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  • Organic Chemistry  (659)
  • AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
  • SOLAR PHYSICS
  • 1975-1979  (1,151)
  • 1975  (1,151)
  • 1
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    Aircraft fuel conservation technology. Task force report, September 10, 1975 (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: An advanced technology program is described for reduced fuel consumption in air transport. Cost benefits and estimates are given for improved engine design and components, turboprop propulsion systems, active control systems, laminar flow control, and composite primary structures.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: NASA-TM-X-74295
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    A comparison of coronal X-ray structures of active regions with magnetic fields computed from photospheric observations (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The appearances of several X-ray active regions observed on March 7, 1970 and June 15, 1973 are compared with the corresponding coronal magnetic-field topology. Coronal fields have been computed from measurements of the longitudinal component of the underlying magnetic fields, based on the current-free hypothesis. An overall correspondence between X-ray structures and calculated field lines is established, and the magnetic counterparts of different X-ray features are also examined. A correspondence between enhanced X-ray emission and the location of compact closed field lines is suggested. Representative magnetic-field values calculated under the assumption of current-free fields are given for heights up to 200 sec.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Solar Physics; 44; Sept
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Predicted exhaust emissions from a methanol and jet fueled gas turbine combustor (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: A computer model of a gas turbine combustor has been used to predict the kinetic combustion and pollutant formation processes for methanol and simulated jet fuel. Use of the kinetic reaction mechanisms has also allowed a study of ignition delay and flammability limit of these two fuels. The NOX emissions for methanol were predicted to be from 69 to 92% lower than those for jet fuel at the same equivalence ratio which is in agreement with experimentally observed results. The high heat of vaporization of methanol lowers both the combustor inlet mixture temperatures and the final combustion temperatures. The lower combustion temperatures lead to low NOX emissions while the lower inlet mixture temperatures increase methanol's ignition delay. This increase in ignition delay dictates the lean flammability limit of methanol to be 0.8, while jet fuel is shown to combust at 0.4.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 75-1266
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Application of real-time engine simulations to the development of propulsion system controls (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The development of digital controls for turbojet and turbofan engines can be facilitated by the use of real-time computer simulations of the engines. The engine simulation provides a 'test-bed' for evaluating new control laws and for checking and 'debugging' control software and hardware prior to engine testing. This paper describes the development and use of real-time, hybrid computer simulations of the Pratt & Whitney TF30-P-3 and F100-PW-100 augmented turbofans in support of a number of controls research programs at the Lewis Research Center. The role of engine simulations in solving the propulsion systems integration problem is also discussed.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 75-1176
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Effect of fuel properties on performance of a single aircraft turbojet combustor (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The performance of a single-can JT8D combustor was investigated with a number of fuels exhibiting wide variations in chemical composition and volatility. Performance parameters investigated were combustion efficiency, emissions of CO, unburned hydrocarbons and NOx, as well as liner temperatures and smoke. At the simulated idle condition no significant differences in performance were observed. At cruise, liner temperatures and smoke increased sharply with decreasing hydrogen content of the fuel. No significant differences were observed in the performance of an oil-shale derived JP-5 and a petroleum-based Jet A fuel except for emissions of NOx which were higher with the oil-shale JP-5. The difference is attributed to the higher concentration of fuel-bound nitrogen in the oil-shale JP-5.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: Combustion Institute, Fall Meeting; October 20, 21, 1975; Palo Alto, CA
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  • 6
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    An early glimpse at long-term subsonic commercial turbofan technology requirements (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: This paper reports on the exploratory investigation and initial findings of the study of future turbofan concepts to conserve fuel. To date, these studies have indicated a potential reduction in cruise thrust specific fuel consumption in 1990 turbofans of approximately 15% relative to present day new engines through advances in internal aerodynamics, structure-mechanics, and materials. Advanced materials also offer the potential for fuel savings through engine weight reduction. Further studies are required to balance fuel consumption reduction with sound airlines operational economics.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 75-1207
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Turbofan compressor dynamics during afterburner transients (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The effects of afterburner light-off and shut-down transients on the compressor stability are investigated. The reported experimental results are based on detailed high-response pressure and temperature measurements on the TF30-P-3 turbofan engine. The tests were performed in an altitude test chamber simulating high-altitude engine operation. It is shown that during both types of transients, flow breaks down in the forward part of the fan-bypass duct. At a sufficiently low engine inlet pressure this resulted in a compressor stall. Complete flow breakdown within the compressor was preceded by a rotating stall. At some locations in the compressor, rotating stall cells initially extended only through part of the blade span. For the shut-down transient the time between first and last detected occurrence of rotating stall is related to the flow Reynolds number. An attempt was made to deduce the number and speed of propagation of rotating stall cells.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: NATO, AGARD, Symposium on Unsteady Phenomena in Turbomachinery; Sept. 22-26, 1975; Monterey, CA
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  • 8
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    Photochemistry of hydrocarbons in the Jovian upper atmosphere (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Evidence for magnetic field line reconnection in the solar wind (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The basic scheme of Petschek's (1963) models for slow and fast magnetic reconnection in the solar wind is reviewed in order to determine what sort of results one would expect from satellite observations of possible reconnection processes. Data from HEOS 1 and OGO 5 are then analyzed, in which four observations of neutral sheet structures with large change of magnetic field direction were made. All four may be interpreted as indicating magnetic line reconnections rather than as D-sheets because they all show two distinct discontinuities which bound a lower magnetic field intensity region. The geometry of the magnetic field in the reconnection region appears to be similar to that described by Petschek. In one case the reconnection rate is in agreement with Petschek's prediction, but in the other three cases it is much larger than his limit. The reconnection rates observed do, however, agree with Sonnerup's (1972) limit.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    The upstream escape of energized solar wind protons from the bow shock (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The paper analyzes the geometry of escape from the bow shock for solar wind protons in order to determine under what conditions a proton reflected from the bow shock can escape upstream or not. Some numerical examples show that protons with rather high energies and pitch angles can escape the shock at only marginally quasi-parallel field orientations, even if they have quite moderate speeds parallel to B. This does not provide evidence that such high energy protons are produced at the bow shock, but does show that such protons can escape upstream with the characteristics observed by Lin et al. (1974). It is also possible that some particles will encounter the shock two or more times, their total energy compounding until it reaches a high level.-
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Format: text
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