ALBERT

Description: A description and drawings are presented of a new species of Penicillium which is assigned to the P. nigricans series.

Description: Description of Echinogammarus spinulicornis nov. spec., closely related to E. pungens (H. Milne Edwards), and of Echinogammarus zebrinus nov. spec., a member of the E. berilloni-group, from streams in the Basin of Aquitaine, southwestern France.

Description: On the North West African shelf 98 species of fishes were collected of which a classification is given. Three species have hitherto been recorded only farther South. The status of Platophrys podas africanus (Nielsen, 1961) is discussed.

Description: CONTENTS\nIntroduction................... 3\nThe nominal genera and their evaluation........... 4\nThe phylogeny of the higher Loricariidae........... 12\nMeasurements and methods............... 18\nCollecting localities................. 19\nMiscellaneous remarks................ 23\nThe Surinam species ................ 23\nDistribution and habitat................ 23\nKey to the Surinam species............... 25\nDescriptions of the Surinam species............. 25\nAcknowledgements................. 44\nSummary.................... 44\nDiagrams.................... 44\nReferences................... 55\nINTRODUCTION\nThe present paper is the third in a series intended to present a review of the Surinam representatives of the Loricariid armoured catfishes (Loricariidae), of which the previous two dealt with the Surinam species belonging to the genus Hypostomus Lac\xc3\xa9p\xc3\xa8de (Boeseman, 1968, 1969). Like these, the review now presented is mainly based on the extensive material assembled during the period 1963 to 1967 by the zoologists carrying out the Biological Brokopondo Research Project, sponsored by the Netherlands Foundation for the Advancement of Research in Surinam and the Netherlands Antilles (WOSUNA), the Netherlands Foundation for the Advan-

Description: Der erste Teil dieser Arbeit (Mik\xc5\xa1i\xc4\x87, 1970, Zool. Verh. Leiden, 107) bringt \xe2\x80\x94 ausser der Einleitung und den Literaturverzeichnis \xe2\x80\x94 die Bearbeitung aller Untergattungen der Gattung Glycyphana Burm. mit glattem Mesosternalprocessus. In diesem zweiten und letzten Teil wurden die Untergattungen mit einer queren Punktfurche hinter dem Vorderrand des Mesosternalprocessus behandelt. Ausserdem wurden anhangweise die dubi\xc3\xb6sen Arten angef\xc3\xbchrt.\nDie Bearbeitung des II. Teiles fusst auf dem im Vorwort des ersten Teiles angef\xc3\xbchrten Material und den dort genannten Herren erlaube ich mir auch hier meinen verbindlichsten Dank auszusprechen. Die Zeichnungen wurden von Frau Fadila Softi\xc4\x87-Harovi\xc4\x87 und Herrn Radomir Velimirovi\xc4\x87 verfertigt.\nEinige Bemerkungen \xc3\xbcber das System der Glycyphana-Arten der II. Untergattungsgruppe Von den im Schenkling-Katalog (1921) angef\xc3\xbchrten und sp\xc3\xa4ter beschriebenen Glycyphana-Arten (von welchen allerdings manche in dieser Arbeit zu Rassen degradiert oder gar als Synonyme eingezogen wurden) geh\xc3\xb6ren nach dem Bau des Mesosternalprocessus in die II. Untergattungsgruppe folgende: G. andamanensis Jans., G. aromatica (Wall.), G. aterrima (Wied.), G. aurora Arrow, G. borneensis Kr., G. brunnipes (Kirby), G. burmeisteri Kr., G. burschicosa Flach, G. cincta (Wall.), G. cretata (Wall.), G. cuculus Burm., G. distigma Kr., G. enganoensis Mik\xc5\xa1., G. festiva (Fab.), G. florensis Valck Lucas., G. fulvipicta (Wall.), G. gracilipes Mos., G. huyghei Bourg., G. illusa Jans., G. incerta (Wall.), G. infima (Thoms.), G. inusta Mohn., G. labecula (Wall.), G. landini Mik\xc5\xa1., G. leuco-

Description: On March 1st, 1971, Dr. Hermann Otto Sleumer, senior staff member of the Rijksherbarium, retired on reaching the age of 65 years. I have expressly omitted to say \xe2\x80\x98from active service\xe2\x80\x99, because his work has gone on uninterruptedly and he even had objections against spending one afternoon, on Febr. 26th, to celebrate this occasion with speeches and a reception in his honour. Also Mrs. Sleumer found it quite unnecessary and did not anticipate it with pleasure, but afterwards both told us that they had enjoyed it immensely.\nThe story of the life of a scientist is to me always fascinating if it provides, apart from the plain facts of education, career, and bibliography, an insight also into the motives of his personality, the opportunities life offered to him, the challenges he had to meet, and the way he solved them or came to decisions. Too often the incentives and personal notes fail to come to the fore and consequently such so-called biographies fall short of a true life sketch.

Description: In this paper the distributional pattern of Puccinellia fasciculata in the Netherlands is discussed. It is pointed out that three factors (inundation of considerable portions of the province Zeeland during World War II, extensive flooding of other parts in 1953, and the construction of new dikes) are responsible for the enormous increase in the area of distribution. It is to be expected that with the return to normal conditions the species will largely retreat to more normal distribution.

Description: Hybrids of the Dryopteris spinulosa complex in the Netherlands Kuntze ex Druce (= D. carthusiana X D. cristata) and D. x deweveri Dryopteris x uliginosa (Joh. Jansen) J. & W. ( = D. carthusiana X D. dilatata) have been recorded from several places in the Netherlands.\nFern hybrids, generally speaking, can be recognised by the absence of indurated annulus cells (magnifying glass) and by the presence of abortive spores. Often hybrids tend to show, apart from intermediate characters, monstruosities in leaf shape (especially bifurcations), irregular growth of the crown of leaves sprouting from the rhizome, and hybrid vigour. The diagnostic characters of the hybrids are enumerated. Main characters in D. x uliginosa are: the connection of the basal leaf segments of the 2nd order, which are usually attached with a small part of the blade to a lateral vein; and the presence of a small, dark-centred part at the base of the scale. D. x deweveri can be recognised by scales which are partly pale brown and partly show a darkcentred part (usually not so dark as in D. dilatata). Both hybrids were often found in habitats disturbed by human activities or with considerable environmental changes over short distances. D. x uliginosa was found in habitats with Sphagnum species, D. x deweveri in drained woodlands or in elder carr strongly influenced by birds.

Description: The author discusses different life and growth form systems. Several of them are very complex, based on many criteria and difficult to apply in floristical and vegetational studies. The so-called dynamic systems are easier to apply and include several different simple systems each based on another criterium. Apart from this the life form systems can also be divided into phenotypical and genotypical systems. In a genotypical system the life forms depend on the genetic properties of the species, e.g. the ability to form rhizomes (e.g. the system of Warming; plants of the same species in different areas belong to the same life form), but in a phenotypical system the life forms depend also on the habitat of the plants (e.g. the system of Raunkiaer; plants of the same species in different areas can belong to different life forms). The first system is easier to apply than the second one.\nAn important factor preventing immediate application of life form systems is that no Dutch flora mentions life forms and a few floras of other countries mention only the system of Raunkiaer. Within the framework of the study of Dutch dune slack vegetations the author devised and applied a dynamic genotypical system. It appeared that important results were obtained by making life form spectra for a number of successive years.

Description: The faculty of light-sensitive (photoblastic) seeds to survive in the soil in an imbibed state for many years and to germinate when exposed to light is ecologically important for many plant species, among them most annual weeds. Only a part of the seeds of these species will germinate after disturbance of the soil in which they are present.\nOf equal ecological importance is the induction of secondary dormancy in both photoblastic and non-photoblastic seeds by far red irradiation. In white light filtered through green leaves the ratio red/far red shifts considerably to the far red side. Consequently in a wood seeds of many species will be prevented from germinating, but when a clearing is made they soon germinate. As examples are mentioned the seeds of the tropical weed Ruellia tuberosa L. germinating in white light and in darkness, but not in far red or leaf-filtered light, and those of Digitalis purpurea L. germinating in white light only and which will in nature germinate abundantly soon after a wood has been cut.