terminal time or the closest distance as the cost. This puts capture and avoidance in the context of differential games, in the sense of Isaacs. The results are illustrated via linear differential games with hard control constraints.
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  • 17
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 32 (1980), S. 463-478 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimization ; control ; relativity ; stochastic processes ; wave mechanics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The intention of this paper is to show how the influence of the work of Bellman has initiated a tentative new approach to quantum mechanics
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  • 18
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 32 (1980), S. 577-593 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Numerical methods ; computing methods ; optimal control ; optimality properties ; supplementary optimality properties ; gradient methods ; gradient-restoration algorithms ; sequential gradient-restoration algorithms ; general boundary conditions ; nondifferential constraints
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, sequential gradient-restoration algorithms for optimal control problems are considered, and attention is focused on the gradient phase. It is shown that the Lagrange multipliers associated with the gradient phase not only solve the auxiliary minimization problem of the gradient phase, but are also endowed with a supplementary optimality property: they minimize the error in the optimality conditions, subject to the multiplier differential equations and boundary conditions, for given state, control, and parameter.
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  • 19
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 40 (1983), S. 595-623 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimization ; partial differential equations ; elasticity ; control ; design sensitivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The dependence of the static response and the eigenvalues of a membrane on its shape is characterized. A transformation function is defined to determine the shape of the membrane. Differential operator properties and transformation techniques of integral calculus are employed to show that the static response and the eigenvalues of the system depend in a continuous and differentiable way on the shape of the membrane. Explicit and computable formulas are presented for the derivative (first variation) of the structural response and the eigenvalues with respect to the shape. A rigorous proof is provided, and the shape design sensitivity of a typical integral functional is determined.
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  • 20
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 41 (1983), S. 587-598 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Differential games ; first reachability of sets ; playability ; pursuit-evasion problem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider a qualitative differential game between two players, each with their own respective target. A player's objective is to steer the response of a dynamical system under the control of both players into his own target before his opponent can steer it to his. The sufficiency conditions given by Getz and Leitmann (Ref. 2), which ensure termination on a particular target, are improved. The theory is illustrated by a pursuit-evasion problem.
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  • 21
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 65 (1990), S. 29-40 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Constrained control ; optimal control ; linear programming ; perturbed systems
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The problem of control in the presence of unknown but limited disturbance for a discrete-time linear system with polyhedral input and state bounds is investigated. Two problems are considered: that of reaching an assigned target set in the state space; and that of keeping the state in a given region using the available controls. In both cases, a solution is given via linear programming. A computational procedure for the control synthesis is proposed which can be implemented to obtain a feedback control.
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  • 22
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    Mathematical methods of operations research 34 (1990), S. 43-58 
    ISSN: 1432-5217
    Keywords: Linear Search ; Optimization ; Absolutely Continuous distributions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein Objekt, das sich in zufälliger Position auf einer Strecke befindet, soll gesucht werden; der Startpunkt liegt im Inneren der Strecke. Für die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit bei der Suche ist eine obere Schranke gegeben; der Suchpfad muß stetig sein, wobei beliebig viele Richtungsänderungen zugelassen sind. Das Ziel ist die Minimierung der erwarteten Zeit bis zum Erreichen des Objekts. Unter der Voraussetzung einer absolut stetigen Verteilung für die Position des Objekts werden hinreichende Bedingungen für die Optimalität eines Suchpfades angegeben.
    Notes: Abstract The linear search problem is concerned with the search for a target located randomly on a line. The target being sought for might be on either side of some starting point. A searcher makes for the target with an upper bound on his speed, using a continuous search path in which he changes his direction many times before reaching his goal. The minimality of average distance (time) from the starting point upon reaching the target is the measure of optimality of search paths. We have obtained sufficient conditions that guarantee the minimality of such search paths whenever the target has an absolutely continuous distribution.
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  • 23
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 37 (1982), S. 115-119 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Differential games ; isochronous capture ; stroboscopic strategy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In Ref. 1, Hájek formulated the conjecture that isochronous capture is necessarily stroboscopic in linear differential games. Here, it is shown that this conjecture is not valid.
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  • 24
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 40 (1983), S. 321-331 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimization ; necessary conditions ; Kuhn-Tucker theorem ; multiplier rules ; separation of convex sets ; mathematical programming ; generalized derivatives
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider the following abstract mathematical programming problem: in a setD, find an element that optimizes a real function φ0, subject to inequality constraints φ1⩽0, ..., φ p ⩽0 and equality constraints φ p+1=0, ..., φ p+q =0. Necessary conditions for this problem, like the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker theorem, can be seen as a consequence of separating with a hyperplane two convex sets inR p+q+1, the image space of the map Φ=(φ0, φ1, ..., φ p+q ). This paper reviews this approach and organizes it into a coherent way of looking at necessary conditions in optimization theory.
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  • 25
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 36 (1982), S. 253-262 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Differential games ; Nash equilibria ; open-loop strategies ; closed-loop strategies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract It is well known that, in general, Nash equilibria in open-loop strategies do not coincide with those in closed-loop strategies. This note identifies a class of differential games in which the Nash equilibrium in closed-loop strategies is degenerate, in the sense that it depends on time only. Consequently, the closed-loop equilibrium is also an equilibrium in open-loop strategies.
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  • 26
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 37 (1982), S. 251-275 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Economics ; political cycles ; discrete dynamic systems ; dynamic programming ; optimal control ; Poincaré mapping ; Stieltjes matrix ; optimization in Hilbert space ; infinite horizon ; turnpike theorem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Under the hypothesis of a myopic electorate, vote-loss-minimizing behavior by the party in power, subject to a dynamic inflation-unemployment relation, is shown to generate an attractive, stable electoral policy cycle. The model presented is derived, with some improvements, from the analogous models of MacRae and Nordhaus. Furthermore, an attempt is made to specify the mathematical aspects of the problem by the Poincaré mapping.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 37 (1982), S. 315-341 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimization ; unconstrained minimization ; updates ; line searches ; convergence ; numerical methods
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider a certain generalization of the Huang family of updates and discuss, firstly, convergence, dependence on parameters, and descent property; secondly, invariance under nonlinear scaling, conjugacy of search directions, and possibility of achieving a better approximation of the inverse of the Hessian. The last three aspects are shown to be dependent on particular choices of parameters. A numerical experiment is presented comparing the performances of the usual and modified BFGS algorithms.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 38 (1982), S. 111-135 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Minimax problems ; minimax function ; minimax function depending on the state ; minimax function depending on the control ; optimal control ; minimax optimal control ; numerical methods ; computing methods ; transformation techniques ; gradient-restoration algorithms ; sequential gradient-restoration algorithms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In a previous paper (Part 1), we presented general transformation techniques useful to convert minimax problems of optimal control into the Mayer-Bolza problem of the calculus of variations [Problem (P)]. We considered two types of minimax problems: minimax problems of Type (Q), in which the minimax function depends on the state and does not depend on the control; and minimax problems of Type (R), in which the minimax function depends on both the state and the control. Both Problem (Q) and Problem (R) can be reduced to Problem (P). In this paper, the transformation techniques presented in Part 1 are employed in conjunction with the sequential gradient-restoration algorithm for solving optimal control problems on a digital computer. Both the single-subarc approach and the multiple-subarc approach are employed. Three test problems characterized by known analytical solutions are solved numerically. It is found that the combination of transformation techniques and sequential gradient-restoration algorithm yields numerical solutions which are quite close to the analytical solutions from the point of view of the minimax performance index. The relative differences between the numerical values and the analytical values of the minimax performance index are of order 10−3 if the single-subarc approach is employed. These relative differences are of order 10−4 or better if the multiple-subarc approach is employed.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 38 (1982), S. 97-109 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Minimax problems ; minimax function ; minimax function depending on the state ; minimax function depending on the control ; optimal control ; minimax optimal control ; numerical methods ; computing methods ; transformation techniques ; gradient-restoration algorithms ; sequential gradient-restoration algorithms
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper contains general transformation techniques useful to convert minimax problems of optimal control into the Mayer-Bolza problem of the calculus of variations [Problem (P)]. We consider two types of minimax problems: minimax problems of Type (Q), in which the minimax function depends on the state and does not depend on the control; and minimax problems of Type (R), in which the minimax function depends on both the state and the control. Both Problem (Q) and Problem (R) can be reduced to Problem (P). For Problem (Q), we exploit the analogy with a bounded-state problem in combination with a transformation of the Jacobson type. This requires the proper augmentation of the state vectorx(t), the control vectoru(t), and the parameter vector π, as well as the proper augmentation of the constraining relations. As a result of the transformation, the unknown minimax value of the performance index becomes a component of the parameter vector being optimized. For Problem (R), we exploit the analogy with a bounded-control problem in combination with a transformation of the Valentine type. This requires the proper augmentation of the control vectoru(t) and the parameter vector π, as well as the proper augmentation of the constraining relations. As a result of the transformation, the unknown minimax value of the performance index becomes a component of the parameter vector being optimized. In a subsequent paper (Part 2), the transformation techniques presented here are employed in conjunction with the sequential gradient-restoration algorithm for solving optimal control problems on a digital computer; both the single-subarc approach and the multiple-subarc approach are discussed.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 40 (1983), S. 433-450 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Approximation ; diffusions ; optimal control ; stochastic maximum principle
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The stochastic maximum principle gives a necessary condition for the optimal control problem for diffusions. If the controlled diffusion is approximated by a controlled Markov chain, and if approximating controls are chosen to maximize a Hamiltonian for the chain, then it is shown using weak convergence that the chains converge to a diffusion with a control satisfying the necessary condition of the maximum principle, and the corresponding costs also converge.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 41 (1983), S. 239-260 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Controllability ; optimal control ; differential equations ; functional-integral equations ; nonsmooth analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We derive sufficient conditions for controllability and necessary conditions for minimum in nonsmooth optimal control problems defined by differential or functional-integral equations with isoperimetric and unilateral restrictions. We consider the cases when the controls are relaxed or chosen fromabundant sets of original (ordinary) controls (which include most, or all, of the control sets studied in the literature). We prove that, if there exist optimal strictly original controls (that is, controls that are optimal in an abundant set but not among relaxed controls), then the problem admits abnormal extremals. We also study the abnormality of the optimal strictly original controls themselves.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 41 (1983), S. 327-339 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Predictive guidance ; optimal control ; controllability index ; interception ; rendezvous ; control law ; miss distance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A more general and complete predictive guidance problem is considered using optimal control theory. The optimal control law for interception and rendezvous is developed for a system with controllability indexn. The implementation scheme and the effect on miss distance due to errors in guidance are discussed. Finally, an example for a system with controllability index 4 is presented for an interceptor with damping ratio and natural frequency. The solution is presented in closed form.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 64 (1990), S. 5-14 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Sridhar filtering theory ; optimal control ; time-varying models ; adaptive filters ; nonlinear filters ; convergence in thepth mean
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A nonlinear time-varying adaptive filter is introduced, and its derivation using optimal control concepts is given in detail. The filter, which is called the discrete Pontryagin filter, is basically an extension to Sridhar filtering theory. The proposed approach can easily replace the conventional methods of autoregressive (AR) and autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models in their many applications. Instead of using a large number of time-invariant parameters to describe the signal or the time series, a single time-varying function is enough. This function is estimated using optimization techniques. Many features are gained using this approach, such as simpler and compact filter equations and better overall accuracy. The statistical properties of the filter are given, and it is shown that the signal estimate will converge in thepth mean to the true value.
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  • 34
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 65 (1990), S. 501-518 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Differential games ; value function ; programmed maximin function ; dispersal surface ; focal surface
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, the game of the optimal approach of two identical inertial pursuers to a noninertial evader is investigated. The duration of the game is fixed. The payoff functional is the distance between the evader and the closest pursuer when the game terminates. The value function is constructed for all possible positions of the game. The regions where the pursuit is one-to-one and the regions where it is essentially collective are described algorithmically. Some analogies between this game and the linear differential game with elliptical vectograms are indicated. It is noted that the focal surface and the dispersal surface are in proximity of one another.
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  • 35
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 66 (1990), S. 211-226 
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    Keywords: Distributed-parameter systems ; optimal control ; maximum principle ; singular mass matrix
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A maximum principle for the open-loop optimal control of a vibrating system relative to a given convex index of performance is investigated. Though maximum principles have been studied by many people (see, e.g., Refs. 1–5), the principle derived in this paper is of particular use for control problems involving mechanical structures. The state variable satisfies general initial conditions as well as a self-adjoint system of partial differential equations together with a homogeneous system of boundary conditions. The mass matrix is diagonal, constant, and singular, and the viscous damping matrix is diagonal. The maximum principle relates the optimal control with the solution of the homogeneous adjoint equation in which terminal conditions are prescribed in terms of the terminal values of the optimal state variable. An application of this theory to a structural vibrating system is given in a companion paper (Ref. 6).
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  • 36
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 36 (1982), S. 409-417 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimal design ; optimal control ; dynamic systems ; gantry cranes
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Problems arising in the optimal control of gantry crane instaliations are considered. Continuous controls to minimize a control squared objective function are obtained. The amplitude of in-plane oscillations of the suspended mass is assumed small. The optimal controls are sufficiently simple for practical realization.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 36 (1982), S. 521-534 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Darboux points ; global optimality ; conjugate points ; optimal control
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The question of the existence and the location of Darboux points (beyond which global optimality is lost) is crucial for minimal sufficient conditions for global optimality and for computation of optimal trajectories. Here, we investigate numerically the Darboux points and their relationship with conjugate points for a problem of minimum fuel, constant velocity, horizontal aircraft turns to capture a line. This simple second-order optimal control problem shows that ignoring the possible existence of Darboux points may play havoc with the computation of optimal trajectories.
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  • 38
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 37 (1982), S. 69-87 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Differential games ; singular arcs ; saddle points ; two-point boundary-value problems ; switching times ; closed-loop solutions ; inverse systems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper develops a numerical technique to solve a class of zero-sum differential games with singular control. By using this technique and the application of inverse systems, a near-optimal closed-loop technique is developed to generate a numerical solution to this class of problems.
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  • 39
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 37 (1982), S. 121-122 
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    Keywords: Differential games ; pursuit and evasion ; captureavoidance ; linear games
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Corrections to some results of Ref. 1 are stated.
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  • 40
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 38 (1982), S. 581-598 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Differential games ; optimal strategies ; value of a game
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A differential game of prescribed duration with general-type phase constraints is investigated. The existence of a value in the Varaiya-Lin sense and an optimal strategy for one of the players is obtained under assumptions ensuring that the sets of all admissible trajectories for the two players are compact in the Banach space of all continuous functions. These results are next widened on more general games, examined earlier by Varaiya.
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  • 41
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 41 (1983), S. 169-184 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Numerical methods ; computing methods ; optimal control ; optimality properties ; supplementary optimality properties ; gradient algorithms ; gradient-restoration algorithms ; sequential gradient-restoration algorithms ; restoration algorithms ; general boundary conditions ; nondifferential constraints
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, sequential gradient-restoration algorithms for optimal control problems are considered, and attention is focused on the restoration phase. It is shown that the Lagrange multipliers associated with the restoration phase not only solve the auxiliary minimization problem of the restoration phase, but are also endowed with a supplementary optimality property: they minimize a special functional, quadratic in the multipliers, subject to the multiplier differential equations and boundary conditions, for given state, control, and parameter.
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  • 42
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 64 (1990), S. 293-310 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Differential games ; feedback Nash equilibria ; renewable resources ; common-property fishery
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The paper deals with a problem of optimal management of a common-property fishery, modelled as a two-player differential game. Under nonclassical assumptions on harvest rates and utilities, a feedback Nash equilibrium is determined, using a bionomic equilibrium concept. Later on, this assumption is relaxed and a feedback Nash equilibrium is established under minimal hypotheses.
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  • 43
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 64 (1990), S. 331-347 
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    Keywords: Optimization ; learning systems ; nonconvex programming ; process synthesis
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Optimization techniques are finding increasingly numerous applications in process design, in parallel to the increase of computer sophistication. The process synthesis problem can be stated as a largescale constrained optimization problem involving numerous local optima and presenting a nonlinear and nonconvex character. To solve this kind of problem, the classical optimization methods can lead to analytical and numerical difficulties. This paper describes the feasibility of an optimization technique based on learning systems which can take into consideration all the prior information concerning the process to be optimized and improve their behavior with time. This information generally occurs in a very complex analytical, empirical, or know-how form. Computer simulations related to chemical engineering problems (benzene chlorination, distillation sequence) and numerical examples are presented. The results illustrate both the performance and the implementation simplicity of this method.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 65 (1990), S. 305-319 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimization ; shunt capacitors ; distribution feeders ; control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Loads on electric utility systems have two components: active power (measured in kilowatts) and reactive power (measured in kilovars). Active power has to be generated at the power plant, whereas reactive power can be provided by either power plants or capacitors. It is a well-known fact that shunt power capacitors are the most economical source to meet the reactive power requirements of inductive loads and transmission lines operating at a lagging power factor. This paper describes new contributions to the problem of optimization of size and control setting of shunt capacitors on distribution feeders, so that the losses along the feeder are minimized. The variation of the KVAR of the load on the feeder with the distance from the substation is assumed to be linear. The parameters of this function are estimated from the available KVAR loading on the feeder first by using least-square techniques and then by using least-absolute-value parameter estimation techniques. The results obtained are compared with that obtained if the current profile is assumed to be uniformly distributed on the feeder. Our results show that the optimum size of the capacitor bank as well as its optimum location depend on the parameters of the model used for the load. Also, our results show a large saving in the size of the capacitor banks used with a considerable per-unit-loss reduction along the feeder.
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  • 45
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 65 (1990), S. 331-362 
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    Keywords: Distributed systems ; optimal control ; stabilization
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper considers the problem of the stabilization and control of distributed systems with time-dependent spatial domains. The evolution of the spatial domains with time is described by a finite-dimensional system of ordinary differential equations, while the distributed systems are described by first-order or second-order linear evolution equations defined on appropriate Hilbert spaces. First, results pertaining to the existence and uniqueness of solutions of the system equations are presented. Then, various optimal control and stabilization problems are considered. The paper concludes with some examples which illustrate the application of the main results.
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