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  • Artikel  (158)
  • Chemistry  (158)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (158)
  • Elsevier
  • Springer Nature
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979
  • 1970-1974  (158)
  • 1973  (79)
  • 1971  (79)
  • Technik allgemein  (158)
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  • Artikel  (158)
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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (158)
  • Elsevier
  • Springer Nature
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  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979
  • 1970-1974  (158)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hollow fiber membrane oxygenator (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 135-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Hollow fibers have been produced and evaluated for use as membrane oxygenators in an artificial heart device. Gas permeable capillaries now commercially available are unsuitable for this use because of: (1) low percent open cross-sectional area, (2) large internal diameter, and (3) high cost. A number of polymers were initially selected for evaluation because of their reported high gas permeabilities. Those selected include a number of rubbers of various compositions, certain poly-α-olefins and an experimental thermoplastic silicone rubber copolymer. These materials were first evaluated as flat membranes (films) for their gas permeabilities and also for ease of preparation in hollow fiber form. Hollow fibers were prepared from the most promising of those studied, poly-4-methylpentene-1 and the thermoplastic polydimethylsiloxane copolymer. Fibers, ranging in the size from 30 to 300 μ ID, were spun with open cross-sectional areas of 40-65%. Oxygen and carbon dioxide permeabilities measured on these fibers were compared to that of SilasticDow Corning medical grade poly (dimethylsiloxane). rubber membranes. These permeabilities range from 1/20 that of Silastic rubber for unmodified poly-4-methylpentene-1 to 2/3 for the thermoplastic silicone copolymer. Modification of poly-4-methylpentene-1 has made it possible to increase it's permeability by tenfold, while still maintaining physical properties necessary to spin and fabricate this material.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050214
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Elemental carbon as a biomaterial (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 41-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Advanced forms of elemental carbon were identified as potential implantable prosthetic materials and a study was conducted to determine specific applications. A survey of the carbon industry established material sources and specifications on available types of material. Specimen materials were supplied to several research organizations for in-vivo evaluation and produced acceptable results. Specific designs have been generated for a broad range of implantable prosthetics and prototypes have been provided for preliminary evaluation. The feasibilty of an organic mechanical attachment between cortical bone tissues and elemental carbon has been successfully demonstrated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050607
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Initial surface interaction of blood and blood components with Al2O3 and TiO2 (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 69-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The success of material implants in the vascular system has been limited by the fact that the intial events of blood coagulation on foreign material surfaces are not understood. Many materials have been evaluated in the search for a suitable implant material in this system. Recent success of porous ceramic materials in bone-ceramic compatibility studies stimulated the feeling that these materials should be tested in other body tissues such as the blood.Ceramic disks of Al2O3 and TiO2 were evaluated using a contact angle measurement technique to determine the characteristics of these material surfaces before and after exposure to a blood environment. This technique involved measuring the contact angle of sessile drops of various liquids on these surfaces with a microscope fitted with a goniometer eyepiece. By plotting these contact angles according to the procedure of Zisman, the characteristics of the surfaces could be evaluated.The clean ceramic disks were found to be extremely wettable even after exposure to a physiological saline environment. On exposure of these disks to a blood environment, it was observed that some type of film was adsorbed from the blood onto the ceramic surface during the initial minutes of exposure. This film had wetting characteristics consistent with layers of fibrinogen.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050609
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Skeletal extension of limb prosthetic attachments-problems in tissue reaction (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 143-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The skeletal attachment of a limb prosthesis approaches two specific and separate problems in tissue reaction to prosthetic materials: Skeletal fixation and trancutaneous interface.The skeletal fixation problem must be looked upon as a method to distribute the stress concentration of prosthetic material in such a manner so that living tissue is not embarrassed by prolonged excessive pressures. One must consider the functional mechanical stresses separate from the toxicological reaction of living tissues to prosthetic materials. Our current experience identifies the fact that vitreous carbon is extremely benign from the standpoint of living tissue reaction. Moreover, when placed in the configuration of irregular surfaces, it apparently encourages bone growth contiguous with the material. To this point, however, the reaction of living material to broad surfaces contiguous with vitreous carbon has not placed under concentration of functional stresses. Porous ceramic to this date has not supplied an appropriate answer to this problem.Transcutaneous perforation is available in the clinical sense only when a method can be presented which requires no specific hygiene and dressing. No drainage at all must be the rule at a transcutaneous perforation. Vitreous carbon in our experience so far has made contiguous epithealization feasible down the neck of a skin perforation. Four millimeters, from our experience, seems to be an appropriate location of epithelial downgrowth before transition into non epithealized connective tissue is available. The use of fixation skirts is felt to be necessary to provide stable, transcutaneous perforation.This paper presents evidence of the favorable tissue reaction both from a skeletal and cutaneous standpoint to vitreous carbon materials. A specific design for the successful skeletal fixation limb prosthesis is as yet not currently available and must await further clinical experience with human skin reaction to transcutaneous devices.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050612
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ceramics in surgery (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 231-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A study has been made of the ceramic-epoxy composite “Cerosium.” Experiments were conducted to evaluate the tissue reaction to such material and the extent of bonding established between ceramic and the tissues in which it was implanted. It was found that this material was well tolerated by the body and obtained definite fixation within the tissues when implanted into both bone and tendon. This occurred, however, not by the active infiltration of tissue but by fibrous encapsulation and it is recommended that for more meaningful stabilization, material of larger pore size is required.When Cerosium was implanted into the knee joints of rabbits, it was found to be unsuitable for intra-articular use because of the abrasive effect on the opposing cartilage and bone surfaces and the susceptibility of the material itself to abrasive wear. Furthermore, a full mechanical evaluation of standard specimens of Cerosium showed it to be degraded within the body due to a breakdown of the impregnating polymer.Ceramic-epoxy composites require a strong matrix and a totally stable impregnating material. While mechanically suited to replacing weight bearing surfaces, a smooth surface glaze is essential to avoid abrasive effects upon the opposing bone surface. Further investigation is required before these materials can be fully accepted into the armamentarium of the implant surgeon.
    Zusätzliches Material: 19 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050614
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transport through crosslinked poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogel membranes (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 7 (1973), S. 353-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The transport of urea and other biologically interesting solutes in aqueous solution across poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (p-HEMA) hydrogel membranes has been studied. The results show that p-HEMA membranes have a high permeability to urea due to a strong interaction between the polymer and urea, and, in addition, they are consistent with a pore flow model in which solute transport takes place through water-filled regions essentially unaffected by the surrounding polymer matrix. The results indicate that such p-HEMA membranes might be suitable for hemodialysis applications.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820070407
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Analyses of a silicone elastomer heart ball valve (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 7 (1973), S. 405-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: This work represents a preliminary study of one case history of a silicone heart valve. The laboratory techniques employed have proven useful in characterizing the polymer before and after implantation. Before any model explaining ball variance can be proposed it must be determined whether the polymer loses its integrity because specific constituents in the body fluids interact with primary valence bonds in the polymer chains, or if the fluids simply cause swelling and plasticization of the crosslinked system and the damage is the result of mechanical work on the weaker polymer system. Detailed kinetic and thermodynamic studies are underway to answer these questions.The work summarized in this paper refers to the evaluation of only one specimen and should not be taken to mean that every silicone ball from a heart valve prosthesis will show this variance. The incidence of functionally variant silicone balls as reported to one manufacturer represents approximately 1.5% of the aortic and less than 0.05% of the mitral prostheses which have been supplied by this manufacturer. A small percent of valves of this type have the potential of becoming functionally variant and this is one failure mode which should be considered in the implantation of silicone ball valves.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820070504
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Preparation of dental alloy by splat cooling (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 7 (1973), S. 481-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Splat cooling has been used for the preparation of dental alloy in the form of ribbons of 5-25 μm in thickness. The powdered alloy was produced by shaking the ribbons with a dental pestle in a mechanical amalgamator. One minute shaking produced a powder all of which passed a standard 400 mesh sieve. Only phases expected at room temperature have been produced thus far.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820070509
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 7 (1973) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820070601
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Intravascular radiopaque catheters in the dog: Tissue reaction and possible lead lossThis represents part of the work done for the thesis requirement for a M.A. degree from the Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Indiana University (Bloomington). (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 7 (1973), S. 167-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Male mongrel dogs were divided into two groups and placed in urine collection cages for 24-hr urine samples. One group was implanted with sterile radiopaque polyethylene catheter and stainless steel guide wire fragments in the venous vasculature via an incision in the left femoral vein and the remaining group in the arterial vasculature via the left femoral artery. The catheter fragments, made radiopaque by an admixture of 25% lead oxide and 75% polyethylene, were located by roentgenograms and along with the guide wire fragments removed at necropsy 18-46 weeks following implantation. Gross and microscopic tissue lesions consisted of fibrous tissue tubes and slings which completely enclosed and anchored the fragments and intimal hyperplasia with fibrous tissue organization of thrombi, respectively. Tissue staining techniques for lead, catheter fragment weights, blood lead levels, and urine lead content all revealed no evidence of lead loss from the catheter fragment implants.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820070205
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