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  • Articles  (1,994)
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  • Articles  (1,994)
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  • 1975-1979  (1,994)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 24 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: An approximate method of interpretation of resistivity sounding is presented, which may be described as a very crude manner of application of the exact direct interpretation method. The accuracy of this method is fairly low, the errors being in the order of 25%. The method is very fast in application and well suited for application to multilayer cases. The main advantage of the method is that it is in close and clear relation to the exact theory.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 24 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Dip selective migration velocity determination calculates coherency of energy migrating into an output trace or ‘MVD-axis’ as a function of the three variables time, velocity, and dip. In doing so, it provides additional information, the dip information, relative to standard MVD.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: It is well known that interval velocities can be determined from common-reflection-point moveout times. However, the mathematics becomes complicated in the general case of n homogeneous layers with curved interfaces dipping in three dimensions.In this paper the problem is solved by mathematical induction using the second power terms only of the Taylor series which represents the moveout time as a function of the coordinate differences between shot and geophone points. Moreover, the zero-offset reflection times of the nth interface in a certain area surrounding the point of interest have to be known. The n—I upper interfaces and interval velocities are known too on account of the mathematical induction method applied. Thus, the zero-offset reflection raypath of the nth interface can be supposed to be known down to the intersection with the (n—1)th interface.The method applied consists mainly in transforming the second power terms of the moveout time from one interface to the next one. This is accomplished by matrix algebra.Some special cases are discussed as e.g. uniform strike and small curvatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 24 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The least squares estimation procedures used in different disciplines can be classified in four categories:〈list xml:id="l1" style="custom"〉a. Wiener filtering,b. b. Autoregressive estimation,c. c. Kalman filtering,d. d. Recursive least squares estimation.The recursive least squares estimator is the time average form of the Kalman filter. Likewise, the autoregressive estimator is the time average form of the Wiener filter. Both the Kalman and the Wiener filters use ensemble averages and can basically be constructed without having a particular measurement realisation available.It follows that seismic deconvolution should be based either on autoregression theory or on recursive least squares estimation theory rather than on the normally used Wiener or Kalman theory. A consequence of this change is the need to apply significance tests on the filter coefficients.The recursive least squares estimation theory is particularly suitable for solving the time variant deconvolution problem.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 24 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 24 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 24 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A graphical interpretation method is presented by which separately the depth and the product of conductivity and thickness of a vertical plate-shaped conducting orebody can be determined. The method is based on the result of model experiments.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 24 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The Fourier transform of a square-shaped section of a magnetic survey, digitized in a square grid, forms a rectangular matrix of coefficients which can be condensed to a series of average amplitudes dependent only on their frequency and no longer on the direction of the respective partial waves. These average amplitudes together represent a spectrum which–when plotted in a semilogarithmic coordinate system (log amplitude versus frequency)–often shows straight segments which decrease with increasing frequency. By continuing the given field downwards these straight segments become horizontal at a certain depth, the so-called “white depth”. This white depth may be used as a first estimate for the depth of magnetic sources producing the respective part of the field. It is shown that the sources which correspond to such use of the white depth can be expected to be “randomly distributed with some positive autocorrelation”.As an example for such a depth estimation the interpretation of the aeromagnetic survey of NW-Germany by a relief in 8–16 km depth is given. The relief divides the subsurface in an upper nonmagnetic layer and a lower layer with magnetization M= 2 Am−1.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 24 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The combination of layer resistivity and thickness in the so-called Dar Zarrouk parameters S and T may be of direct use in aquifer protection studies and for the evaluation of hydrologic properties of aquifers.The protective capacity of a clayey aquifer overburden is proportional to its longitudinal unit conductance S which, in terms of aquifer protection, gets a dimension of time (e.g. infiltration time). Aquifer storage in fissured reservoirs may be determined from differential conductance measurements (ΔS). Combination of the expression for ΔS with an empirical expression for electric conduction in fissured media yields a simple formula for water content per unit surface area. Both principles and possible developments are illustrated for a set of carboniferous limestone basins.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 24 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The difficulty to use master curves as well as classical techniques for the determination of layer distribution (ei, ρi) from a resistivity sounding arises when the presumed number of layers exceeds five or six.The principle of the method proposed here is based on the identification of the resistivity transform. This principle was recently underlined by many authors. The resistivity transform can be easily derived from the experimental data by the application of Ghosh's linear filter, and another method for deriving the filter coefficientes is suggested.For a given theoretical resistivity transform corresponding to a given distribution of layers (thicknesses and resistivities) various criteria that measure the difference between this theoretical resistivity transform and an experimental one derived by the application of Ghosh's filter are given. A discussion of these criteria from a physical as well as a mathematical point of view follows.The proposed method is then exposed; it is based on a gradient method. The type of gradient method used is defined and justified physically as well as with numerical examples of identified master curves. The practical use for the method and experimental confrontation of identified field curves with drill holes are given. The cost as well as memory occupation and time of execution of the program on CDC 7600 computer is estimated.
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