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1

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INFRARED SPECTRA OF HUMIC ACIDS AND OPAL PHYTOLITHS AS INDICATORS OF PALAEOSOLS (1969)

Dormaar, J. F. ; Lutwick, L. E.

Canadian Science Publishing

In: Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 1969; 49(1): 29-37. Published 1969 Feb 01. doi: 10.4141/cjss69-004.

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Publikationsdatum: 1969-02-01

Beschreibung: Palaeosols may: be found in almost every stream valley in southern Alberta. Humic acids from Ah horizons of palaeosols from five locations were examined by infrared spectroscopy, and the percentage of opal phytoliths in the coarse silt (20 to 50 μ) fraction was determined.The combination of the character of the infrared spectra of humic acids and opal phytolith counts was helpful in explaining the genesis of the palaeosols of the five locations. Sometimes the presence or absence of evidence of human occupation will add to the interpretation. In the locations examined, grasslands apparently have been dominant during post-glacial times with invasions of trees, such as Populus spp. and Salix spp., in the moister and more sheltered riparian habitats in this area. Any of these invasions naturally led to a transformation of these grassland soils.

Print ISSN: 0008-4271

Digitale ISSN: 1918-1841

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

Publiziert von Canadian Science Publishing

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2

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TENEURS ELEVEES DE FER LIBRE ET IDENTIFICATION TAXONOMIQUE DE CERTAINS SOLS DU QUEBEC CONTENANT DE LA MAGNETITE (1969)

Baril, Roger ; Bitton, Gabriel

Canadian Science Publishing

In: Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 1969; 49(1): 1-9. Published 1969 Feb 01. doi: 10.4141/cjss69-001.

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Publikationsdatum: 1969-02-01

Beschreibung: Free iron determined after extraction by acid ammonium oxalate was found to be abnormally high in various horizons of two Quebec soils containing magnetite, namely: an Orthic Humic Podzol (Pikauba series) and an Orthic Regosol (Malbaie series). When magnetite was removed, prior to the analysis, truer values for free amorphous sesquioxides of iron and aluminum were obtained and could serve to distinguish Podzolic from other classes of soils. The calculated pH-dependent cation exchange capacities were not affected by the presence of magnetite in soils. This last criterion, together with pH in CaCl2, exchangeable aluminum and degree of base saturation, can well serve as a substitute for differentiating Spodic B horizons from other horizons as used in the Canadian taxonomic classification of soils.

Print ISSN: 0008-4271

Digitale ISSN: 1918-1841

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

Publiziert von Canadian Science Publishing

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3

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MODIFICATION OF THE ASCORBIC ACID METHOD FOR DETERMINING PHOSPHORUS IN DILUTE SOLUTIONS (1969)

Omanwar, P. K. ; Robertson, J. A.

Canadian Science Publishing

In: Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 1969; 49(2): 259-261. Published 1969 Jun 01. doi: 10.4141/cjss69-036.

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Publikationsdatum: 1969-06-01

Beschreibung: not available

Print ISSN: 0008-4271

Digitale ISSN: 1918-1841

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

Publiziert von Canadian Science Publishing

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4

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RESIDUAL EFFECTS FROM FERTILIZER ON NATIVE RANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN SASKATCHEWAN (1969)

Read, D. W. L.

Canadian Science Publishing

In: Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 1969; 49(2): 225-230. Published 1969 Jun 01. doi: 10.4141/cjss69-031.

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Publikationsdatum: 1969-06-01

Beschreibung: Residual effects of fertilizer on native grassland throughout southwestern Saskatchewan persisted for six years or more, and were more important than the initial response. These residual effects resulted in yield increases and in increased phosphorus content of the forage. The sodium bicarbonate-extractable (available) phosphorus in the soil was increased by the use of phosphatic fertilizer; this increase persisted for six years after fertilizer application. The correlation coefficients between yield response and measured soil properties were not high for any of the measurements. The yield response was more closely related to the amounts of available N in the soil, the pH, and the texture than to the other soil and plant measurements. Responses were greatest on medium-textured soils, low in fertility and with a pH above 7.

Print ISSN: 0008-4271

Digitale ISSN: 1918-1841

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

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5

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EFFET DE DIFFERENTES DOSES DE N, P ET K SUR LE RENDEMENT ET LA QUALITE DE LA POMME DE TERRE (1969)

Chamberland, E. ; Campagna, E.

Canadian Science Publishing

In: Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 1969; 49(2): 247-256. Published 1969 Jun 01. doi: 10.4141/cjss69-034.

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Publikationsdatum: 1969-06-01

Beschreibung: Results of a 9-year (1956–1964) series of N–P–K factorial fertilizer experiments carried out in a three-year rotation at "Les Buissons" station in Saguenay county, Quebec, are presented. Yields and quality of tubers were recorded and levels of available P and K in the treated plots, at the end of the experiment, were compared with those in the control plots.The need for nitrogen at the beginning was over 100 kg/ha; nevertheless, the optimum level appeared to be about 90 kg/ha for subsequent applications. Phosphorus seemed to be the critical element, even the maximum application of 80 kg/ha (P) being insufficient to supply its deficiency in the soil. Although the amount of available P in the treated plots increased by 19 kg/ha during the experiment, this soil requires a basic application of about 100–120 kg/ha of the element. Since the effect of nitrogen is limited by a lack of phosphorus, a proper ratio is recommended for these elements. Application of 80 kg/ha of potassium is needed for the first rotation but, thereafter, a maintenance application of 60 kg/ha should be enough for good yields of tubers of satisfactory quality. Application of 148 kg/ha of potassium was followed by an increase of 58 kg/ha in the level of available K.

Print ISSN: 0008-4271

Digitale ISSN: 1918-1841

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

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6

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REACTIONS OF PHOSPHATE WITH ALUMINUM AND WYOMING BENTONITE (1969)

Webber, M. D. ; Clark, J. S.

Canadian Science Publishing

In: Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 1969; 49(2): 231-240. Published 1969 Jun 01. doi: 10.4141/cjss69-032.

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Publikationsdatum: 1969-06-01

Beschreibung: Reactions between phosphate, Al and Wyoming bentonite in aqueous suspensions were studied under two conditions: (1) H3PO4 was added after interlayer hydroxy aluminum complexes had been formed by the addition of Ca(OH)2 to AlCl3 + bentonite suspensions; and (2) H3PO4 was added to AlCl3 + bentonite suspensions before the addition of Ca(OH)2. The suspensions were aerated and maintained at 25 °C.When H3PO4 was added after the formation of hydroxy aluminum complexes, the results were not significantly different from those when Ca(OH)2 was added to suspensions containing both AlCl3 and H3PO4. Phosphate was removed from solution and an interlayer hydrous aluminum phosphate was formed which increased the d(001) spacings of the bentonite. The amount of phosphate removed from solution increased to a maximum with increasing amounts of H3PO4 added and over this range there was no change in cation exchange capacity (CEC). Large amounts of H3PO4 increased the CEC of the bentonite. A major part of the reaction was completed within 24 hours and the values of pH changed only slightly from 1 to 120 days.Values of the (Al) (OH)2(H2PO4) ion product measured after aging for 14 days were larger than would have been maintained by crystalline variscite, but X-ray diffraction studies showed no evidence for formation of a separate crystalline phosphate phase.

Print ISSN: 0008-4271

Digitale ISSN: 1918-1841

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

Publiziert von Canadian Science Publishing

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7

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RELATIONSHIP OF YIELD AND TOTAL NITROGEN UPTAKE OF BRUSSELS SPROUTS PLANTS GROWN IN THE GREENHOUSE TO AVAILABLE SOIL NITROGEN (1969)

Munro, D. C.

Canadian Science Publishing

In: Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 1969; 49(3): 313-318. Published 1969 Oct 01. doi: 10.4141/cjss69-043.

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Publikationsdatum: 1969-10-01

Beschreibung: Initial nitrate-nitrogen content of the soil gave a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.93 with yields and with total nitrogen uptake of Brussels sprouts plants (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera DC., Jade Cross). Soil nitrogen extracted with 0.01 M NaHCO3 gave r values of 0.76 with yields and 0.75 with nitrogen uptake. Nitrate incubation results from leached, moist soil samples gave r values of 0.59 with yields and 0.56 with nitrogen uptake. However, air-drying of soil samples prior to leaching and incubation resulted in r values of only 0.15 and 0.11 with yields and nitrogen uptake, respectively. Available nitrogen determined by incubation without previous leaching of the soil samples gave high r values because of the influence of the initial nitrate nitrogen in the soil.

Print ISSN: 0008-4271

Digitale ISSN: 1918-1841

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

Publiziert von Canadian Science Publishing

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8

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CANNERY WASTE DISPOSAL ON LAND (1969)

Heywood, R. T. ; Stevens, Trevor ; Webber, L. R.

Canadian Science Publishing

In: Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 1969; 49(2): 211-218. Published 1969 Jun 01. doi: 10.4141/cjss69-029.

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Publikationsdatum: 1969-06-01

Beschreibung: Field and laboratory trials were used in attempts to relate soil moisture tension and the efficiency of a silt loam soil to oxidize the organic material in cannery corn waste. The organic loading in the waste was expressed as chemical oxygen demand (COD). Evidence was obtained to indicate that the back fill over the field tiles had not settled adequately and the waste was not retained long enough by the soil to facilitate oxidation. With laboratory trials using the miscible displacement technique, 97% of the COD was removed at soil moisture tensions of 45 and 100 cm of water.

Print ISSN: 0008-4271

Digitale ISSN: 1918-1841

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

Publiziert von Canadian Science Publishing

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9

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CONDITIONS IN SOLUTION DURING THE FORMATION OF GIBBSITE IN DILUTE ALUMINUM SALT SOLUTIONS: III. HYDROXYALUMINUM PRODUCTS OF REACTIONS DURING THE NEUTRALIZATION OF ALUMINUM CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS WITH SODIUM HYDROXIDE (1969)

Turner, R. C. ; Ross, G. J.

Canadian Science Publishing

In: Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 1969; 49(3): 389-396. Published 1969 Oct 01. doi: 10.4141/cjss69-053.

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Publikationsdatum: 1969-10-01

Beschreibung: Experiments were made to determine the relative amounts of solid phase hydroxyaluminum to polynuclear ionic hydroxyaluminum formed, according to methods developed by one of the authors, during titrations of dilute AlCl3 solutions with a base. With both 10−3 and 10−2 M AlCl3 solutions, and with both fast (less than 5 minutes) and slow (12 hours) titrations, the solid phase and the polynuclear ions were present at each degree of neutralization at which measurements were made. During the greater part of the titrations the solid phase was the major product with the fast titrations, and the polynuclear ions were the major product with the slow titrations. Beyond about 80% neutralization the polynuclear ions began to decrease in concentration until at 100% the solid phase approached 100% of the products regardless of the rate of titration. There was a considerable amount of Cl associated with the solid phase during most of each titration, but the Cl/Al molar ratio of the solid approached zero as neutralization approached 100%.

Print ISSN: 0008-4271

Digitale ISSN: 1918-1841

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

Publiziert von Canadian Science Publishing

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10

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EFFECT OF APPLIED MANGANESE, SULFUR, AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE MANGANESE CONTENT OF OATS AND FLUE-CURED TOBACCO (1969)

Elliot, J. M.

Canadian Science Publishing

In: Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 1969; 49(3): 277-285. Published 1969 Oct 01. doi: 10.4141/cjss69-039.

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Publikationsdatum: 1969-10-01

Beschreibung: Two foliar applications of 6.00 or 9.00 kg/ha of MnSO4 (from MnSO4∙H2O) on flue-cured tobacco, grown on a Fox sandy loam low in available Mn, increased the Mn content of green and cured leaves but did not affect the levels of Fe and Cu.In greenhouse experiments with the same soil, applications of 120 kg/ha MnSO4, with and without S or superphosphate, raised the Mn content of oats and leaves and stalks of tobacco. Sulfur applied at 1122 kg/ha, with or without MnSO4, raised the Mn content of oats and tobacco and lowered the pH of the soil. Applications of 978 kg/ha P (from 20% superphosphate), with or without MnSO4, lowered the soil pH and increased the Mn content of oats; in conjunction with the high, rate of MnSO4, applied P raised the Mn content of tobacco stalks and top leaves. Apparently the enhancement of Mn uptake by the application of S or superphosphate is due to the decrease in soil pH.

Print ISSN: 0008-4271

Digitale ISSN: 1918-1841

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

Publiziert von Canadian Science Publishing

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