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  • genetics
  • Springer  (12)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984  (12)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1983  (12)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (12)
Years
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984  (12)
  • 1975-1979
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of β-d-galactosidases in rabbit tissues: Genetics of neutral β-d-galactosidase (1983)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 21 (1983), S. 177-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: β-d-galactosidase ; β-d-glucosidase ; electrophoresis ; genetics ; rabbit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Three different types of β-d-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) could be distinguished in rabbit tissues using electrophoretic procedures. (1) Acid β-d-galactosidase with a low mobility and maximal activity at pH 3–5 was found in the particulate fraction of various tissue homogenates. This enzyme hydrolyzed 4-methylumbelliferyl-d-galactoside, but no activity against other glycoside substrates could be demonstrated. The enzyme was inhibited by galactono-(1 → 4)-lactone. (2) Lactose-hydrolyzing β-d-galactosidase with an intermediate mobility was found only in juvenile small intestine. Most of the activity was found in the particulate fraction of the cell. The enzyme hydrolyzed several other synthetic glycoside substrates besides lactose. It was most active at pH 5–6 and strongly inhibited by glucono-(1 → 5)-lactone but not much affected by galactono-(1 → 4)-lactone. (3) Neutral β-d-galactosidase with a fast mobility and maximal activity at pH 6–8 was found in the soluble fraction of homogenates from liver, kidney, and small intestine. This enzyme also showed a broad substrate specificity; it possessed activity against aryl-β-d-glucoside, -fucoside, and -galactoside substrates but not against lactose. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by glucono-(1 → 5)-lactone and (less) by galactone-(1 → 4)-lactone. Neutral β-d-galactosidase and neutral β-d-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) are probably identical enzymes in the rabbit. Individual variation, in both electrophoretic mobility and activity, was found for neutral β-d-galactosidase. Genetic analysis of the electrophoretic variants revealed that two alleles at an autosomal locus are responsible for this variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000016
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetics of two tissue esterase polymorphisms (Est-4 and Est-5) in the rabbit (1983)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 21 (1983), S. 773-780 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: esterase ; polymorphisms ; genetics ; rabbit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two polymorphic esterase systems were found after electrophoresis of rabbit tissue homogenates. Each of these systems is controlled by an autosomal locus with two alleles. Est-4 determines the absence (Est-4a) or presence (Est-4b) of two bands of esterase activity with intermediate anodal mobility and broad substrate specificity. This polymorphism was found to be present in liver, small intestine, and spleen but not in kidney, heart, and testis. Est-5 is coding for cathodally migrating esterases which differ in mobility (Est-5a and Est-5b). This polymorphism was found only in kidney and testis homogenates. Est-5 esterases are more active against α-naphthyl acetate than against β-naphthyl acetate and have no activity against α-naphthyl butyrate. Linkage analysis indicated that Est-4 is localized on rabbit LG VI as part of a cluster of esterase loci, whereas Est-5 segregates independently. Rabbits from two inbred and nine partly inbred strains were tested for these polymorphisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00498923
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic studies on metallothionein synthesis in the mouse: The induction of metallothionein by cadmium in inbred strains (1983)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 21 (1983), S. 609-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: metallothionein ; cadmium induction ; metallothionein synthesis ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Differences in the Cd-induced levels of liver metallothionein in inbred mouse strains are described. All strains examined show substantial increases in metallothionein production after the administration of 25 µmol CdCl2/kg, but the maximal levels achieved after 48 hr differed such that CBA/Ca〉DBA/2〉C57BL/10=C3H/He〉BALB/c. These differences were generally not paralleled by differences in the amount of Cd2+ bound to metallothionein or in the total tissue content of Cd2+. Incorporation of [35S] cysteine into metallothionein suggests that differential synthesis affecting both isoproteins (MT1 and MT2) equally is largely responsible for the strain difference between C57BL/10 and DBA/2, and interstrain crosses between these two strains reveal codominant inheritance of Cd2+-induced metallothionein level and indicate that a single gene, either linked or identical to the cdm gene on chromosome 3, is involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00484450
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetically controlled quantitative variation of ornithine transcarbamylase in the chick kidney (1983)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 21 (1983), S. 857-869 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: chicken kidney ; ornithine transcarbamylase ; quantitative variation ; genetics ; regulatory gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract This experiment was made to show that the marked variation in ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) activity observed within a chicken breed or among breeds is due to quantitative changes, not qualitative ones. The enzyme was partially purified from three different chicken breeds, the White Leghorn B line, the Cochin Bantam breed, and a commercial line named “G,” by the following steps: (i) extraction of OTC with Triton X-100 and cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide, (ii) heating, and (iii) salting-out column chromatography. No difference was shown immunologically, enzymologically, or physicochemically among the partially purified OTCs. The enzyme amount determined using anti-bovine OTC antiserum was related linearly to the enzyme activity either from the same chicken breed or from different breeds. These results suggest that marked variation in OTC activity reflects variation in the amount of enzyme synthesized in the kidney, and this is controlled by regulatory genes encoded on an autosome, not the structural gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00483945
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of β-d-galactosidases in rabbit tissues: Genetics of neutral β-d-galactosidase (1983)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 21 (1983), S. 177-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: β-d-galactosidase ; β-d-glucosidase ; electrophoresis ; genetics ; rabbit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Three different types of β-d-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) could be distinguished in rabbit tissues using electrophoretic procedures. (1) Acid β-d-galactosidase with a low mobility and maximal activity atpH 3–5 was found in the particulate fraction of various tissue homogenates. This enzyme hydrolyzed 4-methylumbelliferyl-d-galactoside, but no activity against other glycoside substrates could be demonstrated. The enzyme was inhibited by galactono-(1 → 4)-lactone. (2) Lactose-hydrolyzing β-d-galactosidase with an intermediate mobility was found only in juvenile small intestine. Most of the activity was found in the particulate fraction of the cell. The enzyme hydrolyzed several other synthetic glycoside substrates besides lactose. It was most active atpH 5–6 and strongly inhibited by glucono-(1 → 5)-lactone but not much affected by galactono-(1 → 4)-lactone. (3) Neutral β-d-galactosidase with a fast mobility and maximal activity atpH 6–8 was found in the soluble fraction of homogenates from liver, kidney, and small intestine. This enzyme also showed a broad substrate specificity; it possessed activity against aryl-β-d-glucoside, -fucoside, and -galactoside substrates but not against lactose. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by glucono-(1 → 5)-lactone and (less) by galactone-(1 → 4)-lactone. Neutral β-d-galactosidase and neutral β-d-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) are probably identical enzymes in the rabbit. Individual variation, in both electrophoretic mobility and activity, was found for neutral β-d-galactosidase. Genetic analysis of the electrophoretic variants revealed that two alleles at an autosomal locus are responsible for this variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02395402
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic control of ornithine transcarbamylase induction in chick kidney (1983)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 21 (1983), S. 843-855 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: chicken kidney ; ornithine transcarbamylase ; induction ; genetics ; egg yolk
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract After ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) induction by egg-yolk feeding, OTC activity increases rapidly in chicks bearing an Oc b gene. This response to an egg yolk diet does not appear in chicks having no Oc b gene (showing low OTC activity). The chicks showing intermediate OTC activity also respond to the diet, but moderately. Crossing experiments revealed that OTC induction by egg yolk-diet feeding is inherited as a simple autosomal dominant trait. Since a chick develops during embryonic life by utilizing egg yolk from the yolk sac, the variation of OTC activity among chicken breeds and within a breed in 2-day-old chicks seems to depend on a genetically controlled difference of inducibility by egg yolk. The Oc b is an autosomal gene which controls the induction of OTC activity, but it is difficult to explain the consistent difference in OTC activity between sexes by involving this gene or this locus alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00483944
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic control of shikimate dehydrogenase in hexaploid wheat (1983)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 21 (1983), S. 963-968 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: shikimate dehydrogenase ; Triticum ; hexaploid wheat ; isozymes ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The genetics of shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH; EC 1.1.1.25) was investigated in Triticum aestivum cv Chinese Spring (2n=6x=42; genomic formula ABD) using the zymogram technique. The enzyme occurs in two electrophoretically distinct forms on starch gels. The results of a study of aneuploid derivatives of Chinese Spring indicate that the SKDH isozyme of faster electrophoretic mobility is encoded by a gene, designated Skdh-A1, located in the p (= short) arm of chromosome 5A and that the products of two other genes, designated Skdh-B1 and Skdh-D1, located one each in the p arms of homoeologous chromosomes 5B and 5D, respectively, encode two isozymes of slower and coincident electrophoretic mobility. Additional evidence for this interpretation of the genetic basis of hexaploid wheat SKDH was obtained in studies of the SKDH zymogram phenotypes of various close relatives of hexaploid wheat, including T. monococcum, T. longissimum, T. tauschii, T. turgidum, and T. timopheevii.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00483953
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetics and personality temperament: Simplicity or complexity? (1983)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 13 (1983), S. 43-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: genetics ; personality ; dominance ; sociability ; impulsivity ; path analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The role of simplifying assumptions for genetic models of personality was examined for three traits measured by the Differential Personality Questionnaire—Social Potency (dominance), Social Closeness, and Impulsivity. A new path model, the THETA model, is introduced and applied to summary correlations. Results suggest that assumptions about assortative mating, genetic dominance variance, equal environmental variance for identical twins, and sex differences were crucial for achieving satisfactory fits. Moreover, the assumptions important for one trait were not always important for another trait. If sampling bias in the correlations is minimal, then the genetic and environmental architecture of personality traits may be complex and trait specific.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01071743
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic control of emigration behavior inTribolium castaneum andT. confusum (1983)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 13 (1983), S. 421-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Tribolium ; emigration ; fecundity ; conditioned medium ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Emigration behavior was measured in the flour beetlesTribolium castaneum andT. confusum. Analysis of genetic differences among populations derived from two highly inbred lines ofT. castaneum suggests differences in the genetic bases of two important aspects of the emigration rate response curve. Significant additive genetic variance in the behavior was found in outbred laboratory populations of both species that had been subjected to cyclical variation in population density for some 30 generations. In both species, emigration behavior was significantly correlated with fecundity measured in conditioned flour, low emigration rate phenotypes exhibiting a higher fecundity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065779
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The character brown ear of bread wheat: A review (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 299-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; ear colour ; glume colour ; genetics ; linkage ; chromosomal location ; geographical distribution ; homeoallelic genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A summary of the brown ear character of bread wheat is presented. In most varieties this character is conditioned by a (semi)dominant gene identified as Rg on 1BS. This gene seems to be widespread, from the viewpoint of evolution, probably because it is an ‘old’ gene. There are no indications that the presence of the gene and hence the presence of a brown ear is advantageous or disadvantageous to the carrier wheat plant. Some linkage relations are described. More research is needed to establish whether all varieties with one gene for brown ear carry Rg, to investigate the varieties with a non-monogenic genetic system and to identify more associations between brown ear and other characters. It should also further be investigated whether within T. spelta another gene for brown ear is present and, if so, whether this gene is on chromosome 1AS and linked to Hgl, the gene for hairy glume.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021438
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of supernumerary spikelets in wheat (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 767-776 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum ; tetraploid wheat ; hexaploid wheat ; supernumerary spikelets ; ear branching ; inheritance ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The inheritance of supernumerary spikelets was found to be controlled by two recessive genes with evidence for the possibility of a repressor(s) in crosses between normal and supernumerary spikelet wheats. In experimental lines with phenotypically normal heads but possessing the recessive supernumerary spikelet gene(s), increases in the number of nodes on the rachis (and hence the number of normal spikelets) fertility and grain number per head were found, as well as in the ‘normal’ Australian and American wheat cultivar Phoenix. This attribute has previously been suggested to be a way of increasing spikelet number in future wheat breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00042157
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The significance of mating processes for the genetics and for the formation of resting eggs in monogonont rotifers (1983)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 104 (1983), S. 181-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: rotifers ; genetics ; brachionidae ; mating behaviour ; resting eggs ; literature review
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Crossbreeding experiments with three geographically distinct strains (E, S, and L) of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis have been carried out in an attempt to elucidate the apparent male sterility of strain L, which is unable to produce resting eggs. The 9 crossing possibilities of the three strains have been investigated in 27 experiments. The results refute the concept of male sterility. L-males copulate successfully with mictic as well as with amictic females of strains E and S. Fertilized amictic E and S females produce defective resting eggs, which have only one thin shell and, which disintegrate after deposition. L-females cannot, as a rule, be fertilized. Moreover, crosses between strain E and S are succesful only in one direction; the reciprocal crosses failed. To explain the present results a hypothesis is suggested that the thickness of the body wall of newborn females differs in the three strains, and between mictic and amictic individuals. A sequence of gradually increasing body wall thickness of all types of females involved, together with a comparably increasing penetration ability of the males of strain E, S, and L explains the success or failure of all crosses, including the unilateral cross E × S.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00045966
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