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  • Electron Microscopy  (11)
  • Springer  (11)
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • Wien : Geolog. Bundesanst.
  • 2010-2014
  • 2005-2009
  • 1975-1979  (11)
  • 2010
  • 1975  (11)
Collection
Publisher
  • Springer  (11)
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • Wien : Geolog. Bundesanst.
Years
  • 2010-2014
  • 2005-2009
  • 1975-1979  (11)
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Langmuir-Blodgett Layers ; Instability ; Crystallization ; Electron Microscopy ; Infrared Spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Results of an investigation of the stability of n-layers of barium stearate, cadmium arachidate and tripalmitin by means of electron microscopy and attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy are reported. Odd and even numbered barium stearate n-layers with n=1,2,3.4,5 are found to rearrange spontaneously from a regular film into ultrastructures of irregular, flat islands of varying thickness. The kinetics of the phase transformation of the first layer depends on the substrate, that of n-layers appears to be dependent on n, the temperature, and the surrounding medium. The kinetic behaviour of odd and even numbered layers is distinctly different. Similar studies on cadmium arachidate layers reveal much slower kinetics of the rearrangement process. In the case of tripalmitin n-layers it is shown that electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy yield valuable complementary information about ultrastructure and molecular structure of the layers in correlation with the rearrangement process, which also occurs with this system. Consequences of the results of this paper for work published in various fields are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 104 (1975), S. 171-178 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Rhizobium ; Bacteriophage ; Electron Microscopy ; Fine Structure ; Optical Diffraction ; DNA ; “Sticky Ends” ; Partial Denaturation ; AT-GC-Map ; Computer Application
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Bacteriophage 16-6-12 of Rhizobium lupini has a long, non-contractile tail and a head which is hexagonal in outline. The tail is 140 nm in length, 11 nm in diameter, and carries a short terminal fiber. Analysis of the tail structure by optical diffraction indicates that it is of the helical “stacked disc” type. After phenol-extraction from purified particles, the DNA of phage 16-6-12 can circularize in vitro. No significant difference in contour length was observed between the linear (14.34±0.28 μm) and circular (14.44±0.24 μm) forms of molecules. After partial denaturation with alkali an AT-GC-map was constructed, which shows an asymmetric distribution of AT- and GC-rich regions. It is concluded that this phage DNA can circularize due to the presence of cohesive ends and that it is not circularly permuted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 105 (1975), S. 329-333 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Piptocephalis ; Electron Microscopy ; Sporangiospore ; Mucorales ; Freeze-Etching ; Merosporangium ; Plasmalemma ; Wall Structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sporangiospore structure in Piptocephalis unispora Benjamin was studied using light microscopy, freeze-etching, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and compared with that of other members of the Mucorales. A merosporangial wall, plasmalemmal invaginations, and wall protuberances were demonstrated in sections and their possible significance discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 102 (1975), S. 75-83 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Fine-Structure ; Acinetobacter sp. ; Hydrocarbon Inclusions ; Electron Microscopy ; X-Ray Diffraction ; Transport of Hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 1. The fine-structure analysis of the hydrocarbon oxidizing microorganism, Acinetobacter sp., demonstrated a cytoplasmic modification resulting from growth on paraffinic and olefinic hydrocarbons. 2. Intracytoplasmic hydrocarbon inclusions were documented by electron microscopy with chemical identifications obtained by gas chromatography and X-ray diffraction. 3. These results demonstrate the ability of a micro-organism to accumulate hydrocarbon substrates intracellularly which, in turn, indicates transport across the cell membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 102 (1975), S. 59-64 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Membrane Proteins ; Electron Microscopy ; Rhodospirillum rubrum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Intracytoplasmic membranes isolated from Rhodospirillum rubrum, mutant strain VI, were extracted with the detergent lauryl dimethyl amine oxide. Subsequently two fractions were isolated, one of which contained reaction centers and the other contained light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll of the photosynthetic apparatus. The two fractions are compared with unextracted membranes on the basis of protein patterns obtained by different methods of polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis. Electron micrographs of the light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll fraction reveal the presence of vesicular membrane structures. The only difference between such membranes and unextracted membranes is identified after freeze etching. While unextracted membrane surfaces are studded with particles extracted membranes exhibit a smooth surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Candida tropicalis ; Catalase Activity ; Development of Microbodies ; Electron Microscopy ; Utilization of n-Alkanes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Development of microbodies in Candida tropicalis pK 233 was studied mainly by electron microscopical observation. The yeast cells, precultured on malt extract, scarcely contained microbodies and showed very low catalase activity. When the precultured cells were transferred to a n-alkane medium and incubated with shaking, the number of microbodies increased and concomitantly the activity of catalase was enhanced. That is, both the area ratio of microbodies in the cell and the ratio of microbodies to cytoplasm in area increased significantly during the utilization of n-alkanes for 8 hrs. Localization of catalase in the microbodies was demonstrated cytochemically by use of 3,3′-diaminobenzidine, but other organella in the cell, except for vacuoles appearing in the early growth phase and mitochondria, were not stained with this reagent. Microbodies seemed to grow by division. Biogenesis of microbodies in the yeast cells is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 103 (1975), S. 91-112 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Phytophthora ; Electron Microscopy ; Oogonium ; Oosphere ; Antheridium ; Oospore ; Wall Morphogenesis ; Amphigyny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gametangial development and oospore formation were studied, with emphasis on cell wall morphogenesis, on mated cultures (A1xA2) of Phytophthora capsici. In this species, the oogonial and antheridial hyphae interact to produce a typical amphigynous antheridium. The following developmental steps were recognized: 1) contact between oogonial and antheridial initials; 2) penetration of the antheridial initial by the oogonial initial; 3) reemergence of the oogonial initial; 4) oogonial expansion; 5) gametangial delimitation and oogonial wall thickening; 6) penetration of the oogonium by the antheridial fertilization tube; 7) oosphere formation; 8) periplasm degeneration and outer oospore wall formation; and 9) inner oospore wall formation. Electron micrographs were obtained of steps 3–9. Steps 1 and 2 were reconstructed from subsequent events. Steps 3–6 are stages of active wall formation with clear indication of intensive dictyosome activity leading to the formation of numerous wall-destined vesicles of two different sizes and electron densities. No vesicles were seen associated with the development of the inner oospore wall; however, by this stage of development the oosphere cytoplasm exhibited an overall intense electron density that obscured fine detail. Cytoplasmic appearance changed enormously during differentiation, from a developing oogonium rich in mitochondria, ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, dictyosomes and their vesicles, through an oosphere filled with large “finger-print” vacuoles and lipid-like bodies, to a mature oospore with a large central vacuole (ooplast) surrounded by a cortex of numerous lipid-like bodies; other organelles are confined to the interstitial space between these storage bodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 104 (1975), S. 215-223 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Mesosome ; Tubular Membranes ; Fine Structure ; Electron Microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Während einer 10tägigen Inkubation als Oberflächenkultur bei 30°C durchliefen Zellen des gramnegativen Bodenbakteriums Pseudomonas rhodos drei Wachstumsphasen, die sich physiologisch und morphologisch voneinander unterschieden. Elektronemikroskopische Untersuchungen an jungen Zellen zeigten Mesosomen in typisch eingerollter Form. In alternden Zellen konnten stattdessen lose gerollte oder langgestreckte, abgeplattet-tubuläre Membransysteme gefunden werden, die als degenerierende Mesosomen gedeutet wurden. Durch Lysozym- oder Ultraschall-behandlung dieser Zellen konnten tubuläre Strukturen isoliert und durch differentielle Zentrifugation angereichert werden. Elektronenmikroskopische Aufnahmen solcher Anreicherungen zeigten lange, abgeplattete Röhren, die gelegentlich an einem Ende geschlossen erschienen. Ihr Durchmesser betrug 34±5 nm. Sie waren mit einer Substanz ausgekleidet, die durch Trypsin abgebaut werden konnte, wobei eine elektronentransparente Matrix freigelegt wurde. Isolierte Tubuli zeigten in einigen Fällen einen periodischen Feinbau aus ellipsoiden Untereinheiten. Die lichtoptische Diffraktions-analyse ergab ein Gitter von Untereinheiten, die in Schrauben mit einer 27°-Steigung angeordnet sind; die Dimensionen der Elementarzelle betragen 112×56 Å. Die Proteinnatur der Gitterkomponenten wurde aus ihrer Trypsinempfindlichkeit gefolgert. Es wird postuliert, daß diese Proteinkomponenten auf einer tubulären Membranmatrix aufgelagert sind. Form und Feinstrukturparameter unterscheiden die Tubuli deutlich von einer periodisch aufgebauten Schicht der P. rhodos-Zellwand mit tetragonalem Gitter sowie von den “polyheads” und “polysheaths” defekter Bakteriophagen. Ihre mögliche Entstehung aus intakten Mesosomen wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract During a 10 day-incubation on agar surfaces at 30°C, cells of the gram-negative soil bacterium Pseudomonas rhodos pass through three phases distinguishable by physiological and morphological criteria. When viewed by electron microscopy, typically “rolled” mesosomes could frequently be observed in young cells. In aged cells instead, loosely rolled or stretched-out, flattened tubules could be discerned, presumed to be degenerate mesosomes. Tubular flattened structures have been isolated from these cells by lysozyme treatment or sonication and were concentrated by differential centrifugation. Electron micrographs of these preparations showed long, straight tubules which sometimes appeared sealed at one end. Their width was 34±5 nm. They contained a lining of material, which could be digested by trypsin leaving behind an electron-transparent matrix. In rare cases, isolated tubules showed a periodic fine structure composed of ellipsoidal subunits. Optical diffraction analysis yielded a lattice consisting of subunits arranged in helices of pitch-angle 27°; the unit cell dimensions were shown to be 112×56 Å. Owing to their sensitivity to trypsin, components of the regular lattice are supposed to consist of protein. It is postulated that these protein components are layered onto a tubular membrane. These tubules are clearly distinguishable by their shape and fine structure from the periodic structure of a P. rhodos cell wall layer, which exhibits a tetragonal pattern, and also from polyheads and polysheaths of defective bacteriophages. Their possible origin from intact mesosomes is discussed.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Islands of Langerhans ; Mitochondria ; Enzymes ; Tissue Culture ; Electron Microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Isolated islets of Langerhans from mice were maintained in tissue culture for one week at either a high (28 mM) or a low (3.3 mM) extracellular glucose concentration. Electron microscopic morphometry by means of stereological methods revealed a much greater volume of mitochondria in islet cells cultured at low glucose than in those cultured at high glucose. The former islets also showed a higher activity of the mitochondrial marker enzyme, L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (E.C.1.1.1.35). These results indicate a true mitochondrial hypertrophy at the low glucose concentration. Although it is known from previous studies that the islet cell metabolism is diminished after low-glucose culture, the present observations of an increased mitochondrial volume probably do not reflect a degenerative process, but rather adaptive changes towards oxidation of energy yielding substrates other than glucose.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 165 (1975), S. 89-102 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spermiogenesis (teleost) ; Microtubules ; Centriolar complex ; Electron Microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary During nuclear elongation in spermatids of Gambusia affinis, a deep fossa is formed at the base of the nucleus in which the centriolar complex and proximal portion of the flagellum reside. To stabilize the positional relationship between the nucleus and centriolar complex, while nuclear morphogenesis is taking place, a series of microtubules develop which emanate from the centriolar complex and extend to the nuclear envelope lining the fossa. Buttressing microtubules also develop within the nuclear fossa which both originate and insert along the nuclear envelope. These appear to stabilize nuclear shape prior to the time when chromatin condensation has proceeded to the stage where it could lend structural stability to nuclear form. Microtubules develop only after specific nuclear morphogenic events have taken place. It is therefore concluded that the spermatid nucleus is capable of “self-assembly” involving microtubules in a supportive role in addition to stabilizing the nuclear-flagellar relationship in G. affinis. The pattern of nuclear fossa-associated microtubules in G. affinis is significantly different from that observed in other poeciliid teleosts indicating a degree of species specificity with regard to both the timing of appearance and total number of microtubules.
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 156 (1975), S. 239-252 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Olfactory mucosa ; Sense organs ; Reptilia ; Electron Microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Olfactory epithelium in Tiliqua scincoides scincoides is of a loosely packed pseudostratified type. It receives secretion from the supporting cells and the underlying glands of Bowman. Its surface bears microvilli and cilia from sensory cells and microvilli from supporting cells. The vomeronasal epithelium is also pseudostratified but higher and more closely packed. Its surface carries microvilli from sensory and supporting cells but lacks cilia. Vascular connective tissue penetrates it almost to the epithelial surface but is always outlined by basal cell processes and a basal lamina. There are no secretory cells in or under the sensory epithelium but some cells in the epithelium of the mushroom body contain secretion granules. Sensory cells of both epithelia are bipolar neurons. The perikarya of the vomeronasal cells are more neuronal in character. Axonic processes are similar in both, dendrites are distinctive. Olfactory dendrites end in rounded rods bearing microvilli and cilia of an unusual type. Microvilli with filamentous cores occur on vomeronasal dendrites. There are no cilia, but 2–6 centrioles appear below the cell surface. Basal cells are structurally similar in both epithelia, but axonic processes of olfactory cells are surrounded by supporting cell processes, while vomeronasal axonic processes are surrounded by basal cells before they leave the epithelium. The presence of cilia and microvilli on the surface of the sensory cells is discussed in relation to the physical conditions surrounding them.
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