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  • 42.55
  • hypertension
  • Springer  (5)
  • Cambridge University Press
  • Frontiers Media
  • 2020-2022
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (5)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1975  (5)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (5)
  • Cambridge University Press
  • Frontiers Media
Years
  • 2020-2022
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (5)
  • 1970-1974
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma concentration of α-methyldopa and sulphate conjugate after oral administration of methyldopa and intravenous administration of methyldopa and methyldopa hydrochloride ethyl ester (1975)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 381-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: α-methyldopa ; plasma concentration ; hypertension ; sulphate conjugation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma concentrations of free α-methyldopa and methyldopa sulphate conjugate were measured in 7 hypertensive patients with normal renal function following α-methyldopa (1 g) orally. Five of these patients subsequently received α-methyldopa ethyl ester (250 mg) (methyldopate) intravenously and two further patients received 250 mg of α-methyldopa intravenously. After oral administration a large amount of total plasma α-methyldopa was present as sulphate conjugate. There were wide interindividual differences in the ratio of free: conjugated α-methyldopa in plasma (ratio at 4 hours ranged from 3.73 – 0.83) suggesting that individual differences in the extent of sulphate conjugation may occur. There was no close correlation between the degree of conjugation and the fall in arterial pressure. At all time intervals examined, plasma concentrations were higher following intravenous α-methyldopa than α-methyldopate. The plasma concentration of α-methyldopa (free and esterified) 60 minutes after i.v. α-methyldopate was 1.7±0.3 µg/ml wile at the same time after the same dose of methyldopa by the same route the mean concentration was 5.9 µg/ml. Although small amounts of sulphate conjugate were detected after i.v. α-methyldopate, insignificant quantities of conjugate were found after i.v. α-methyldopa. The average fall in mean arterial pressure was 27 mm Hg following i.v. α-methyldopa but only 2.7 mm Hg following α-methyldopate. These results suggest that sulphate conjugation of α-methyldopa occurs in the gastrointestinal tract during absorption. Hydrolysis of α-methyldopa ethyl ester does not appear to be instantaneous and pharmacokinetic differences between the ester and free α-methyldopa have been demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562310
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of diazoxide on left ventricular performance in hypertension (1975)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 387-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Left ventricular pressure ; left ventricular contractility ; hypertension ; diazoxide ; beta-adrenergic blockade ; isometric exercise
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of diazoxide on left ventricular performance during rest and isometric exercise (handgrip) was examined in 16 unselected hypertensive patients, 6 of whom had been pretreated with the beta-adrenergic blocking agent pindolol. Diazoxide regularly and promptly produced a fall in left ventricular systolic and end diastolic pressures, and an increase in heart rate and left ventricular dp/dtmax. Haemodynamic changes were maximal 2 minutes after injection of the drug and decreased little over the next 8 minutes. After beta-adrenergic blockade, diazoxide caused a more pronounced reduction in left ventricular systolic pressure and a less marked fall in end-diastolic pressure, whilst the diazoxide-induced rise in heart rate was partially and the increase of dp/dtmax was completely inhibited. The increase in systolic pressure during isometric exercise was not influenced by diazoxide, but the positive inotropic reaction was augmented. The findings appear to show that cardiac stimulation by diazoxide is due to a reflex mechanism transmitted by baroreceptors, and that improvement of cardiac performance is mainly due to a reduction of left ventricular after-load.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562311
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long term treatment of moderate hypertension with penbutolol (Hoe 893d). I. Effects on blood pressure, pulse rate, catecholamines in blood and urine, plasma renin activity and urinary aldosterone under basal conditions and following exercise (1975)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 9 (1975), S. 9-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Beta-blockade ; penbutolol ; hypertension ; plasma and urinary catecholamines ; plasma renin ; aldosterone excretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of penbutolol (Hoe 893 d), a new non-selective beta-receptor blocking agent, were studied in 5 patients with moderate hypertension. Initially, it was shown that 2–4 mg given orally once or twice daily tended to lower blood pressure and pulse rate, both at rest and following submaximal work. In prolonged trials (3–8 months) 40–60 mg/day were required to produce an acceptable antihypertensive effect. Penbutolol had no effect on the normal increase in plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline on standing, nor did it alter basal urinary catecholamine excretion. Submaximal work caused no significant change in plasma catecholamines before treatment, but there was a marked rise both in plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline during treatment with penbutolol. In short term studies there was a fall in plasma renin by 4 hours after oral administration of penbutolol 2–4 mg, which persisted for 24 hours. Prolonged treatment with penbutolol 20–30 mg twice daily inhibited renin production under basal conditions and following submaximal work, as well as lowered basal urinary aldosterone excretion. In one patient slight asthmatic symptoms appeared after treatment for 3 months with penbutolol. In other respects penbutolol was well tolerated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00613424
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypotensive effect of oxprenolol in mild to moderate hypertension: a multicentre controlled study (1975)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 8 (1975), S. 21-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Multicentre controlled trial ; hypertension ; oxprenolol ; hydrochlorothiazide dihydralazine ; side effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a multicentre, double-blind, between-patient study the hypotensive effect of oxprenolol was investigated in 329 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. A factorial experimental design with three factors was chosen: oxprenolol — none or daily doses of 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg; dihydralazine and hydrochlorothiazide, respectively, none or 30 mg daily. Each treatment was given for 4 weeks after an adequate period of withdrawal from any other possible hypotensive therapy and one week of placebo wash-out. Irrespective of the association with dihydralazine and/or hydrochlorothiazide, oxprenolol had a hypotensive effect linearly related to dose for standing systolic (P〈0.05) and diastolic (P〈0.01) pressure, and for lying diastolic (P〈0.05) pressure. The addition of dihydralazine enhanced the time-course of the hypotensive effect of oxprenolol, particularly the 80 mg dose level. In general, the combination of oxprenolol with dihydralazine and hydrochlorothiazide caused larger reductions in blood pressure, particularly with oxprenolol 80 mg. In the latter group, the eventual falls in blood pressure were 30.5 and 14.4 mmHg for lying systolic and diastolic, respectively; and 32.1 and 20.0 mmHg for the standing systolic and diastolic pressures. The drug was well tolerated; major side effects (heart failure and bronchospasm) occurred in three patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00616411
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the local cerebral blood flow accompanying elevation of the systemic arterial pressure in animals (1975)
    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 80 (1975), S. 1412-1414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: cerebral blood flow ; hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The systemic arterial pressure was raised in normal rabbits and in rabbits with experimental renal hypertension by intravenous injection of noradrenalin and the local cerebral blood flow was recorded at two points of the cortex or white matter of the cerebral hemispheres by the hydrogen-clearance method, and the EEG also was recorded. A series of successive changes in the local cerebral blood flow was observed and these changes could be similar or different in duration and character at different electrodes. Pathological forms of activity were revealed on the EEG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00842623
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