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  • Springer  (43.877)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (7.073)
  • American Institute of Physics  (5.073)
  • 2020-2024
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (56.023)
  • 1977  (56.023)
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  • 2020-2024
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (56.023)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Observation and biological systems (1977)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 39 (1977), S. 663-678 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract A number of apparently different lines of inquiry into fundamental biological processes point to the central role played by the notion of observation in the theory of biological systems. Not only do we use the results of our own observations to obtain the system descriptions which are the starting-points for an understanding of biological processes, but it is a basic postulate of physics that the interactions between biological systems themselves can be regarded as observations. On this basis, it is clear that we cannot properly understand biological interactions unless the observables we employ for system description are the same as those involved in the interactions we are describing. To do this requires a general theory of observables and system description, establishing the relationship between different modes of description. A sketch of such a theory is developed in the present paper, using only two postulates: (a) that all interactions are determined by the values of observables of a system evaluated on specific states, and (b) that real-valued observables suffice. As an application, a specific test is proposed whereby it can be determined whether the observables employed to describe interacting systems are sufficient to specify the observables involved in the interaction itself.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461776
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cross-sectional shape of flexible tubes (1977)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 39 (1977), S. 679-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract Differential equations are derived whose solution gives the cross-sectional shape of a flexible tube as a function of the transmural pressure. These equations are solved digitally to produce a series of closed curves, each curve representing the shape of a cross section for a particular set of conditions. These are then applied to the case of systemic arteries, pulmonary arteries, and large veins. The results predict that systemic arteries must always be circular, even when the internal and external pressures are equal. In veins, a small positive internal pressure causes them to become circular, regardless of their initial state, with negligible stretching. Further increases in internal pressure cause the area of the cross section to increase due only to stretching, the shape remaining essentially circular. With pulmonary arteries, known to be noncircular, changes in the cross-sectional area result from a combination of stretching and changes of shape.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461777
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Some techniques in building and validating stochastic models of human reproduction (1977)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 39 (1977), S. 693-704 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract Stochastic models of human reproduction are beginning to play significant roles in the evaluation of family planning programs. A class of stochastic processes called absorbing, agedependent, semi-Markov processes frequently arises in the construction of such models. The paper begins with a discussion of some technicalities regarding absorbing, age-dependent, semi-Markov processes. Then, an algorithm due to Littman, which makes possible the computerization of this class of stochastic processes, is presented. Briefly, Littman’s algorithm provides an efficient method for numerically solving systems of renewal type integral equations, provided the system does not contain a large number of equations. After setting down a concrete model for a large clinical trial of intrauterine devices conducted in Taiwan, the paper concludes with a discussion of a method for validating the model based on the data collected in the clinical trial.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461778
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On peristaltic flow and its efficiency (1977)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 39 (1977), S. 743-743 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Mathematik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461781
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Detection and analysis of recognition and selection in the immune response (1977)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 39 (1977), S. 705-719 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract Some theoretical requirements for the valid use of hemolytic plaque inhibition as a method for studying cellular selection and recognition in an immune response are reviewed. Aside from providing a rational basis for the use of this technique, the theory resolves a growing body of apparently conflicting results on the affinity regulation of IgM secreting cells and can also be used to deduce structural (in particular, morphological) features of the IgM molecule. The diverse predictions of the theory are examined in light of experimental results and find support in a wide data base. Additional specific experiments are proposed which can be used in conjunction with the theory to help clarify the relation between cellular proliferation and maturation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461779
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A theory of cell swelling in high concentrations of KCl and other chloride salts (1977)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 39 (1977), S. 721-741 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract A theory of the cell volume is presented with emphasis on the swelling effect of high concentrations of KCl and other chloride salts. In this theory a particular cell volume represents a state of balance between the tendency of the cell water to build deeper layers of polarized water and the restraining forces exerted by the salt linkages and H-bonds. Taking into account also the different structure-breaking effects of different salts, theoretical curves can be constructed which describe the complex multiple peak-plateau of swelling curve observed in frog muscle in response to increasing concentrations of different chloride salts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461780
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Preface (1977)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 4 (1977), S. 3-3 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02128604
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    2. Risk and insurance economics (1977)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 4 (1977), S. 16-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02128606
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    1. Aims, methods, and limits of the present study (1977)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 4 (1977), S. 5-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02128605
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    3. Course outlines and suggested bibliographies (1977)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 4 (1977), S. 41-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02128607
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