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  • Artikel  (6)
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  • Thomas Telford
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  • 1995  (6)
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  • Artikel  (6)
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  • Springer  (6)
  • Thomas Telford
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  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    OR spectrum 17 (1995), S. 139-148 
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Assignment problem ; computer models ; distribution sampling ; estimation ; integer programming ; large-scale modelling ; Latin hypercube ; optimization ; sampling ; sensitivity analysis ; Stichprobenverfahren ; Permutationsmatrizen ; implizite Funktionen
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Lateinische Hyperwürfel Stichprobenverfahren (LHS) dienen dazu, in geeigneter Weise die Verteilungsfunktion (zumindest angenähert) der Funktionswerte einer komplexen (impliziten) Funktion, in Abhängigkeit ihrer Variablen werte, zu schätzen. Anwendungen finden sich in Modellen, in denen erforderliche Variablenumformungen nicht möglich sind und in denen die Zahl der Simulationsläufe aus zeitlichen Gründen gering zu halten oder fixiert ist. Es stellt sich die Frage, welche Werte in jedem Lauf den Variablen zuzuordnen sind. Herkömmliche Vorgehensweisen benutzen ausgefeilte, geschichtete Stichprobenverfahren, die jedoch Fehler bei der Bestimmung von Varianz und Kovarianz, aufgrund der Korrelation der Stichprobenpaare, beinhalten können. In dieser Arbeit wird eine Methode beschrieben, den absoluten Fehler zwischen dem tatsächlichen und dem korrelierenden Stichprobenpaar so klein wie möglich zu halten. Selbst für kleine Stichprobenumfänge können dabei schon optimale Pläne erzielt werden. Permutationsmatrizen haben die Eigenschaft, die Summe der Korrelationen zwischen Spaltenpaaren zu minimieren. Die vorgestellte Heuristik ist in der Lage, in allen getesteten Fällen das Optimum zu finden.
    Notizen: Abstract The objective of Latin Hypercube Sampling is to determine an effective procedure for sampling from a (possibly correlated) multivariate population to estimate the distribution function (or at least a significant number of moments) of a complicated function of its variables. The typical application involves a computer-based model in which it is largely impossible to find a way (closed form or numerical) to do the necessary transformation of variables and where it is expensive to run in terms of computing resources and time. Classical approaches to hypercube sampling have used sophisticated stratified sampling techniques; but such sampling may provide incorrect measures of the output parameters' variances or covariances due to correlation between the sampling pairs. In this work, we offer a strategy which provides a sampling specification minimizing the sum of the absolute values of the pairwise differences between the true and sampled correlation pairs. We show that optimal plans can be obtained for even small sample sizes. We consider the characteristics of permutation matrices which minimize the sum of correlations between column pairs and then present an effective heuristic for solution. This heuristic generally finds plans which match the correlation structure exactly. When it does not, we provide a hybrid lagrangian/heuristic method, which empirically has found the optimal solution for all cases tested.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 58 (1995), S. 379-402 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Schlagwort(e): Optimal control ; stochastic control ; dynamic systems ; economics ; public-sector applications ; optimization ; budgetary policies ; monetary policy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Abstract In this paper, we determine optimal budgetary and monetary policies for Austria using a small macroeconometric model. We use a Keynesian model of the Austrian economy, called FINPOL1, estimated by ordinary least squares, which relates the main objective variables of Austrian economic policies, such as the growth rate of real gross domestic product, the rate of unemployment, the rate of inflation, the balance of payments, and the ratio of the federal budget deficit to GDP, to fiscal and monetary policy instruments, namely expenditures and revenues of the federal budget and money supply. Optimal fiscal and monetary policies are calculated for the model under a quadratic objective function using the algorithm OPTCON for the optimum control of nonlinear stochastic dynamic systems. Several control experiments are performed in order to assess the influence of different kinds of uncertainty on optimal budgetary and monetary policies. Apart from deterministic optimization runs, different assumptions about parameter uncertainties are introduced; the results of these different stochastic optimum control experiments are compared and interpreted.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 56 (1995), S. 287-311 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Schlagwort(e): Probability functions ; gradient of integral ; sensitivity analysis ; optimization ; discrete event dynamic systems ; shut-down problem ; probabilistic risk analysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Abstract Probability functions depending upon parameters are represented as integrals over sets given by inequalities. New derivative formulas for the intergrals over a volume are considered. Derivatives are presented as sums of integrals over a volume and over a surface. Two examples are discussed: probability functions with linear constraints (random right-hand sides), and a dynamical shut-down problem with sensors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 57 (1995), S. 217-232 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Schlagwort(e): Scheduling ; robotic cell ; tandem machines ; optimization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Abstract The paper deals with the scheduling of a robotic cell in which jobs are processed on two tandem machines. The job transportation between the machines is done by a transportation robot. The robotic cell has limitations on the intermediate space between the machines for storing the work-in-process. What complicates the scheduling problem is that the loading/unloading operation times are non-negligible. Given the total number of operationsn, an optimalO(n logn)-time algorithm is proposed together with the proof of optimality.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 58 (1995), S. 243-260 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Schlagwort(e): Assignment problem ; computer models ; distribution sampling ; estimation ; integer programming ; large-scale modelling ; latin hypercube ; optimization ; sampling ; sensitivity analysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Abstract Latin hypercube sampling is often used to estimate the distribution function of a complicated function of many random variables. In so doing, it is typically necessary to choose a permutation matrix which minimizes the correlation among the cells in the hypercube layout. This problem can be formulated as a generalized, multi-dimensional assignment problem. For the two-dimensional case, we provide a polynomial algorithm. For higher dimensions, we offer effective heuristic and bounding procedures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Water resources management 9 (1995), S. 39-51 
    ISSN: 1573-1650
    Schlagwort(e): multiobjective ; optimization ; systems engineering ; water resources allocation ; Hierarchical dynamic programming ; subregion ; trunk stream ; basin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Geographie
    Notizen: Abstract The major purpose of this paper is to present the useful techniques in the optimal allocation of water resources (OAWR) and to demonstrate using water resources applications how these methods can be conveniently employed in practice for systematically studying both simple and complex water resources problems. Formal modelling techniques in multiobjective decision-making provide many benefits to professionals working in water resources and elsewhere. A new Large-system Hierarchical Dynamic Programming (LHDP) method to solve the model can be carried out to ascertain the consequences of meaningful parameter changes upon the optimal or compromise solution. As a case study, the techniques and methods are applied to the OAWR of the Yellow River Basin (YRB) of China. The next paper shares with the reader recent research results on the OAWRYRB.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
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