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  • GEOPHYSICS  (1,214)
  • SPACE SCIENCES  (858)
  • Animals
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974  (2,072)
  • 1974  (2,072)
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  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974  (2,072)
Year
  • 1
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    A method for determining optimum re-entry trajectories (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-02
    Description: The Pontryagin Maximum Principle is used to formulate the problem of finding optimum atmospheric vehicular reentry trajectories. The optimization problem is that of minimizing an integral which is a function of the state and control variables. The vehicle's motion is assumed to be influenced by a gravitational force and an aerodynamic force. The problem is formulated and the necessary equations are developed simultaneously for three sets of Euler angles. Computational procedures are suggested so that numerical trajectories may be generated.
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
    Type: Multivariant Function Model Generation; 93 p
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Vehicle control for fuel optimization (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-02
    Description: The problem of predicting the minimum fuel trajectory for a six degree of freedom vehicle which has a motion characterized by the first order differential equations of translational and rotational dynamics is considered. The thrust direction and center of gravity of the vehicle are assumed to be fixed with respect to the vehicle. Thrust magnitude and the control moment are used as control variables and appear linearly in the equation of motion. Pontryagin's Maximum Principle is used to solve the variational problem. With this formulation, the extremal controls are bang-bang with the exception of the singular case.
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
    Type: Multivariant Function Model Generation; 18 p
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Transport of charged particles in the earth's magnetosphere (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: A review of recent data on and conceptions of processes in which high energy particles are transported across magnetic shells in the earth's magnetosphere is presented. The processes discussed include adiabatic processes (with conservation of all three adiabatic invariants of charged particle motion in the magnetic field), diffusion processes (with violation of only the third or third and second invariants), and the so-called fast nonadiabatic processes, which appear to result from the action of strong electric fields.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Interplanet. Medium and Phys. of the Magnetosphere (NASA-TT-F-784); p 247-265
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  • 4
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    Vibrations of the earth's magnetic tail (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: The natural vibration period of the tail (regarded as bundle of magnetic line-of-force strings) and the characteristic time of recurrence of magnetospheric substorms are of the same order, suggesting the possibility of a relation between these phenomena. A model of the tail in the form of a plasma cylinder whose free boundary is immersed in the interplanetary plasma is examined. The nature of the natural oscillations of the tail excited by variations of the solar wind pressure is studied in this model. These vibrations have a total energy of approximately 10 to the 22nd power erg, which is sufficient to generate magnetospheric substorms.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Interplanet. Medium and Phys. of the Magnetosphere (NASA-TT-F-784); p 267-273
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  • 5
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    Calculation of the shape of the boundary of the magnetosphere (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: The possibilities of calculating the shape and dimensions of the magnetopause are discussed. Initial equations are proposed. A review of existing methods is given.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Interplanet. Medium and Phys. of the Magnetosphere (NASA-TT-F-784); p 224-246
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  • 6
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    Analysis of methods of measuring electric-field strength in the magnetosphere (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: Various methods of electric field strength measurements are examined and evaluated as to accuracy, and the requirements made of instrumentation for satellite measurements of electric field strength in the magnetosphere are indicated.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Interplanet. Medium and Phys. of the Magnetosphere (NASA-TT-F-784); p 68-82
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  • 7
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    Hydromagnetic waves guided by the geomagnetic field (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: Properties of hydromagnetic waves propagating in the magnetosphere from a source of limited dimensions are considered. It is shown that they are closely related to electric currents flowing along geomagnetic lines of force. The notions developed form a theoretical basis for interpretation of fluctuations and polar bays.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Interplanet. Medium and Phys. of the Magnetosphere (NASA-TT-F-784); p 34-44
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  • 8
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    East Puna (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: This field trip mostly involves volcanic features that can be seen from roads in the east Puna District. Most of the features are associated with the eruptions of 1750(?), 1790(?), 1840, 1955, 1960, and the recent flows from Mauna Ulu on the Keauhou Lava Plains during the years 1969 to 1973. Particular emphasis is given to the 1955 and 1960 volcanic activity that occurred near the village of Kapoho.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Guidebook to the Hawaiian Planetology Conf.; p 248-257
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  • 9
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    Kaumana lava tube (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: The entrance to Kaumana Lava Tube is in a picnic ground next to Highway 20 (Kaumana Drive) about 6.5 km southwest of Hilo. The area is passed on the way to the Kona Coast via the Saddle Road and is identified by a Hawaii Visitors Bureau sign. Although it is not the largest lava tube in the islands, Kaumana Lava Tube is an interesting geological formation, displaying many of the features typical of lava tube interiors. It is accessible, relatively easy to walk through, and is in an excellent state of preservation. The tube developed in a historic lava flow (1881, from Mauna Loa), and many aspects of lava tube activity are observed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Guidebook to the Hawaiian Planetology Conf.; p 233-238
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Mauna Kea (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: Mauna Kea, the highest of Hawaii's five volcanoes, is the only high landmass in the central Pacific Ocean basin to bear unmistakable signs of Pleistocene glaciation. The stratigraphic record indicates that a summit ice cap formed and disappeared at least four times in the last 250,000 years, and that volcanic eruptions characterized not only the interglacial intervals, but also two of the glacial periods as well. Exposed rock units on the upper slopes of Mauna Kea have been divided into two major groups based on gross lithologic character. The Hamakua Group comprises the bulk of the subaerial shield of the volcano and consists largely of thin-bedded pahoehoe flows of olivine basalt. The overlying Laupahoehoe Group consists of a thin cap of alkalic lavas and pyroclastic layers confined largely to the upper slopes of the mountain. Interstratified with the volcanic units are sedimentary formations that provide evidence of four episodes of ice cap glaciation.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Guidebook to the Hawaiian Planetology Conf.; p 239-246
    Format: text
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