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  • Electronmicroscopy  (21)
  • Springer  (21)
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 1970-1974  (21)
  • 1972  (21)
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  • Springer  (21)
  • Nature Publishing Group
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  • 1970-1974  (21)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 127 (1972), S. 9-33 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Nervous system ; Speophyes (Coleoptera) ; Antennae ; Function ; Electronmicroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nos recherches au microscope électronique portent sur une structure nerveuse en lamelles découverte pour la première fois dans l'antenne duSpeophyes, qu'on étudie comparativement chez les Coléoptères hypogés et épigés. Nous constatons qu'elle existe à l'extrémité de l'antenne chez toutes les espèces cavernicoles de l'échantillon examiné ainsi que chez plusieurs espèces épigées. Nous n'avons pas rencontré cet organe à l'extrémité de l'antenne de trois espèces épigées; nous ne pouvons cependant pas affirmer qu'il n'existe pas, les articles inférieurs de l'antenne n'ayant pas été examinés. Son plus grand développement chez les espèces cavernicoles laisse supposer une fonction plus spécifiquement adaptée à ce milieu. La structure fine de ces lamelles présentant une étroite similitude avec celle des photorécepteurs, nous avons émis l'hypothèse d'une sensibilité à des rayonnements présents dans la grotte, par exemple au rayonnement infrarouge. Il faut souligner que la nature ciliaire de ces structures est en désaccord avec l'appartenance de l'Insecte à la lignée rhabdomérique.
    Notes: Summary The lamellated nervous system discovered in the antennae of the beetleSpeophyes, has been comparatively investigated in various hypogeous and epigeous species. It was found in almost all of the species studied in the tip of the antennae. It was, however, not detected in a few of the epigeous forms. Its extensive development in the cave develling species suggests a specific function in this particular environment. The fine structure of the lamellae is closely comparable to that of photosensory cells. Therefore it is assumed that they serve a similar function, i. e. the perception of infrared radiation in the caves. Its ciliary nature does not correspond to the rhabdomeric structure of insect eyes.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 134 (1972), S. 351-366 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Sensory cell ; Proboscis ; Glycera convoluta ; Papilla ; Electronmicroscopy ; Histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Chaque papille de la trompe chez Glycera convoluta contient un groupe central de deux à quatre cellules sensorielles primaires. Chaque cellule possède un noyau allongé situé à mi-hauteur de la papille. Le processus péripherique ou dendritique porte cinq à six cils qui traversent la cuticule et sont entourés chacun par un cercle de microvillosités; les cils se prolongent dans le cytoplasme par de fines racines ciliaires qui se réunissent pour former une seule énorme racine montrant une striation périodique. Le processus central ou axonal se prolonge dans le plexus nerveux sous-épithélial. Le rôle physiologique de ces cellules est discuté.
    Notes: Summary Each papilla in the proboscis of Glycera convoluta contains a central group of two to four primary sensory cells. Each one shows an elongated nucleus situated at half-height of the papilla. The peripheric or dendritic process bears five to six cilia traversing the cuticle; each of them is circled by a ring of microvilli. The cilia are prolonged in the cytoplasm by fine ciliary rootlets which gather themselves in a very big single root showing a periodic striation. The central or axonal process runs in the subepithelial nervous plexus. The physiological role of the cells is discussed.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 131 (1972), S. 399-416 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spermatozoon ; Pleurodeles ; Tail ; Morphogenesis ; Electronmicroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résume La morphogenèse des éléments caudaux: filament de soutien, membrane ondulante, flagelle et filament marginal, est décrite durant les différents stades de la spermiogenèse. L'absence de cytochrome cytochimiquement décelable, prouve que l'acidophilie marquée du filament de soutien provient de protéines basiques cytoplasmiques ne dérivant pas des mitochondries. Leur origine nucléaire éventuelle est discutée. Le filament de soutien est homologué à la fibre dense externe no 3 du spermatozoïde des mammifères. Le filament marginal à structure périodique pourrait correspondre à la colonne dense longitudinale no 8 de la gaine fibreuse. A la fin de la spermiogenèse, le spermatozoïde présente une symétrie bilatérale. Une face ventrale et une face dorsale peuvent être définies par comparaison avec le spermatozoïde de mammifère.
    Notes: Summary The morphogenesis of the tail components: supporting filament, axial rod, undulating membrane, and marginal filament, are described through the differents spermiogenesis steps. The cytochemical cytochrome fate, demonstrated that the pronounced acidophilic properties of the supporting filament are related to the presence of the other cytoplasmic basic proteins. Their eventual nuclear origine is discussed. The supporting filament is homologous to the mammalian sperm outer dense fiber no 3. The marginal filament which shows a periodic structure, may correspond to the longitudinal column no 8 of the fibrous sheath. At the end of spermiogenesis, the spermatozoon shows a bilaterally symmetrical structure. A ventral face and a dorsal face may be defined by comparison with the insect and mammalian spermatozoon.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pancreas (frog) ; Intrinsic innervation ; Monoamines and AChE distribution ; Ligth, fluorescense ; Electronmicroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The autonomic nervous system in the pancreas of Rana temporaria, R. ridi, bunda, R. esculenta and Hyla arborea was studied with histochemical methods of light: fluorescence, and electron microscopy. These species displayed the following common features: (1) a developed innervation whose topographic distribution was similar to that observed in the mammalian pancreas, (2) a richer nervous supply to the islets of Langerhans than to exocrine tissue, (3) a prevalence of cholinergic over adrenergic innervation in islets and exocrine parenchyma, (4) sporadic Cajal interstitial cell-like cells of a cholinergic nature, (5) in islets, the B-cells were mainly supplied by adrenergic, and the A2-cells by cholinergic nerve endings, (6) the occurrence of biogenic monoamines in B-cells and of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in B- and A2-cells. These aspects together with observations on the fine structure, nature, and the intimate morpho-functional relationship of nerve terminals with blood vessels, acinar and endocrine cells, are discussed in connection with the findings of other authors.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 135 (1972), S. 361-382 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Placenta (human) ; Syncytiotrophoblast ; Differentiation ; Function ; Electronmicroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Entwicklung des Zottentrophoblasten der menschlichen Placenta von der 9. Woche bis zur Geburt wurde elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Dabei zeigt sich, daß die Differenzierung nicht kontinuierlich sondern in Schüben abläuft. Hiernach wurde eine Stadieneinteilung durchgeführt: Im undifferenzierten Tertiärzottenstadium (bis zur 14. Woche) ist das Zottensyncytium weitgehend einheitlich strukturiert. Nach dem unterschiedlichen Dilatationsgrad des rauhen endoplasmatischen Retikulums sowie Häufigkeit und Struktur apikaler Vakuolen ist eine noch weitergehende Unterteilung möglich. Durch zentrifugale Kapillarwanderungen bedingte Kernverschiebungen im Syncytium führen um die 15. Woche zur Ausbildung von Epithelplatten, Syncytialknoten, Proliferationsknoten und syncytialen Brücken. Hiermit wird der Übergang zum differenzierten Tertiärzottenstadium vollzogen. Um die 22. Woche treten Areale mit glattem endoplasmatischen Retikulum und Syncytiumlamellen über Langhanszellen hinzu. Eine weitere Untergliederung des kernlosen und des kernhaltigen Syncytiums führt ab der 28. Woche zum typischen Bild der reifen Placentazotte mit mosaikartig angeordneten, morphologisch und funktionell differenzierten Syncytiumarealen. Vergleiche mit biochemischen Aktivitätskurven der Placenta und mit tierischen Placenten bestätigen diese Stadieneinteilung und erlauben teilweise gleichzeitig eine funktionelle Deutung der Stadien und ihrer morphologischen Erscheinungsbilder.
    Notes: Summary The structural development of the human trophoblastic epithelium from the 9th week of gestation up to term has been investigated by means of electron microscopy. Up to the 14th week the syncytium of the tertiary villi shows an entirely homogenous ultrastructural pattern, although regional variants in both the amount of large apical vacuoles and the appearance of rough membranes exist. From approximately the 15th week on the capillaries grow eccentrically and approach very closely to the trophoblastic epithelium. The outbulging terminal vessels cause various differentiations of the overlying syncytium (syncytial knots or sprouts, syncytial bridges, epithelial plates). Accumulation of smooth membranes can be observed in the syncytial layer from the 22nd week onwards. The mature syncytium is characterized by subdivision of the formerly homogenous syncytial layer into morphologically and functionally different areas, which form a mosaic-like pattern due to irregular distribution of the nuclei and different ultrastructural organization of the cytoplasmic constituents. An attempt has been made to correlate the different stages of ultrastructural development with various biochemical and endocrinological data.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 125 (1972), S. 121-131 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hairless skin ; Mole ; Innervation of the dermis ; Simple encapsulated corpuscles ; Electronmicroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Einfache eingekapselte Endigungen im Corium der unbehaarten Nasenhaut des Maulwurfs werden beschrieben. Diese Körperchen liegen im Nervenplexus unter den epidermalen Eimerschen Papillen. Sie sind oval, 30–40 µ lang und 15–20 µ dick und ihre Längsachse läuft parallel zur Oberfläche der Epidermis. Die Körperchen bestehen aus einer versorgenden Nervenfaser, einem Innenkolben, einem Subkapsularraum und einer Kapsel. Die Nervenfaser hat drei strukturell verschiedene Abschnitte: einen eintretenden myelinisierten Teil, einen im mittleren Abschnitt des Innenkolbens verlaufenden nicht myelinisierten Teil und eine terminale Verdickung, die fingerförmige Ausläufer zwischen die Lamellen des Innenkolbens streckt. Der Innenkolben besteht aus Lamellen, die von modifizierten Schwannschen Zellen gebildet werden. Die peripheren Lamellen sind dicker als die Lamellen, die das Axon umhüllen. Alle Lamellen zeigen eine starke pinozytotische Aktivität. Zwischen der äußersten Lamelle, die von einer Basalmembran umhüllt wird, und der Innenfläche der platten Kapselzellen liegt der Subkapsularraum. Er enthält Kollagenfasern und Fibroblasten. Die Kapsel wird von 1–2 Schichten sehr flacher Zellen gebildet, die die gleiche Struktur wie die Perineuralzellen der Nervenfaser besitzen. Der Unterschied zwischen dem Aufbau dieses Körperchens und dem Bau ähnlicher Endigungen im Corium anderer Säugetiere wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary In the corium of the hairless skin of the mole's nose simple encapsulated corpuscles are found and described. These corpuscles are embedded in the nerve plexus below the epidermal papillae of Eimer. They are oval, 30 to 40 µ in length and 15 to 20 µ in diameter, their longitudinal axis running parallel to the surface of the epidermis. The corpuscles consist of an afferent (dendritic) nerve fibre, an inner core, a subcapsular space and a capsule. The nerve fibre is composed of three sections: a myelinated portion, entering the corpuscle, a non-myelinated section running through the center of the inner core, and a terminal thickening sending finger-like branches between the lamellae of the inner core. The inner core consists of lamellae formed by modified Schwann's cells. The peripheral lamellae are thicker than those covering the axon. All lamellae show a great pinocytotic activity. The subcapsular space is located between the outermost lamella, covered by a basement membrane, and the inner surface of the flat cells belonging to the capsule. It contains collagen fibres and fibroblasts. The capsule is formed by 1 to 2 layers of very flat cells structurally resembling the perineural sheath cells of the nerve fibre. Differences in the arrangement of these corpuscles and that of similar endings in the corium of other mammals are discussed.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 125 (1972), S. 191-199 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Smooth muscle cells ; Intercellular relationships ; Tunica muscularis externa ilei ; Small intestine ; Guinea pig ; Electronmicroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Different intercellular relationships between smooth muscle cells are observed in the tunica muscularis externa of the ileum of guinea-pig. a) simple adjoining of the two muscle cells; b) nexus; c) desmosome-like attachment with dense aggregations on both membranes; d) projection from one muscle cell protruding into another muscle cell. All four types are found in the circular muscle layer. On the contrary, in the longitudinal layer clear-cut nexuses are not observed. Simple adjoining of muscle cells, nexuses, and desmosome-like attachments are observed between muscle cells of the circular layer and the longitudinallayer.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 123 (1972), S. 544-565 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Glial cover of cortex (cat) ; Phases of development ; Whirled piles of membranes ; Astrocytic lamellae ; Electronmicroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An zahlreichen Altersstufen wird die Entwicklung der Gliadeckschicht des Cortex cerebri der Katze untersucht. Das neugeborene Kätzchen hat eine fast epitheliale Decklage, deren Zellen tanycytenartige Fortsätze (TF) in die Tiefe senden. Seine weitere Entwicklung läßt sich in 4 Phasen gliedern. 1. Auflockerungsphase (1.–15. Lebenstag): Die Perikarya der Deckzellen treten auseinander, so daß das Neuropil bis nahe an die Oberfläche vordringen kann. Aus den dunklen Zellen wird eine durchgehende oberflächliche Fortsatzlage (OF) gebildet. 2. Umbauphase (16.–30. Lebenstag): In ihr degenerieren die hellen Zellen, die ursprünglich etwa 50% der Oberfläche abdeckten. Aus den dunklen Zellen werden die ersten runden Fortsätze (RF) mit dichten Gliafilamenten und Glialamellen (LF) ohne Filamente gebildet. Am Ende der Phase sind zwischen allen OF Schlußleisten vorhanden. 3. Proliferationsphase (31.–45. Lebenstag): In dieser Zeit werden LF und RF in großen Mengen gebildet. Die ursprünglich cytoplasmareichen Gliazellen, die einen großen Golgiapparat besitzen, verwandeln sich in die cytoplasmaarmen Astrocyten der Deckschicht. 4. Reifephase (46.–60. Lebenstag): Zwischen allen Fortsatzarten wird eine große Zahl von Zellkontakten (specific junctions und Desmosomen) ausgebildet. Am Ende der Reifephase beginnt in Schicht I die Entwicklung der markhaltigen Nervenfasern. Die Bildung der LF, die aus den Membranwirbeln (MW) entstehen, wurde genauer untersucht. Die MW entwickeln sich im Perikaryon und sammeln anschließend in der Auflockerungsphase Material in Form von membranbegrenzten Granula. Während der Umbauphase werden sie in blasenartige Vorstülpungen des Perikaryon geschoben und bilden dort komplizierte Formen. Dabei müssen große Membranflächen enstehen, während zugleich die Granula verschwinden. Aus den verzweigten MW werden in der Proliferationsphase große Mengen von LF abgeschoben. Bei diesem Prozeß müssen intracelluläre Membranen in Plasmalemm verwandelt werden und intracelluläre Cisternen Anschluß an den extracellulären Raum gewinnen. Die Bedeutung dieses Vorganges wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary The development of the glial cover of the cat's cortex cerebri examined on many stages of age after birth comprises four phases. The newborn kitten possesses a nearly epithelial cover of cortex. Each of the covering cells extends a process (TF) into the depth similar to that of a tanycyte. 1. Phase of loosening (first to 15th day of life): The perikarya of the covering cells disperse in such a way that the neuropil is pushing up nearly as far as to the border of the surface. The dark cells are forming a closed layer of flat superficial processes (OF). 2. Phase of transformation (16th to 30th day of life): Cells having a light contrast degenerate. They originally covered about 50% of the surface. The dark cells develop the round or oval processes (RF) with closely packed filaments of glia and the astrocytic lamellae (LF) without filaments. The terminal bars are built up at the end of this phase between all OF. 3. Phase of proliferation (31st to 45th day of life): Very many LF and RF are developed. The glia cells which originally have had a big cytoplasm with a large Golgi complex are transformed into astrocytes of the cover with a small border of cytoplasm. 4. Phase of maturation (46th to 60th day of life): The areas of cell attachment (specific junctions and desmosomes) are formed in large quantities between all kinds of processes. The myelinisation in layer I is beginning after the phase of maturation. The special development of the LF is determined. They are formed from concentric whirled piles of membranes (MW). The MW arise in the perikaryon and are gathering material in granules which are membrane bounded during the phase of loosening. The MW are shifted into bubblelike bulges of the perikaryon during the phase of transformation and afterwards form very complicated figures. At the same time very many planes of membranes must be developed in the MW while the granules disappear. Then the ramified MW deliver a great amount of LF. The intracellular membranes must be transformed into the plasmalemma during this delivery and the intracellular cisternae are opened towards the extracellular space. The significance of this process is discussed.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 128 (1972), S. 406-425 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Parafollicular Cells ; Rat ; Normalcalcemia ; Vitamin D2 ; Electronmicroscopy ; Histochemical fluorescence method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thyroid parafollicular cells of normocalcemic and vitamin D2-treated rats were investigated by electron microscopy and with the histochemical fluorescence technique of Hillarp and Falck. Administration of high doses of vitamin D2 caused hypercalcemia and an extensive degranulation of the parafollicular cells. The formation and storage of monoamines in granulated and degranulated parafollicular cells was investigated by fluorescence microscopy after injection of monoamine precursors (DOPA, 5-HTP), alone or in combination with Ro 4-4602, nialamide or reserpine. No fluorescence was observed in parafollicular cells of untreated rats. l-DOPA and l-5-HTP (but not the corresponding D-amino acids) were taken up by a process closely linked to the decarboxylation of the amino acids to the corresponding amines (dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine). Treatment with vitamin D2 did not seem to affect the formation of amines in the parafollicular cells or the formation and storage of amines in other cell systems investigated. The amine itself (dopamine) was not taken up by the parafollicular cells. In normocalcemic rats, the amine formed was retained in the cytoplasm of the parafollicular cells by a partially reserpine-resistant mechanism. The storage of amines is concluded to occur in association with the calcitonin-containing granules. In parafollicular cells of vitamin D2-treated rats, a certain amount of amine was bound in the cytoplasm in the absence of typical granules. As a considerable amount of calcitonin is known to remain in the thyroid of vitamin D2-treated rats, the present observations may indicate an association between the amine and the polypeptide hormone calcitonin, whether the latter is confined to typical granules or not.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 133 (1972), S. 1-12 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Golgi complex ; Ovary ; Bat ; Cytodifferentiation ; Electronmicroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dense lamellar bodies (DLB) were noted in immature cells in the developing ovary of the free-tailed bat. The DLB appear to be formed in the nucleus. They pass through the nuclear membrane into the cytoplasm. There they give rise to parallel stacks of flattened cisternae which are representative of typical dictyosomes. During the first meiotic prophase the dictyosomes aggregate to form the Golgi complex.
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