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  • Articles  (7)
  • Mice
  • Springer  (7)
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • 1995-1999
  • 1975-1979  (7)
  • 1979  (7)
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  • Articles  (7)
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Years
  • 1995-1999
  • 1975-1979  (7)
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Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 19-26 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone diseases ; Familial hypophosphatemia ; Magnesium ; Mice ; Phosphorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary A new genetic mutant in mice,Hyp, has been proposed as a model for the human disease X-linked hypophosphatemia (the most common form of vitamin D-resistant rickets). The gene is X-linked, dominant, and produces reduced renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate, hypophosphatemia, and dwarfism. Our goal was to evaluate the skeletal changes histologically and to measure chemically the prominant blood and bone minerals to judge the suitability of this mutant as a model for the human disease. Thirteen-week-old hemizygousHyp male mice were compared with their normal littermate controls. TheHyp mice were hypocalcemic, hypophosphatemic, hypermagnesemic, and had elevated plasma alkaline phosphatase. The femur ash weighed less than half the normal ash weight but had a normal Ca:P ratio. The ash composition was high in %Na and K but low in %Mg. The mandibular incisor ash was also low in %Mg. Histologically the femur showed wide osteoid borders and wide epiphyseal plate. Microradiography revealed reduced bone density and enlarged osteocyte lacunae. Skeletal muscle samples, although smaller in theHyp mice, showed no striking alternations in inorganic or total phosphate content, dry weight (as % wet weight), or extracellular fluid space. TheHyp gene in mice seems to produce a condition similar to that of X-linked hypophosphatemia in humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 28 (1979), S. 259-262 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: C-type virus particles ; Bone tissue ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The proximal tibial metaphysis of apparently healthy strain 101 mice, 3–4 weeks old, and (C3H×101)F1 hybrids, 3–48 weeks old, was studied by electron microscopy. Budding, immature, and mature C-type virus particles were found within trabecular bone tissue of 3 of 8 strain 101 and 4 of 12 (C3H×101)F1 mice. The particles were most common in lacunae of aging osteocytes and were only occasionally associated with osteoblasts. Although the morphology of budding and immature particles appeared to be identical with that of typical C-type viruses, most of the mature forms of particles showed atypical structure and size. The electron-dense core was very large and not clearly defined, measuring approximately 70–130 nm in diameter. This diffuse core sometimes completely filled the space within the envelope of the particles. The diameters of the pleomorphic mature C-type particles ranged from approximately 90 to 150 nm. The possible association between the production of pleomorphic C-type virus particles by bone cells and spontaneous osteomagenesis in 101 and (C3H × 101)F1 mice is discussed.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 54 (1979), S. 169-175 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Mice ; Reciprocal crossing of lines ; Accumulated response to selection free of inbreeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Mass selection of mice was conducted in populations of various size for 16 generations. Each selected population (E) corresponded to an analogous unselected population (C). The experiment was conducted in three replicates. After the 16th generation the replicates of the selected and control lines were crossed. Reciprocal crossing within the control lines gave better results than reciprocal crossing of the selected lines, despite the fact that the selected mice were characterised by a higher inbreeding coefficient. Larger effects were also obtained when crossing smaller rather than larger populations. This result is understandable since the animals from the smaller populations were characterised by higher inbreeding coefficients. The effect of heterosis was higher upon crossing the control lines rather than the selected ones and this caused a decreased the response to selection in almost all the traits investigated.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 55 (1979), S. 279-284 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Mating system ; Selection ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A reticulate mating system is described which was designed by the late R.A. Fisher to permit the introduction of new genetic variability into an improved stock by immigration. Analysis of part of a long-term experiment to alter the degree of dominance of the mutant Sd in mice using the system demonstrates a rapid response. Its applicability to stocks of animals of economic value is considered.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 55 (1979), S. 209-223 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Maternal effects ; Body composition ; Selection ; Growth ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effect of the postnatal maternal environment, simulated by rearing mice in litters of three, six or nine, on body weight and body composition was investigated in three lines of mice differing widely in growth rate. The lines were selected for high (H6) and low (L6) 6-week body weight while the control line was maintained by random selection. Body weight and weights and percentages of ether extract, water, ash and protein at 21, 42, 63 and 84 days were recorded. With few exceptions, there were positive correlated responses to selection in body weight and in weights of body components. At 21 and 42 days the correlated responses were larger in L6 mice than in H6 mice. Body weight and weights of body components were larger for mice reared in litters of three than for those reared in litters of nine. Also, mice reared in litters of six were intermediate in body weight and weights of some of the body components between those reared in litters of three and nine. Differences in body weight and weights of body components due to postnatal maternal environment were small by comparison with differences due to genetic line. There were significant line by maternal environment interactions in body weight at 21 days and in ether extract weight at 21 and 63 days. Line and maternal environment differences in percentages of body components did not follow any consistent trend. The results for percentages of body components were further complicated by line x maternal environment interactions. In general, both line and postnatal maternal environmental differences in percentages of body components diminished with age.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 55 (1979), S. 57-64 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Mice ; Selection ; Growth curve
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The weights of mice in lines selected for different combinations of high and low body weights at 5 and at 10 weeks of age were recorded from 3 to 21 weeks of age. The average growth curve for each line was computed using the Gompertz function. The growth curves of lines selected for high or low weight at a single age (ST lines) showed large differences in estimates of mature size and small differences in estimates of maturing rate, i.e. of the relative rate of growth to maturity. The growth curves of lines selected by independent culling for divergent combinations of deviations of opposite sign in 5- and 10-week weights (ICL lines) showed little difference in estimates of mature size and a large difference in estimates of maturing rate. The growth curves of lines selected by index for divergence in 5-week weight with no change in 10-week-weight or for divergence in 10-week-weight with no change in 5-week weight showed large differences in estimates of mature size and large differences in estimates of the maturing rate. The relationship between mature size and maturing rate was affected in different ways by the three types of selection.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Glucocorticoids ; Bone growth retardation ; Chondrocytes ; Rehabilitation ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immature A/J mice were treated for up to 7 weeks with intermittent doses of triamcinolone hexacetonide and were thereafter allowed to recover for 7 weeks. Qualitative and quantitative morphological measurements were performed on the epiphyseal cartilage plate and diaphyseal bone of the humerus. By the third injection significant structural changes were noted in the cartilaginous tissue followed by a complete cessation of bone growth. The hormonal inhibitory effect on long bone growth lasted throughout the experimental period. However, at the end of the recovery period the length of the humerus was 96% of the normal. In contrast, the humeral width at midshaft and the width of its medullary cavity revealed slower recovery, achieving only 80% of the control values. Following rehabilitation, the growth of experimental epiphyseal plates exceeded that of nontreated animals as their width and the number of hypertrophic chondrocytes were 131% and 125% of their controls respectively. Thus, in A/J mice (a highly susceptible inbred strain of mice) intermittent (every four days) administration of a long-acting corticosteroid hormone arrested endochondral and periosteal bone formation; the former, however, underwent full recovery following the termination of the hormonal treatment.
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