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  • Articles  (16)
  • Chromatographie, Gas  (9)
  • Drosophila melanogaster
  • Springer  (16)
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
  • 1975-1979  (16)
  • 1975  (16)
Collection
  • Articles  (16)
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  • Springer  (16)
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
Years
  • 1975-1979  (16)
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: aldehyde oxidase ; xanthine dehydrogenase ; Drosophila melanogaster ; molybdenum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two new mutants, deficient in aldehyde oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase, have been isolated from a wild-type stock of Drosophila melanogaster and have been provisionally termed lxd c and lxd d, respectively, as both mutants appear to be allelic with lxd (low xanthine dehydrogenase). An analysis has been made of the effects of dietary molybdenum on lxd, lxd c, lxdd, lao (low aldehyde oxidase), mal (maroon-like eye color), and pac (Pacific) wild-type flies. On the lower dietary levels of 10 −3 M and 10 −2 M molybdenum, increases in specific activity of both enzymes were observed only in lxd. Furthermore, two- to three-fold increases in specific activity of both enzymes occurred in all strains, except mal, when cultured on 5×10 −2 M molybdenum. The lxd and lxd c strains failed to survive on this high concentration of the ion. Similar concentrations of molybdenum had no effect in vitro. An extra electrophoretic band of xanthine dehydrogenase was observed on polyacrylamide gel from extracts of wild-type flies cultured on certain levels of molybdenum, but its appearance was not always correlated with the increases in specific activity.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 13 (1975), S. 603-613 
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: transport mutants ; eye color mutants ; kynurenine ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Malpighian tubules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Kynurenine-H 3 transport and conversion to 3-hydroxykynurenine were studied in organ culture using the Malpighian tubules and developing eyes from wild type and the eye color mutants w, st, 1td, ca, and cn of Drosophila melanogaster. Malpighian tubules from wild type have the ability to concentrate kynurenine and convert it to 3-hydroxykynurenine. The tubules from w, st, 1td, and ca are deficient in the ability to transport kynurenine, as are the eyes of the mutants w, st, and 1td. This defect in kynurenine transport provides a physiological explanation for the phenotypic properties of the mutants. The relationship of these measurements to previous observations on these eye color mutants is discussed and the transport defect hypothesis is consistently supported. We have concluded that several of the eye color mutants in Drosophila are transport mutants.
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  • 3
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    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 13 (1975), S. 263-271 
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: allozymes ; α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase ; Drosophila melanogaster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract On the basis of band staining intensities in electrophoretic runs of single flies homozygous and heterozygous for two alleles at the autosomal locus for GPDH, F allele activity is believed to be 8% lower than S allele activity. Indeed, the intensity distribution in the patterns of FSS and FFS triploid females shows that both are not equally expressed. On a per fly or live weight basis, females with two and three doses of the Gpdh gene show bands with equal staining intensity, thus exhibiting a dosage effect when GPDH activity is estimated on a per cell basis.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster ; enzyme variation ; alcohol dehydrogenase ; electrophoretically identical alleles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A new variant of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH 71k) was found in a laboratory stock of Drosophila melanogaster. ADH in this stock had the same electrophoretic mobility as the F variant both on acrylamide and on agar. Activity levels were similar to the levels in F flies at temperatures between 15 and 25 C. But while ADH F enzyme is inactivated rapidly at 40 C, ADH 71k is still active. Also, ADH S is not inactivated at this temperature, but has a far lower activity per fly than ADH 71k. Genetic analysis showed that the new variant is an allele of the Adh locus.
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  • 5
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    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 124-124 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Pantothensäure, Pantolacton ; Chromatographie, Gas ; Hydrolyse von Coenzym A
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 6
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 9-17 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Ermittlung des Vernetzungsgrades, Beladungszustandes von Ionenaustauschern ; Chromatographie, Gas ; Pyrolyse, Kunstharzbasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zur besseren Reproduzierbarkeit der Zusammensetzung des Pyrolysates bei der Pyrolyse-Gas-Chromatographie wird eine spezielle Eingabenanordnung mit Trägergasumschaltung beschrieben und deren Einfluß auf die Bildung der Pyrolyseprodukte und auf die Retentionszeiten mit einer Modellsubstanz untersucht. Mit Hilfe der Trägergasumschaltung kann man die Bandenflächenverhältnisse zur Bestimmung des Vernetzungsgrades von Ionenaustauschern auf Styrol-DVB-Basis wesentlich genauer ermitteln. Da bei der Pyrolyse von Anionenaustauschern wenigerα-MSt auftritt als bei den Kationenaustauschern, sind die Bandenflächenverhältnisse bei ersteren wesentlich größer. Bei den Anionenaustauschern werden sie mit steigendem Vernetzungsgrad kleiner, wohingegen bei den Kationenaustauschern die Werte steigen. Bei 400° C erfolgt der thermische Angriff im wesentlichen an der aktiven Gruppe der Anionenaustauscher mit Styrol-DVB-Matrix. Die aus dem Gegenion entstehenden Methylester bzw. deren Zersetzungsprodukte sind charakteristische Pyrolyseprodukte. Kennzeichnend für Dowex 1 ist das Auftreten von Trimethylamin, für Dowex 2 das von Acetaldehyd. Somit ist es mit der Pyrolyse-Gas-Chromatographie möglich, zusätzlich zur Matrix, Art und Struktur der funktionellen Gruppe sowie Substitutionsstelle der Ankergruppen an der Matrix auch Vernetzungsgrad und Beladungszustand von Ionenaustauschern zu ermitteln.
    Notes: Abstract A special introduction device with switching of carrier gas for improving the reproducibility of pyrolysate composition in pyrolysis gas-chromatography has been described. Its influence on the formation of pyrolysis products and on retention times has been studied on a model substance. The peak area ratios for determining the degree of cross-linking in ion exchangers on styrene-DVB basis can be estimated considerably more accurately with the help of carrier gas switching. Since anion exchangers yield lessα-methylstyrene on pyrolysis than do cation exchangers, their peak area ratios are appreciably larger. Increasing the degree of cross-linking lowers the ratios with the anion exchangers and raises them with the cation exchangers. At 400° C the thermal attack on anion exchangers with styrene-DVB matrix occurs mainly at the active group. The methyl esters or their decomposition products formed from the counter ions are characteristic pyrolysis products. A feature of Dowex 1 is the formation of trimethylamine; of Dowex 2, acetaldehyde. In this way, pyrolysis gas-chromatography enables information about the degree of cross linking and the nature of the anion of ion exchangers, as well as about the matrix, type and structure of the functional group and position of substitution of the anchor group in the matrix to be obtained.
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  • 7
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 31-32 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Benzol ; Chromatographie, Gas ; ultrapolare Mischphasen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Behavior genetics 5 (1975), S. 395-404 
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster ; Drosophila simulans ; hybrids ; sexual behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Courtship song and mating speed of hybrids betweenDrosophila melanogaster andD. simulans were investigated. The courtship song of hybrid males is identical to that ofD. simulans, suggesting that X chromosome determination, known from the cross betweenD. pseudoobscura andD. persimilis, is also possible here. Wingbeat frequency of hybrids is intermediate between that of the two parents, demonstrating that courtship song and wingbeat frequency are inherited independently of each other. In mating tests, hybrid males court and are accepted byD. simulans females more than hybrid females (presumably because their song is more “acceptable” to the former).D. melanogaster females reject hybrid males. Hybrid females acceptD. melanogaster males readily, hybrids less readily, andD. simulans least.
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  • 9
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    Springer
    Behavior genetics 5 (1975), S. 9-16 
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster ; temperature ; spatial distribution ; geotaxis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of temperature and sex on spatial distribution ofDrosophila melanogaster adults was studied in a specially designed apparatus. It was observed that individuals tend to aggregate in sections of the sphere independently of sex and temperature. Nevertheless, decrease in temperature increase aggregation. The mobility of both males and females indicates a megative geotactic tendency.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: phototaxis ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Drosophila simulans ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The phototactic responses of four recently collected isofemale strains ofDrosophila melanogaster andDrosophila simulans were measured in a light gradient from 590 to 10 lux. High light intensities were preferred by most flies, but a small proportion of flies preferred the lowest light intensity. Based on the strains tested,D. simulans showed greater phototaxis thanD. melanogaster, and within each species variability was found. The niche breadth ofD. melanogaster appears likely to be greater than that ofD. simulans for phototaxis in the light gradient. These results are in general qualitative agreement with earlier results published on dispersal activities from the same populations.
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  • 11
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 273 (1975), S. 19-23 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Organozinnverbindungen, Alkylzinnverbindungen, Organozinnstabilisatoren ; Chromatographie, Gas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die quantitative Bestimmung von Mono-, Di-, Tri- und Tetraalkylzinnverbindungen in Mischungen durch Gas-Chromatographie ist möglich nach Alkylierung zu gemischten Tetraalkylzinnderivaten. Die Alkylierung mit Methyl-, Butyl- und Octylmagnesylchlorid in Diäthyläther ist quantitativ und verläuft ohne Veränderung der ursprünglichen Zinnverteilung. Sie läßt sich nicht nur auf Alkylzinnoxide und -chloride, sondern auch direkt auf Alkylzinn-thioglykolate anwenden. Die aus der Umsetzung der Thioglykolsäureester resultierenden Nebenprodukte werden von der gas-chromatographischen Analyse an Kieselgel absorbiert und die Tetraalkylzinnverbindungen mit n-Pentan eluiert. Die gas-chromatographische Trennung wird wahlweise an Carbowax oder Polyglycol 20000 durchgeführt bei Temperaturen zwischen 100 und 230° C. Die Peak-Flächen entsprechen den Gew.-% Tetraalkylzinn.
    Notes: Abstract The quantitative determination of mono-, di-, tri- and tetraalkyl tin compounds in mixture by GLC is possible after alkylation to mixed tetraalkyl tins. The alkylation with methyl-, butyl- and octyl magnesium chloride runs quantitatively without any change in the original alkyl groups attached to the tin. The method can be applied not only for alkyl tin oxides and chlorides but also directly for alkyl tin thioglycolates. The by-products resulting from the thioglycolic acid ester cleavage are absorbed on silica gel prior to GLC and the tetraalkyl tins are eluted with n-pentane. Gas-chromatographic analysis is carried out alternatively with carbowax and polyglycol 20000 at temperatures between 100 and 230° C. The peak areas correspond to the weight percentage of tetraalkyl tin.
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  • 12
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 273 (1975), S. 113-116 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Monobutylphosphat, Dibutylphosphat in Tributylphosphat, n-Alkanen ; Chromatographie, Gas ; Überwachung der Wiederaufarbeitung von HTR-Brennelementen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei der Wiederaufarbeitung von HTR-Brennelementen durch Solventextraktion nach dem THOREX-Prozeß wird das als Extraktionsmittel verwendete Tributylphosphat/n-Alkan-Gemisch einer intensiven hydrolytischen und radiolytischen Beanspruchung ausgesetzt. Hauptprodukte sind Di- und Monobutylphosphat, die schon in geringen Konzentrationen durch Bildung nicht rückextrahierbarer Urankomplexe und Überführung gewisser Spaltprodukte in die wäßrige Produktphase zu Störungen bei der Extraktion führen. Beide Ester werden durch Sodawäsche aus dem bestrahlten Extraktionsmittel entfernt, welches danach wiederverwendet werden kann. Zur Kontrolle der Wirksamkeit dieser Solventwäsche, der Zusammensetzung des frischen und der Gesamtqualität des recyclierten Extraktionsmittels soll die Gas-Chromatographie innerhalb des JUPITER-Prozesses eingesetzt werden. Sie erlaubt eine quantitative Bestimmung von DBP und MBP bis zu Gehalten von etwa 25 ppm. Die Analysendauer beträgt ca. 100 min.
    Notes: Abstract During reprocessing of HTR fuel elements by the THOREX solvent extraction process the tributylphosphate/n-alcane mixture used as extractant is subject to an intensive radiolytic and hydrolytic burden. Main degradation products are di- and monobutylphosphate which in quite low concentrations disturb the solvent extraction by retention of uranium and transfer of some fission products into the aqueous product solution. Both esters are removed from the irradiated solvent by washing with a sodium carbonate solution, after which the solvent may be recycled. For a control of the efficiency of this solvent recovery procedure as well as of the composition of the fresh and recycled solvent in the JUPITER reprocessing facility, gas chromatography will be used. This method allows the determination of di- and monobutylphosphate down to concentration levels of about 25 parts per million. An analysis requires about 100 min.
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  • 13
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 274 (1975), S. 353-357 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Chloriden, Bromiden ; Chromatographie, Gas ; Elemente der III. -V. Gruppe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The theory for the relation between retention volume and boiling point in gas chromatography was applied to the retention volumes for bromides of IV- and chlorides and bromides of III- and V-group elements in the periodic table, as an extension of the previous paper on chlorides of IV-group elements. The apparent solubility parameter of solventβδ S was separated into the non-regularity parameterβ and the solubility parameter of solventδ S, and the meaning ofβ and the value ofδ S were estimated empirically. Followingδ S values were obtained: Silicon oil DC 550 (8.1), Apiezon grease L (9.1), PEG 1500 (11.6), FeCl3 · 6 H2O (12.5), Low melting point alloy (12.5) and Ga metal (13.4).
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Theorie über die Beziehung zwischen Retentionsvolumen und Siedepunkt in der Gas-Chromatographie wurde auf die Retentionsvolumina der Bromide der IV. sowie der Chloride und Bromide der III. und V. Gruppe angewendet (in Fortführung der früheren Arbeit über die Chloride der IV. Gruppe). Der scheinbare Löslichkeitsparameter des Lösungsmittels (βδ S) wurde aufgetrennt in den Unregelmäßigkeitsparameter (β) und den Löslichkeitsparameter des Lösungsmittels (δ S). Die Bedeutung vonβ und der Wert vonδ S wurden empirisch bestimmt. Die folgendenδ S-Werte wurden erhalten: Siliconöl DC 550 (8,1), Apiezonfett L (9,1), PEG 1500 (11,6), FeCl3 · 6 H2O (12,5), niedrigschmelzende Legierung (12,5), Ga-Metall (13,4).
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  • 14
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 275 (1975), S. 27-27 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Acetylen, Methylacetylen, Äthylacetylen, Vinylacetylen ; Chromatographie, Gas ; Isolierung als Acetylide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 15
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 276 (1975), S. 127-128 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Essigsäure und Propionsäure in Polyamid 6 ; Chromatographie, Gas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 16
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 373-373 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Verw. von 3-Hydroxyglutarsäuredinitril als Trennflüssigkeit ; Chromatographie, Gas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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