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  • Artikel  (27)
  • Light microscopy  (17)
  • Fine structure  (10)
  • Springer  (27)
  • Wiley
  • 2020-2020
  • 1970-1974  (27)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1973  (27)
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  • Artikel  (27)
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  • Springer  (27)
  • Wiley
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  • 2020-2020
  • 1970-1974  (27)
  • 1945-1949
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 12 (1973), S. 125-136 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Mineralization ; Molt ; Isopod ; Chemistry ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Au cours de la phase inhabituelle de mue d'un isopode d'eau courante,Lirceuts brachyrus, la moitié postérieure de l'exosquelette est éliminée 24 heures avant la moitié antérieure. A ce stade, une reminéralisation se développe dans la partie postérieure alors que la partie antérieure est dans un stade de pré-mue. Le pourcentage de différence en calcium dans les deux moitiés à mi-mue et mue complète est respectivement de 22% (p〈0.01) et 33% (p〈0.01), indiquant une complexation du calcium pendant la mue. La rapidité de la reminéralisation est illustrée par le fait que le contenu minéral total double dans la partie postérieure entre la mi-mue et la mue totale et dans la partie antérieure entre la fin de la mue et un jour après. Le carbonate de calcium, sous forme de calcite, a pu être identifié par diffraction électronique de coupes fines des téguments.
    Kurzfassung: Zusammenfassung Während der ungewöhnlichen Häutungssequenz des Frischwasser-IsopodenLirceus brachyurus (Harger) wird die hintere Hälfte des äußeren Skeletts 24 Std vor der vorderen Hälfte abgestoßen. In der halbgehäuteten Phase erfolgt Remineralisation im hinteren Teil, während der vordere Teil in einem Vorhäutungszustand ist. Der prozentuale Unterschied des Calciums in den zwei Hälften bei Halb- und Vollhäutungszustand ist 22% (p〈0,01) bzw. 33% (p〈0,01), was andeutet, daß Calcium während der Häutung abgesondert wird. Die Geschwindigkeit der Remineralisation erhellt aus der Tatsache, daß sich der Gesamtmineralgehalt im hinteren Teil zwischen Halt- und Vollhäutung, in der vorderen Hälfte jedoch zwischen Endhäutung und einem Tag nach der Häutung verdoppelt. Calciumcarbonat in kristalliner Calcitform wurde mittels Elektronendiffraktion von dünnen Hautschnitten nachgewiesen.
    Notizen: Abstract During the unusual molt sequence of the fresh-water isopod,Lirceus brachyrus (Harger), the posterior half of the exoskeleton is shed 24 hours before the anterior half. At the half-molt stage, occurs in the posterior part while the anterior portion is in a pre-molt condition. The percentage difference in calcium in the two halves at half-molt and full-molt is22 (p〈0.01) and33 (p〈0.01) respectively, an indication that calcium is sequestered during The rapidity of remineralization is illustrated by the fact that the total mineral content doubles in the posterior part between half and full molt and in the anterior half between the end of molt and one day after ecdysis. Calcium carbonate in the calcite cystalline form was demonstrated by electron diffraction of thin sections of the integument.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 139 (1973), S. 179-200 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Retino-preoptic pathway ; Optic tracts ; Rana temporaria ; Light microscopy ; Autoradiography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The optic tracts and centres of optic terminals of Rana temporaria have been investigated with silver impregnation techniques after unilaterally cutting the optic nerve and autoradiographically after injection of a mixture of tritiated amino acids into the vitreous body of the left eye. The observations on the course of the optic tracts and on the optic terminals in the thalamus and optic tectum are to a great extent in agreement with those of other authors. The probability of a retino-preoptic pathway is supported by the detection of fibres running in dorsal direction in front of the place where the optic nerve penetrates the brain. In horizontal sections these fibres can be seen deviating from the optic tract, covering a short distance in frontal direction and then turning upward under an angle of about 90 degrees. They disappear between the ventral aldehyde-fuchsin positive cells of the preoptic nucleus. The ventral and median parts of the ipsilateral preoptic nucleus contain fragments of degenerated fibres. Autoradiographic data are also in favour of the presence of an ipsilateral retino-preoptic tract. After carefully counting the number of grains over left and right preoptic nucleus, it appeared that over the ventral and median parts of the left preoptic nucleus more grains occur than over the identical areas of the right one.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 138 (1973), S. 299-314 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Adenohypophysis ; Chicken ; Cytogenesis ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In the chick embryo the first membrane-bound secretory granules occur in the cytoplasm of occasional cells in the cephalic lobe of pars distalis at the 7th day of incubation. On the 8th day most of the cells in both the cephalic and caudal lobes contain secretory granules that are variable in size, form and density. On the 9th day at least two types of glandular cells are distinguishable in the cephalic and in the caudal lobes; however, these cells are not comparable with those of the adult gland. Differentiation of acidophils and basophils occurs, apparently simultaneously, in 11-day embryos. The cells of the cephalic and caudal lobes are morphologically distinct from their first appearance. Thus it is concluded that these two lobes develop independently and differently from an early stage of ontogenesis. The secretory granules are formed in the Golgi area of the hypophysial cells after the 8th day of incubation. However, secretory material may be synthesized also by a process not involving the Golgi apparatus. Nerve fibers containing granules first appear in the superficial layer of the median eminence on the 8th embryonic day and by the 12th day three types of granules and two types of clear vesicles are identifiable.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 139 (1973), S. 473-485 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pineal gland ; Rabbit ; Architecture ; Autonomic innervation ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A light microscopic investigation of the rabbit pineal gland with the aid of silver-stained sections gave the following results. In the gland a medulla and a cortex can be distinguished, the medulla containing so-called light and dark pinealocytes, the cortex only light ones. Autonomic nerve fibres reach the pineal organ by two routes: (1) via the perivascular spaces of pineal blood vessels and (2) via two distinct nerve bundles, the nervi conarii. Bilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy revealed that these pinealo-petal nerve fibres are mainly orthosympathetic postganglionic. Intramural pineal neurones with synaptic-like structures on their cell bodies and dendrites point to the presence of a parasympathetic innervation next to the orthosympathetic one. Direct afferent or efferent neural connections with the brain appeared to be absent.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 138 (1973), S. 63-73 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Adenohypophysis ; Rat ; Gonadotrophic cells ; Cycle, influence of testosterone ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary 4-day cyclic adult female Wistar rats were injected subcutaneously with testosterone propionate on diestrus 1 at 16:00 and on diestrus 2 at 10:00 respectively. Non-injected females served as controls. Autopsy was performed on diestrus 2 at 23:00, and on proestrus at 14:00 and 17:00 respectively. The blue Alcian-PAS staining was used to evidence FSH (β) and LH (γ) pituitary cells. In control animals and in diestrus 2 injected females only a small number of FSH cells could be detected on diestrus 2 at 23:00. This number increased markedly on proestrus at 14:00 and decreased on proestrus at 17:00. A similar evolution was observed in diestrus 1 testosterone injected females, but the number of FSH cells appeared higher at any stage of autopsy in these females than in diestrus 2 injected females and in control rats. In control females, numerous LH cells were observed on diestrus 2 at 23:00. The number of these cells was diminished on proestrus at 14:00 and still more at 17:00. On the contrary few LH cells were detected in testosterone injected females on the evening of diestrus 2. An increase of these cells occurred on proestrus at 14:00, followed at 17:00 by only a weak diminution as established by comparison with control animals. An inhibition of FSH release and a suppression of the proestrus surge of LH were therefore supposed to cause, on one hand, the slowing up of follicular growth observed in diestrus 1 injected females and, on the other hand, the blockage of ovulation noted in both diestrus 1 and diestrus 2 treated animals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Hippocampal region (rat) ; Distribution of dehydrogenases ; Postnatal development ; Histochemistry ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Succinate-, α-glycerophosphate-, NADH-, and NADPH dehydrogenases (tetrazolium reductases) were studied histochemically in brain sections. The distribution of these enzymes in the hippocampal region was mapped in different postnatal stages. In addition to the hippocampus and the dentate area which have also been dealt with by other authors, the description includes the entorhinal area, parasubiculum, presubiculum, and subiculum. In all the areas of the hippocampal region the enzyme activity is first localized mainly in cell bodies. Activity in the neuropil shows a tendency to increase with age throughout the stages studied. Examples of particularly early or late differentiation of the histochemical pattern exist. Thus already after 4–6 days the differentiated staining pattern in the hippocampal layers as seen in the adult, begins to appear. In the entorhinal area the early enzyme distribution agrees with that in the adult and facilitates identification of its layers. After 22 days the fundamental enzyme chemoarchitectonics of the adult rat brain has been obtained. Histochemical characteristics of the different areas, support the view that the hippocampal region constitutes an entity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 141 (1973), S. 375-400 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Hippocampal region (rat) ; AChE distribution ; Postnatal development ; Histochemistry ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the hippocampal region was studied histochemically in different postnatal stages. Enzyme changes are described for the hippocampus proper, the dentate area, the entorhinal area, parasubiculum, area retrosplenialis e, presubiculum, and subiculum. In 1 day old animals there are only traces of AChE in solitary perikarya of the hippocampal stratum radiatum, while there is no activity in the neuropil. This is in contrast to other regions of the brain, e.g. the corpus striatum and the medial septum. Enzyme activity in the neuropil, although very weak, is seen clearly on the 2nd day. While the enzyme reaction in some cell soma seems to be permanent and also present in adult rats, other cell bodies, e.g. in the entorhinal area lose AChE activity during the last part of the 2nd week and in the 3rd week. Similar observations have been made on other parts of the central nervous system. The main features of chemodifferentiation in the hippocampal region seem to be completed by the end of the third week, although most layers and areas have not yet achieved the same high staining intensity as seen in the adult rats.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 142 (1973), S. 131-146 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Epidermis (mouse) ; Pattern of organization ; Proliferation kinetics ; Three-dimensional analysis ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung 1. Es wird eine Methode zur Herstellung, Montierung und Färbung von epidermalen Häutchenpräparaten zur dreidimensionalen Analyse des Epidermis-Aufbaues beschrieben. Eine Kombination mit der Histoautoradiographie ist bedingt möglich. Damit ist eine Basis für weitere Untersuchungen mit neuer Fragestellung geschaffen. 2. Die untersuchten Objekte Mäuseohr und Rückenhaut zeigen eine bisher unbekannte, auffallende Musterbildung mit Zuordnung bestimmter interfollikulärer basaler Gruppen zu Zellen des Stratum spinosum und des Stratum corneum. Es handelt sich um rosettenähnliche Gebilde aus mehreren peripheren Basalzellen und meist einer zentralen Spinosumzelle. 3. Die Bedeutung der Befunde für die normale wie für die pathologische Regeneration und Neoplasie der Epidermis ist offen. Es werden Beziehungen zum Regenerationsmodus und damit zur Proliferationskinetik der Epidermis diskutiert. In diesem Zusammenhang sind die Untersuchungen auch für die Humanpathologie relevant.
    Notizen: Summary 1. A method for the preparation, mounting, and staining of thin preparations of mouse epidermis is described, which allows a three-dimensional analysis of epidermal structure. A limited combination of this technique with histo-autoradiography is possible, thereby presenting a broader basis for further investigations. 2. Both ear and back skin show a striking, previously unrecognized pattern of organization, in which definite interfollicular basal cell groups are oriented towards cells of the stratum spinosum and stratum corneum. A rosettelike picture of many peripheral basal cells and, in most instances, a central spinosum cell is found. 3. The significance of our findings for normal and pathological regenerations as well as neoplasia of the epidermis remains open. We discuss relationships to the mode of regeneration and thus the kinetics of proliferation in the epidermis. Our investigations are also relevant for human pathology in this regard.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 144 (1973), S. 573-583 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Gills ; Tilapia mossambica ; Blood vessels ; Arteriovenous anastomoses ; Light microscopy ; Quantitative evaluation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The non-respiratory vascular system of T. mossambica gill filaments was studied in serial longitudinal and cross sections. Comparatively few scattered vascular communications occur between the afferent filament artery and the central venous sinus (AVAaff). The efferent filament artery, however, is connected by regularly arranged anastomoses (AVAeff), directly, and sometimes indirectly via nutritive vessels, to the central sinus. These AVAeff are about as numerous as lamellae counted on one side of each filament, although they diminish slightly in number towards the filament base. The relation AVAeff to AVAaff was 17.6:1 in the distal and 17.8:1 in the basal filamental region, while in the tip region of 7 filaments 126 AVAeff but only 1 AVAaff were encountered. No direct connection between the lamellar lacunae and the central sinus was detected. According to these results, non-respiratory intrafilamental blood shunting appears unlikely. AVAeff are assumed to be the main route for blood entering the central venous sinus which would consequently flow into the branchial veins.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 136 (1973), S. 191-205 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Thymus ; Fine structure ; Avian ; Gallus domesticus ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The ultrastructure of the normal thymus of the young chicken (Gallus domesticus) is described. Four main cell types, lymphoid cells, epithelial cells, macrophages and myoid cells, can be distinguished. The lymphocytes are more numerous in the cortex than in the medulla, and are quantitatively the most important component of the thymus. The epithelial cells vary greatly in morphology. Reticular epithelial cells, which have long cytoplasmic processes connected by desmosomes, and which appear to afford a supporting network for the free cells of the thymus, are present in the cortex and medulla. Undifferentiated epithelial cells are present in the medulla and cortico-medullary regions and have few intracytoplasmic fibrils or desmosomes. Cystic epithelial cells, showing intercellular and intracellular cyst formation are frequent in the medulla. Also present in the medulla are squamous epithelial cells which contain many intracytoplasmic fibrils and have numerous desmosomes, and which are involved in the formation of Hassall's corpuscles. Macrophages are present in moderate numbers in the cortex and medulla, and immature and fully developed myoid cells are common in the medulla. Other cell types present include granule-containing cells with desmosomes, large pale cells with few cytoplasmic organelles, mast cells, plasma cells, red blood corpuscles and cells of the granular leukocyte series.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 136 (1973), S. 277-289 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Protonephridial system ; Turbanella cornuta Remane (Gastrotricha) ; Cyrtocytes ; Fine structure ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die Protonephridien des marinen Gastrotrichs Turbanella cornuta Remane werden elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Die Terminalapparate der Macrodasyoidea sind Cyrtocyten. Ein Reusenröhrchen besteht aus acht Längsstäben mit netzartigen Zwischenwänden aus dünnen Fibrillen. Im Lumen des Röhrchens schwingt eine Geißel. Die Wand eines Terminalbechers bildet ein zusätzliches Reusensystem, das mit Poren und Schlitzen versehen ist. Die drei bis vier Cyrtocyten eines Protonephridiums münden in eine Sammelzelle ein. Von dieser geht ein Exkretionsröhrchen mit Treibwimperflamme aus, welches von einer Ausleitungszelle gebildet wird. Die Cyrtocyten der beiden Gastrotrichenordnungen (Chaetonotoidea u. Macrodasyoidea) grenzen sich strukturell gegenüber bisher bekannten Formen dieses Zelltyps ab.
    Notizen: Summary The protonephridial system of the marine gastrotrich Turbanella cornuta Remane was studied with the electron microscope. The terminal cells of the Macrodasyoidea are Cyrtocytes. Each tube for filtration consists of eight longitudinal rods with a net of fine fibrils between them; it contains a single whip. The wall of a terminal cup with its pores and slits is an additional system for filtration. Three or four filtration tubes are ending in a collecting cell. From this cell an excretory channel with one whip formed by an outlet cell arises. The filtration tubes of Macrodasyoidea are similar to those of Chaetonotoidea and differ from other forms of this cell-type.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 138 (1973), S. 455-474 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Adenohypophysis ; Bird ; Prolactin cell ; Reproduction ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The anterior pituitaries from a series of female White-crowned Sparrows,Zonotrichia leucophrys pugetensis, in the periods of oviposition, incubation, and brooding under natural conditions, have been investigated by electron microscopy. The prolactin cells occur in cephalic lobe and are characterized by large (ca. 300–600 mμ), polymorphic electron-dense secretory granules and an extremely well developed, lamellated endoplasmic reticulum. During incubation and brooding it is only these prolactin cells that are in an activated secretory phase, as indicated by increase in number and size, extremely well developed endoplasmic reticulum, decrease in number of mature secretory granules, and by active formation of granules in the enlarged Golgi apparatus. In the late stages of brooding, and post-breeding, the prolactin cells regress with involution of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, reaccumulation of granules, and the appearance of lysosomes. The gonadotropes of both the cephalic and caudal lobes undergo progressive morphologic changes through the course of the breeding period. They are numerous and active in the ovulating bird. They undergo gradual regression during the periods of incubation and brooding to become typical “broody” cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 141 (1973), S. 493-503 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pituitary ; Glomerular body ; Marine teleost ; Hexagrammos otakii ; Larval osmoregulation ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In the larvae of the marine teleost, Hexagrammos otakii, the prolactin, ACTH, STH and pars-intermedia cells as well as the neurohypophysis and glomerular body showed no histological change at the time of hatching. These cells or organs do not seem to be specifically involved in the mechanisms of adjustment to the hypertonic osmotic stress at this time. The size of the nuclei of the prolactin cells increased in fresh-water (F. W.) and that of the ACTH cells decreased in 2/3, 1/2 and 1/3 sea-water (S.W.). The amount of chrome-alum haematoxylin-positive material in the neurohypophysis of fish immersed in 1/2 S.W., 1/3 S.W. and F.W. was less than that of the control fish. There was a difference in the glomerular ratio between the fish kept in F. W. and control fish. And the red blood cells in the glomerulus of the larvae kept in 1/2 and 1/3 S.W. apparently increased in number in comparison with the control fish.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 143 (1973), S. 535-547 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Adenohypophysis ; Rat ; Mitoses, topographic distribution ; Influence of fixation ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Les mitoses de l'adénohypophyse du rat mâle ont été examinées comparativement après fixation par perfusion et après fixation par immersion. Après fixation par perfusion la répartition topographique des mitoses dans le parenchyme est homogène, et l'index mitotique est de 1,85 pour 1 000 cellules. Après fixation par immersion, la densité des mitoses décroit de la périphérie vers le centre, et l'index mitotique n'est que de 0,80 mitoses pour 1 000 cellules. La lenteur de pénétration du fixateur pendant l'immersion est tenue pour principal responsable des différences observées. Elle entraîne une modification de l'aspect des mitoses, telle que plus de la moitié d'entre elles ne sont pas identifiables et échappent aux comptages.
    Notizen: Summary The mitoses of the adenohypophysis in male rats have been observed comparatively after fixation by perfusion and fixation by immersion. After fixation by perfusion, the topographic distribution of mitoses throughout the parenchyma is homogenous and the mitotic index is 1.85 for 1 000 cells. After fixation by immersion, the density of the mitoses is decreasing from the periphery towards the center and the mitotic index is only 0.80 for 1 000 cells. The slow penetration of the fixative during fixation by immersion is considered to be the main cause in the differences observed. This slow action causes a modification in the aspect of the mitoses, and more than fifty percent of them cannot be identified and escape to the counts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 144 (1973), S. 353-368 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Epidermis ; Bufo bufo ; Moulting cycle ; Structure ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Skin samples were taken from 17 toads (Bufo bufo) in various phases of the moulting cycle. The phase was determined by recording a number of moulting intervals prior to sacrifice and by study of the macroscopic appearance of the skin and the moulting behaviour at sacrifice. Eight of the toads were in the moult when the samples were taken. Characteristic morphological changes were found to be restricted to a period immediately prior to and after shedding of the slough. Chemical changes of the membranes of stratum corneum (or material adhered to them) were observed already prior to adoption of the moulting posture. The separation from the underlying epidermis prior to shedding was accompanied by a swelling of the stratum corneum cells. After final detachment of the slough the replacement layer was differentiated into a new stratum corneum within 24 hours. Significant changes in the morphology of the flask cells were not observed. The findings are discussed with emphasis on the processes of separation and differentiation of the stratum corneum. Based on the morphology of the epidermis the following terminology is proposed for the phases of the moulting cycle: Intermoult phase, preparation phase, early shedding phase, late shedding phase, and differentiation phase.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 136 (1973), S. 579-590 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Caddisfly larvae ; Abdominal chloride epithelia ; Fine structure ; Histochemical chloride localization ; Electrolyte transport ; Osmoregulation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The larvae of the caddisfly Anabolia nervosa Curt. (Limnephilidae) possess 10 fields on the dorsal and ventral sides of the 3rd to 7th abdominal segments, which were formerly regarded as specialized sites of respiration. The epithelial fine structure and histochemical localization of chloride unequivocally show that the main function of these sites is the transport of electrolytes. They probably participate in osmoregulation by the absorption of salt. Therefore, these specialized areas of the hypodermis are termed chloride epithelia.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 137 (1973), S. 177-194 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Thyroid gland (Salamander) ; Epithelial cells ; Fine structure ; Vacuolar bodies ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The thyroid gland of adult salamanders, Hynobius nebulosus, in the breeding season was studied by electron microscopy. The follicular cells are different in cell height and fine structures; the taller cells with many cell organelles and granules and the lower cells with a few cell organelles and granules are both present in the same follicle. In the cytoplasm, three types of membrane-bounded granules, namely, cytosomes, colloid droplets, and vacuolar bodies and circular membrane complexes occur. The vacuolar bodies are subdivided into two types; the ordinary type having loosely distributed particles and the specific type containing tubules and/or closely packed filaments, crystalloid structures, except for the particles. The chromophobe colloids within the Bensley-cells correspond to extremely large, ordinary type vacuolar bodies, while the Langendorff-colloid cells possess increased numbers of granular cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum and a ribosome-rich, dense cytoplasmic matrix but not extremely large colloid. The intracytoplasmic circular membrane complexes appear in the Golgi area of cytosome-rich cells. It is suggested that they originate from the Golgi apparatus which was activated to produce many cytosomes. Intranuclear inclusions consisting of microtubules and filaments and tight junctions between two adjacent lateral plasma membranes are occasionally encountered.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 140 (1973), S. 389-399 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Muscle tissue ; Tardigrada ; Fine structure ; Polarisation and Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die Muskelzellen des Pharynx-Bulbus der Tardigraden Macrobiotus hufelandi und Milnesium tardigradum sind bis zu 15 μm lang und bilden zwischen Basalmembran und cuticularer Intima des Lumens ein einschichtiges Epithel. Die Grenzen zwischen den Nachbarzellen zeigen einen geschwungenen Verlauf. Das Sarcolemm stülpt sich tief zwischen die Myofribrillen ein und bildet ein ausgeprägtes E-System, mit dem das sarcoplasmatische Reticulum unter Bildung von Diaden und Triaden korrespondiert. Die Myofibrillen verlaufen radial. Die dünnen Filamente entspringen am inneren und äußeren Sarcolemm aus hemidesmosomenartigen Strukturen in Form dichter Bündel, die sich im mittleren Teil der Fibrille, der dicke und dünne Filamente enthält, erweitern. Maximal 11 dünne Filamente konnten um die nicht immer streng hexagonal angeordneten dicken Filamente herum gezählt werden. Wie polarisationsmikroskopisch bestätigt werden konnte, besitzt jede Myofibrille eine breite A-Zone in der Mitte und an ihren Enden je eine schmalere I-Zone. Eine H-Zone ist undeutlich. Jeder Myofibrille kann der funktionelle und morphologische Wert einer Sarcomere zugeschrieben werden. Die Bedeutung dieser Befunde für die Evolution der Tardigraden wird diskutiert.
    Notizen: Summary The muscle cells of the pharyngeal bulb of tardigrades Macrobiotus hufelandi and Milnesium tardigradum are up to 15 μm long and form a single layer between the basal lamina and the cuticle-coated lumen. The boundaries between adjacent cells are sinuous. The sarcolemma invaginates between the myofibrils whereby a marked E-system is formed. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is associated to the latter, constituting diads and triads. The myofibrils run radially. Thin filaments originate from hemidesmosome-like structures at the inner and outer sarcolemma in dense bundles which widen in the middle part of the fibrils. Each fibril contains thick and thin filaments in this region. As many as 11 thin filaments could be counted around a thick filament. The latter are not always arranged hexagonally. As it is confirmed by polarisation microscopy each myofibril has a wide A-Zone in the middle which is flanked by shorter I-zones. An H-zone is marked but indistinctly. Each myofibril is interpreted to have the functional and morphological equivalent to one sarcomere. The relevance of these findings in the evolution of Tardigrada is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 146 (1973), S. 297-307 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Adrenal cortex ; Prostaglandins E1 and E2 ; Fine structure ; Light and electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Histological and fine structural studies of adrenal cortices were performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats which had been given intravenous injections of prostaglandin E1 or E2. It was found that there were increased numbers of intracellular lipid droplets, free ribonucleoprotein particles, cholesterol ester clefts and coated vesicles of both the small and large varieties. A reorganization of the internal mitochondrial membranes and the appearance of protrusions of parenchymal cytoplasm into the sinusoidal lumina accompanied by vasodilation were also observed. These alterations are not typical of those observed following exogenous ACTH administration and are therefore considered to be prostaglandin-induced.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 136 (1973), S. 45-58 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Chicken ; Bursa Fabricii ; Thymus ; Spleen ; Tonsilla caecalis ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Bursa Fabricii, Thymus, Milz und Zäkaltonsillen von 63 Hühnern im Alter von 1 Tag bis zu 1 Jahr werden histologisch untersucht, wobei das Vorkommen der als bursaabhängig geltenden Keimzentren und Plasmazellen quantitativ erfaßt wird. Beide treten in der Milz und Tonsilla caecalis erst während des Reifestadiums der Bursa in zunehmender Menge auf. Mit Beginn der Bursainvolution werden Keimzentren und pyroninophile Zellen in der Milz selten, während in den Zäkaltonsillen kaum Veränderungen auftreten. Im Thymus verschiebt sich das Verhältnis zwischen Mark- und Rindenbreite zugunsten des Marks. Bei 8 Monate alten Tieren fehlt die Rinde vollständig. Plasmazellen treten im Thymusmark während des Reifestadiums der Bursa auf und nehmen mit dem Beginn deren Involution zu. In dem Zeitraum zwischen 2 Wochen und 5 Monaten ändert sich das Verhältnis zwischen reifen und unreifen Plasmazellen beständig zugunsten der reifen Plasmazellen.
    Notizen: Summary Bursa of Fabricius, thymus, spleen and cecal tonsils were histologically examined with special reference to the number of bursa-dependent germinal centers and plasma cells in 63 chickens, 1 day to 1 year old. Both structures appear in spleen and cecal tonsils increasingly during the bursal maturity stage. At the beginning bursal involution, germinal centers and pyroninophilic cells become rare in the spleen, in contrary no changes appear in the cecal tonsils. The medulla cortex ratio of the thymus changes in favour of the medulla, in animals 8 months of age the cortex is absent. Plasma cells appear in the medulla of the thymus during the bursal maturity stage and increase in number with beginning involution. During the period of 2 weeks to 5 months the proportion between mature and immature plasma cells changes in favour of mature cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 139 (1973), S. 149-170 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Suctorial disc ; Echeneis naucrates ; Sustentacular tissue ; Sense organs ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die lichtmikroskopische Untersuchung der Haftscheibe des Teleostiers Echeneis naucrates führte unter anderen zu folgenden Ergebnissen: 1. Das mehrschichtige, Schleimzellen enthaltende Epithel der Scheibe weist deutliche regionale Unterschiede auf. So ist auf der Dorsalfläche der flexiblen Randlippe eine an Schleimdrüsen besonders reiche bandförmige Zone ausgebildet. Ferner werden die Eingänge in die Taschen zwischen den Lamellen des Saugapparates und die Oberfläche der medianen Hautleiste von stark schleimbildendem Epithel umgeben bzw. bedeckt. Der Schleimstreifen der Haftscheibe wird als Einrichtung zur Abdichtung der Haftfläche gedeutet. 2. Im Drüsenfeld auf der Dorsalfläche der Randlippe liegen große Sinnesorgane vom Typus der Chemorezeptoren. Ihre Funktion besteht möglicherweise in der Prüfung der Oberfläche des Wirtes, an dem sich Echeneis festsaugt. Die Angaben von Houy (1910), wonach diese Sinnesorgane in der Wand eines Kanalsystems liegen und nicht intraepithelial, beruhen auf der Fehlinterpretation artifiziell entstandener Spalten. 3. Die interlamellären Taschen der Saugplatte werden von einem verhältnismäßig niedrigen und an Schleimzellen armen, gefältelten Epithel ausgekleidet. Es ist der Beanspruchung auf Dehnung angepaßt, die bei dem Ansaugen infolge Vertikalstellung der Lamellen der Scheibe auftritt. 4. Der ovale abgeplattete Stützgewebsstreifen innerhalb der Randlippe, dessen Gewebe von Houy (1910) nicht klassifiziert werden konnte, besteht aus hyalinzelligem Chondroidgewebe (Schaffer), das von kollagenen und elastischen Fasern, ferner von einem weitmaschigen Kapillarnetz durchsetzt wird. Zarte Septen aus Kollagenfilamenten umgeben jede einzelne Hyalinzelle. Das im Zentrum des Reifens gelegene univakuoläre Fettgewebe differenziert sich aus den Hyalinzellen des Chondroidgewebes, die ihrerseits von perichondralen Fibrozyten abstammen. Auch die innerhalb der Lamellen des Saugapparates gelegenen Knorpelformationen werden von hyalinzelligem Chondroidgewebe gebildet, das mit Fettgewebe in Zusammenhang steht. 5. Die Faserarchitektur des Randstreifens entspricht der trajektoriellen Bauweise des Hyalinknorpels.
    Notizen: Summary A light microscopical study of the suctorial disc of the teleost Echeneis naucrates revealed the following details: 1. The stratified mucous-cell bearing epithelium of the disc shows distinctive regional differences. Thus the dorsal surface of the flexible marginal lip contains a peculiar glandular zone which is particularly rich in mucous cells. Furthermore, the openings to the pockets between the lamellae of the suction apparatus and the surface of the median dermal ridge are mucus producing zones. These areas are interpreted as devices for tightening. 2. In the mucous zone of the dorsal surface of the marginal lip are large sensory organs of chemoreceptor type. Possibly their function consists in the chemical assessment of the host's surface. The statement by Houy (1910) according to which these organs are located in the wall of a canalicular system rather than intraepithelially stems from his erroneous interpretation of artifactitious clefts. 3. The interlamellar pockets of the suction disc are lined by a low folded epithelium with relatively few mucous cells. It is capable of adjusting to the stretch caused by the tilting of the disc's lamellae during suction. 4. The oval flattened ring of sustentacular tissue within the marginal lip, which Houy (1910) was unable to classify, represents a chondroid tissue consisting mainly of hyaline cells (“hyalinzelliges Chondroidgewebe, Schaffer 1930”) and traversed by collagenous and elastic fibres. It also contains a wide-meshed capillary network. Each hyaline cell is surrounded by delicate septa formed by collagenous filaments. The unilocular adipose tissue in the ring's center develops from the hyaline cells of the chondroid tissue which in turn are derived from perichondrial fibrocytes. Also the cartilaginous structures within the lamellae of the suction apparatus are formed by the same chondroid tissue that is in connection with adipose tissue. 5. The spatial arrangement of the fibres and fibrils traversing the sustentacular tissue within the marginal lip corresponds to the trajectorial pattern of hyaline cartilage.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 139 (1973), S. 253-269 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Branchial gland ; Cephalopoda ; Fine structure ; Hemocyanin ; Histochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen an der Branchialdrüse verschiedener Cephalopoden (Sepia officinalis, Octopus vulgaris, Loligo vulgaris, Eledone moschata) zeigen, daß das Drüsengewebe des stark vaskularisierten Organs aus einem sekretorisch aktiven Zelltypus mit ausgeprägtem endoplasmatischen Retikulum besteht. In den Zisternen des endoplasmatischen Retikulums lassen sich granuläre und ringförmige Strukturen (Durchmesser: 45–65 Å und 170 Å) nachweisen, die in Größe und Gestalt mit den Hämocyanin-Einheiten in den Gefäßen und Lakunen übereinstimmen und durch randlichen Zerfall der Zellen in den Blutraum auszuwandern scheinen. Die histochemischen Untersuchungen ergeben eine positive Reaktion für Monoaminoxydase, aber vergleichsweise geringe Phosphatase- und Dehydrogenase-Aktivitäten. Diese Befunde sowie der histochemisch nachgewiesene hohe Kupfergehalt des Drüsengewebes sprechen für eine hämopoetische, d.h. hämocyaninbildende Funktion der Kiemendrüse.
    Notizen: Summary Light and electron microscopic investigations on the branchial gland of different Cephalopoda (Sepia officinalis, Octopus vulgaris, Loligo vulgaris, Eledone moschata) show that the gland tissue, strongly vascularized, consists of an actively secreting cell type with a remarkable endoplasmatic reticulum. In the cisternae of the endoplasmatic reticulum granular and ring-shaped structures can be identified (diameter: 45–65 Å and 170 Å) which correspond in size and shape with the hemocyanin units in the vessels and lacunae and which seem to emigrate into the blood space caused by the peripheral decay of the cells. Histochemical investigations show a positive reaction for monoaminoxidase, but comparatively low phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities. These results, and also the high content of histochemically identified copper in the gland tissue, seem to indicate a hemopoetic, i.e. hemocyanin-forming function for the branchial gland.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 137 (1973), S. 313-329 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Nervous system ; Limulus polyphemus ; Abdominal ganglion ; Neurons ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The morphology of the first abdominal ganglion of Limulus polyphemus (L.) was examined by reconstructions from stained serial sections. This ganglion, one of a chain of eight which form the ventral cord, is bilaterally symmetrical and shows the typical invertebrate division into two zones, cellular rind and fibrous core. The core of the ganglion comprises two major longitudinal tracts which are continuous with the connectives between the ganglia and four areas of regional neuropile which occur at the roots of the nerves developed from the ganglion. Minor tracts and neuropile are present. The rind is divided into several cell groups: U-shaped lobes around the nerve roots, a lateral lobe between the nerve roots and two cell layers along the ventral aspect. Six cell types are recognized: encapsulated unipolar cells, secretory unipolar cells (two types), encapsulated bipolar cells, “neuroglandular” bipolar cells and small non-encapsulated cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 140 (1973), S. 509-534 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Genital tract ; Viviparous toad ; Cyclic variations ; Light microscopy ; Biometry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé L'oviducte de Nectophrynoïdes occidentalis Angel, petit crapaud vivipare d'Afrique occidentale, peut être divisé en quatre parties: le pavillon, la trompe, l'utérus et le tronc commun utérin distal. Seul le pavillon ne varie pas au cours de l'année; il reste toujours transparent et dépourvu de cellules glandulaires. Un épithélium cilié tapisse sa lumière. La trompe est un conduit rectiligne de 7 à 10 millimètres de long qui peut être divisé en quatre segments principaux, différenciés par la constitution chimique des substances de la muqueuse. La structure de la trompe est relativement simple et comparable à celle des autres Vertébrés inférieurs. Elle apparait alternativement sous deux aspects principaux: trompe au repos et trompe active. La période de repos se poursuit pendant une bonne partie de la gestation; la reprise d'activité sécrétrice s'effectue plusieurs semaines avant la parturition et atteint son maximum dans les jours qui précèdent l'ovulation. L'utérus subit continuellement des remaniements. Tour à tour vide et gravide, il passe par trois phases essentielles: une phase de nécrose s'étendant sur les douze jours qui suivent la parturition et correspondant à l'élimination de la couche superficielle de la muqueuse; une phase de prolifération, allant du douzième jour après la mise-bas jusqu'à lóvulation suivante; caractérisée par le régénération progressive de la muqueuse à partir de la couche profonde restée en dehors des processus de nécrose; une phase de sécrétion et d'hypérémie qui dure pendant toute la gestation. La partie terminale de l'oviducte, formée par la confluence des deux conduits müllériens, subit les mêmes variations que l'utérus gestant. Son épithélium est tout-à-fait comparable à celui de l'utérus; son chorion, en revanche, est beaucoup plus dense et développé mais ne possède qu'une faible vascularisation.
    Notizen: Summary The oviduct of Nectophrynoides occidentalis Angel, a small viviparous toad of West Africa, is divided into four parts: ostium, tube, uterus and the distal common uterine segment. Only the ostium does not show seasonal variations: it always remains transparent and is devoid of glandular cells. A ciliated epithelium lines its lumen. The tube is rectilinear, about 7–10 millimeters long and may be subdivided into four principal segments, on the basis of the chemical composition of the substances of the mucosa. Its structure is relatively simple and comparable to that of other lower vertebrates. Its appearance differs according to whether it is at rest or in activity. For most of the gestation period the tube is at rest but secretory activity starts several weeks before birth. It reaches its maximum during the days immediately preceding ovulation. Unlike the tube, the uterus undergoes continuous changes, which can be pregnant, divided into three essential phases: a phase of necrosis, extending to twelve days following birth, and corresponding to the elimination of the superficial layer of the mucosa; a phase of proliferation, extending from the twelfth day after birth until the subsequent ovulation, characterized by the progressive regeneration of the mucosa, which is initiated by the deep layer which was not involved in necrosis; a phase of secretion and hyperemia which lasts during the whole period of gestation. The terminal part of the oviduct, formed by the confluence of the two Müllerian ducts, undergoes the same variations as the uterus, its epithelium being completely comparable to that of the uterus; its chorion, however, is much denser and better developed but its vascularization is less intense.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 141 (1973), S. 223-233 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Laryngeal muscles ; Tree Frog, Hyla aborea arborea (L.) ; Fine structure ; Motor endplates ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Um Hinweise auf die Funktion des Kehlkopfes bei der Rufabgabe zu bekommen, führten wir eine vergleichende elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung an den vier Kehlkopfmuskeln rufaktiver Laubfrösche durch. Zum weiteren Vergleich studierten wir auch einen Extremitätenmuskel. Die Kehlkopfmuskeln sind untereinander gleich gebaut, unterscheiden sich aber in mehrfacher Hinsicht vom Extremitätenmuskel: Ihre Myofibrillen sind nur ein Drittel so dick. Die Kehlkopfmuskeln enthalten sehr viele, auffallend große und dichte Mitochondrien; das sarcoplasmatische Retikulum ist mächtig entwickelt. Sie enthalten außerdem sehr viel Fett, das stets mit den Mitochondrien assoziiert ist. In beiden Muskeltypen kommt Glykogen vor; seine Menge ist in den Kehlkopfmuskeln jedoch größer als im Extremitätenmuskel. Die Zahl der motorischen Endplatten ist in den Kehlkopfmuskeln 25 mal höher als im M. plantaris longus. Die Zahl der Triaden pro Sarcomer und ihre Anordnung ist bei den beiden Muskeltypen gleich. Die Kehlkopfmuskeln winterstarrer Hyla-Männchen unterscheiden sich in ihrem Feinbau und Fettgehalt nicht von den Muskeln rufaktiver Tiere.
    Notizen: Summary In order to obtain information on the function of the larynx during vocalization, a comparative electron microscopic study was made of the four laryngeal muscles of male tree frogs druing their vocalizing phase. A skeletal muscle (m. plantaris longus) was examined for comparison. The fine structure of the laryngeal muscles is uniform, but differs from skeletal muscles in several respects: the diameter of the myofibrils of the laryngeal muscles is only 1/3 that of the skeletal muscle. They contain many strikingly large and dense mitochondria. There is a strongly developed sarcoplasmic reticulum. Laryngeal muscles contain large quantities of fat which is always associated with mitochondria. Laryngeal muscles contain more glycogen than skeletal muscle. The number of motor endplates in laryngeal muscles is 25 times larger than in m. plantaris longus. The number of triads per sarcomere and their location is the same in both types of muscle. The laryngeal muscles of hibernating and active tree frogs do not show any difference with respect to fine structure and amount of fat.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 146 (1973), S. 1-14 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Ventral cord ganglia ; Limulus polyphemus ; Cell types ; Neurosecretion ; Cytochemistry ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The ventral cord ganglia of the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, contains six distinct cell types: three appear to be ordinary neurons and three exhibit the staining affinities of neurosecretory cells. The presumed neurosecretory cells have been termed neurosecretory cell I (NSC I), NSC II and NSC III. NSC I cells contain a colloid-like inclusion which may occur as a single small vacuole or occupy more than one-half of the cell volume. Colloid inclusions occur with greater frequency toward the periphery, although small cells of similar staining affinity occur in cords extending to the fibrous core. The histochemical tests suggest that the cytoplasm is positive for proteins, but contains no strong acidic groups which may have been derived from S-S or S-H groups. The presence of carbohydrate is also indicated. NSC II cells exhibit distinct secretory cycles. Early in the cycle the cytoplasm becomes phloxinophilic and progresses to a distinct fuchsinophilic stage. Small homogeneous irregular inclusions are found in the axon hillock during the latter stages of the cycle. Histochemical tests suggest the presence of a carbohydrate and strong acidic groups which may have been derived from S-S or S-H groups. There are small cells present which appear to be immature neurosecretory cells. NSC III cells are characterized by a perinuclear ring of cytoplasm which is stained by chrome alum hematoxylin but not by paraldehyde fuchsin. A secretory cycle may also be present in this cell type. The three cell types presumed to be ordinary neurons exhibit no particular staining affinity for the stains or tests used in this study.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 146 (1973), S. 261-279 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Skeletal muscle ; Rat, Cat ; Motor endplate ; Reinnervation ; Light microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary 1. The formation of endplates outside the original endplate region of a muscle fibre was studied in slow and fast rat muscles. It was found that such new endplates are readily formed on the soleus muscle, whereas hardly at all in the fast extensor digitorum longus. Most new endplates appear to be morphologically normal within 2 months after nerve implantation. 2. The time course of recovery of slow and fast cat muscles was followed after crushing the sciatic nerve. It was found that the slow soleus muscle recovers more rapidly than the fast flexor hallucis longus muscle. 3. The endplates of reinnervated cat muscles are more complicated than those of the control muscles, but have nevertheless fewer nerve terminals per endplate. Reinnervated muscles are more sensitive to curare and it is suggested that this is due to a decrease in transmitter release, for it was found that less acetylcholine is released from reinnervated rat hemidiaphragms than from control ones. 4. Motor and sensory reinnervation of spindles and tendon organs was studied. At the time when motor reinnervation is almost completed the sensory endings from spindles and tendon organs are highly abnormal. Thus sensory reinnervation proceeds much more slowly than motor.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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