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  • Articles  (29)
  • Cell types  (11)
  • Calcium  (9)
  • Mouse  (9)
  • Springer  (29)
  • Cambridge University Press
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974  (29)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1972  (29)
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  • Articles  (29)
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  • Springer  (29)
  • Cambridge University Press
Years
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974  (29)
  • 1955-1959
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 128 (1972), S. 135-138 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spinal cord ; Mouse ; Myelinated neuronal soma ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im Thorakalmark (Hinterhornbereich) einer Wildmaus wurde ein kleines Nervenzellperikaryon beobachtet, das vollständig von einer Markscheide umhüllt war. Die Zahl der Markscheidenlamellen variierte zwischen 7 und 12. An einer Stelle konnte ein sogenanntes inneres Mesoperikaryon nachgewiesen werden. Die Bedeutung dieses zufällig erhobenen Befundes ist vorerst noch offen.
    Notes: Summary In the thoracic cord (posterior horn region) of a wild mouse, we have observed a small nerve cell soma completely enveloped by a myelin sheath. The number of myelin lamellae varied between 7 and 12. In one place, the existence of an inner ‘mesoperikaryon’ could also be shown. The significance of this fortuitous finding has not yet been explained.
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  • 12
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    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 124 (1972), S. 465-478 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Anterior pituitary ; Mouse ; in vitro ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Anterior pituitaries of mice were incubated for periods up to four hours in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate glucose gassed with 95% O2∶5% CO2. The incubated explants survived and retained a fine structure that approximated the condition in situ. The few necrotic cells were sharply localized, and were found to be due to initial mechanical damage to the tissue. Some cells of the six granulated types exhibited slight but significant changes attributable to the liberation from the hypothalamic control: in LTH cells there was a release of preexisting granules and a development of cell organelles, whereas in other cell types there was an inhibition of release of granules and an enhanced digestion of the accumulated granules by the lysosomal system. Follicular cells responded uniquely to the changed environment by hypertrophy of the cytoplasm and were found to phagocytize cell debris. A part of non-epithelial elements of the gland showed a tendency to modulate cytologically.
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  • 13
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    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 131 (1972), S. 329-346 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Olfactory mucosa ; Mouse ; Glands of Bowman ; Light and electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das erste Auftreten der Glandulae olfactoriae in der olfaktorischen Region der Maus wird beschrieben. Die Struktur der Bowmanschen Drüse und ihre topologische Beziehung zu den übrigen zellulären Elementen im Riechepithel wird untersucht. Die Bedeutung des Sekrets für die Bildung des Deckhäutchens wird diskutiert. Die Bowmanschen Drüsen der Maus erreichen im letzten Viertel des intrauterinen Lebens die Lamina propria des Riechepithels. In den Endstücken finden sich dunkle, sekretreiche und helle, sekretarme Zellen. Die sezernierenden Zellen der Bowmanschen Drüsen sind nicht auf die Lamina propria beschränkt, sondern erstrecken sich bis in die untersten Anteile des Kernlagers im Riechepithel. Beim Austritt der Bowmanschen Drüsen aus dem Riechepithel in die Lamina propria konfluieren die Basalmembranen dieser Gewebeanteile miteinander. Die gemeinsame Basalmembran kann sich noch eine Strecke weit bis in den normalen Interzellularraum zwischen Drüsen- und Riechepithelanteilen einsenken. In den apikalen Anteilen des Riechepithels wird der Ausführungsgang von den benachbarten Sinnes- und Stützzellen nur durch eine normal breite Interzellularfuge getrennt. Im Ausführungsgang der Bowmanschen Drüse finden sich dunkle und helle auskleidende Zellen. Die durch Desmosomen miteinander verbundenen Epithelzellen der Ausführungsgänge zeigen Zeichen einer Sekretion. Die periphersten Ausläufer des Ausführungsgangepithels erstrecken sich lediglich bis in das Terminalplattenniveau der Stützzellen, mit denen sie sich durch desmosomenartige Kontaktzonen verbinden. In der Verlängerung der Ausführungsgänge wird das Lumen peripher des Terminalplattenniveaus von den apikalen Stützzellanteilen und deren Mikrovilli sowie von den obersten Anteilen der Dendriten, von den Riechköpfen und den Sinneshaaren der Rezeptorzellen umgrenzt. Im Lumen der Ausführungsgangverlängerung finden sich im Bereich des olfaktorischen Saumes flächenhafte Ansammlungen von Sekret. Das Sekret im intervillösen Raum des olfaktorischen Saumes zeigt eine besondere Affinität zu den Membranen der peripheren Sinneszellausläufer. In der intrauterinen Lebensphase ließ sich bisher kein Deckhäutchen feststellen. Die austrocknende Wirkung der Luft auf das Sekret der Bowmanschen Drüsen wird als Entstehungsmechanismus für das Deckhäutchen in Erwägung gezogen.
    Notes: Summary First appearance, structure and topological relations of Bowmans' glands in the regio olfactoria of white mice are described. The importance of these glands for the formation of the terminal mucous cover of the olfactory epithelium is discussed. In the last quarter of intrauterine life the glands of Bowman reach the lamina propria. In the terminal portion of the glands dark cells with many secretory droplets and pale cells with only a few of them can be seen. Secretory active cells are localized in the basal part of the olfactory epithelium as well. When entering the lamina propria the irregular wide basement membrane of the glands joins that one of the epithelium. It is possible to follow up this joined basement membrane for a short distance between the glands and the cells of the olfactory epithelium. Peripheral to the very basal part of the olfactory epithelium there is no basement membrane around the glands' tissue. Receptors and sustentacular cells are separated from the gland only by a normal intercellular space. The epithelium of the ducts consists of dark and light cells as well. They are connected with the sustentacular cells by desmosomelike contacts. In its prolongation the lumen of Bowman's duct is lined by the apical portions of the sustentacular cells and their microvilli, and by dendrites, olfactory vesicles, and sensory cilia of the receptor cells. In the region of cilia and microvilli one can see masses of secretion which have confluenced. In the intervillous space its special affinity to the receptor's membranes is evident. During the intrauterine phase of life no terminal mucous cover could be demonstrated. The drying effect of the air as a possible reason for the origin of the terminal mucous cover is discussed.
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  • 14
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    Cell & tissue research 132 (1972), S. 451-472 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Adenohypophysis ; Myxine glutinosa ; Cell types ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of adenohypophysial cells in the Atlantic hagfish (Myxine glutinosa) is described and the morphological evidence for secretory activity is discussed. A scarcity of secretory granules is characteristic of the adenohypophysis of Myxine. Two cell types having the appearance of protein hormone producing cells can be identified. Type 1 has dense membrane-bound granules with a calculated mean diameter of 88 nm while type 2 has larger granules with a mean diameter of 176 nm. The release of secretory granular material follows mainly the “membrane-release” pattern. It is suggested that cell type 1 may produce a hormone which is similar to ACTH/MSH and type 2 another hormone similar to STH/LTH. The basophilic cells contain a secretory material which is similar to the mucus produced in the epithelial mucus cells. Several structural modifications are considered to represent functional compensations for the absence of vascular elements in the gland. Among these are a cytoplasmic tubular system, certain long agranular cells together with long granule-containing projections from cell types 1 and 2, and foliate or finger-like invaginations of the basal lamina.
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  • 15
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    Cell & tissue research 130 (1972), S. 338-350 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Adenohypophysis ; Salmon ; Gonad maturation ; Cell types ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the various hormone-producing cell types (with the exclusion of the prolactin cells) in the pituitary gland (pars distalis) of migratory sockeye salmon is described. All fish were in an advanced stage of sexual maturation. In the proximal pars distalis five cell types were distinguished: growth hormone cells, ACTH cells, gonadotrops, “vesicular cells”, and “chromophobe cells”. Gonadotrops were also found throughout the rostral pars distalis. A conspicuous feature of the gonadotrops was the presence of two kinds of secretory inclusions: small electron-dense granules (200–375 mμ) and large, relatively electron-translucent globules (400–2 000 mμ). The large vesicular cells, so called because of their conspicuous vesicular endoplasmic reticulum, were numerous and often appeared to contain some small granules. It is argued that they may represent a second type of gonadotropic cell, which, in earlier stages of gonad development, contains many granules but becomes largely degranulated near the time of reproduction when the other gonadotrops (“globular gonadotrops”) abound. The chromophobes, which were smaller and far less abundant than the vesicular cells, also appeared to contain small granules (120–280 mμ). They are probably thyrotrops.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ultimobranchial glands ; Urodeles ; Cell types ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the ultimobranchial (UB) glands of two common laboratory urodeles, viz., larval axolotls, Ambystoma mexicanum Shaw and adult Pleurodeles waltlii Micahelles, is described and compared in what is believed to be the first ultrastructural report on urodele UB glands. The axolotl UB gland shows a wide variety of form, being represented by an elongated diffuse series of follicles and sometimes by one or two large discrete terminal follicular bodies. In these axolotl UB glands up to four cell categories are distinguishable including a tonofilamentous cell and a secretory cell that is possibly homologous with calcitonin-producing C cells of anurans or other vertebrates. These two cell categories are also found in the Pleurodeles gland. The possible significance of the various cells is considered.
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  • 17
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    Cell & tissue research 124 (1972), S. 387-405 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Adenohypophysis ; Mouse ; Follicular cells ; Marginal cells ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Follicular cells in the mouse adenohypophysis were studied electron microscopically. These elements appear to be very similar to the marginal cells that delineate both sides of the hypophyseal cleft. The mouse differs from most other species in that the follicular cells in the pars distalis and the marginal cells look completely inactive in young, intact animals. This makes the mouse exceptionally favorable for correlating morphological changes in the cells of both types with changes in the physiological state of the animal. Different treatments applied in the present investigation all induced morphological reactions in the follicular and/or marginal cells; these reactions were generally similar. Thus, morphological changes in the follicular or marginal cells should be considered as general phenomena accompanying many changes in the physiological state of the animal, rather than as a specific result of the treatment applied. In three experiments, the follicular and marginal cells were involved in the digestion of waste material from other cells. It is suggested that the morphological changes in the other experiments should also be interpreted as signs of such an activity. In the pars tuberalis of the young, intact mouse the follicular cells may show characteristics that in the pars distalis are found only under experimental conditions. Therefore, the follicular cells in this part of the hypophysis are probably in an active state.
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Tracheo-bronchial mucosa ; Amine-storing (enterochromaffin-like) cells ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The tracheo-bronchial mucosa of the mouse has been found to contain an extensive system of argyrophilic epithelial cells. In the trachea the cells morphologically resemble enterochromaffin cells. Normally, these enterochromaffin-like cells contain no fluorogenic amine, as revealed by the Falck-Hillarp formaldehyde technique. On the other hand the cells have the capacity to take up and decarboxylate 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) or 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP); the amine formed is stored in the cytoplasm in a reserpine-sensitive store. This capacity to produce and store amines under experimental conditions may reflect the presence in the tracheal enterochromaffin-like cells of an amine which can not be demonstrated with available fluorescence histochemical techniques. In the electron microscope the tracheal enterochromaffin-like cells were identified by a positive argyrophil reaction and by their capacity to accumulate radioactivity after administration of 3H-DOPA or 3H-5-HTP as revealed by autoradiography. The radioactive labelling was associated with cytoplasmic electron-dense granules (800–1000 Å), suggesting that the amine formed was stored in these granules. Accordingly, the granules stained argentaffin after DOPA-pre-treatment of the animal. It is suggested that, like similar cells in the gastric mucosa, these argyrophilic enterochromaffin-like cells constitute an endocrine system in which amines are of cytophysiological importance.
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  • 19
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    Cell & tissue research 130 (1972), S. 205-218 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Sternal gland ; Trinervitermes geminatus ; Cell types ; Histochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La glande sternale de Trinervitermes geminatus correspond à un épaississement médian de la partie antérieure du cinquième sternite abdominal. Elle est bordée intérieurement par une fine basale conjonctive et extérieurement par la cuticule, quelques sensilles campaniformes sont également visibles dans la masse glandulaire. On peut y reconnaître deux types de cellules: d'abord des cellules ovalaires situées dans la partie moyenne de la glande. Elles contiennent de grosses mitochondries et des globules denses, et sont en relation avec la basale par quelques fins prolongements cellulaires. Ensuite des cellules cylindriques, bien développées, constituant toute l'épaisseur de la glande. Elles possèdent de nombreuses vésicules de reticulum lisse et une bordure en brosse formée de microvillosités et de digitations cytoplasmiques qui pénètrent dans la cuticule. Cette cuticule comprend une mésocuticule lacunaire et une fine épicuticule percée par des «canalicules épicuticulaires». Une comparaison est établie avec la glande sternale d'autres termites, en particulier celle de Kalotermes.
    Notes: Summary The sternal gland of Trinervitermes geminatus appears as a median thickening of the epidermis at the anterior part of the fifth abdominal sternite. It is lined internally with a thin basal lamina and externally with the cuticle. A few campaniform sensilla are also visible in the glandular mass. Two types of cells may be recognized. First, oval-shaped cells, containing numerous large mitochondria and dense globules; these cells having no contact with the cuticle are connected with the basal lamina by a few narrow cytoplasmic stems. Second, tall columnar cells, with vesicular endoplasmic reticulum and an apical brush border built up by microvilli and finger—like processes which reach into the cuticle. This cuticle is made of alveolous mesocuticle and a thin epicuticle perforated by “epicuticular canals”. The organ is compared with the sternal gland of other termites, particularly with the one of Kalotermes.
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  • 20
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    Cell & tissue research 130 (1972), S. 249-261 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Chromaffin tissue ; Ganglion cervicale uteri ; Mouse ; Light and electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das chromaffine Gewebe im Ganglion cervicale uteri der Maus wurde licht- und elektronenmikroskopisch in verschiedenen Funktionsstadien des Genitale untersucht. Die Befunde decken sich weitgehend mit den bisher bekannten Beobachtungen an extraadrenalem, chromaffinem Gewebe anderer Lokalisation. 1. Das chromaffine Gewebe besteht aus granulahaltigen Paraganglienzellen und Hüllzellen, die Schwannschen Zellen gleichen. 2. Die Granula der Paraganglienzellen sind sehr kontrastreich und von einer Membran umhüllt, die größeren Abstand von ihrem dichten Inhalt haben kann. 3. Gelegentlich sind die Paraganglienzellen mit Zilien ausgestattet. 4. Zellen mit wenig Granula haben ein kräftiger ausgebildetes rauhes endoplasmatisches Retikulum als Zellen mit hohem Granulagehalt. 5. Die paraganglionären Zellen haben keine besondere Beziehung zum Gefäßsystem. 6. Die Paraganglienzellen stehen mit Nervenendingungen durch Synapsen in Kontakt, die sowohl überwiegend synaptische Bläschen als auch überwiegend „dense core vesicles” enthalten können. Sie scheinen also sowohl durch cholinerge als auch durch adrenerge Innervation kontrolliert zu werden. 7. Unterschiede in der Ultrastruktur der Paraganglienzellen konnten nur zwischen ausgewachsenen und infantilen Tieren festgestellt werden. Letztere haben einen höheren Anteil an Zellen mit wenig Granula. 8. Die Befunde scheinen für eine lokale endokrine Beeinflussung der Nervenzellen des Ganglion cervicale uteri durch Abgabe von Katecholaminen aus den Paraganglienzellen zu sprechen.
    Notes: Summary The chromaffin tissue in the ganglion cervicale uteri of mice was investigated in different functional stages of their reproductive system by light and electron microscopy. The observations correspond to the findings obtained in extra-adrenal chromaffin tissue localized in other regions. 1. The chromaffin tissue consists of granule containing paraganglionic cells and of surrounding cells that resemble Schwann cells. 2. Occasionally the paraganglionic cells possess cilia. 3. The granules in the cytoplasm of paraganglionic cells are very electron dense and are enveloped by a membrane that forms a vesicle with a diameter either corresponding to that of the granule or considerably larger than the latter. 4. Cells with little granules have a better developed rough endoplasmic reticulum than cells with a great number of granules. 5. The paraganglionic cells have no special relationships to blood vessels. 6. The paraganglionic cells are innervated by synapses that possess synaptic vesicles and by synapses that show accumulations of dense core vesicles. The paraganglionic cells seem to be under the control of cholinergic and adrenergic innervation. 7. Differences of ultrastructure of the paraganglionic cells were seen only between adult and infantile animals. The latter have a greater number of cells containing only a small quantity of granules. 8. The findings suggest the hypothesis of a local endocrine influence of the paraganglionic cells on the neurons of the ganglion cervicale uteri by release of catecholamines.
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