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  • Articles  (18)
  • Other Sources
  • Cartography
  • computer
  • Springer  (18)
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 1995-1999  (15)
  • 1965-1969  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Voter response to computerized campaigning (1995)
    Springer
    International journal of speech technology 1 (1995), S. 33-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8110
    Keywords: campaign ; election ; voter ; telephone ; computer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract A computer system was designed to telephone voters en masse and play a short campaign message in support of a candidate. The calling program used a new algorithm to detect and leave messages on answering machines, or, when a human answered, to observe telephone etiquette. It was tested in the Raleigh City Council election of 1993. Over 30,000 households were called in both a primary and final election. Immediately after the November election about 600 of the called households were polled by telephone (using human interrogators) to measure the effect of the calling campaign. Among persons reached who actually voted, 52% remembered the candidate's name, and 6.4% said the call had affected their vote.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02277178
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A discussion of some of the issues facing the regulator in dealing with the newly developing nomadic services including HIPERLAN (1996)
    Springer
    Wireless personal communications 3 (1996), S. 347-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-834X
    Keywords: Radio ; HIPERLAN ; computer ; 5 GHz ; 17 GHz ; spectrum management ; frequency allocation ; nomad ; nomadic ; ad hoc network ; peer to peer network ; licensing ; hubless ; CEPT ; ETSI ; RES-10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract HIPERLAN is a new standard for nomadic computer equipment being developed by ETSI. The practicalities of licensing of such computer networks make it unlikely that there will be an individual licensing scheme. Nomadic equipment cannot be restricted to certain regions or countries. There are clear indications that it will play an increasingly large role in communications. The best solution to the issue of nomadic equipment and its future development would appear to be an international effort at spectrum planning and frequency allocation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00461144
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Display and analysis of electrophysiological data under WindowsMMM (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 116-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: extracellular recording ; sensilla ; data analysis ; computer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Conclusion Windows represents an attractive environment in which to implement a data analysis program. This environment benefits from a number of tools and programs that allow manipulation and analysis data interactively. Windows also has networking facilities that enable analysis of data from any microcomputer connected to the network. This approach leads to more efficient use of electrophysiological set-ups. Object-oriented development tools provide new opportunities to develop applications for neuroscientists and should facilitate sharing independently designed algorithms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194739
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Voter response to computerized campaigning (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of speech technology 2 (1997), S. 33-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8110
    Keywords: campaign ; election ; voter ; telephone ; computer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract A computer system was designed to telephone voters en masse and play a short campaign message in support of a candidate. The calling program used a new algorithm to detect and leave messages on answering machines, or, when a human answered, to observe telephone etiquette. It was tested in the Raleigh City Council election of 1993. Over 30,000 households were called in both a primary and final election. Immediately after the November election about 600 of the called households were polled by telephone (using human interrogators) to measure the effect of the calling campaign. Among persons reached who actually voted, 52% remembered the candidate's name, and 6.4% said the call had affected their vote.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02215802
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proof of algorithms by general snapshots (1966)
    Springer
    BIT 6 (1966), S. 310-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Keywords: Algorithm ; proof ; computer ; programming
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A constructive approach to the question of proofs of algorithms is to consider proofs that an object resulting from the execution of an algorithm possesses certain static characteristics. It is shown by an elementary example how this possibility may be used to prove the correctness of an algorithm written in ALGOL 60. The stepping stone of the approach is what is called General Snapshots, i.e. expressions of static conditions existing whenever the execution of the algorithm reaches particular points. General Snapshots are further shown to be useful for constructing algorithms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01966091
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellulose: the structure slowly unravels (1997)
    Springer
    Cellulose 4 (1997), S. 173-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-882X
    Keywords: structure ; computer ; model ; polymorphy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract This article attempts to bring together basic and complex information which has been gathered on cellulose structure, principally that of native cellulose, over the last few decades. Even though advances have been made in the field of crystallography, powder crystallography cannot yield a definitive cellulose structure and single crystal diffraction is not possible due to the lack of suitable crystals. Knowledge obtained on the biosynthesis of native cellulose and on the polymorphy of cellulose and its derivatives help our understanding of ultrastructure. Many inconsistencies between early crystallographic studies of native cellulose have been clarified by the discovery that two polymorphs (α and β) of cellulose I exist. Models of the possible ultrastructural arrangements within native cellulose have been put forward over the decades; with advancement in technology, computer simulations of small and large systems are being created to test the viability of these ultrastructural models. It is hoped that this review will aid in the understanding of the complexity and uncertainties that still exist in this subject.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018431705579
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer cartography point-in-polygon programs (1967)
    Springer
    BIT 7 (1967), S. 39-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Keywords: Cartography ; computer ; polygon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The official statistics and census reports give figures only for administrative units. The boundaries of these units are often changed and hence it is very difficult to compare statistics from two different periods. However, an administrative unit can always be approximated by a polygon. Real estate data are assigned to a central point for which the coordinates are known. A computer can determine whether a point belongs to a polygon or not by means of a special program. Data for all real estate central points belonging to the actual polygon are added. In this way it will be possible to compute data for arbitrary polygons, for instance administrative units which do not exist any longer, by assigning real estate data to the central points.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01934125
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer derivation of algebraic equations associated with runge-kutta formulas (1967)
    Springer
    BIT 7 (1967), S. 156-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Keywords: Algebraic ; equations ; Runge-Kutta ; computer ; derivation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The derivation of algebraic non-linear equations associated with Runge-Kutta formulas increases in complexity as the order of these formulas increases. To overcome this difficulty various operational methods have been devised. But these methods are quite involved and there also exists the possibility of human errors which may be difficult to detect. The aim of this paper is the derivation of these algebraic equations through a digital computer, the IBM 7094, using Fortran IV. The technique employed is based upon a mathematical method established by the first author. With the advent of the space age there arose a continuous need for Runge-Kutta formulas of higher and higher orders. It seems that the computer offers the best, if not the only, hope in keeping up with these needs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01934278
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Very Idea of Computer Self-Knowledge and Self-Deception (1997)
    Springer
    Minds and machines 7 (1997), S. 515-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8641
    Keywords: computer ; intentionality ; belief ; self-knowledge ; self-deception
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract Do computers have beliefs? I argue that anyone who answers in the affirmative holds a view that is incompatible with what I shall call the commonsense approach to the propositional attitudes. My claims shall be two. First,the commonsense view places important constraints on what can be acknowledged as a case of having a belief. Second, computers – at least those for which having a belief would be conceived as having a sentence in a belief box – fail to satisfy some of these constraints. This second claim can best be brought out in the context of an examination of the idea of computer self-knowledge and self-deception, but the conclusion is perfectly general: the idea that computers are believers, like the idea that computers could have self-knowledge or be self-deceived, is incompatible with the commonsense view. The significance of the argument lies in the choice it forces on us: whether to revise our notion of belief so as to accommodate the claim that computers are believers, or to give up on that claim so as to preserve our pretheoretic notion of the attitudes. We cannot have it both ways.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008210414600
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    When Physical Systems Realize Functions... (1999)
    Springer
    Minds and machines 9 (1999), S. 161-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8641
    Keywords: computation ; implementation ; computationalism ; realization of a function ; digital system ; computer ; computational practice ; cognitive science ; artificial intelligence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract After briefly discussing the relevance of the notions ‘computation’ and ‘implementation’ for cognitive science, I summarize some of the problems that have been found in their most common interpretations. In particular, I argue that standard notions of computation together with a ‘state-to-state correspondence view of implementation’ cannot overcome difficulties posed by Putnam's Realization Theorem and that, therefore, a different approach to implementation is required. The notion ‘realization of a function’, developed out of physical theories, is then introduced as a replacement for the notional pair ‘computation-implementation’. After gradual refinement, taking practical constraints into account, this notion gives rise to the notion ‘digital system’ which singles out physical systems that could be actually used, and possibly even built.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008364332419
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Computer Program to Compare Sequence Fingerprints of Homologous Proteins for the Rapid Assessment of Their Primary Structure Differences (1998)
    Springer
    The protein journal 17 (1998), S. 867-873 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4943
    Keywords: Algorithm ; computer ; protein sequence ; mass spectrometry ; peptide mixtures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We have developed a computer program for the rapid assessment of the primary structure differences between a protein of unknown sequence and a homologous known protein. Both proteins are reduced, alkylated, and digested with the same hydrolytic agent. The unfractionated peptide mixtures are submitted to automatic sequence analysis. Based on the knowledge of the reference sequence, the program utilizes the analysis data to identify all the potential peptides present in the two mixtures, determining their primary structure, homology degree, and molecular weight calculated both as integer MH+ and average mass variables. These fingerprints allow the user to easily identify the structural differences between the two proteins and clarify possible doubts by a mass spectrometric analysis of the two mixtures. In order to verify the utility of the program, we provide an application example using the already reported data of two homologous proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020742721725
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using three-dimensional models to teach molecular structures in high school chemistry (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of science education and technology 4 (1995), S. 295-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1839
    Keywords: Molecular models ; manipulatives ; computer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of using two- and three-dimensional model representations of molecular structures on student learning of organic chemical structures. Organic structures were taught to high school students using one of four methods of molecular representation: (1) two-dimensional textbook representations, (2) three-dimensional computer models, (3) three-dimensional ball and stick models, and (4) combination of the computer molecular models and the ball and stick models. The computer software used in this study wasMolecular Editor. Students in the combination group of using both computer and ball and stick models scored significantly higher on the retention test of isomeric identification compared to the other groups. Molecules were represented in this test in the same mode as the instructional representation. However, on a similar two-dimensional post-instructional test of isomeric identification, this group had a significantly lower mean than the other groups; the two-dimensional group had the highest mean. This difference was not observed with the two-dimensional retention test of isomeric identification. When given a two-dimensional test of isomeric construction, no significant difference was found among the group means with either the posttest or the retention test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02211261
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using Computer-Based Simulation Exercises to Teach Business Ethics (1997)
    Springer
    Teaching business ethics 1 (1997), S. 163-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1944
    Keywords: business ; computer ; ethics ; experiential ; simulation ; teaching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper discusses how to introduce ethical dilemmas into computer-based business simulation exercise to teach business ethics. Simulations have an inherent advantage over other pedagogies for teaching ethics because simulations provide students with both an intellectual and a behavioral exposure to the topic. Issues addressed include considerations before writing ethical dilemmas, the writing of ethical dilemmas, and process issues for introducing ethical dilemmas. An example is developed and discussed. Through the process described, instructors can better prepare students for a lifetime of tough business decisions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009713431855
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical non-invasive measurement of effective pulmonary capillary blood flow (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of clinical monitoring and computing 12 (1995), S. 121-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2614
    Keywords: Pulmonary blood flow ; computer ; signal processing ; pulmonary function testing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Since traditional pulmonary function testing is centered on measurements of air flow and lung volume, a method to assess the pulmonary circulation might improve our ability to evaluate diseases that impact upon pulmonary hemodynamics. We have developed a PC based application that rapidly calculates pulmonary blood flow. Subjects rebreath a mixture of 10% argon and 3.5% freon for 20 seconds. Gas concentrations at the mouth are monitored by a clinical mass spectrometer and signals are acquired and processed with off-the-shelf hardware. To test the accuracy and reproducibility of this technique, patients with pulmonary artery catheters were assessed by standard thermodilution methods and the rebreathing test. Measurements using this non-invasive technology closely corellate with invasive thermodilution methods (r=0.980) and show equivalent reproducibility (average standard error=2.5%). This application of signal processing technology can extend the role of pulmonary function testing to include routine evaluation of the pulmonary circulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02332687
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computerization of the preoperative anesthesia interview (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of clinical monitoring and computing 12 (1995), S. 71-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2614
    Keywords: computer ; patient interview ; preanesthetic computer interview ; preoperative medical history ; computerized medical records systems ; technology ; medical
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01142486
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer Simulation of Balance Handling (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 55 (1999), S. 367-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: balance ; computer ; mass determination ; simulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Several decades ago, when working in the field of magnetism, we had to use a balance the sensitivity of which was limited only by Brownian motion. This balance was a very slow one and to calculate the moment of force measured by it we used its equation of motion, T=Jα+kα+Cα, where we measured the values of all the quantities present on the right-hand side of this equation. At the 21st Conference on Vacuum Microbalance Techniques in Dijon, we suggested that, with the help of a computer, this procedure could also be made applicable to the handling of fast balances. The present paper contributes to this topic by presenting a computer simulation of such a fast balance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010134727746
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a serum-free medium using computer-assisted factorial design and analysis (1996)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 22 (1996), S. 25-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: computer ; factorial design ; recombinant CHO cells ; serum-free medium design
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Stepwise screening of media supplements using factorial design and analysis was employed in the development of serum-free medium for a recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cell line. The effects (growth and target protein production) of different combinations were measured at two time points to ensure adequate response. The results were analysed by a computer program specialized in factorial analysis. The formulation deduced from the previous experiment was used as the new basal medium for the next screening. Certain significant nutrients were studied again in a more ‘advanced’ formulation in order to analyse the potential synergistic effects with new media components. Compared to cells grown in serum-containing medium, cells adapted to the final formulation of the serum-free medium had a comparable growth rate but a four fold increase in the active protein production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00353921
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hall of Mirrors: The Dilemmas of Presenting Information Technology Culture Through Information Technology Interactives and Artifacts (1999)
    Springer
    Archives and Museum Informatics 13 (1999), S. 83-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7500
    Keywords: interactive multimedia ; computer ; exhibition ; prior knowledge ; multiple intelligence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper examines how the problem of exhibiting computing artifacts was confronted by the development team of the Powerhouse Museum's new computing exhibition: Universal Machine. Universal Machine uses a mix of objects, activity trails and computer-based audiovisual and interactive technologies to take visitors on a journey through the origins, meaning and impact of contemporary information technology. It explores the interpretive partnerships developed between objects, new and traditional media, as well as the ways in which experience-based and multiple intelligence education theory informed design and content development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016611304423
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