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  • Articles  (26)
  • 42.60  (26)
  • Springer  (26)
  • Essen : Verl. Glückauf
  • Institute of Physics
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • Taylor & Francis
  • Wiley
  • 2005-2009
  • 1975-1979  (26)
  • 2008
  • 2006
  • 1977  (14)
  • 1976  (12)
Collection
  • Articles  (26)
Publisher
  • Springer  (26)
  • Essen : Verl. Glückauf
  • Institute of Physics
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • Taylor & Francis
  • +
Years
  • 2005-2009
  • 1975-1979  (26)
Year
  • 1
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    Springer
    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 31-37 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 72.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A simple theory is presented for the laser-induced damage in semiconductors in the range of low irradiation intensities. This theory avoids the solution of coupled differential equations, and takes into account characteristic physical properties of semiconductors—i.e. energy gap, carrier lifetime, and surface recombination velocity. The deduced equations permit us to estimate the damage threshold, or the minimum irradiation time required for damage to occur. Comparison is made with some experimental results reported in the literature and a reasonable agreement is found.
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  • 2
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    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 267-269 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract P-terphenyl in cyclohexane, has been pumped by a KrF laser in a longitudinal configuration. Dye laser pulses of 11 mJ, 1 MW were obtained with over 10% conversion efficiency. N2 purge of the dye solution is shown to increase the conversion efficiency. The tuning curve between 321.8 nm and 365.3 nm is presented.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 52
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Relativistic self-focusing causes a shrinking of laser beams in high density plasmas down to one wavelength diameter within a penetration depth approximately equal to the diameter of the initial beam in vacuum before the plasma interaction. Values of electron densities near cut-off cause a swelling and an increase of the actual wavelength in the focused volume. Both mechanisms are evaluated for the relevant laser intensities below and above the relativistic threshold. The result of McCall et al., a wavelength independence of electron oscillation energies, is derived from short-range self-focusing; in addition, the illustration of GeV ion generation, with magnitudes linearly increasing with respect to the ion chargeZ I and laser intensityI, is also made.
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  • 4
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    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 209-210 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 66 ; 78.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Spatially periodic temperature distributions were induced in ruby by superimposing two light waves of a Q-switched, frequency doubled Nd: YAG laser. The amplitude and decay time of the resulting thermal phase grating was measured by diffraction of an argon laser beam. Experimental results are compared with solutions of the heat conduction equation.
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  • 5
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    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 1-14 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.20 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The spin-flip Raman (SFR) laser is shown to be an excellent tool to investigate different processes in the conduction band of the SFR laser crystal itself. For the case ofn-InSb, intracavity spectroscopy of inter-Landau transitions is demonstrated to be much more sensitive than conventional transmission spectroscopy. Data on cyclotron harmonic transitions, both free and LO-phonon assisted, are obtained from the output power characteristics of the SFR laser versus magnetic field. The spin-splitting energy and the effectiveg-factor up to 14 T are derived from the SFR laser frequency. The influence of temperature on SFR laser power, threshold and frequency is investigated. The relaxation following the SFR laser pulse is observed in the electrical conductivity. This yields in a direct way the spin-lattice relaxation time at high magnetic fields, which is of the order of 200 ns.
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  • 6
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    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 55-58 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract High-power stimulated radiation was obtained in three fluorides of rare gases by exciting a high pressure mixture of He+R+SF6 (R is argon, krypton, xenon) by a pulse electric discharge (mixture pressure ranged from 1 to 10 atm). The ArF laser superradiance spectrum of about 15 Å total width with the centre at λ=1932 Å is given. The ArF laser power wasP≈104 W. The KrF laser generated 2 ns pulses of about 2.5 MW power at λ=2486 Å with a linewidth Δλ≈10 Å. This laser efficiency in relation to the stored energy of an accumulator is about 0.2%. In the XeF laserP=200 to 300 kW, τ=3 to 3.5 ns, λ=3511, 3531 Å. High density of superradiance power is observed. The prospects of increase of mean power of excimer lasers are discussed.
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  • 7
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    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 69-74 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A tunable, very narrow bandwidth, flashpumped dye laser is described. Publse energies up to 50 mJ at a bandwidth of less than 30 MHz, and with a divergence of 0.4 mrad, are obtained. Spectral narrowing and tuning is achieved by injection locking of the pulsed laser to the radiation, of a tunable cw dye laser. The cavity is designed for single longitudinal and transverse mode operation, with a mode diameter large enough to fill the active medium.
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  • 8
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    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 209-210 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 78.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Dynamic characteristics of semiconductor lasers are calculated with single-mode rate equations, taking into account spontaneous emission factor β and bias current
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  • 9
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    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 317-320 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The input power density and hence the output power of electrically excited gasdynamic lasers is limited by instabilities of the glow discharge. The application of theoretical results, which have been obtained with respect of convection or flow lasers, to the discharge region of an electrically excited gasdynamic CO-laser shows, that especially thermal instabilities cause this glow collapse. An increased convection of local heat concentrations in front of the anode surface results in an improved stability behaviour. Input power densities of up to 100 W/cm3 are now accessible to operate the glow discharge and hence specific laser output powers of 57 kJ/kg are obtained.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Excitation processes of selected dye vapor-rare gas mixtures pumped by an electron beam have been studied. These experiments revealed the importance of effective collisional electron energy transfer pumping via a dense rare gas rather than a radiative energy transfer from an excimer laser gas mixture to achieve population inversion in an organic dye vapor.
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  • 11
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    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 277-281 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract PbS−PbSe−PbS double-heterostructure lasers have been pulse-operated at about 200 K mounted on 4 stage thermoelectric coolers. Emitting at a wavelength of about 5.5 μm they could be used for NO gas spectroscopy. Operation temperatures of up to 230 K have been achieved with structures consisting ofn-type PbS substrates and epitaxial layers ofn-type PbSe and Tl dopedp-type PbS. The temperature dependence of the threshold current density and the emission wavelength of these DH-lasers was compared with PbSe-homojunction lasers. The use of a germanium etalon for a quick evaluation of the spectral quality of the emitted radiation is described.
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  • 12
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    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 369-378 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A model of a regenerative resonance amplifier has been used to describe Fabry-Perot GaAs diode lasers coupled to short external resonators. The optical gain and the equivalent input of the resonance amplifier are controlled by means of appropriate rate equations. Homogeneous line-broadening and proportionality between gain and electron density have been assumed in this approach. The model was applied to a diode laser coupled to an external plane mirror placed at a variable distance from one diode mirror. A numerical evaluation of the coupling coefficient between laser and external cavity enables to predict the measured power output and mode selective properties of the coupled system. A similar analysis was done for diode lasers coupled to external hemispherical resonators. The model calculation confirms the previously demonstrated mode selective properties of the hemispherical configuration which permitted stable single mode operation.
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  • 13
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    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 387-389 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 78.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A method is reported which allows the operation of optically pumped farinfrared (FIR) gas lasers in a simple way: A spectrophone is used to control and to stabilize the pump laser frequency in order to achieve most efficient optical pumping of the FIR laser gas.
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  • 14
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    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 391-393 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Laser action has been observed due to a Na2 molecule dimer system in a sodium high pressure lamp. The argon-ion laser line at 4880 Å which is very close to the molecular transition $$B^1 \prod _u \to X^1 \Sigma _g^1 $$ at a wavelength of 4879.14 Å was amplified by passing through a small plasma layer near the wall.
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  • 15
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    Applied physics 10 (1976), S. 187-188 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 06
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Precise frequencies of far infrared (FIR-) laser lines of HCOOH, CH3OH, CH3I, CH3F have been measured by comparison with harmonics of frequency-locked mm-wave klystrons.
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  • 16
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    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 47-53 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The laser-light field is shown to undergo a discontinuous order transition at the threshold for mode-locked pulses, accompanied by critical fluctuations below the transition point. These observations confirm theoretical predictions from the laser equations for a simplified model when incoherent interaction is included.
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  • 17
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    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 203-205 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The decay rate of2 D 5/2 level of Cd II has been measured by the magnetic-field power-dip method. The decay rate at the zero-pressure limit is found to be 2.4·106s−1. The calculated collision cross section for excited Cd ions with He atoms equals 0.91·10−15 cm2.
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  • 18
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    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 357-361 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 61.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Planar dye lasers in isotropic and anisotropic media are described. Isotropic structures supporting real modes are considered as well as leaky modes. The anisotropic structure is obtained with an oriented liquid crystal which can be made to lase in both the nematic and smectic phase.
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  • 19
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    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 167-170 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.30 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The absolute Raman scattering cross-sections of three Neodymium-doped glasses have been measured. These cross-sections have been used to determine the nonlinear optical susceptibility tensor of the three glasses. We have estimated the relative contributions of the “electronic” and “nuclear” nonlinearities to self-focusing index for linearly polarized light in these glasses. We have also performed numerical computations of the Hibert transform of our Raman scattering cross-sections, which are useful in the prediction of any other nonlinear effects.
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  • 20
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    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 75-79 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 32
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The observation of a new type of resonance due to double-quantum transitions in the standing-wave field of a Raman gas laser is reported. A resonance dip with a width equal to that of the optically forbidden transition was experimentally detected in the output-vs-timing curve of a Raman Ne laser (λ=1.15 m) upon pumping by radiation of a He−Ne laser at 1.52 m. The theory presented shows that the resonance arises in the third order of perturbation theory when in resonant SRS the line is inhomogeneously broadened. The resonance can be considered as resulting from the overlap of dips in the velocity distribution of the nonlinear polarization induced by the standing laser wave.
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  • 21
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    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 107-120 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 32 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The general probe absorption coefficient derived in Part I is specialized to homogeneous- and inhomogeneous-broadening limits and illustrated as the dipole lifetime is increased from 0 to values comparable to the level lifetimes. This progression reveals the relation between pulsation dips of the short-dipole lifetime limit and the dynamic Stark effect in general. Interpretations of the coherent interactions involved are given in terms of modulator and Raman effects and of dressed atoms. The single-probe unidirectional pulsation dip is shown to be a special case of the grating dip in which the fringe spacing becomes infinite. Analogies with three-level systems are given in which both two and three-level cases are seen to obey an “equal-area theorem”, and to involve level crossing. Some comparison is made with corresponding spectroscopy in which spontaneous emission provides the probe radiation.
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  • 22
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    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 1-33 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The present article reviews the fundamental physical principles essential to an understanding of waveguide gas and liquid lasers, and the current technological state of these devices. At the present time, waveguide laser transitions span the visible through submillimeter regions of the wavelength spectrum. The introduction discusses the many applications of waveguide lasers and the wide variety of laser configurations that are possible. Section 1 summarizes the properties of modes in hollow dielectric waveguides of circular, rectangular, and planar cross section. Section 2 considers various approaches to optical feedback including internal and external mirror Fabry-Perot type resonators, hollow waveguide distributed feedback structures, and ring-resonant configurations. Section 3 discusses those aspects of molecular kinetic and laser theory pertinent to the design and optimization of waveguide gas lasers such as the scaling laws for discharge-excited gas lasers, molecular models useful in maximizing the oscillation bandwidth, the effects of gas flow rate, and the physics of optically-pumped far-infrared lasers. Finally, a review of the waveguide gas and liquid lasers reported to date is given in Section 4.
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  • 23
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    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 171-174 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Mode-locked operation has been observed in a Q-switched, ruby laser using a quartz crystal as the passvie mode-locking element and a laser cavity length which is a whole fraction of that which is commensurate in mode-frequency spacing with the lowfrequency stimulated Brillouin scattering (lf S BS) in the crystal element. In addition, high-bit-rate operation has been observed, suggesting that the passive modulation of the lf S BS process is sufficiently strong to maintain a fixed-phase relation between several neighboring oscillating modes of the laser.
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  • 24
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    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 121-130 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report on crystal processing, laser fabrication, emission spectra and output characteristics of neodymium pentaphosphate lasers. We obtained cw oscillation with an output power of 19 mW from a crystal with dielectric mirrors directly applied on polished (001) planes. We pumped longitudinally with 280 mW of an argon ion laser at 514 nm focussed to a 94-μm diameter. Near threshold our laser operated in the vicinity of 1053 nm; when pumped 1.6 times threshold it operated dominantly in the vicinity of 1063 nm.
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  • 25
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have shown that the lasing properties of naphthyl 1,3,4 oxadiazole derivatives are directly related to the position of the forbidden transitionS 0→1 L b of naphthalene with respect to the first allowed transitions. The combination of theoretical and experimental results allows us to predict which compounds are most likely to exhibit a laser effect according to the nature and the position of their substituants. We have successfully applied this approach to the following compounds: αNPD, βNPD, αNND, βNND, βNBD, and αNBD. In particular we reported the first observation of a laser effect for αNBD and βNBD in the UV at 3830 Å and 3758 Å.
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  • 26
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    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 175-177 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 82.50 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Trimethylamine and triethylamine are shown to luminesce at their wavelengths of fluorescence when excited by electrical discharge. When excited at low pressures or at high frequencies, a longer wavelength emission is observed at 380 nm. This emission, rather than being due to excimers which are known to exist for some tertiary aliphatic amines, is shown to be due to emission from a decomposition product. Lasing using electrical discharge pumping was attempted, but yielded negative results due to the rapid decomposition. Optical pumping might be successful however, and produce a tunable gas-phase ultraviolet laser
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