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  • Articles  (87,039)
  • Springer  (87,039)
  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • 1975-1979  (87,039)
  • 1979  (43,166)
  • 1977  (43,873)
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  • 1975-1979  (87,039)
Year
Journal
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling of biological tree structures (1979)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 41 (1979), S. 893-898 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Biological tree-like structures, such as mammalian tracheobronchial airways, are complicated branching systems. One problem in modeling such systems is the reassignment of the number of segments at a given generation in the model being constructed. A hypothesis is proposed which has successfully been used in modeling mammalian lung airways.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02462385
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The risk-sharing problem (1979)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 11 (1979), S. 5-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02426245
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation and biological systems (1977)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 39 (1977), S. 663-678 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A number of apparently different lines of inquiry into fundamental biological processes point to the central role played by the notion of observation in the theory of biological systems. Not only do we use the results of our own observations to obtain the system descriptions which are the starting-points for an understanding of biological processes, but it is a basic postulate of physics that the interactions between biological systems themselves can be regarded as observations. On this basis, it is clear that we cannot properly understand biological interactions unless the observables we employ for system description are the same as those involved in the interactions we are describing. To do this requires a general theory of observables and system description, establishing the relationship between different modes of description. A sketch of such a theory is developed in the present paper, using only two postulates: (a) that all interactions are determined by the values of observables of a system evaluated on specific states, and (b) that real-valued observables suffice. As an application, a specific test is proposed whereby it can be determined whether the observables employed to describe interacting systems are sufficient to specify the observables involved in the interaction itself.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461776
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross-sectional shape of flexible tubes (1977)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 39 (1977), S. 679-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Differential equations are derived whose solution gives the cross-sectional shape of a flexible tube as a function of the transmural pressure. These equations are solved digitally to produce a series of closed curves, each curve representing the shape of a cross section for a particular set of conditions. These are then applied to the case of systemic arteries, pulmonary arteries, and large veins. The results predict that systemic arteries must always be circular, even when the internal and external pressures are equal. In veins, a small positive internal pressure causes them to become circular, regardless of their initial state, with negligible stretching. Further increases in internal pressure cause the area of the cross section to increase due only to stretching, the shape remaining essentially circular. With pulmonary arteries, known to be noncircular, changes in the cross-sectional area result from a combination of stretching and changes of shape.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461777
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some techniques in building and validating stochastic models of human reproduction (1977)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 39 (1977), S. 693-704 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Stochastic models of human reproduction are beginning to play significant roles in the evaluation of family planning programs. A class of stochastic processes called absorbing, agedependent, semi-Markov processes frequently arises in the construction of such models. The paper begins with a discussion of some technicalities regarding absorbing, age-dependent, semi-Markov processes. Then, an algorithm due to Littman, which makes possible the computerization of this class of stochastic processes, is presented. Briefly, Littman’s algorithm provides an efficient method for numerically solving systems of renewal type integral equations, provided the system does not contain a large number of equations. After setting down a concrete model for a large clinical trial of intrauterine devices conducted in Taiwan, the paper concludes with a discussion of a method for validating the model based on the data collected in the clinical trial.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461778
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On peristaltic flow and its efficiency (1977)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 39 (1977), S. 743-743 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461781
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection and analysis of recognition and selection in the immune response (1977)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 39 (1977), S. 705-719 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Some theoretical requirements for the valid use of hemolytic plaque inhibition as a method for studying cellular selection and recognition in an immune response are reviewed. Aside from providing a rational basis for the use of this technique, the theory resolves a growing body of apparently conflicting results on the affinity regulation of IgM secreting cells and can also be used to deduce structural (in particular, morphological) features of the IgM molecule. The diverse predictions of the theory are examined in light of experimental results and find support in a wide data base. Additional specific experiments are proposed which can be used in conjunction with the theory to help clarify the relation between cellular proliferation and maturation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461779
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A theory of cell swelling in high concentrations of KCl and other chloride salts (1977)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 39 (1977), S. 721-741 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A theory of the cell volume is presented with emphasis on the swelling effect of high concentrations of KCl and other chloride salts. In this theory a particular cell volume represents a state of balance between the tendency of the cell water to build deeper layers of polarized water and the restraining forces exerted by the salt linkages and H-bonds. Taking into account also the different structure-breaking effects of different salts, theoretical curves can be constructed which describe the complex multiple peak-plateau of swelling curve observed in frog muscle in response to increasing concentrations of different chloride salts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461780
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diversity and diffusion in multidimensional niche space (1979)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 41 (1979), S. 129-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The results of an earlier effort to provide a geometrical analysis of Hutchinsonian niche space are extended. The concept of diversity of a species in niche space is introduced and the maximization of this diversity provides a rationale for a within-niche fitness distribution which is Gaussian. Niche expansion is seen as a consequence of diffusion in niche space, and an evolutionary version of the Volterra competition equations is proposed as a way to relate niche geometry with population dynamics. Applications to topics in community evolution, species packing and the statistical fitting of species abundance data are mentioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02460873
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stochastic compartmental modeling and parameter estimation with application to cancer treatment follow-up studies (1979)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 41 (1979), S. 203-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we use marginal probabilities to derive expressions for the means, variances and covariances ofm-compartment systems. We also present an efficient algorithm for the estimation of the parameters of the system using time series data when measurements are available fromk of them compartments. An application of the analysis and parameter estimation procedure for a model representing the results of a cancer treatment follow-up study is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02460879
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