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  • Articles  (32)
  • Time Factors  (32)
  • 1975-1979  (32)
  • 1978  (32)
  • 1975
  • Natural Sciences in General  (32)
  • Geosciences
  • 11
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: Ejaculations decreased and mount latencies increased when intact males were paired regularly over a 3.5-year period (3180 tests) with ovariectomized females made constantly receptive by daily injections of estradiol. The deterioration in potency was abruptly and completely reversed by substituting a group of new but similarly treated females for the original ones.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michael, R P -- Zumpe, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):451-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417398" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ejaculation ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; Male ; Pair Bond ; Periodicity ; Seasons ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Testosterone/blood ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-04-14
    Description: Cocaine (2.0 milligrams per kilogram) given by the oral route is at least as effective as the same dose given intranasally. Cocaine is not detected in the plasma until 30 minutes after oral administration, but peak plasma concentrations are similar after both routes. The subjective "highs" in man are greater after oral than after intranasal administration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Dyke, C -- Jatlow, P -- Ungerer, J -- Barash, P G -- Byck, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 14;200(4338):211-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24895" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Intranasal ; Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Cocaine/*administration & dosage/blood/pharmacology ; Euphoria/drug effects ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: Endogenous opiate-like peptides (endorphins) are putative neuroregulators located throughout the mammalian brainstem. There is some evidence for their role in pain, stress, and affect. We report that the opiate antagonist, naloxone, alters some schizophrenic symptoms. In a double-blind, cross-over study, naloxone produced decreases in auditory hallucinations in some schizophrenic patients. This finding supports the hypothesis that the endorphins may play a roll in modulating hallucinations in a highly selected subgroup of chronically hallucinating schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watson, S J -- Berger, P A -- Akil, H -- Mills, M J -- Barchas, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):73-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/351804" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Endorphins/physiology ; Hallucinations/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Naloxone/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Schizophrenia/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid/drug therapy ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-05-19
    Description: In two cebus (Cebus albifrons) monkeys given weekly oral doses of 0.25 milligram of haloperidol per kilogram, movement disorders appeared 1 to 8 hours after drug administration following the tenth weekly dose. These disorders included oral movements, peculiar postures, writhing, and stretching. Such reactions faded in intensity after the next two doses. Increasing the dose to 0.5 milligram per kilogram has elicited the disorders reliably after each weekly dose for almost 2 years. Similar reactions also developed in a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciurea) treated weekly with haloperidol and in a third cebus monkey previously maintained for a year on a regimen of 0.25 milligram of haloperidol per kilogram on 5 days per week. These findings suggest an experimental model for determining the etiology of drug-induced movement disorders. They also suggest an unrecognized clinical problem.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiss, B -- Santelli, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 19;200(4343):799-801.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417399" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; *Haloperidol/administration & dosage ; Haplorhini ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-02-03
    Description: Recordings in identified neurons and muscles that mediate crayfish tailflips reveal inhibitory postsynaptic potentials of two distinct durations. Those of long duration are recorded in five classes of cells in the flexion circuit, while those of short duration are recorded in three classes of cells in the extension circuit. The durations of the inhibitory postsynaptic potentials are matched to the durations of inhibition required by the different phases of the behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wine, J -- Hagiwara, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 3;199(4328):557-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622557" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Astacoidea/physiology ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Escape Reaction/physiology ; Interneurons/physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; Motor Neurons/physiology ; Movement ; Muscles/*physiology ; Neural Inhibition ; Synaptic Membranes/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: After 3 weeks of twice-daily administration of desipramine to rats, the frequency-response curve for field stimulation of adrenergic neurons in isolated left atrial strips was shifted markedly to the left and the efflux of [3H]norepinephrine was enhanced greatly. After 1 day of treatment, only slight shifts in the frequency-response curve and small increases in [3H]norepinephrine efflux occurred although inhibition of [3H]norepinephrine uptake was already maximal, and phenoxybenzamine caused a further shift to the left in the frequency-response curve similar to that which occurred after 3 weeks of desipramine treatment alone. A gradual decrease in the sensitivity of the presynaptic alpha receptor would explain the delay in the onset of the linical effect of the tricyclic antidepressants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crews, F T -- Smith, C B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):322-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/211589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Desipramine/*pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Phenoxybenzamine/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*drug effects ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/*drug effects ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/drug effects ; Synaptic Membranes/drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/*drug effects ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: Concentrations of luteinizing hormone in the serums of human neonates were altered when the neonates were exposed to prolonged, intense illumination (phototherapy) with their eyes covered. Concentrations decreased after 48 to 72 hours of exposure, increased 6 to 9 days after phototherapy, and subsequently returned to levels similar to those of controls. These data suggest that light may affect pituitary-gonadal function in the human neonate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dacou-Voutetakis, C -- Anagnostakis, D -- Matsaniotis, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1229-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628840" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; *Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal/blood/*therapy ; Luteinizing Hormone/*blood ; *Phototherapy ; Time Factors ; Vision, Ocular
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 1978-07-21
    Description: Silicone pellets containing d-amphetamine base were implanted subcutaneously in rats. These pellets release amphetamine continuously for at least 10 days. Several days after implantation, swollen dopamine axons concomitant with large decreases in tyrosine hydroxylase activity were observed in the caudate nucleus. Decreased tyrosine hydroxylase activity was still present 110 days after pellet removal in the caudate but not in several other brain regions, nor in the caudate of rats injected with an equivalent amount of amphetamine in daily injections. This implies that continuous amphetamine administration has a selective neurotoxic effect on dopamine terminals in the caudate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ellison, G -- Eison, M S -- Huberman, H S -- Daniel, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):276-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26975" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Catecholamines/*metabolism ; Caudate Nucleus/cytology/*drug effects/metabolism ; Dextroamphetamine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Drug Implants ; Male ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; Rats ; Time Factors ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/*metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-09-15
    Description: The retinal pigment epithelium of RCS rats, previously thought not to phagocytize photoreceptor outer segments, exhibited a peak of phagocytosis in vivo when animals were kept under conditions of cyclic lighting (12 hours of darkness and 12 hours of light). The peak occurred at 1 hour after the onset of light, with maximum and minimum levels of phagocytosis averaging about 5 percent of that found in the pigment epithelium of Osborn-Mendel rats used as a control. Eyecups that were obtained from Osborn-Mendel rats and maintained for up to 3 hours in organ culture demonstrated levels of phagocytosis that were sevenfold greater than those of unincubated controls. Likewise a tenfold increase occurred in incubated as opposed to unicubated RCS eyes, raising the possibility that phagocytosis could be experimentally stimulated in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldman, A I -- O'Brien, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 15;201(4360):1023-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/567376" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Count ; Circadian Rhythm ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Phagocytes/ultrastructure ; *Phagocytosis ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 1978-06-23
    Description: In cultures made from disaggregated human epidermal cells, growth to a confluent cell layer is followed by the emergence of patterns resembling those of human dermatoglyphs. These patterns reflect intrinsic properties of kertinocytes. In vivo, only the epidermis of the volar surfaces forms patterns, but in culture, patterns are formed by epidermal cells from other sites as well. Patterns develop by a process of cell movement which first produces ridges and then curves the ridges into figures of increasing complexity, ultimately whorls.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Green, H -- Thomas, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 23;200(4348):1385-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663617" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Differentiation ; Cell Movement ; Cells, Cultured ; *Dermatoglyphics ; Embryonic Induction ; Epidermis/*cytology ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Humans ; Time Factors
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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