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  • Fine structure  (33)
  • Lysosomes
  • Springer  (51)
  • Cham :Springer International Publishing :
  • Frontiers Media SA
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  • 1970-1974  (51)
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  • Springer  (51)
  • Cham :Springer International Publishing :
  • Frontiers Media SA
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  • 2020-2024
  • 2020-2022
  • 1970-1974  (51)
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  • 1974  (15)
  • 1972  (16)
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  • 1973  (13)
  • 1970  (15)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 10 (1972), S. 216-222 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Ultrastructure ; Callus ; Osteoclast ; Endocytosis ; Lysosomes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé La bordure en brosse des ostéoclastes de cals de fractures de rats présente des plissements complexes de la membrane cytoplasmique formant des canaux étroits. L'absorption d'un produit exogène opaque aux électrons (des macromolécules de dioxyde de thorium) s'effectue par l'intermédiaire de ces canaux, par un «courant» membranaire. Les contenus des canaux sont transférés à des lysosomes («granules spécifiques»), situés sous la bordure en brosse. Dans des «régions de transition», adjacentes à cette dernière, l'absorption de dioxyde de thorium se fait par «vésiculation membranaire» (endocytose classique).
    Kurzfassung: Zusammenfassung Der gekrauste Rand der Osteoklasten im Frakturcallus von Ratten besteht aus komplexen Einstülpungen der Plasmamembran, die enge Kanälchen bildet. Die Absorption einer exogenen, elektronisch dichten Verbindung, Thoriumdioxyd, erfolgt durch diese Kanäle, offenbar durch einen „Membranfluß”. Der Inhalt der Kanäle wird zu den Lysosomen („spezifische Granula”) geführt, welche unter dem gekrausten Rand liegen. In „Übergangsgebieten”, welche sich neben dem gekrausten Rand befinden, scheint die Aufnahme der Thoriumdioxydpartikel durch „Bläschenbildung in der Membran” (konventionelle Endocytose) stattzufinden.
    Notizen: Abstract The ruffled border of osteoclasts in the fracture callus of rat consists of complex infoldings of the plasma membrane forming narrow channels. Absorption of an exogenous, electron-dense compound, thorium dioxide, has been shown to take place via these channels, apparently through “membrane flow”. The contents of the channels are transferred to lysosomes (“specific granules”) located subjacent to the ruffled border. In “transitional regions” adjacent to the ruffled border, uptake of thorium dioxide particles appeared to occur through “membrane vesiculation” (conventional endocytosis).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 14 (1974), S. 153-160 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Lysosomes ; Bone ; Resorption ; Osteoclast
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Des techniques histochimiques de microscope photonique et électronique montrent que les ostéoclastes métaphysaires chez des rats “sans incisive” présentent des quantités plus importantes de phosphatase acide, d'acryl sulfatase et de trimétaphosphatase acide lysosomiales. L'activité en phosphatase lysosomiale à pH neutre est aussi plus élevée dans les ostéoclastes métaphysaires, sauf dans les cellules situées sous la métaphyse, où l'enzyme est absente. L'absence de résorption de la matrice organique semble en rapport avec l'absence de bordures en brosse et une absence d'enzyme lysosomiale extracellulaire. Malgré cette absence, une dissolution de cristaux inorganiques a été mise en évidence au microscope électronique, suggérant que la dissolution minérale est un processus distinct de la désintégration enzymatique de la matrice organique.
    Kurzfassung: Zusammenfassung Histochemische Techniken für Licht- und Elektronenmikroskopie zeigten, daß metaphysäre Osteoklasten “Schneidezahl-loser” (SL) Ratten erhöhte Mengen von lysosomaler saurer Phosphatase, von Arylsulfatase und von saurer Trimetaphosphatase enthielten. Die Aktivität der lysosomalen Phosphatase bei neutralem pH war in den metaphysären Osteoklasten ebenfalls erhöht, außer in den Zellen direkt unterhalb der Wachstumsplatte, wo dieses Enzym nicht vorkam. Es konnte überhaupt keine Resorption der organischen Matrix festgestellt werden, was übereinzustimmen schien mit der Abwesenheit eines gekräuselten Saumes und einer gleichzeitigen Abwesenheit des extrazellulären lysosomalen Enzyms. Trotzdem wurde im Elektronenmikroskop das Verschwinden anorganischer Kristalle festgestellt, was darauf schließen läßt, daß die Auflösung des Minerals nicht derselbe Vorgang ist wie die enzymatische Auflösung der organischen Matrix.
    Notizen: Abstract Histochemical techniques for light and electron microscopy showed that metaphyseal osteoclasts in “incisors absent” rats contained greater than normal amounts of lysosomal acid phosphatase, aryl sulfatase and acid trimetaphosphatase. Lysosomal phosphatase activity at neutral pH was also elevated in the metaphyseal osteoclasts except in those cells immediately beneath the growth plate, where this enzyme was absent. The failure of any discernable resorption of organic matrix appeared to correlate with the absence of a ruffled border and a concomittant absence of extracellular lysosomal enzyme. Despite this failure, electron microscopic evidence of inorganic crystal removal was noted, suggesting that mineral dissolution represents a separate process from the enzymatic breakdown of organic matrix.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 98 (1974), S. 115-126 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Endocytosis ; Tetrahymena ; Lysosomes ; Exocytosis ; Acid Hydrolases
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Endocytosis of yeast cells by Tetrahymena pyriformis GL for a period of 2.5 h produced changes in cellular acid hydrolases. Acid phosphatase, acid deoxyribonuclease and acid proteinase activities were markedly increased, whereas there was a decrease in acid ribonuclease activity and little change in α-glucosidase activity. These alterations do not appear to be due to any alteration in the rates of secretion of these enzymes into the milieu. Evidence is presented that the cellular enzyme increases found upon endocytosis of yeast reflect changes in lysosomal enzymes, because it was shown that the acid phosphatase activity increase resulted in an increased amount of latent enzyme within the cell. The results also support the idea that there are at least 3 distinct populations of lysosomes, in addition to phagolysosomes, present in Tetrahymena pyriformis GL, with different modes of formation. There appears to be a large excess of lysosomes, uncombined with phagosomes, present in these fed cells since latency averaged 66% in broken-cell preparations which contained very few intact phagolysosomes. The phagolysosomal acid phophatase activity cannot account for more than 34% of that present in the cell. The endocytosis of yeast in the presence of growth medium resulted in a marked drop in the rate of cell division as compared to cells growing in the growth medium alone. The results are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 112 (1971), S. 97-119 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Insects ; Epicuticle secretion ; Golgi system ; Lysosomes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Les modifications cytologiques des cellules épidermiques sécrétant la cuticule sternale et pleurale de l'adulte deT. molitor sont étudiées pendant la formation et l'évolution de l'épicuticule externe et interne. L'épicuticule externe et interne sont sécrétées de la même façon par condensation de matériel diffus au-dessus de l'apex des microvillosités. Un cycle hétérolytique est mis en évidence par l'emploi de peroxydase injectée dans l'espace exuvial: la peroxydase est captée par de grosses vésicules revêtues et incorporée dans des corps multivésiculaires apicaux. Par comptage des différentes populations de vésicules, des variations nettes dans l'intensité de la pinocytose sont mises en évidence. Ces variations semblent en rapport non pas avec la digestion de l'ancienne cuticule mais avec les différences de nature et de structure des composants cuticulaires. L'hypothèse du contrôle de la sécrétion épidermique par les phénomènes de pinocytose énoncée par Locke (1969) est confirmée. Des vésicules d'origine golgiennes sont secrétées surtout après la formation de l'épicuticule et ne sont donc pas à l'origine du matériel épicuticulaire, mais il est possible qu'elles jouent un rôle dans l'évolution ultérieure des structures épicuticulaires.
    Notizen: Summary The cytological modifications of the epidermal cells secreting sternal and pleural cuticle of adultTenebrio are studied, specially during the formation and evolution of the outer and inner epicuticle. Both layers are secreted by condensation of diffuse material just above the epidermal microvilli. There is no peculiar phase without microvilli when inner epicuticle is formed. During the secretion of pre-ecdysial cuticle, the epidermal cell is characterized by an heterolytic process which is demonstrated by peroxidase injection into the ecdysial space: horseradish peroxidase is absorbed by large pinocytic coated vesicles which discharge their content into multivesicular bodies, after the loss of their coat. The intensity of pinocytosis is studied by vesicles counts at different stages of the pupal life. These counts show a pinocytic peak when the inner epicuticle is formed. When the epicuticular barrier is completely secreted, exogenous peroxidase is no more absorbed, but morphological study and counts show that pinocytosis still occurs. This demonstrates that epidermis cannot absorb macromolecules arising from the digested old cuticle since digestion occurs after the completion of adult epicuticle. Locke's hypothesis about the “control of the extracellular subcuticular environment” by pinocytosis is confirmed. The Golgi complexes are involved in lytic process with their small coated vesicles and in secretion of cuticular material with their large dense secretory vesicles, but according to vesicle counts, the secretory vesicles are not concerned in epicuticle formation since their apparition is posterior to the deposition of the inner epicuticle.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 112 (1971), S. 212-246 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Spiders ; Cupiennius salei ; Slit sense organs ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Ein großes Einzelspaltsinnesorgan auf dem Tarsus der Spinne Cupienniua salei Keys. wird elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht und mit einem kleinen tarsalen Einzelorgan sowie dem zusammengsetzten (lyriformen) Organ des Metatarsus verglichen. 1. Der sog. Spalt besteht aus zwei Anteilen: a) Der in der Exocuticula gelegene hat die Gestalt einer Rinne (Länge ca. 51 μm, Breite ca. 2,2 μm), welche an den Enden ihrer Längserstreckung flach ist und in einer Mittelzone die Exocuticula bis auf einen ca. 0,23 μm starken Boden (innere Membran = M.i.) durchstößt. Die Exocuticula bildet um den Spalt herum einen verstärkenden Rahmen mit spezifischer Anordnung der exocuticularen Lamellen. b) Der in Meso- und Endocuticula gelegene Anteil öffnet sich von M. i. aus glockenförmig zur Epidermis hin. 2. Der Spalt ist überall von einer ca. 0,25 μm dicken Membran (äußere Membran M.a.) bedeckt, deren quantitativ wichtigste Komponente elektronenoptisch der innersten Lage der Epicuticula (dense layer) gleicht. 3. Das Spaltsinnesorgan wird von zwei Dendriten innerviert. Während einer davon nahe M.i. endet, zieht der andere durch eine Öffnung in dieser bis zu M. a. 4. Beide Dendrite weisen dieselbe feinstrukturelle Dreigliederung auf. a) Der dem Zellsoma folgende Abschnitt enthält Tubuli und einige randständige Mitochondrien. b) Nach distal folgt eine mitochondrienreiche und tubuluslose Dendritenanschwellung. c) Der somafernste Abschnitt beginnt mit einer Ciliarstruktur, deren Basalkörper in der Anschwellung liegen. Er zeichnet sich durch zahlreiche von periodischen Querstrukturen miteinander verbundene Tubuli sowie das vollkommene Fehlen von Mitochondrien aus. 5. Distal von der Ciliarstruktur umgibt eine gemeinsame elektronendichte Scheide die beiden Dendrite. 6. In der Mittelzone ihrer Längserstreckung bildet M.a. an einem in der Aufsicht tropfenförmigen und leicht versenkten Flächenausschnitt eine zylinderförmige Vertiefung (Tiefe ca. 1 μm, ø ca. 0,5 μm) aus, durch deren Boden der längere Dendrit samt Scheide hindurchzieht, um als fingerförmige Erhebung in dem Zylinder zu enden. Das Ende dieses Dendriten zeichnet sich durch eine extra- und intrazelluläre Ansammlung elektronendichter Substanz aus (Tubularkörper). 7. Eine innere und eine äußere Hüllzelle (Hz 1 bzw. Hz 2) umgeben die Dendrite gemeinsam. Hz 1 endet distal auf Höhe der Ciliarkörper, Hz 2 reicht nahe bis zu M.i. Der apikale Bereich von Hz 2 bildet eine große, nach distal offene Invagination aus, welche von Mikrovilli und einer daraufliegenden extrazellulären Substanz gesäumt wird. Elektronenoptisch vergleichbares Material findet sich in einem ausgedehnten Lakunensystem, das weiter proximal von weiteren Zellinvaginationen und erweiterten Extrazellularräumen gebildet wird. 8. Der sensorische Apparat eines kleinen tarsalen Einzelorgans sowie des metatarsalen lyriformen Organs stimmt im wesentlichen mit dem des großen tarsalen Einzelspalts überein.
    Notizen: Summary A large single slit sense organ on the tarsus of the spider Cupiennius salei Keys, was examined electronmicroscopically and compared with a small single slit sense organ also on the tarsus and with the compound (lyriform) organ on the metatarsus. 1. The so-called slit consists of two parts. The upper one is a trough-shaped chamber in the exocuticle, flat at both ends of its longitudinal axis and growing deeper towards its mid-portion until only a floor remains 0.23 μm thick (inner membrane of the slit = M.i.). The exocuticle thickens around the slit into a reinforcing frame with specific arrangement of the exocuticular lamellae. The lower part opens out from M.i. like a bell into the meso- and endocuticle. 2. The trough-shaped upper chamber is covered by a membrane 0.25 μm thick (outer membrane of the slit = M.a.). The main component of this membrane resembles the “dense layer” of the epicuticle. 3. The slit is innervated by two dendrites. One of them ends close to M.i. The other passes through an opening of M.i. and runs up to M. a. 4. Both dendrites are composed of three portions markedly different in fine structure. a) The portion close to the soma contains tubules and a modest number of mitochondria. b) More distally a pronounced swelling of the dendrite follows, rich in mitochondria but lacking tubules. c) The most distal part begins with a ciliary configuration of microtubules. Its basal bodies are located in the dendritic swelling. This part does not contain any mitochondria but numerous tubules with a network of electron dense material between them. 5. Distal to their ciliary segments both dendrites are surrounded by a common sheath of high electron density. 6. Viewed from above a slight, flat, tear-shaped depression can be seen in M.a. Towards its middle the depression deepens to form a cylinder (ø 0.5 μm, depth 1 μm). The end of the longer dendrite penetrates the floor of this cylinder and projects like a finger into its interior. About 0.7 μm proximal and distal to the dendrite — M.a. junction, electron dense material accumulates around and within the dendrite (tubular body). 7. Two sheath cells surround both dendrites in common. The inner cell terminates at the level of the ciliary structure. The outer cell continues more distally towards M.i. The apical part of the outer sheath cell forms a large invagination bordered by a microvillous cell membrane and an extracellular layer of medium electron density. A substance very similar or identical with that of the layer is found deeper within the leg in a spaceous lacunar system formed by further cell invaginations and extended extracellular gaps. 8. The fine structure of the input apparatus of a small single slit on the tarsus and the compound lyriform organ on the metatarsus is essentially the same as that of the large single tarsal slit.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 113 (1971), S. 420-440 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Crayfish ; Hepatopancreas ; Cell differentiation ; Digestion ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The ultrastructure of R-, F-, and B-cells and of the myoepithelial network in crayfish hepatopancreas tubules was studied as a basis for the functional interpretation of hepatopancreatic digestive activity: 1. R-cells absorb luminal nutrients, mainly via contact digestion and molecular transport, and they store and metabolize glycogen and lipids. To this extent, R-cells combine the functions of vertebrate intestinal absorptive and hepatic parenchymal cells. 2. F-cells synthesize digestive enzymes and sequester them in a supranuclear vacuole which enlarges by pinocytic intake of luminal nutrients and fluids. 3. F-cell to B-cell transformation results from continued engorgement of the F-cell's supranuclear vacuole until only the nuclear region and a pinocytically activeapical complex remain identifiable. 4. B-cell secretion involves pinching off of the apical complex followed by extrusion of the enzyme-rich vacuolar contents. 5. The tubule's myoepithelial network consists of circular fibers, each containing a single myofibril, which branch to form longitudinal fibers. Sarcomeres are long (10–12 μ) and each thick myofilament is surrounded by 11–13 thin ones. This arrangement permits coordinated, tonic contractions of tubule segments which transport nutrients “in” and enzymes “out”. 6. Neurosecretory control of tubular function is suggested by the presence of vesicle-containing, extratubular cell processes which contact the circular muscle fibers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 115 (1971), S. 524-542 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Spleen ; Rat-Marginal sinus ; Reticuloendothelial system ; Lysosomes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In the rat spleen cells are found staining with aldehyde fuchsin (AF-cells). Most of these cells are localized at the periphery of the follicles, at the inner border of the marginal sinus. They probably develop in situ. Comparable cells occur in other lymphoid organs. They are able to phagocytize, and resemble also histochemically red pulp macrophages. The aldehydefuchsinophilic granules do not stain for mucopolysaccharides. On the ultrastructural level the aldehydefuchsinophilic granules are represented by cytoplasmic bodies with a faintly granulated matrix. Because of their single membrane and the varying positive reaction on acid phosphatase these bodies are considered to be secondary lysosomes or residual bodies. They contain different materials of unknown endogenous origin. In non-immunized animals the AF-cells fail to show the characteristic dendritic protrusions and infoldings of antigen trapping cells. The cells possess some characteristics of reticular cells e.g. association with reticulin, and electron dense patches on the innerside of the cell membrane at the contact areas. They can be classified among the phagocytic reticular cells forming part of the metalophilic cells in the spleen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 118 (1971), S. 283-296 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Blood platelets ; Lysosomes ; Acid phosphatase ; Aggregation ; Cell fractionation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Aufgrund biophysikalischer, biochemischer und ultrastruktureller Eigenschaften lassen sich in intakten oder fraktionierten Blutplättchen von Mensch und Schwein verschiedene Funktionstypen von alpha-Granulomer unterscheiden. Ein elektronen dichter, oft Mikrotubuli aufweisender Typ ist durch Zentrifugation von einem helleren mit fibrillärer Streifung abzusetzen. Außerdem läßt sich eine Fraktion vesikulärer Strukturen darstellen. Bei biochemischer Analyse ist die Hauptmenge der lysosomalen Hydrolasen Cathepsin und beta-Glucuronidase mit dem weniger dichten Typ der alpha-Granula vergesellschaftet, während sich der Hauptteil der sauren Phosphatase in der Vesikelfraktion befindet. Zytotopochemisch erscheint dieses Enzym immer strukturgebunden, sowohl an beiden Typen von alpha-Granula, als auch in den Vesikeln. Das Vesikelsystem spielt bei der Stoffaufnahme in Plättchen eine Rolle und wird auch als gamma-Granulomer, surface connected system oder canaliculäres System bezeichnet. Bei der Degranulation der Plättchen wird — wie die Enzymlokalisation in diesem Falle zeigt — Granulainhalt über das vesikuläre System in das Außenmedium abgegeben. Saure Phosphatase kann auch in Phagozytosevakuolen nachgewiesen werden. Elektronenoptisch läßt sich der Übergang von alpha-Granula in vesikuläre Strukturen erkennen. Die Befunde zeigen, daß zwischen alpha-Granula und Vesikelsystem enge Beziehungen bestehen. Zusammen bilden sie eine funktionelle Einheit, die neben der Stoffaufnahme auch die Funktion der Abgabe von Substanzen aus den Plättchen erfüllt. Schließlich findet die Digestion aufgenommener Stoffe dort statt.
    Notizen: Summary Biochemical and ultrastructural findings from intact and fractionated pig and human blood platelets indicate the presence of different types of alpha granules. An electron dense type can be distinguished from a lighter one with a fibrillar matrix. The major part of the lysosomal hydrolases beta-glucuronidase and cathepsin is associated with the lighter granules. Most of the acid phosphatase appears in the vesicle fraction. The ultracytochemical investigation shows the acid phosphatase bound to both types of granules or vesicles. This enzyme is visible in the narrow spaces between the outer membranes of aggregated thrombocytes. Furthermore, there can be seen the transformation of alpha granules into vesicles and vesicles, which contain acid phosphatase releasing their contents into the extracellular medium. Thus the significance of the vesicle system for the release of substances out of the platelet seems to be proved. From this point of view the different types could be considered as alpha granules in different functional stages.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 119 (1971), S. 295-308 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Fine structure ; Neuroglia ; Nervous system ; Polychaetes ; Cell junctions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The principal supportive elements of the nereid central nervous system are non-neuronal cells that are referred to as supportive glia. Supportive glial cells form a conspicuous cortex in the nerve cord. The inner region of this cortex consists of closely packed processes and cell bodies of fibrous supportive glial cells that are arranged in concentric layers around the perimeter of the neuropile. The fibrous appearance of the glial cells results from dense bundles of cytoplasmic filaments. Many fibrous glial processes penetrate the neuropile and ramify among the neuronal elements. Larger, irregularly shaped cells are the chief supportive glial elements of the peripheral region of the cortex where they line the stromal sheath (neural lamella) and invest the neuronal perikarya with extensive concentric systems of lamellate processes. These glial cells usually possess a relatively undifferentiated cytoplasm with scattered glycogen granules, but occasionally have a well developed Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum and densely packed particulate glycogen. The supportive glia exhibits numerous desmosomes as well as 5-layered (“tight”) and 7-layered (“gap”) junctions. Interspersed among the supportive glial cells are non-neuronal cells referred to as granulocytes. These cells have abundant large, granular inclusions, electron lucent vesicles, plasmalemmal infoldings and microtubules. The granulocytes may be derived from undifferentiated glial cells or may represent coelomocytes that have invaded the nervous tissue.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 122 (1971), S. 111-121 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Salivary gland ; Octopods ; Epithelium ; Cell types ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The posterior salivary gland of Octopods comprises a parenchyma of branching tubules in a connective tissue stroma. The tubules are lined by either of two distinct epithelia.Type A is composed predominantly of columnar cells containing large granules whose contents vary in appearance from cell to cell.Type B consists of three cell types: A circumferential layer of processes ofstriated cells containing radially orientated infoldings of the cellular membrane, between which are packed numerous mitochondria;cistern cells which contain an invaginated system of membrane loops, the interior of which is in communication with the lumen; andlumen lining cells. All these cells send processes to the basement membrane of the tubule, so that both epithelia are pseudostratified. The functional significance of this cytological specialisation is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 123 (1972), S. 121-152 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Colloblasts ; Tentacles ; Ctenophore ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung der Tentakel und der Colloblasten der Ctenophore Pleurobrachia pileus ergab: 1. Die in Mesogloea eingelagerte glatte Muskulatur des Tentakels und der Fangfäden wird von einer perimuskulären Zone umgeben, die durch eine einschichtige Lage abgeplatteter Zellen (Deckschicht) nach außen begrenzt wird. Durch diese Zone, die freie Zellen und sulfathaltige Mukosubstanzen enthält, verlaufen die Stiele der Colloblasten. Ihr peripherer Abschnitt tritt durch interzelluläre Lücken in der Deckschicht hindurch und setzt sich in den Kopf des Colloblasten fort. Die kalottenförmigen Köpfe der Colloblasten liegen auf der Außenfläche der Deckschicht und werden von Cytoplasmalamellen ihrer Zellen umfaßt. Inmitten des Tentakels befindet sich ein axialer Gewebsstrang, der wahrscheinlich Nervenfasern enthält. 2. Als elektronenmikroskopisches Äquivalent der sulfathaltigen Mukosubstanzen in der perimuskulären Zone werden reichlich vorkommende Blasen angesehen, die von Zellen der Deckschicht abgegeben werden. Diese Substanzen dürften zur Plastizität der perimuskulären Zone beitragen und damit Verschiebungen der Muskelstränge gegen die sie umhüllende Deckschicht begünstigen. 3. Der Colloblast ist eine gestielte Zelle mit rübenförmigem Kern, die in der Oberfläche des Tentakels verankert ist. Die Achse ihres Stiels bildet ein Tubus, an dessen basales Ende sich eine massendichte, an eine Lampenbürste erinnernde Wurzel anschließt. Die Lichtung des Tubus enthält eine vermutlich halbflüssige Substanz. Der Tubus wird von einem Cytoplasmamantel umschlossen, aus dem sich eine Gruppe parallelisierter, longitudinal verlaufender Leisten erhebt. Diese Leisten umziehen den Stiel als langgestreckte Spirale und gehen an der Basis des Colloblastenkopfes in dessen Cytoplasma über. Ebenso stehen sie mit dem die Wurzel enthaltenden Cytoplasmakeil in kontinuierlichem Zusammenhang. Dieser Keil senkt sich in die Mesogloea der Tentakeloberfläche ein. Die Frage, ob die Stiele der Colloblasten kontraktil sind, muß in Untersuchungen am lebenden oder überlebenden Objekt geprüft werden. Anhaltspunkte für die Existenz von Strukturen im Colloblastenstiel, die als Substrat einer Kontraktilität angesehen werden können, wurden nicht gewonnen. 4. Unmittelbar unter dem Plasmalemm des Colloblastenkopfes liegen im Halbkreis angeordnete Sekretkugeln, die durch je einen Radius mit einem zentralen massendichten Sternkörper in Verbindung stehen. Dieser Sternkörper bildet die Fortsetzung der Wand des Tubusabschnittes, der in die Kalottenbasis eingebettet ist. Dem Sternkörper und dem Tubus lagert der Zellkern eng an. Weite Strecken seiner Oberfläche werden nicht von einer Kernmembran umschlossen. Das Cytoplasma des Colloblastenkopfes enthält wenige Mitochondrien (Cristatypus), einige Membranen des rauhen endoplasmatischen Retikulums und des Golgi-apparates, einzelne zarte Filamente und Vesikel verschiedenen Inhalts. 5. Die von einer Membran umhüllten Sekretkugeln (Globuli, Durchmesser durchschnittlich 0.9mμ) des Colloblastenkopfes stehen zu den stempelartig verbreiterten Enden der Radii des Sternkörpers regelmäßig in enger räumlicher Beziehung. Zwischen ihrer Membran und der Stempelfläche breitet sich eine dünne, anscheinend aus kurzen Stäbchen aufgebaute Platte aus; ihr pflegt eine Verdichtung der Globulisubstanz gegenüber zu liegen. In dem gleichmäßig granulierten Inhalt der Kugeln bildet sich eine weitere Schale parallel zur Kugeloberfläche aus. Das Plasmalemm des Colloblasten trägt im Bereich der Sekretkugeln einen niedrigen zarten Härchenbesatz. 6. In schalenartigen Vertiefungen in der Oberfläche des Colloblastenkopfes liegen Vesikel (Durchmesser 0.8–0.9 mμ), deren Inhalt aus teils homogenem, sehr massendichtem, teils feinkörnig strukturiertem Material besteht. Es wird angenommen, daß die Umwandlung des Inhalts der Sekretkugeln und ihre Extrusion rasch abläuft, da Stadien einer allmählichen Reifung der Sekretkugeln nicht beobachtet wurden. Der Inhalt der Vesikel wird — wahrscheinlich bei der Berührung mit der Beute — durch Platzen ihrer Membranen freigesetzt. 7. Ein Teil der Zellen der Deckschicht ist durch einen Stiel der beschriebenen Bauweise mit der Tentakeloberfläche verbunden und trägt die ultrastrukturellen Merkmale einer Stoffproduktion. In ihnen liegen kugelige Vesikel verschiedener Größe, die einen mäßig dichten homogenen Inhalt beherbergen. Gestielte Zellen der Deckschicht, die derartige Einschlüsse aufweisen, werden als Procolloblasten gedeutet. Die nicht gestielten Zellen der Deckschicht enthalten teils kleinere, teils größere Blasen, die offenbar in die perimuskuläre Zone abgegeben werden; sie werden als Produzenten der hier nachweisbaren sulfathaltigen Mukosubstanzen aufgefaßt. 8. Die unmittelbare Umgebung des Wurzelkeils des Colloblastenstiels ist durch lange, spiralig gewundene, aus Filamenten aufgebaute Fasersträhnen mit der Oberfläche der glatten Muskelzellen verbunden. Als Ort der Insertion und der Entstehung dieser Strähnen werden die zahlreichen zackenartigen Fortsätze angesehen, die sich aus der Oberfläche der Myozyten in die intermuskuläre Mesogloea erheben. 9. Jede Muskelzelle des Tentakels und seiner Fangfäden ist mit einem Tubuluskomplex ausgestattet, der unmittelbar unter ihrem Plasmalemm liegt und mit Mitochondrien vergesellschaftet ist. 10. Das verbreitete Schema des Colloblasten von Komai (z.B. Hyman, 1940; Barnes, 1963; Kaestner, 1969; Grassé, Poisson und Tuzet, 1970) muß auf Grund der mitgeteilten Befunde aufgegeben werden.
    Notizen: Summary Tentacles and colloblasts of the Ctenophore Pleurobrachia pileus have been investigated light- and electron microscopically. Among others the results are as follows: 1. The smooth muscle cells of the tentacle and its branches are embedded in mesogloea and surrounded by a perimuscular zone bounded by a layer of flat covering cells. This zone contains the stalks of the colloblasts, free cells and sulfated mucosubstances. The nucleus containing part of the stalk passes through intercellular gaps between the covering cells. Cytoplasmic lamellae of the latter embrace the head of the colloblasts which are attached to the outer surface of the covering layer. The axis of the tentacle and its branches consist of a strand of tissue which presumably contains nerve fibres. 2. Balloon-like vesicles which originate from the covering cells are considered to represent the electron microscopical equivalent of the mucosubstances occurring in the perimuscular zone. These substances might favour any gliding movements of the muscular stem against the surrounding covering cell layer. 3. Colloblasts are cells with an elongated turnip-shaped nucleus and are provided with a stalk anchored in the surface of the tentacles. The axis of the stalk contains a tube of almost constant diameter the basis of which is in continuity with an electron dense radix situated in a wedge-shaped cytoplasmic area. The tube filled with a possibly semifluid material is wrapped by a cytoplasmic sheath. This sheath extends into parallelized longitudinally orientated and slightly spiralized cristae. These cristae are in continuity with the perikaryon of the colloblast and with the cytoplasmic wedge containing the radix. The question whether the colloblast stalks are contractile or not deserves further in vivo observations. Structures commonly considered to be responsible for their contractility have not been found. 4. Immediately below the plasmalemma of the colloblasts' heads secretory globules are situated in regular order which are connected by electron dense radii with a central core—both radii and core, forming a star-shaped body. This body is in continuity with that part of the wall of the tube which is embedded in the cytoplasm of the head. The elongated nucleus of the colloblast is closely attached to the core of the star-shaped body and to the intracellular tube. A special feature of the nucleus is its lack of a nuclear membrane over great parts of its surface. The cytoplasm of the head contains a few mitochondria (crista-type), a small amount of rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, isolated filaments and vesicles of various contents. 5. The membrane bounded secretory globules (diameter approx. 0.9 mμ) in the head of the colloblast are regularly connected with stamp-shaped endings of the radii of the star-shaped body. Between the membrane of the globules and the feet of the radius a disc is intercalated which apparently consists of small rods. Within the evenly granulated material of the globule a second membrane or parts of it are to be observed. The plasmalemma of the colloblast covering the globules bears a coat of tiny bristles. 6. Indentations of the surface of the head contain vesicles (diameter approx. 0.8–0.9mμ) the content of which is partly homogenous and electron dense, partly fine granular. It is assumed that the transformation of the intraglobular material into the characteristic contents of these vesicles and their extrusion happens rapidly; phases of a slow maturation of the secretory globules have not been observed. It is further suggested that the material enveloped by the membranes of the vesicles—its nature still being unknown—is released by rupture of the membrane, if the colloblast contacts any prey of the animal. 7. Some cells of the covering layer reach the surface of the tentacle by a stalk exhibiting the structure already described. The ultrastructure of these cells is characteristic of secretory elements. Their cytoplasm contains spheroidal vesicles of different sizes filled with material of medium electron density. These cells are tentatively named Procolloblasts. The majority of the covering cells contains numerous vesicles, partly balloon-like, and releases these particles into the perimuscular zone. These materials are interpreted as to represent sulfated mucosubstances. 8. In the vicinity of the radix very long helical fibres occur regularly, built up by fine filaments. These curl-like fibres are connected with the protrusions of the muscle cells. Possibly these processes are the site of origin of the curls. 9. Each muscle cell is provided with a so-called tubular complex in its peripheral cytoplasm, associated with mitochondria. 10. The wide-spread scheme of the Colloblast presented by Komai (1922) and reproduced in a series of textbooks has to be abandoned.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Chemoreceptor ; Locusta ; Fine structure ; Development ; Moulting
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The basic structure of the terminal sensilla of Locusta migratoria resembles that of Schistocerca gregaria. There are commonly six or ten neurons whose dendrites extend almost to the opening of the peg. Proximally the dendrites are clothed by a neurilemma cell which also encloses a basal cavity through which their ciliary region passes. The tormogen cell encloses the receptor-lymph cavity and actively secretes material into it. The receptor-lymph cavity and the basal cavity are quite separate. The development of new pegs at a moult is described. After apolysis the scolopale extends across the subcuticular space and protects the dendrites, which remain in a functional condition until shortly before ecdysis. As the trichogen cell grows out to form a new peg the tip is surrounded by a mass of electron-dense material, probably derived from the receptorlymph cavity. The function of this material is unknown. Regeneration of the dendrites is considered. The possible mechanism by which the tip of the peg opens and closes is considered and the general structure of the organule is discussed in relation to functioning.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 122 (1971), S. 160-171 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Tentacles ; Polychaetes ; Sensory cells ; Sensory innervation ; Cilia ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Following observation of conical groups of stiff, but motile cilia on the tentacles of the branchial crown of Sabella pavonina, these were examined with the electron microscope. The bundles consist of about 40 unenclosed “standard” cilia supported by one or two primary sense cells with centrally directed axons of 0.1–0.2 μ diameter. Axons in the distal portions of the branchial crown occur in small bundles surrounded by a basement membrane. More centrally, glial elements appear and the nerves are surrounded by a collagenous sheath. The branchial nerve trunk shows similarities in organisation to other previously investigated annelid central nervous tissue in that the whole nerve is surrounded by a fibrous sheath central to which there is a layer of glial cells with processes penetrating a central neuropile. The 0.1–0.2 μ axons commonly occur in glial-enveloped groups of 〈 40 whilst other axons of larger and mixed diameter are found together. Each tentacle has two branchial nerves on the oral side, and each nerve gives rise to two small 75-axon branches running to each pinnule. The branchial nerves fuse to form the branchial nerve trunk running to the supra-oesophageal ganglia. Sections of the branchial nerves of the branchial crown at progressively more central levels show that the branchial nerve trunk contains enough axons of 0.1–0.2 μ diameter to account for all the sensory cells on the tentacles. This is taken as evidence for the sensory cells having axons terminating within the central nervous system and that there is no peripheral confluence or fusion of these afferent axons.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 131 (1972), S. 27-30 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Atrial muscle ; Fine structure ; Triparanol
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The atrial musculature of rats given the cholesterol inhibitor triparanol (MER/29) (250 mg/kg daily) for 8 days was examined under the electron microscope and compared with that from untreated animals. The sarcoplasmic core of muscle fibers from animals given triparanol exhibited a new formation of sarcoplasmic granules which displayed a crystalline latticework with opaque lines approximately 40–60 Å separated by clear spaces 50–70 Å. They were partially or completely surrounded by a membrane. The crystalline bodies in cardiac muscle fibers were not as numerous as those observed in adrenocortical, testicular interstitial, or luteal cells as reported earlier by the investigators.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 131 (1972), S. 519-528 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Cardiac innervation ; Teleosts ; Acetylcholinesterase ; Fine structure ; Histochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The innervation of the heart of the plaice has been studied ultrastructurally and histochemically in order to describe the anatomy, and the nature of the neuro-transmitters involved in the regulation of the heart. A single cardiac branch of the vagus runs over the Duct of Cuvier and sinus venosus where it forms a plexus extending into the sinoatrial region. Many ganglion cells are scattered throughout this plexus upon which are seen cholinergic-type terminals at which AChE can be localised. It is therefore concluded that this is the parasympathetic cardiac ganglion. The innervation of the atrium is dense at the sinoatrial end but decreases towards the ventricle. The ventricle is probably aneural, possibly a consequence of the lack of a coronary blood supply to act as a pathway for an innervation of this chamber. Most of the intramural axon profiles contain large numbers of small agranular vesicles and are cholinergic, AChE being localised at their membranes. Other profiles contain small numbers of larger granular vesicles amongst the agranular vesicles but these are not adrenergic since these vesicles are not depleted by reserpine, do not load with 6-OHDA, and AChE can be localised at the membranes of the profiles. No adrenergic-type profiles were seen in any part of the heart, nor were any fluorescent, catecholamine-containing fibres observed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 133 (1972), S. 119-130 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Renal tubules ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Fine structure ; Localization of adenosine triphosphatase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie behandelt die Lokalisation von Adenosintriphosphatase an den Feinstrukturen der Malpighischen Gefäße der Larven von Drosophila melanogaster. In den Zellen des Anfangs- und Hauptstückes zeigt sich zum Lumen hin eine Aktivitätszunahme des Enzyms. Es kommt nicht frei im Cytoplasma vor, sondern ist stets an Membranstrukturen gebunden; man findet es am basalen Plasmalemm mit seinen Einfaltungen, am endoplasmatischen Retikulum, an Vesikeln, in multivesikulären Körpern und — besonders deutlich — an den Membranen der Mikrovilli, die in das Gefäßlumen hineinragen. Die Ergebnisse werden in einem Schema (Abb. 5b, c) wiedergegeben und mit den Befunden der Na+-Lokalisation (Wessing und Eichelberg, 1972b) verglichen.
    Notizen: Summary This paper describes the localization of adenosine triphosphatase within certain ultrastructural elements of the cells of the initial and main regions of the Malpighian tubules of Drosophila melanogaster larvae. In both regions, an increased activity is observed towards the lumen. The enzyme is always related to such membrane structures as the basement membrane (especially its infolds), vesicles, multivesicular bodies, and densely to microvilli which projects towards the lumen of the renal tubules. The results (presented in a schematic drawing in Fig. 5b and c) are discussed in relation to those on Na+-localization (Wessing and Eichelberg, 1972b).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 132 (1972), S. 403-416 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Larval cuticle ; Blaberus trapezoideus ; Fine structure ; Epicuticle ; Pore and wax canals ; Stereoscan
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die Feinstruktur der frischgehäuteten larvalen Cuticula vonBlaberus trapezoideus BURM. wurde mit verschiedenen elektronenmikroskopischen Methoden im Hinblick auf ihre Permeabilitätseigenschaften untersucht. Von besonderem Interesse waren in diesem Zusammenhang der Aufbau der Epicuticula sowie der Verlauf und die Verteilung der Poren- und Wachskanäle. Die Epicuticula setzt sich aus 4 Lagen zusammen: aus der im vorliegenden Fall lamelliertendichten Schicht, derCuticulinschicht, derWachsschicht und derZementschicht. Die Cuticulinschicht, die ein polygonales Oberflächenmuster trägt, wird von den Wachskanälen durchdrungen. Die Wachskanäle entspringen im apikalen Bereich der Procuticula aus den Porenkanälen. Letztere verlaufen bogenförmig durch die procuticulären Lamellen bis zur Epidermis. Die möglichen Funktionen dieses Kanalsystems, das Epidermis und Außenwelt verbindet, werden diskutiert.
    Notizen: Summary The fine structure of newly moulted larval cuticles ofBlaberus trapezoideus BURM. was investigated by various electron microscopical techniques in regard to properties of its permeability. The morphology of the epieuticle and pore and wax canals as well as their course and distribution were elucidated. The epicuticle is composed of four layers: (1) the lamellate dense layer, (2) the cuticulin layer, (3) the wax layer, and (4) the cement layer. The cuticulin layer, which shows a polygonal surface pattern, is penetrated by the wax canals arising from the blind ends of the pore canals in the apical region of the procuticle. The pore canals take a winding course through the procuticular lamellae to the epidermis. The functions of this canal system connecting, the internal and external faces of the cuticle are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 135 (1972), S. 211-228 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Osteoclasts ; Rats ; Bone resorption ; Lysosomes ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Osteoclasts in metaphyses from young rats were systematically sectioned at different levels. Two types of osteoclasts were recognized. One type had no ruffled border while the other, and predominant type contained a ruffled border in a part of its length; some of the latter contained two ruffled borders. The closest contact between osteoclast and bone occurred at the level of the ruffled border and this bone under the border showed characteristic changes indicative of resorption. In some osteoclasts the ruffled border consisted of numerous slender cytoplasmic projections separated by very narrow spaces or channels while in other osteoclasts it was more open. The ruffled border was commonly surrounded by a transitional zone containing numerous thin filaments. The osteoclast usually had its greatest dimension at the level of the ruffled border and the cytoplasm here contained many bodies and vacuoles but a sparse endoplasmic reticulum. Away from the level of the ruffled border the cytoplasmic vacuoles and bodies were fewer while the endoplasmic reticulum was often more pronounced. Parts of the osteoclasts were usually situated close to a vessel. It is suggested that there is a correlation between the development of the ruffled border and the degree of bone resorption and that osteoclasts without a ruffled border are, at least temporarily, inactive with respect to bone resorption. The numerous cytoplasmic bodies, interpreted as lysosomes, are presumed to be important in the resorption process. The closely adjacent positioning of osteoclasts and vessels may facilitate the transport of resorption products to the blood.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 148 (1974), S. 301-308 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Fine structure ; Lime sacs ; Anura ; Calcium transport
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A histochemical and electron microscopical study was conducted on the lime sacs of larval and adult Rana catesbiana. Both undecalcified and EDTA-decalcified material was analyzed. The follicles of the lime sacs contain numerous aragonite crystals and are lined by a cuboidal epithelium. The epithelial cells contain granules of a material identified histochemically as acid mucopolysaccharide. Crystals similar to those present in the lumen of the follicles were also found inside the epithelial cells. These cells possess nuclei with coarsely distributed chromatin, many mitochondria, free ribosomes, well developed Golgi complexes and a few profiles of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Numerous variously electron dense granules seem to correspond to those characterized histochemically as mucopolysaccharides. Large, intracellular vacuoles appear to contain crystals. Release of the crystals into the lumen seems to occur by apocrine secretion. Resorption of calcium from the lumen probably takes place by diffusion through the apical plasma membrane as indicated by the presence of numerous microvilli. The intercellular spaces contain numerous, thin, interdigitating processes from neighbouring cells and appear to be sealed at both ends by junctional complexes. This observation is discussed in relation to the idea that the intercellular spaces might be related to the transit of calcium from the epithelial cells towards the sub-epithelial capillaries.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 151 (1974), S. 259-268 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pigmentation ; Axolotls ; Fine structure ; Iridophores ; Xanthophores
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The ultrastructure of wild type axolotl xanthophores and iridophores was compared with that of cells at the same location in mutant axolotls lacking these chromatophores. The xanthophores of wild type axolotls contain ovoid pterinosomes that are empty or contain a few small vesicles of fibers. In skin from axanthic animals cells that may be xanthoblasts are present at the location in which xanthophores occur in wild type skin; pterinosome-like granules are absent. In wild type peritoneum, long, narrow organelles that appear to be developing reflecting platelets were seen within iridophores. Neither of the axolotl mutants that lack iridophores, axanthic and melanoid, contain these “prereflecting” platelets. In contrast with the absence of prepigment organelles in these two mutants, albino integument contains cells filled with granules identified as premelanosomes. The defects in chromatophore development of the axanthic and melanoid mutants seem to occur prior to formation of prepigment organelles.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 153 (1974), S. 327-337 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Olfactory receptor ; Sensillum ; Mosquito ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The grooved pegs also referred to in the literature as type A3 setae, thornshaped hairs, pegs, and sensilla basiconica of female Aedes aegypti (L.) are described. Externally the sensillum appears as a short, thick-walled, non-articulated peg with usually 12 grooves in the wall and bearing one terminal pore. Usually three, occasionally four or five, neurons with unbranched dendrites innervate each peg. The dendrites are encased in a prominent cuticular sheath from the ciliary region to the tip of the peg. Three sheath cells are associated with each sensillum. Although the grooved pegs have the structure commonly associated with contact chemoreceptors they function exclusively in the reception of air-borne stimuli.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 155 (1974), S. 455-473 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Lysosomes ; Liver ; Ageing ; Exocytosis ; Thorotrast ; Electron microscopy, Morphometry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Lysosomes in mouse liver parenchymal cells have been marked by intravenous injection of Thorotrast. They were subsequently followed in a time sequence from five hours up to sixteen weeks after injection. At two days after injection the majority of the lysosomes was heavily loaded with marker particles, while endocytosis was no longer observed. From six days after injection Thorotrast was partly accumulated in very large lysosomes (conglomerates) with mean diameters up to 2.5 μm. As the time after injection advanced the Thorotrast content of the cells was reduced while most of the remaining marker substance became concentrated in the conglomerates. Many Thorotrast conglomerates were shown to contain acid phosphatase and some of them were able to fuse with functionally younger lysosomes which were marked with colloidal gold. Morphometric analysis showed an increase in the volume density of the dense body population between 0 and 2 days after injection, followed by a decrease between 2 and 11 days. The observed decrease is probably caused by exocytosis of the contents of Thorotrast containing lysosomes in bile capillaries.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 23
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Avian follicles ; Oocytes ; Transosomes ; Lysosomes ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Electron microscopy has been utilized to determine fates of sacs of ribosomes (variously termed “transosomes”, “unique organelles”, or “lining bodies”) formed in the follicular cells of avian follicles and subsequently entering-or being taken in-by the oocytes. Small follicles (0.5 mm diameter) of laying hens, a hen afflicted with Marek's disease and prelaying pullets were examined in this regard. In the case of the hen with Marek's disease and the prelaying pullets, sacs of ribosomes were found to be present within the oocyte but those present in the interior of the cell were in the form of digestive vacuoles. In a fourth group of hens, receiving actinomycin D, larger oocytes (2.0 mm diameter) exhibited breakdown of the membranous vesicles in which the sacs of ribosomes entered the oocyte, as well as dissolution of membranes surrounding the forming yolk granules and the membranes of coated vesicles. Annulate lamellae were present in oocytes of the hen afflicted with Marek's disease and appeared within at least 24 hours in oocytes from hens receiving actinomycin D.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 152 (1974), S. 185-191 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Laryngeal muscles ; Female tree frog, Hyla arborea arborea (L.) ; Fine structure ; Motor endplates ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The larynx musculature of female tree frogs is very poorly developed compared with that of males. This is probably due to the fact that they are less used; female tree frogs do not produce mating calls. The larynx muscles of the female are composed of fibers with small, medium, and large cross-sections. The distribution of the motor end plates varies correspondingly: in regions with fibers of very small diameter the density of synapses is about 33 times greater than in regions with large fibers. There is also a difference in fine structure between male and female laryngeal muscles. The muscles of females comprise red fibers, white fibers, and various transitional types. The arrangement of the triads and their number per sarcomere is the same in all fiber types. All fibers contain about the same amounts of glycogen, but the fat content varies widely among the different types.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 154 (1974), S. 265-274 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Cell autolysis ; Deletion ; Planaria ; Acid phosphatase ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Selective cell autolysis and deletion is described in the normal adult planarian. This appears to be a common feature and the sequence of events leading from cytoplasmic vesiculation and peripheral lysis to complete cellular breakdown is described. — In lysing cells acid phosphatase activity can be demonstrated in the cytoplasm as well as in lysosome like vacuoles and occasionally in the Golgi apparatus. The role of cell autolysis and deletion in tissue regulation is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 154 (1974), S. 379-398 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Photoreceptors ; Polychaete ; Submicrovillar cisternae ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The prostomium of Eulalia viridis has both microvillar and ciliary photoreceptors. The compound eyes each consist of a central lens surrounded by a layer of sensory and pigment cells. They resemble those of nereids, except that the lens is composed of vesiculated droplets produced by a specialized lenticular cell located in the cell layer surrounding the lens. Photoreceptoral microvilli of the sensory cell outer segments are underlain by “submicrovillar cisternae” (or SMC). The axial filament is ensheathed by part of the SMC complex. The sensory cells of the posterior photoreceptors are similar in cytology to those of the compound eyes but are not organized into “eyes”. Each ciliary photoreceptor unit consists of an extracellular vacuole bounded by a supporting cell and the ciliated terminal of a sensory cell dendrite which projects into the vacuole. They are similar to the ciliary photoreceptors of nereids. The discussion seeks to establish SMC as an important component of microvillar photoreceptors in polychaetes. SMC resemble subrhabdomeric cisternae of arthropod eyes and also lamellate structures found in photoreceptors of other animals. SMC are probably involved with the metabolism of photopigment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 27
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Infracerebral complex ; Polychaeta, Nereidae ; Neurosecretion ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The infracerebral complex consists of: (a) two types of ependymoid infracerebral cells located on the ventral surface of the brain, adjacent to a coelomic sinus and blood vessels; (b) a noncellular stroma, the neural lamella, which separates the infracerebral cells from cerebral nervous tissue; (c) two types of cerebral neurosecretory endings (one with many mitochondria) which abut on the neural lamella opposite from the infracerebral cells. The infracerebral a cells become columnar and develop abundant apical caveolae and Golgi elements in older worms. The infracerebral b cells, filled with electron opaque granules, resemble neurosecretory cells; their axon-like processes contain microtubules and make synaptoid contacts with the neural lamella. Both cell types are present in young worms of about 10 segments but the b cells, relatively abundant in younger worms, are outnumbered by a cells in mature individuals. However, during reproductive development neither a nor b cells display any structural changes which would indicate that they represent glandular tissue. Basal processes originating both from a and b cells form entanglements which become progressively more intricate during maturation. Neurosecretory endings are present in 10-segment worms and become very numerous in mature worms but at no time do they penetrate the neural lamella and contact the infracerebral cells. It is unlikely that the infracerebral cells per se constitute a gland but they are strategically located to influence the release of hormones from neurosecretory endings.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 112 (1971), S. 247-265 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Parafollicular cells (C-cells) ; Secretory cycle ; Ca-Metabolism ; Lysosomes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die parafollikulären Zellen der Rattenschilddrüse zeigen eine vom jeweiligen Funktionszustand abhängige Feinstruktur: 1. Zellen mit zahlreichen Granula, einem ausgeprägten Golgi-Apparat, gering entwickeltem granuliertem endoplasmatischem Retikulum und manchmal einigen dichten Körpern mit myelinähnlichen Figuren. 2. Zellen mit wenigen Granula und einem stark entwickelten endoplasmatischen Retikulum mit erweiterten Zisternen; diese Zellen können das Lumen des Follikels erreichen. 3. Einige degranulierte Zellen. — In den Schilddrüsen-Follikeln des Hundes konnten wir nur die ersten beiden Zellformen, aber keine degranulierten parafollikulären Zellen beobachten. Nach Ca++-Injektion findet man als Zeichen der Funktionsabhängigkeit der Feinstruktur eine Zunahme der Zellen mit stark entwickeltem endoplasmatischem Retikulum und nur geringer Granulation. Die dichten Körper mit myelinähnlichen Figuren zeigen saure Phosphataseaktivität. Es handelt sich deshalb wahrscheinlich um Restkörper, die aus Autolysosomen entstanden sind. Trotzdem zeigt sich nach Zufuhr von Ca++ und anschließender EDTA-Gabe keine eindeutige Zunahme der Lysosomenzahl. Zwischen follikulären und parafollikulären Zellen sind Axonanschnitte zu finden.
    Notizen: Summary The parafollicular cells of the thyroid of the rat show different fine structures most likely in relation with different functional states: 1. Some cells contain numerous secretory granules, a well developed Golgi complex, a moderately developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and some dense bodies containing myelin figures. 2. Other parafollicular cells have few granules and a strongly developed rough endoplasmic reticulum with enlarged cisternes. They sometimes reach the lumen of the follicle. 3. Finally, a few parafollicular cells appear degranulated.—In dogs the degranulated parafollicular cells could not be observed. Following administration of Ca++ ions there is an increase of cells with strongly developed endoplasmic reticulum and only few granules. The dense bodies with myelin figures show acid phosphatase activity. Most likely they are residual bodies derived from autolysosomes. However, EDTA after stimulation of the cells by Ca++ does not significantly increase the number of parafollicular cells containing autolysosomes. Axons can be found between follicular and parafollicular cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 114 (1971), S. 220-233 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Thymus ; Fine structure ; Fetus ; Primates ; Macaca mulatta
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The morphologic features of the fetal and neonatal thymus were investigated by light and electron microscopy to determine developmental changes. Primitive epithelial cells differentiate into reticular epithelial cells, medullary epithelial cells, elongated epithelial cells, Hassall's corpuscles and cysts. Thymocytes first appear at 50 days fetal age and the number of thymocytes is amplified from 75–150 days fetal age. Minor differences between the fetal thymus of the monkey and that of other species were observed. Possible functions for the various cellular components of the fetal monkey thymus are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 116 (1971), S. 464-476 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Lung ; Alveolar macrophages ; Lysosomes ; Erythrophagocytosis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Erythrophagoeytosis in vivo by cat alveolar macrophages was studied under the electron microscope by collecting the macrophages at 2 hours and 48 hours following the intratracheal injection of autologous blood. Considering the progressive ultrastructural modifications of the red blood cell plasma membrane, different successive stages were observed, corresponding to the hemolysis of the erythrocytes: 1. A recently engulfed erythrocyte appears unaltered within the phagocytic vacuole. 2. A dense layer, surrounding the plasma membrane of the red cell, is observed within the phagocytic vacuole. 3. The content of the vacuole is uniformly dense and the plasma membrane of the red cell exhibits discontinuous thickenings. 4. The whole vacuole appears very dense (hyperdense stage) and the plasma membrane is shown altered. The whole process of erythrophagocytosis is accompanied by an active fusion of the phagocytic vacuole with typical lysosomes and lysosomes containing crystal-like material. It is suggested that hemolysis may be explained in terms of enzymic digestion of the proteinic part of the plasma membrane of the erythrocyte.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 116 (1971), S. 477-486 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Lung ; Alveolar macrophage ; Lysosomes ; Erythrophagocytosis ; Heinz bodies
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The ultrastructural analysis of the in vivo erythrophagocytosis by cat alveolar macrophages demonstrates a sequence of two successive events. The first consists of the destruction of the red blood cell membrane (hemolysis). The second corresponds to digestion of hemoglobin. This process is observed as a progressive and uniform clearing of the content of the phagocytic vacuole. An active fusion of typical lysosomes and of lysosomes containing crystal-like masses with the phagocytic vacuole continues to occur. At the terminal period small dense ferritin-like granules appear within the dissolving hemoglobin. During this process the swollen fragmented erythrocyte membrane, sometimes simulating Heinz bodies, persists along with lysosomal crystal-like masses. A lamellar structure of the altered erythrocyte plasma membrane is seldom observed. A diagram summarizes the entire process of destruction of the red blood cell (hemolysis and digestion) as observed following its engulfment by a cat alveolar macrophage.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 120 (1971), S. 80-93 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Tunicate ; Neural gland ; Hypophysial homologue ; Lysosomes ; Ultrastructure ; Phosphatase localization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The cells comprising the neural gland in the ascidians Ciona, Styela, and Botryllus have been examined for their fine structural features and enzyme cytochemistry. The gland cells are either cuboidal or irregular in outline. They are full of small vesicles, of which some are pinocytotic, as well as larger vacuoles; they become increasingly vacuolated as their shape decreases in regularity. At the same time, glycogen deposits accumulate and the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum become distended. Some of the vacuoles contain an electron dense material or a fibrillar substance, but the cells contain no obvious electron opaque secretory granules associated with an extensive Golgi complex such as occur in the vertebrate adenohypophysis. Acid phosphatase is localized in some of the vesicles and vacuoles, indicating that they are a kind of lysosome, the latter possibly representing autophagic vacuoles. Thiamine pyrophosphatase is also found in many vacuoles as well as in the saccules of the Golgi apparatus which in these cells is in the form of dictyosomes. The results suggest a developmental cycle of increasing cytoplasmic vacuolation, ultimately leading to a breakdown and release of the vacuolar products. The significance of these observations is considered, particularly with respect to the hypothesis that the gland represents the ascidian equivalent of the vertebrate pituitary.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 127 (1972), S. 258-269 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Stomach ; Gland cells ; Autophagic vacuoles ; Extrusion ; Lysosomes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Autophagische Prozesse in verschiedenen Drüsenzellen des Magens neugeborener bis 8 Tage alter Mäuse wurden elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Es zeigte sich dabei, daß die intrazellulären Abbauprozesse in jeder Zellart typisch verlaufen. In den mukoiden Nebenzellen findet man große autophagische Vakuolen mit zahlreichen Mitochondrien, in denen beträchtliche Cytoplasmaregionen sequestriert sein können. Stärker abgebaute Mitochondrien liegen oft im Drüsenlumen oder in den interzellulären Räumen. Anscheinend wird der Inhalt autophagischer Vakuolen in sie ausgeschieden. Alle Zellen mit Autophagosomen enthalten gleichzeitig viele und formenreiche Lysosomen. Einige abgenutzte Zellen des mukoiden Oberflächenepithels scheinen durch Heterophagie abgebaut zu werden. In kleinen Autophagosomen dieser Zellen findet man nur einzelne Organellen. In den Belegzellen ist die Autophagie viel seltener. Typisch für die Belegzellen sind stark osmiophile multivesikuläre Körperchen, die sehr wahrscheinlich Lysosomen verkörpern. In den Hauptzellen, die erst nach der Geburt ausdifferenziert werden, trifft man nur ausnahmsweise sequestrierte Zellpartien. Die Ergebnisse werden unter Berücksichtigung von Beobachtungen anderer Autoren, die die intrazellulären Abbauprozesse analysierten, und eigener früher erzielter Resultate diskutiert.
    Notizen: Summary Autophagy in different gastric gland cells of newborn till 8 days old mice were studied electronmicroscopically. Intracellular digestion goes on in a way typical for each cell type. In the mucous neck cells, big autophagic vacuoles occur in which a large part of cytoplasm with numerous mitochondria is separated. The damaged mitochondria lie very often in the gland lumen or in the intercellular space. It seems, that the contents of autophagic vacuoles can be extruded in these places. All cells with autophagic vacuoles contain also numerous lysosomes of different shape. Some involuted mucous cells of the surface epithelium seem to be digested in a heterophagic process. Autophagy does not appear often in parietal gastric cells. The autophagosomes of these cells are small, and they contain only some organelles. Typical for these elements are osmiophilic multivesicular bodies, probably lysosomes. Chief cells, that differentiate only after birth, have autophagic vacuoles, but seldom. The results are discussed in comparison with results of other authors that worked on the problems of intracellular digestion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 124 (1972), S. 367-386 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Adrenal medulla ; Golden hamster ; Secretion ; Lysosomes ; Coated vesicles ; Fixation for electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Several different fixatives were used in order to obtain the best preservation of fine structure in the chromaffin cells of hamster adrenal medulla. The best fixative for both immersion-fixation and perfusion-fixation contained glutaraldehyde (2.5%) and formaldehyde (4%). After fixation by immersion of the gland, both “dark” and “light” cells are found, but glands fixed by perfusion contain a homogeneous population of “light” cells, which were very well preserved. The plasma membrane along the “free” surface of chromaffin cells showed a large number of omega-shaped invaginations that usually contained a dense core or fibre-like material; the extracellular dense cores were very similar to those of intact secretory granules. Rarely, the extracellular dense cores were very large and resembled the contents of a secondary lysosome. Several coated pits were found on the inner surface of each omega-shaped invagination. A prominent Golgi zone, containing many coated vesicles, is typical of these chromaffin cells. The coated vesicles are of two kinds, one with and one without electron-dense contents. Coated vesicles were frequently found in close contact with, or fused with, pro-secretory granules.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 129 (1972), S. 320-327 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Yolk platelet ; Amphibian embryo ; Fine structure ; Cell organelle
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Three heretofore undescribed types of yolk platelets are described from embryos of Xenopus laevis. The first (designated the multiple main-body platelet) is characterized by the occurrence of numerous randomly oriented small main-body crystals embedded in the noncrystalline superficial layer material. The second is characterized by the occurrence of a main-body crystal with an extremely irregular profile. The main-body element of the third platelet type (designated the cavitated main-body platelet) invariably shows little or no evidence of crystalline substructure and contains numerous internal cavities.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 135 (1972), S. 229-244 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Osteoclasts ; Vacuoles ; Lysosomes ; Bone resorption ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Cytoplasmic vacuoles and bodies in the osteoclast (rat) were studied by electron microscopy. The vacuole-like structures (0.03–5 μ in diameter) may be classed as a) vacuoles b) coated vacuoles and c) invaginations. The cytoplasmic bodies vary in size from 0.02–3 μ in diameter and these may similarly be classed as a) light cytoplasmic bodies, b) dense cytoplasmic bodies, c) coated cytoplasmic bodies and d) cytoplasmic bodies containing inclusions. Both the cytoplasmic vacuoles and the bodies are limited by a triple layered membrane of about 91 Å in thickness. Their relationship to the lysosomal system and the role of this system in the osteoclast is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 115 (1971), S. 17-29 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Color ; Feathers ; Fine structure ; Keratin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The spongy structure in medullary cells responsible for the colour of blue barbs in rump feathers of Agapornis roseicollis and back feathers of Cotinga maynana is studied with the scanning and the transmission electron microscope. The Agapornis structure is an irregular three-dimensional network of connected keratin rods which in many places form rings with outer diameters 0.25–0.3 μ. The air-filled space likewise consists of an irregular network of connected channels. The Cotinga structure consists of spherical cavities fairly evenly distributed in a keratin matrix. Earlier spectrophotometric measurements on the Agapornis structure have shown that the colour production has to be ascribed to the interference of light, not to Rayleigh (Tyndall) scattering as previously held. The optical path lengths corresponding to the outer diameter of the Agapornis rings and to the Cotinga cavities including their horny walls both are c. 0.4 μ. It is suggested that the colours are produced by the interference of light reflected from the front and rear surfaces of the rings, respectively the spherical cavities.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 116 (1971), S. 532-563 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Trypanosomatids ; Crithidia fasciculata ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary As in other trypanosomatids, the cell membrane of Crithidia fasciculata overlies a single layer of microtubules. Each microtubule possesses a large number of periodically arranged drumstick-like appendages and adjacent microtubules are joined by fibrillar connectives. Anteriorly, the microtubules gradually taper to terminate just before or just after entering the reservoir. An attempt is made to correlate microtubule tapering with maintenance of form of the truncated anterior end of the cell. Smooth and coated vesicles are proliferated from the Golgi saccules and the prominent contractile vacuole lies nearby. The single mitochondrion is extensive and expanded at one point to form a capsule for the kinetoplast. The cristae are predominantly plate-like but other configurations do occur. The cytostome, a shallow invagination of the reservoir membrane, is found between two constrictions in the reservoir wall. Supporting the cytostome are several microtubules which penetrate deeply into the cytoplasm. Ingestion of ferritin occurs by pinocytosis from the cytostome and by coated vesicle formation from the reservoir membrane. Digestion probably occurs in multivesicular bodies which contain acid phosphatase activity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 117 (1971), S. 485-501 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Osphradium ; Planorbarius ; Fine structure ; Cell types ; Function
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The osphradium of Planorbarius consists of a blindly-ending ciliated canal, formed by an infolding of the mantle epithelium, and a basal ganglion of nerve cells which is comparable in complexity with ganglia of the central nervous system. The distribution of cell types in the osphradial epithelium is specialised so that three regions can be recognised; the ciliated, the secretory and the sensory regions. The basal sensory region of the canal epithelium consists of ciliated cells and is innervated by sensory neurones of the osphradial ganglion. The middle secretory region contains mainly of mucus-secreting cells and the epithelium adjacent to the osphradial aperture of ciliated cells and secretory cells of a second type. The sensory neurones of the osphradial ganglion are bipolar or of a modified monopolar type. Other monopolar neurones, similar to those common in the central nervous system are of non-sensory function. The osphradium of Paludina, although of typical prosobranch form, possesses ciliated pits similar to the single canal of Planorbarius, which may indicate a shared modality of receptor function. A definite function cannot be ascribed to the pulmonate osphradium based on morphological evidence alone.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 118 (1971), S. 297-309 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Median ocellus ; Limulus ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The median ocellus of Limulus consists of irregular groups of large photoreceptor cells which form a cup-shaped retina around the ocellar lens. Each group is surrounded and penetrated by guanophores and glia. The photoreceptor cells have extensive rhabdomeric regions, both along infoldings of cell membranes and between cells. Five-layered junctions occur between rhabdomeric microvilli. An occasional arhabdomeric (AR) cell is associated with a group of photoreceptors. Fine dendritic branches of the AR cell penetrate the rhabdomeric regions and form five-layered junctions with photoreceptor rhabdomeres. Axons of photoreceptor cells, and of at least some AR cells, gather at the proximal side of the cup to form an optic nerve.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 122 (1971), S. 538-563 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Electric Organs ; Mormyridae ; Fine structure ; Innervation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung 1. Die drei Arten der GattungGnathonemus (Gn. petersii, moorii, stanleyanus) besitzen, wie alle Arten der Familie Mormyridae, zwei Paar elektrische Organe, die symmetrisch auf jeder Seite der Wirbelsäule zwischen der Caudal-, Dorsal- und Afterflosse liegen. Jedes Organ ist aus einer Serie von 70–170 elektrischen Platten zusammengesetzt. 2. Die Stiele der elektrischen Platten enthalten keine Nervenfortsätze. Die elektromotorischen Nervenfasern innervieren die Endanschwellung der Stiele, indem sie sich unverzweigt in einem kurzen marklosen Endabschnitt in eine Vertiefung des Elektroplasmas einfügen. 3. Die Elektroplasmamembran umgibt ohne Ausnahme die Stiele und die elektrische Platte. Sie ist sowohl auf der cranialen als auch auf der caudalen Seite der Platte tief eingebuchtet. Dadurch ist deren Oberfläche stark vergrößert. Im Inneren der Platte befindet sich quergestreifte Muskulatur. 4. Die motorischen und sensiblen Nervenfasern unterscheiden sich deutlich in ihrem Durchmesser. 5. Die Zahl der Nervenzellen in den Spinalganglien ist im elektrischen Organ um ein Mehrfaches größer als in den Segmenten der vor dem elektrischen Organ liegenden Rumpfmuskulatur. 6. Die Rekonstruktion der peripheren sensiblen Nerven eines Segments (aufgrund elektronenmikroskopischer Untersuchungen) ergibt die Tatsache, daß diese, mit Ausnahme von zwei freien Nervenendigungen in der Haut und freien Nervenendigungen im dorsalen Myoseptum, vor allem vier große Sehnen an der Seite des elektrischen Organs innervieren. 7. Die Innervationsverhältnisse des elektrischen Organs führen zu der Hypothese, daß die Sehnen im Zusammenhang mit der Funktion des elektrischen Organs sensorische Funktionen besitzen.
    Notizen: Summary 1. Three species of the genusGnathonemus (Gn. petersii, moorii andstanleyanus) as all species of the family Mormyridae possess two pairs of electric organs situated symmetrically on each side of the vertebral column between the caudal, dorsal and anal fins. Each organ is composed of a series of 70–170 electroplaques. 2. The stalks of the electroplaques contain no nerves. Unbranched motor nerve fibres innervate the end sections of the stalks by synaptic knobs inserting into cavities of the electroplasma. 3. The electroplasma membrane surrounds the stalk (also in the region where the stalk penetrates through holes in the body of the electroplaque) and the electroplaque. The membrane is deeply indented on the cranial side as well as on the caudal side of the electroplaque. Through this the surface is greatly enlarged. In the inside of the electroplaque are striated muscles. 4. The motor and sensory nerve fibres are clearly different in diameter. 5. The number of the nerve cells in the spinal ganglions is, in the electric organ, about a multiple larger than in the segments of the body muscular system situated in front of the electric organ. 6. The reconstruction of the peripheral sensory nerves of one segment (in view of electron microscopical analyses), reveals that these, with the exception of two free nerve endings in the integument and the free nerve endings in the dorsal myoseptum, mainly innervate four large tendons on the side of the electric organs. 7. The innervation of the electric organs leads to the hypothesis that the tendons, in connection with the function of the electric organs, possess sensory functions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 123 (1972), S. 411-424 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Compound eyes ; Insecta ; Stylops spec. ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Unter den Cornealinsen des Komplexauges von Stylops befindet sich ein „Kristallkegel“ vom pseudoconen Typ, der von zahlreichen Pigmentzellen umhüllt wird. An seinem proximalen Ende liegen 6 meist pigmentfreie Zellen (Sempersche Zellen). Das Ommatidium besteht aus etwa 60 Retinulazellen. Ihre distal kranzartig miteinander verbundenen Mikrovillisäume bilden ein einziges „offenes“ Rhabdom, das extrazelluläres (?) granuläres Material und die Basis der Semperschen Zellen umgibt. Stellenweise wird das Rhabdom samt granulärem Material von homogen erscheinenden distalen Ausläufern einzelner Retinulazellen überlagert. Proximad „zerfällt“ das Rhabdom zunehmend in kleinere Rhabdomteile. Im zentralen Teil des Ommatidiums liegen 1–2 auffallend große Retinulazellen, die meist weniger elektronendicht erscheinen und kleinere Pigmentgrana haben. Die einzelnen Ommatidien werden von ungemein zahlreichen, sehr pigmentarmen Stützzellen umhüllt. Diese werden — wie die basalen Teile der Retinulazellen — teilweise durch Gliazellfortsätze isoliert. Bei Stylops, einem Vertreter der Strepsipteren, handelt es sich nicht um „ocelläre Komplexaugen“ (Strohm, 1910), auch nicht um eucone Ommatidien (Kinzelbach, 1967), sondern um Ommatidien vom pseudoconen Typ. Zumindest der Bau des Rhabdoms ähnelt dem des Larvenauges (Stemma), dessen rezeptorischer Teil entgegen den Annahmen früherer Autoren in der Imago nicht reduziert wird.
    Notizen: Summary In the compound eye of Stylops a “crystalline cone” of the pseudocone type is found beneath the corneal lens. It is enveloped by several pigment cells. At the proximal part of the cone there are 6 cells (Semper cells) mostly pigment-free. The ommatidium consists of approximately 60 retinula cells. Their rhabdomeres distally rim-like connected to another form a single “open” rhabdom which encircles extracellular granular material as well as the bases of the Semper cells. Here and there the rhabdom plus granular material is overlain with distal protrusions of single retinula cells which appear to be homogeneous. Towards the proximal part the rhabdom increasingly divides up into smaller rhabdomal segments. One or two conspicuous large retinula cells were found in the central part of the ommatidium, appearing to be less electron-dense and containing pigment granules of a smaller size. Each ommatidium is surrounded by numerous cells (Stützzellen) lacking in pigment. These cells are partially insulated from another—as well as the basal parts of retinula cells—by protrusions of glia cells. Our investigations show that the eyes of Stylops (as a representative of Strepsiptera) are not of the “ocellar complex eye” type. At least the structure of the rhabdom resembles to that of the larval eye (stemma), the receptor part of which is not reduced in the imago.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 122 (1971), S. 190-209 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Mechanoreceptors ; Campaniform sensilla ; Cercus ; Fine structure ; Gryllus bimaculatus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung 1. Bis auf das freie Haar stimmen Faden- und Keulenhaare in ihrem Aufbau überein. 2. Jedem Fadenhaar können 1–5, jedem Keulenhaar 1–2 campaniforme Sensillen zugeordnet sein. 3. Zu jedem Haar und jedem campaniformen Sensillum gehören: 1 Sinneszelle, 1 Gliazelle (= Sinneszellhüllzelle) und 3 Hüllzellen. 4. Bei Sinneshaaren endet das Sinnescilium über der Haarbasis, bei campaniformen Sensillen über dem cuticularen Dom in einem nach außen offenen Kanal (=Häutungskanal), dessen Innenwand durch die cuticulare Scheide gebildet wird. 5. Bei Sinneshaaren und bei campaniformen Sensillen ragen in Höhe der Basis des Tubularkörpers und darunter Verstärkungsrippen der cuticularen Scheide nach innen. Diese Rippen dürften dazu dienen, bei Reizung ein Ausweichen des Tubularkörpers nach unten zu verhindern. 6. Die Fadenhaare schwingen aufgrund der morphologischen Gestalt der Haarbasis parallel zum kurzen Durchmesser der ovalen Basisplatte, sehr wahrscheinlich stets nach der dem Häutungskanal zugewandten Becherwand. Dabei treten Verformungen des Bechers auf. Diese dürften für die Wahrnehmung der Schwingungsrichtung der Haare durch die campaniformen Sensillen von Bedeutung sein.
    Notizen: Summary 1. The non-free parts of filamentous and club-shaped hairs are similar in structure. 2. Each filamentous hair may have 1–5 and each club-shaped hair may have 1–2 associated campaniform sensilla. 3. Each hair and each campaniform sensillum is comprised of 1 sensory cell, 1 glial cell (= Sinneszellhüttzelle) and 3 enveloping cells. 4. For the sensory hairs the sensory cilium terminates in a canal above the base of the hair and for the campaniform sensilla it terminates in a canal above the cuticular dome. In both cases the canal (ecdysial canal) opens externally and its inner wall is formed by the cuticular sheath. 5. For the sensory hairs and for the campaniform sensilla, at the level of the tubular body and below, subjacent supporting ribs of cuticular sheath project inward. These ribs may serve to prevent a downward movement of the stimulated tubular bodies. 6. Because of the form of its base, the filamentous hairs oscillate in a plane parallel to the short diameter of the oval basal plate; very likely they swing only toward the wall of the cup which is adjacent to the ecdysial canal. With this motion the shape of the cup is changed; this may have a significance for the sensing of the direction of oscillation of the hair by the campaniform sensilla.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 44
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 126 (1972), S. 206-222 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Cercus ; Contact chemoreceptors ; Fine structure ; Gryllus bimaculatus (Insects)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung 1. Der größte Anteil der Sinneshaare auf den Cerci von Gryllus besteht aus kurzen Borstenhaaren. Bei diesen lassen sich dicke und dünne Borstenhaare unterscheiden. 2. Im allgemeinen gehören zu jedem dicken Borstenhaar 2–3, zu jedem dünnen Borstenhaar 5–6 Sinneszellen. 3. Anzahl und Anordnung der Hüllzellen sind bei dicken und dünnen Borstenhaaren gleich. Jedem Haar sind außer einer Gliazelle (=Sinneszellhüllzelle) drei Hüllzellen zugeordnet. 4. Bei beiden Haartypen ist in einer der Sinnescilien direkt unterhalb der Haarbasis ein kleiner Tubularkörper ausgebildet. Alle Sinnescilien verlaufen von einer cuticularen Scheide umhüllt bis zur Spitze des Haares. Dort kleidet die cuticulare Scheide einen Porus aus, über den die Distalenden der Ciliarstrukturen Kontakt nach außen haben. Der Porendurchmesser beträgt bei dicken Borstenhaaren ca. 2000 Å, bei dünnen ca. 3500 Å. 5. Elektrophysiologische Befunde an morphologisch ähnlich gebauten Insektensensillen lassen uns annehmen, daß die kurzen Borstenhaare von Gryllus Kontaktchemorezeptoren (=Schmeckhaare) sind, die gleichzeitig mechanische Reize wahrnehmen können.
    Notizen: Summary 1. Most part the sensory hairs on the cercus of Gryllus are short bristles, of thick and thin types. 2. Generally 2 or 3 sensory cells are associated with each thick bristle, whereas there are 5 or 6 sensory cells with each thin bristle. 3. The number and arrangement of the enveloping cells of thick and thin bristles are the same: each consists of one glial cell (=“Sinneszellhüllzelle”) and of three enveloping cells. 3. In both types of short bristles one of the ciliary structures contains a small tubular body just below the base of the hair. All ciliary structures within the cuticular sheath run to the tip of the hair. There is a distal pore, the inner surface of which is formed by the cuticular sheath and through which the distal ends of the ciliary structures are exposed to the atmosphere. The diameter of the pore in the thick bristles is about 2000 Å. In the thin bristles it is about 3500 Å. 4. The results of electrophysiological investigations of hairs of similar structure lead to the assumption that the short bristles are both contact chemoreceptors (=taste hairs) and mechanoreceptors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 129 (1972), S. 430-446 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Lysosomes ; Cytochemistry ; Midgut ; Insects ; Morphometry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The midgut epithelial cells of Calliphora were investigated with special attention to lysosomes. Developmental changes in the structure, number, and acid phosphatase activity of these organelles were determined by morphometric, biochemical, and cytochemical methods. Two periods of lysosomal activity are distinguished, one during pupal development and predominantly affecting the mitochondria, the other during the adult stage. In the pupal stage large agglomerates of acid phosphatase-positive dense bodies are present. Condensation and fragmentation of these leaves only small residual bodies. During the first week of adult life the lysosomes increase in both size and number. They are formed by isolating membranes deriving from the endoplasmic reticulum, in which acid phosphatase activity can be demonstrated. Biochemical analysis of acid phosphatase activity shows that there are only minor variations in the total activity, the temporary decrease in lysosomal structures being counter-balanced by an increase in the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 132 (1972), S. 533-551 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Aquatic insect larvae ; Tracheal gills: Chloride cells ; Fine structure ; Taxonomic distribution ; Salt absorption, osmoregulation ; Histochemical precipitation of sodium and chloride
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The tracheal gills of 16 species of mayfly larvae were studied with regard to the chloride cells. The ephemerid chloride cells occur as two main types: single cells and cell complexes. The single chloride cells are characterized by deep tubular or slit-like infoldings of the apical cell membrane, whereas the chloride cell complexes show numerous intercellular channels resulting from cellular interdigitation at the basolateral side. According to the structural organization of the apices, the ephemerid chloride cells may be classified into caviform, coniform, bulbiform and filiform types. In the caviform type (single chloride cell), the apex retracts to form an apical cavity similar to teleost chloride cells. In the other types (chloride cell complexes), there is a progressive extension of the central cell apex into or beyond the cuticle in the form of cones, bulbs or filaments. The common feature of all types is the differentiation of the cuticle into thin porous plates or envelopes covering or surrounding the various forms of apices. Histochemical precipitation of sodium and chloride in the apical region suggests that all types have basically the same function of salt absorption. The population of the various types differs with the species. However, there seem to be some taxonomic regularities with respect to the families. No relation was found between the types of chloride cells and habitat of the species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 131 (1972), S. 1-14 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Heart ; Teleost ; Cardiac muscle ; Myocardial cells ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Tissue from the four chambers of the heart of the plaice (Pleuronectes platessa, L.) has been examined in the electron microscope in order to describe the morphology of the heart at a fine structural level. The sinus venosus is a thin walled chamber between 60–90 μ thick consisting of a connective tissue matrix in which are situated the plexus of the parasympathetic cardiac ganglion and localised bundles of myocardial cells. The myocardial cells do not form a continuous layer but are associated in particular with the region of the cardiac ganglion and are innervated by it. The sino-auricular junction has hitherto been described as a pacemaker region but the myocardial cells in this region are identical in morphology to myocardial cells in other parts of the heart. There is a large complex of nerves, derived from the cardiac plexus, that runs around the junction before branching to innervate the auricle. The myocardial tissues consist of an outer layer of myocardium forming the wall of the heart and a profusion of trabeculae. The endocardium invaginates into the endocardium to divide up the cells into populations of approximately 25 cells in profile. There is no well-defined coronary blood supply although capillaries are occasionally seen. The myocardial cells themselves are small in diameter (3.5–5.5 μ) and show some primitive features which are: a short sarcomere (1.4–2.0 μ), the absence of any sarcoplasmic reticulum, and very scarce fasciae occludentes. In the atrium in particular, there are many groups of 1500 Å membrane-bound, dense-cored vesicles in the myocardial cells. Ventricular cells contain more myofilaments and mitochondria than do atrial cells and have many vesicles of 0.1–0.3μ diameter whose function and contents are unknown. Connective tissue is very evident in the plaice heart, being an integral part of the sinus venosus and the auriculo-ventricular junction and being the sole constituent of the auriculoventricular valve and the bulbus arteriosus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 147 (1974), S. 169-181 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Duodenum ; Guinea-pig ; Organ culture ; Fine structure ; Light- and Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The fine structure of adult guinea-pig duodenum maintained in organ culture for 24 to 48 hours has been analysed. During the first 24 hours, the absorptive cells of the villi remain unchanged with a normal distribution of their organelles. The undifferentiated cells of the crypts are generally well preserved but several zones exhibit cellular injury. After 48 hours, necrosis is present in the crypts and the absorptive cells of the villi show numerous signs of degeneration. Short time metabolic studies are possible with this model.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 147 (1974), S. 219-235 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Lysosomes ; Mouse fibroblasts ; Dye treatment ; Cell culture ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Mouse fibroblasts were grown in a ‘deficient’ medium consisting solely of Hank's salt solution. Treatment of cells after 48 hours in deficient medium with the cationic dye, mepacrine, resulted in an altered formation of lysosomes. Cells grown in full medium form dense, multi-vesiculated lysosomes in response to mepacrine. Cells grown in deficient medium form large electron lucent vacuoles containing peripherally located dense globules. The significance of the observations in relation to the deficiency of the medium is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 149 (1974), S. 147-158 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Skin ; Fish ; Salmon ; Microridges ; Fine structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Both the epidermis and dermis of the anadromous coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, have a full complement of the protective structures found in fish. The living epidermal surface is protected by mucous secretions which are prevented from ablation by the intricately patterned microridges of the surface keratinocytes, as seen by scanning electron microscopy. Bundles of filaments are dispersed throughout the keratinocytes but not to the extent that ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus are excluded. In the yearling salmon, the straight basal lamina of the embryo has changed to a convoluted border invaded by dermal reticular fibers. The complex dermis has an upper region of loosely organized collagen fibers, which is interspersed with fibroblasts and pigment cells, and a deeper, highly ordered zone of orthogonally arranged collagen. Coho salmon also have overlapping calcified scales that extend at an angle from the upper dermis to the epidermis and push an enclosing sheath of epidermal tissue with them to the skin's surface. The other major component of fish skin, the chromatophores, are discussed in an adjacent paper.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 150 (1974), S. 43-56 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Purkinje fibres ; Avian heart ; Fine structure ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The subendocardial Purkinje fibres in the right atrium of the heart of the adult fowl were investigated by light and electron microscopy. The myofibrils often originate from the lateral cell membrane of the cells and show a spirally wound course. Their arrangement is obviously not random. In some Purkinje cells the absolute amount of myofibrils per cell is as large as in ordinary myocardial muscle cells. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is constituted by ramifying tubules. They are distributed throughout the entire Purkinje cell and contact the myofibrils, the mitochondria, and the cell membrane. At the cell membrane the sarcoplasmic reticulum forms terminal cisternae, which often possess an electron dense content. These terminal cisternae are apparently unrelated to the Z-discs of the myofibrils. The cytoplasmic organelles of the Purkinje cell are embedded in a network of ca. 100 Å thick filaments. It is assumed that these filaments are responsible for the maintenance of the arrangement of the cell organelles. Some Z-discs of the myofibrils of the Purkinje cells are up to 0.4 μm long. Axon terminals running between the Purkinje fibre and the fibrocytic envelope may lie only 150 Å from the fibrocytes. The fibrocytes are connected by tight junctions and desmosomes and contain fine filaments and microtubules. The possible implications of these findings are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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