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  • Articles  (366)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (329)
  • Annual Reviews  (37)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • 1980-1984
  • 1960-1964  (366)
  • 1964  (366)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (366)
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  • Articles  (366)
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  • 1980-1984
  • 1960-1964  (366)
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Journal
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE GROWTH OF LAMBS AT PASTURE (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Two groups of ewes, each containing single and twin lambs, were folded over a ‘worm-free’ pasture, with a creep provided for the lambs, allowing them to graze ahead of the ewes. The lambs of one group received supplementary feeding. Higher growth rates of the Iambs were recorded than those previously reported by other workers. The growth rates of twin lambs were improved more than those of singles and the lambs receiving supplementary feeding gained at a significantly faster rate than those on pasture only. Faecal egg counts indicated that worm infestation in the lambs was maintained at a very low level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01195.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECT OF WHITE CLOVER AND NITROGENOUS FERTILIZER ON THE PRODUCTION OF A SWARD (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Data from an experiment already reported (2) are used to examine a statistical method proposed by Walker et al. (8) for apportioning the nitrogen harvested in grass in a grass/ legume sward to legume, fertilizer and soil. Multiple regressions of the yield of N in the grass (Gn) upon N harvested in the associated legume (Cn) and N applied in fertilizer (Fn) were highly significant; but they were very variable, mainly because of the strong (negative) correlation between Cn and Fn. In some cases the coefficient for clover N was negative, in some cases the coefficient for fertilizer N exceeded unity; and the residual constant varied widely among 4 sets of plots on the same soil. The interpretation of such equations in physical terms is criticized on these grounds. The use of pure grass swards in conjunction with mixed swards gave estimates of the recovery of fertilizer N, and of the transfer of N from clover to grass, which agreed better with other published data than did the coefficients in a multiple regression. A simple regression of the estimate of transferred N in the grass upon the N harvested in the clover yielded a second constant. This constant, which varied considerably from one series of plots to another, is thought to indicate interactions between the various sources of N, which would be attributed to a direct effect of soil N if the multiple regressions were interpreted as Walker et al. suggest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01196.x
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  • 3
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    Electronic Resource
    THE DIGESTIBILITY AND VOLUNTARY INTAKE OF S22 AND H.1 RYEGRASS, S170 TALL FESCUE, S48 TIMOTHY, S215 MEADOW FESCUE AND GERMINAL COCKSFOOT (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Pure swards of S22 Italian ryegrass, H.1 hybrid ryegrass, S170 tall fescue, S48 timothy, S215 meadow fescue and Germinal cocksfoot were each harvested at several stages of maturity during first growth in the spring, and in the subsequent regrowths. Each batch of herbage was fed to sheep in a digestion trial under conditions of voluntary intake. Results from the first growth herbages showed the expected fall in digestibility with increasing maturity. However, the digestibility of S22, H.1, S170 and S48 began to fall well before ear emergence, whereas the digestibility of Germinal fell only slowly up to the time of ear emergence, as had been found previously with S24 and S23 ryegrass and S37 cocksfoot. The rate of fall of digestibility in H.1 and S48 (0.4 units/day) also appeared to be lower than with the perennial ryegrasses and cocksfoot (0.5 units/day). The monthly regrowths within each herbage were of similar digestibility, but the mean digestibility of regrowths differed between herbages, being highest for S215 and lowest for Germinal and S170. The grasses with highest digestibility in the early Spring, in particular S22 ryegrass, were not, however, always the most digestible in the subsequent regrowths. The numbers of sheep fed on each herbage were insufficient to show whether there were significant differences in voluntary intake between different herbage species of the same digestibility. It is suggested that an intake/digestibility relationship, based on data from more animals, should be developed for each herbage species. Only if different relationships are found can it be concluded that factors other than level of digestibility have an effect on intake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01177.x
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  • 4
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    STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF GRASSES ON RED SOILS OF RANCHI (INDIA) (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01183.x
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  • 5
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    COMPARATIVE PRODUCTIVITY OF HERBAGE VARIETIES ON UPLAND PEAT (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The productivity and persistence of 27 varieties of herbage plants were compared, following sowing on a blanket peat after ploughing. Yields were estimated from 3–5 cuts per year for 5 growing seasons. The top yields in each year ranged from 2510 lb/ac. in the 5th year when no nitrogenous fertilizer was applied up to 4700 lb/ac. in the 3rd year when given 174 lb N/ac. Such levels are slightly less than half the level expected on lowland, but livestock output on hill land is far lower than on lowland. Varietal differences were significant, with red fescues, especially S59 smooth-stalked meadow grass, S170 tall fescue, S143 cocksfoot, Yorkshire fog and S53 meadow fescue giving top yields and persistence. Aberystwyth varieties were in all cases superior to other varieties. S50 timothy and S23 perennial ryegrass were persistent but production was low. The conclusions are compared with those of other investigators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01141.x
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  • 6
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    The efficiency of utilization of fresh grass (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01150.x
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  • 7
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    GRASSLAND RECORDING. IV (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The traditional method of calculating field output by the utilized-starch-equivalent (U.S.E.) system is compared with a recommended simpler and quicker method. The concept of calculating a U.S.E. factor is introduced and forms the basis for the new method. A monthly U.S.E. factor is used, in conjunction with monthly cow-day (CD.) records to calculate U.S.E. Savings of at least 50% may be expected. Agreement between the two methods is very close and the more seasonal nature of the calculation for sheep and non-milking cattle under the new method may be preferable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01155.x
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  • 8
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    STUDIES IN CALF MANAGEMENT (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In 1960 spring-born calves were reared indoors or at pasture on 3 dairy farms near Hurley. In the following year the experiment was repeated on 3 farms in the nortli-east and on 2 in the south-west of England.Several calves died, and this may have been because of inadequate milk feeding. Generally, however, the growth of calves reared at pasture was comparable with that of animals reared indoors. Tfie use of grass enabled substantial savings to be made in the amount of concentrate feedingstuffs and hay fed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01197.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
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    THE GRASSES AND GRASSLAND CULTIVATION OF BRITAIN (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01140.x
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  • 10
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    THE EFFECT OF ‘WINTER BURN’ ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND IN VITRO DRY-MATTER DIGESTIBILITY OF EIGHT GRASSES (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01144.x
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  • 11
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    THE NUTRITIVE VALUE AND AGRONOMIC ASPECTS OF SOME FODDERS IN NORTHERN NIGERIA (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Digestibility data are presented on the following; Andropogon gayanus hay and bush foggage, Arachis hypogoea (groundnut) haulms, Glycine max (soya-bean) hay. Sorghum vulgare (sorghum) leaves and hay, Stizolobium sp. (velvet bean) hay, Vigna sinensis (cowpea) hay and haulms, and S. vnlgare/Stizolobium sp. mixture. The results are discussed from the agronomic aspect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01145.x
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  • 12
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    Some factors affecting the efficient utilization of conserved grass (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01151.x
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  • 13
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    GRASSLAND RECORDING. II (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Two systems of recording the output of grass fields—by cow-days (CD.) and by utilized starch equivalent (U.S.E.)—were compared with field measurements of the dry matter and digestible matter consumed over a period of two years.On one farm, each recording system was positively correlated with both the amount of dry matter and the amount of digestible matter consumed from individual fields by grazing cows. Consequently, the two systems reflected equally well the total quantity of utilized herbage and its quality. This was explained by a highly significant correlation between the two recording systems. The same correlation between the two recording systems existed on 20 other farms.It was concluded that the C.D. and the U.S.E. systems gave equally reliable results when assessing field output within dairy farms. Because C.D. can be determined with greater ease they should be used instead of the U.S.E. system. However, the U.S.E. system is still advocated for assessing grass utilization for animal production on a farm basis, since it indicates the level of efficiency which farmers achieve in using their grass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01153.x
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  • 14
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    AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE MERITS OF INTENSIVE ROTATIONAL GRAZING (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: An investigation into the merits of intensive rotational grazing or paddock grazing was started in 1960. The experiment covered 40 acres, half of which was divided into 20 single-acre paddocks and the other half into 2 fields of 9 and 11 acres, respectively. Two groups of carefully paired cows were used to measure the output of milk per acre. Surplus grass was used for drystock and for conservation. The final output was expressed in terms of U.S.E. per acre, which was computed from the records of milk production, livestock maintenance and fattening and grass cut for conservation. The following conclusions seem reasonable: (a) Where the stocking rate is the same under both systems and the grass supply exceeds the animals' appetites, very little difference in terms of milk yield per acre will be found between intensive rotational grazing and lax rotational grazing over the grazing season; (b) Where, because of heavier stocking or a poorer growth of grass, the animals' appetites begin to exceed the grass supply, the intensive system of rotational grazing will be able to carry the stock for a longer period and consequently will give a greater output of milk per acre; (c) Intensive rotational grazing gives greater opportunity for taking off surplus grass for dryslock or for conservation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01190.x
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  • 15
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    A STUDY OF SOME FACTORS CAUSING MAT FORMATION OF RESEEDED HILL PASTURE SWARDS (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A comparison of non-mat and mat ecotypes of three reseeded hill swards showed that mat pasture soil was characterized by relatively high C/N ratios, low available nutrient status, low burrowing earthworm biomass, and low soil microbial activity (determined as CO2 evolution).A replicated trial was laid out on a uniform mat area of one of these swards (Ciderhouse Hill) and lime and fertilizer treatments were applied in two successive seasons. Lime treatment reduced mat weight, increased the proportion of ‘sown’ grasses in the sward and stimulated soil microbial activity, Initially, burrowing earthworm biomass was inhibited by lime; but, after an interval of four years, a positive response was noted at the lower treatment level. Sodium nitrate interacted with lime to increase soil microbial activity. Soil cellulolytic activity was increased by nitrate and phosphate treatments. The level of soil moisture in the field at the time of soil sampling appeared to influence soil microbial activity measured under standard conditions in the laboratory: high rainfall tended to reduce microbial activity. The significance of these findings and the infiuence of nutritional and climatic factors on sward reversion and mat formation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01192.x
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  • 16
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    GRASSLAND RECORDING. V (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01156.x
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  • 17
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    STUDIES ON SHEEP GRAZING IN THE NORTHERN PENNINES (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The sheep grazing intensity and herbage intake on 3 high-level grasslands above 2250 ft were investigated. The seasonal intake, which varied from 450 to 700 lb dry matter/acre, was obtained by the yield-difference method, using cages moved monthly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01194.x
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  • 18
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    THE EFFECT OF LEVEL OF NITROGEN AND CUTTING TREATMENT ON LEAF AREA IN SWARDS OF S48 TIMOTHY (PHLEUM PRATENSE, L.) AND S215 MEADOW FESCUE (FESTUCA PRATENSIS, L.) (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Leaf-area index was increased by nitrogen application, but the increase was restricted by frequent cutting, which limited the incidence of high leaf-area indices. Timothy swards had higher leaf-area indices than meadow-fescue swards between April and mid-July, the period in which maximum values were recorded. N significantly increased the leaf area per g of leaf (leaf-area/leaf-weight ratio) at the beginning of the experiment, but not thereafter; the effect of cutting on this ratio varied with the date of cutting. Leaf areas per g of leaf were similar for the 2 species at the beginning and end of the experiment, but in mid-summer values for timothy increased whilst those for meadow fescue decreased. The relationship between leaf-area index and yield of dry matter is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01193.x
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  • 19
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    BOOK REVIEWS (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Book reviewed in this article:CUNNINGHAM LABORATORY, C.S.I.R.O., AUSTRALIA. Some concepts and methods in sub–tropical pasture researchEDWARDS, C. A., HEATH, G. W. The principles of agricultural entomology.MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES AND FOOD, ENGLAND AND WALES. Hay: quality and feeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01199.x
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  • 20
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    STUDIES ON THE HEIGHT/WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP IN DESERT RANGE GRASSES OF INDIA (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Studies on height/weight relationship of the key grass species of Western Rajasthan ranges, India, were undertaken so as to form concepts which will guide the assessnient of the extent of their utilization by the livestock. Regression studies of the data obtained indicated that the relationship between the percentage of height clipped and the percentage of weight removed is quadratic. A graph has been drawn for each of the 5 species to relate the percentage of height removed with the percentage of weight utilized. The studies have shown that the weight distribution in respect of height is different in different species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01198.x
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  • 21
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    SOME FACTORS AFFECTING THE INTAKE OF ROUGHAGE BY SHEEP (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The dry-matter intake of silage was increased when the silage had a higher dry-matter content and when the time of access to the silage was increased from 3 to 24 h. Concentrate supplementation had a greater influence in depressing the intake of hay than that of silage. Only a small difference was observed in the replacement of hay by concentrates when the concentrates were given with two hays of different dry-matter digestibility. Concentrates with a relatively high protein content depressed roughage intake to a lesser extent than concentrates with a low protein content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01179.x
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  • 22
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    BOOK REVIEWS (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Book reviewed in this article:McILROY, R. J. An introduction to tropical grassland husbandry.MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE FISHERIES AND FOOD. Bulletin 195: Fertilizers for the farm
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01187.x
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  • 23
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    CONTROL OF HYPOMAGNESAEMIC TETANY BY FOLIAR APPLICATION OF CALCINED MAGNESITE (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: An experiment on the prevention of hypomagnesaemic tetany by foliar application of calcined magnesite was carried out with the dairy herd of Greenmount Agricultural College. Hypomagnesaemia and tetany were prevented by‘dusting’ pasture with calcined magnesite at the rate of 28 lb per acre just before grazing, whereas hypomagnesaemia and cases of tetany (including one death) occurred when the animals were grazing pasture which had not been dusted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01159.x
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  • 24
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    DIFFERENTIAL SURVIVAL OF PLANT TYPES IN SWARDS (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Populations of Lolium spp., Dacrylis spp., and Phleum, each based on two or more cultivars, were subjected to three managements and iwo nitrogen levels. Rapid changes i n population structure occurred in response lo agronomic selection pressures and some cultivars were eliminated from the swards in less than four years, even though they were able to persist for longer periods when sown separately. The frequency and method of defoliation, time of nitrogen application, and edaphic factors produced changes i n the proportion of the cultivar subgroups in the populations, and there were indications of differential survival within cultivars. The results are discussed in relation to the utilization of cultivars in mixtures and the selective action of biotic and edaphic factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01162.x
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  • 25
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    PLANT JUICES IN RELATION TO SILAGE FERMENTATION (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The release of the plant-cell juices is a prerequisite for a lactic-acid fermentation in silage. Investigations with plant material at different moisture contents have indicated that above about 2 g water per g dry matter sufficient juice is released from properly ensiled material to permit the onset of fermentation; below this moisture content lactic-acid production is delayed, if not prevented.When material of suitable moisture content is ensiled at a temperature of 25°C, the onset of fermentation is somewhat slower than at 40°C. However, within these limits, the temperature is not critical, provided that the silage is completely sealed to exclude air. The infiltration of even small amounts of fresh air delays the release of the juices and, especially at the lower temperatures, often results in an undesirable fermentation.A number of miscellaneous treatments, designed to hasten the release of the juices, failed to show any advantages in small-scale tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01167.x
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    THE GROWTH OF LAMBS AT PASTURE (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The two years' experiments described compared the growth of suckling lambs on ‘long’ and ‘short’ ryegrass swards. The animals were carried at a moderate stocking rate. Differences in sward height were established before grazing began and were maintained throughout each season. There were no significant differences in lamb growth between treatments. The structures of the swards are discussed in relation to the results, and the possible effect of differences in parasitic infestation on ‘long’ and ‘short’ swards is considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01171.x
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  • 27
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    INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF GRAZING AND FODDER RESOURCES (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01135.x
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  • 28
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    PLANT JUICES IN RELATION TO SILAGE FERMENTATION (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Using ryegrass and lucerne silages, investigations were made into the relationship between plant-cell breakdown, as evidenced by a collapse of the silage mass and by an increase in its electrical conductivity, and the initiation of lactic-acid production. Changes in the water activity of the juices available as a medium for the silage bacteria were also examined. It has been shown that cell breakdown and the resultant release of the plant juices Is a necessary pre-requisite for the production of significant amounts of lactic acid during ensilage. The investigation also confirms that the complete exclusion of fresh air from the silage mass can usually be expected to result in cell breakdown within a few hours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01137.x
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  • 29
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    THE EFFECT OF A COVER CROP ON THE SEED PRODUCTION OF LEAFY COCKSFOOT S26 (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: There was a significant reduction in the seed yield of S26 cocksfoot in the first harvest year following undersowing in oats. Yields were markedly improved, however, by the application of extra nitro-chalk in spring, by using a partial cover crop and by cutting the oats for silage.Over three harvest years the financial returns were very similar for all treatments studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01142.x
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    The efficient use of grass (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01146.x
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    Utilization of the metabolizable energy of grass (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01147.x
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    Factors affecting the voluntary intake of grass (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01149.x
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    BOOK REVIEWS (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Book reviews in this article:CLARKE, H. G. Commercial sheep management.VOISIN, A. Grass tetany.WALSH, A. Profitable meat production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01157.x
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    THE DIGESTIBILITY OF THE LEAVES AND STEMS OF PERENNIAL RYEGRASS, COCKSFOOT, TIMOTHY, TALL FESCUE, LUCERNE AND SAINFOIN, AS MEASURED BY AN IN VITRO PROCEDURE (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Determinations of the in vitro digestibilities of leaf-blade, leaf-sheath and stem fractions of the grasses cocksfoot, perennial ryegrass, timothy and tall fescue and of the leaves and stems of lucerne and sainfoin have shown that all parts of the plant have a high digestibility at early stages of growth. With increasing maturity, however, the digestibility of the stem falls off at a much faster rate than that of the leaf; in grasses, leaf-sheath digestibility declines at an intermediate rate. The decline of digestibility is associated with a reduction in the content of water-soluble and protein constituents in the plant, and with a reduction in the digestibility of fibre. This may provide a biochemical basis for the selection of forage plants of high digestibility in plant-breeding studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01188.x
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    AN ASSESSMENT OF (2-CHLOROETHYL) TRIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE AS A POTENTIAL AID TO GRASS-SEED PRODUCTION (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The effects of (2–chloroethyl) trimethyIammonium chloride (CCC) on inflorescence production and culm length in seedlings of Aberystwyth S51 timothy (Phleum pratense L.) are described. Concentrations of CCC ranging from molar to 0.01 molar were applied as a soil drench at a rate of 75 ml/sq. ft to plants at the 3rd, 6th or 8th leaf stage. All treatments reduced the culm length at heading, maximum effect being obtained from those given at the earliest growth stages. The number of heads per plant and the total head-length per plant increased with treatment, showing a maximum after molar treatments at the 6th or 8th leaf stages. Mean head-length remained relatively constant. The results are discussed in relation to seed production problems and the questions to be answered prior to field-scale treatment are outlined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01189.x
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    A COMPARISON OF LEAF AND TILLER GROWTH IN SEVEN PERENNIAL GRASSES AS INFLUENCED BY NITROGEN AND TEMPERATURE (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Leaf and tiller development along the main shoot of cocksfoot, ryegrass, timothy, Hordeum bulbosum, meadow fescue, S170 tall fescue and an Algerian tall fescue are described. Comparisons between plants grown at two levels of applied nitrogen, and in a heated and an unheated glasshouse, from January to April, 1961, showed that timothy, cocksfoot and, to a lesser extent, H. bulbosum and ryegrass, generally developed leaves faster than the fescues. Numbers of live leaves per shoot, and numbers of actively-elongating leaves per shoot declined in a similar varietal order. Despite this, the large leaves of the fescues resulted in their having a leaf area per main shoot equal to, or exceeding that of, the other grasses for most of the experiment. In general, rate of leaf appearance, number of live leaves, number of actively-elongating leaves and leaf length were increased by a high level of N and high temperature, but high tesnperature reduced leaf width and, in some instances, tiller numbers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01175.x
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    RESPONSE OF GRASSLAND TO NITROGENOUS FERTILIZER IN THE WEST OF ENGLAND (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Extensive replicated plot experiments were carried out at Henley Manor Farm from 1956–1961 to obtain accurate measurements of herbage production and response to nitrogenous fertilizers under West of England conditions. 356 plots were used; use of the herbage by both cutting and grazing was studied. The principal results are: Grass/ clover swards (containing approx. 35% clover) grown without nitrogenous fertilizer averaged 75 cwt dry matter per acre per annum. Application of nitro-chalk to initially grass/clover swards reduced the clover content of the herbage. About 133 lb N/annum was required by an all-grass sward to equal the production of a grass/clover sward without N. Attempts to increase production of grass/clover swards by using N for early growth and relying on clover for mid-season growth were unsuccessful in 2 out of 3 years. Swards (initially grass/clover) gave significant increases in total dry-matter production from regular use of the lowest level of N (26.0 or 34.7 lb N/acre/cut or graze) in 44 out of 49 cases. Extremely high yields were obtained from the heaviest use of N (104.2 lb N/acre/silage cut). 52.1 lb N/acre/cut or graze was the optimum rate of application on ail-grass and grass/clover swards. Up to about 350 lb N/acre/annum the dosage-response curve was very nearly straight for all-grass and grass/clover swards. On the grazed plots herbage left ungrazed amounted on average to only 6% of the total. The health of all stock on the high nitrogen plots (as well as all others) was excellent.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01176.x
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    ANIMAL PREFERENCE IN RELATION TO THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND DIGESTIBILITY OF VARIETIES OF COCKSFOOT (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Assessments of animal preference (measured as mean % herbage removed) were made on varieties of cocksfoot in Yorkshire and in Scotland, and parallel chemical analyses were carried out. A similar range of varieties were examined at progressive stages of spring growth at Cambridge. In vitro digestibility tests were made also. In the Yorkshire trials, a significant positive relationship was established between soluble carbohydrates and animal preference and a negative correlation between fibre and animal preference. In Scotland, the relationship between soluble carbohydrate and animal preference was less pronounced. Animal preference in the spring was for the early varieties which have thick and succulent stems up to the stage of ear emergence. In the aftermath animal preferences were less marked.In trials at Cambridge, the early varieties, notably Scotia, were higher than the late varieties both in digestibility and in soluble carbohydrates. This tendency was also present in Scotland but was less pronounced.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01178.x
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  • 39
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    GRASSLAND MANAGEMENT AND MILK PRODUCTION AT THE HANNAH INSTITUTE, 1958–62 (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Details are given of the system of grassland management used on the farm of the Hannah Dairy Research Institute in the 5-year period 1958–62, when the aim was to inerease production economically by achieving a balance between the use of grass, grassland conservation products, home-grown cereals and the minimum amount of purchased feeds.Over the period the number of cows and lst-calf heifers increased from 50 to 53, while the total annual milk production increased from 41,000 to 50,000 gal. The yield of milk increased from 820 to 945 gal. per cow, and from 300 to 380 gal. per acre. Concentrate usage declined from 2.5 to 1.8 lb per gal.The margin of milk sales less purchased feed rose from £111 to £129 per cow in the 5 years and the net output averaged £59 per acre. The health of the stock was excellent.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01184.x
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  • 40
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    GRASS AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS: PRESENT PERFORMANCE AND FUTURE PROSPECTS (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01158.x
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    THE HERBICIDAL CONTROL OF BROAD-LEAVED AND GRASS WEEDS IN ESTABLISHED GRASSLAND (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01163.x
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  • 42
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    THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS MANURING PRACTICES ON THE MAGNESIUM STATUS OF SPRING HERBAGE (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: When light dressings of 0·75, 1·50 and 2·25 cwt muriate of potash per acre (60% K2O) were applied in autumn and spring to swards receiving two levels of sulphate of ammonia, 30 or 60 lb N/acre, and kieserite (29% MgO) at 0, 4 or 12 cwt/acre, magnesium content was reduced as the level of muriate of potash increased. Autumn application resulted in a higher magnesium content, at the expense of the amount of the potash absorbed in the spring herbage. The effects at the lowest levels of application of muriate of potash were slight and became insignificant in later herbage samples.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01166.x
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    EFFECT OF DENSITY OF PLANT POPULATION, PHOTOPERIOD, TEMPERATURE AND LIGHT INTENSITY ON INFLORESCENCE FORMATION IN WHITE CLOVER (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: During 1959–62 a study was nmdc of the effect or the density of plant population, photoperiod, temperature and light intensity on stolon rornialion, floral induetion, bud expansion and inflorescence development in S184 white clover.The density of the plant population alfected not only stolon and inflorescence formation, but also the root system. The‘open’ sward with about 60 plants per sq. yd gave the highest number of inflorescences per unit area, and al the same time contained few plants with tap roots.White clover had a long-day photoperiodjc requirement, but there was variation between the individual plants in their requirements of daylength, temperature and light intensity.Overwintering did not appear to be essential for floral induction and primordia development. Too low or too high temperatures during the overwintering period appeared, respectively, to delay or stimulate vegetative growth, while both extremes of temperature seemed to delay floral induction and reduce inflorescence formation. A medium range of temperature (40°–55°F) followed by an increasing temperature, daylength and light intensity, appeared to be most satisfactory for primordia initiation and flowering.There is some inter-relation between temperature and light intensity, but light intensity stimulates vegetative growth and development of the primordia, as well as being essential for the formation of numerous inflorescences.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01168.x
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    THE YIELDS AND COMPOSITION OF LUCERNE, GRASS AND CLOVER UNDER DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF MANAGEMENT (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The mean yields of 4 varieties of lucerne were compared under 5 methods of growing: broadcast with and without grass; drills 2 ft apart; alternate lucerne/grass drills 1 ft apart; spaced plants. One cut was harvested in the sowing year and 3 cuts a year for the next 3 years.The alternate lucerne/grass drills yielded 20% less dry matter than the comparable broadcast plots. Broadcasting and sowing in alternate drills had the same effect on the pattern of lucerne/grass competition. The meadow fescue companion produced its highest yield at the first cut and there was a marked drop during each year and from year to year. There was little evidence of nitrogen transfer from the lucerne to the grass.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01172.x
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  • 45
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    COMPETITION BETWEEN PERENNIAL RYEGRASS AND MEADOW FESCUE UNDER FIELD-PLOT CONDITIONS (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Perennial ryegrass and meadow fescue were grown alone and in association in field plots, to gain an idea of the nature and importance of the competitive interactions between them, and their relative contributions to the yield of the newly-established sward.Experiments over 10 weeks and 9 months both showed that the contribution by fescue to the overall dry-matter yield was severely restricted by perennial ryegrass. There were no deaths of fescue plants during the experimental period (which included an overwintered treatment). The depression in yield was rather a result of a marked decrease in size and weight of the individual plants, brought about by competition for light and nutrients from the faster-growing ryegrass.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01136.x
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    THE INFLUENCE OF TWO LEVELS OF NITROGENOUS FERTILIZING ON THE LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY OF LEYS (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Two levels of nitrogen application (70 and 180 lb per acre per annum) were compared on 6 long-duration leys. The treatments were repeated for periods of up to 4 years on tiie same swards. The higher N dressing produced 2230 lb more dry matter per acre than the low rate, an increase of 28%, and the yield was also more evenly spread throughout the season. There was virtually no clover on the high-N swards. The proportion of clover varied under low N but tended to increase as the season progressed. The sown grasses remained the dominant sward constituents throughout the experiment, and there was no sign of loss of vigour on the high-N swards. Utilized-starch-equivalent outputs were calculated from 3 different swards for 1956–8 and there was a significant positive correlation between the dry-matter yields and utilized-starch-equivalent output of swards.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01139.x
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    PANICLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANT VIGOUR IN DACTYLIS GLOMERATA L. IN RELATION TO DATE OF SOWING AND PLANTING (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Cocksfoot sown late in summer or early in autumn to provide a seed crop the following year generally produces a disappointing yield. The experiments described were set up to study this problem. Seeds of four varieties, American, Danish and two British cocksfoots, were sown at fortnightly intervals during the spring and summer of 1956. The sowings were repeated in 1957 with the addition of Potomac, a bred variety from USA, and an ecotype from Israel.Plants sown after mid-May showed a diminishing capacity to produce panicles the following summer. The last sowing in 1957 caused the weight of green hay per plant in 1958 to be at least 50% below that of the spring-sown plants, and panicle number to drop 60–80%. Sowing after mid-May affected panicle development in the autumn and in the following hay crop. Date of sowing had no effect on mean date of panicle emergence in the following summer. In the populations as a whole, neither the presence nor the number of panicles in the first autumn was related to productivity in the hay stand.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01143.x
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    Ruminal volatile fatty acid production in relation to animal production from grass (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01148.x
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    GRASSLAND RECORDING. I A REPORT ON AN INVESTIGATION INTO GRASSLAND RECORDING ON COMMERCIAL DAIRY FARMS, SPONSORED BY THE BRITISH GRASSLAND SOCIETY (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01152.x
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    THE EFFECT OF COMPANION GRASS AND SEED RATE ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF A TALL-FESCUE SWARD (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The effects of sowing from 10 to 50 lb/acre of tall-fescue seed on plant establishment and on the annual and seasonal distribution of DM yield of tall fescue and its companion grasses were measured through two growing seasons. Increasing the seed rate increased plant numbers per unit area and decreased per cent establishment. Adding Scots timothy as a companion grass depressed both plant number and per cent establishment. S37 cocksfoot and New Zealand perennial ryegrass reduced both still further. Total annual dry-matter production was relatively unaffected by varying either the seed rate or the companion grass. The contribution of tall fescue to total production was highest when sown alone and was successively reduced by timothy, perennial ryegrass and cocksfoot. When sown alone there were only slight differences in contribution of tall fescue due to seed rate. With any companion grass the contribution from tall fescue increased with increasing seed rate. Early growth was not reduced by modifying seed rate but was reduced by all the companion grasses. It is concluded that increasing the seed rate of tall fescue above 30 lb is not justified, that Scots timothy can be sown at 3 lb/acre with tall fescue without affecting total production or early growth of the mixture, with the advantages of control of unsown species and improved palatability of the herbage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01181.x
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    THE YIELD AND COMPOSITION OF LUCERNE, GRASS AND CLOVER UNDER DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF MANAGEMENT (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Differences resulting from previous cropping were shown in the yields of the first test crop of rape and also in the second test crop of oats which followed. Rape yields were highly correlated with the yield of the legume crop harvested earlier in the season, the highest residual effect being observed after lucerne, followed by lucerne/grass, red clover/ grass and grass alone, in descending order. The application of nitrogen to the legume and grass swards reduced the yield of oats, the second test crop. Here again, lucerne gave better residual yields than grass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01186.x
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    THE EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM STORAGE ON THE VIABILITY OF S23 PERENNIAL RYEGRASS SEED AND ON SUBSEQUENT PLANT DEVELOPMENT (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Eight lots of seed of S23 perennial ryegrass which had been artificially dried to different moisture levels and stored for 20 years were tested for germinating capacity, and the effects of long-term storage on subsequent plant development were studied. The results of the germination tests indicated a continuation of the downward trend in viability previously reported. Observations on the derived mature plants revealed no difference between lots in general growth habit; a few seedlings showed symptoms of some retardation in growth but most plants manifested the high tillering and prostrate growth typical of S23 perennial ryegrass. Pollen fertility was markedly reduced in 38% of all the plants sampled. The seed-setting capacity was affected to an even greater extent, 44% of the plants giving seed-set values decidedly below those obtained for plants grown from new seed. Where pollen fertility had been much reduced, seed-setting also was usually low, but there were some instances of satisfactory pollen fertility associated with a low seed set.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01160.x
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    THE USE OF GRAZING CONTROL FOR INTENSIVE FAT-LAMB PRODUCTION (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Three grazing managements (set stocking, 4-paddock rotation, 8-paddock rotation), each with an undivided lateral creep area, were studied. Each of these managements carried 2 stocking rates (6 ewes and twin lambs per acre, 10 ewes and twin iambs per acre) and the sub-divided managements were grazed at 2 severities of grazing.Stocking rate had a major effect upon the lambs' liveweights but did not significantly affect the ewes’ liveweights. Lambs on set-stocking managements had a significantly higher rate of liveweiglit gain than lambs on managements with sub-divided ewe areas. Under lax grazing, for much of the experimental period, the lambs had a significantly higher rate of liveweight gain and the ewes had significantly higher liveweights than under severe grazing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01165.x
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    A STUDY OF THE DEPTH OF GERMINATION OF TROPICAL GRASSES: A NEW APPROACH (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A suggested new method for studying the depth of grass seed germination and emergence is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01170.x
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    BOOK REVIEWS (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Book review in this article:WORDEN, A. N. SELLERS, K. C. TRIBE, D. E. Animal health, production and pastureSTAPLEDON, G. [WALLER, R. Ed.] Human ecology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01173.x
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  • 56
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    THE USE OF GRAZING CONTROL FOR INTENSIVE FAT-LAMB PRODUCTION (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The effects of three stocking rates on fat-lamb production were examined. These stocking rates were imposed upon four grazing systems. The grazing managements had no significant1 effects upon the rate of liveweight gain or the total liveweight of lamb produced per acre, nor were the ewes’ liveweights significantly affected. Reasons are suggested. The lambs’ rate of liveweight gain was related negatively and the total liveweight of lamb produced per acre was related positively to stocking rate. The ewes’ liveweights were similarly affected, there being the highest losses of liveweight under the high stocking rate. In all cases significant differences existed between the stocking rates and there was a significant linear relationship between them. It is concluded that high stocking rates are essential to obtain the maximum fat-lamb production on a ‘per acre’ basis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01134.x
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    THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF NITROGEN ECONOMY IN GRAZING EXPERIMENTS (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: An hypothesis relating to the circulation of nitrogen between soil, plants and animals in fertilized grassland is presented. It embodies the results of small-plot experiments and grazing trials on serai grassland in South Africa. Where the value of land is low in comparison with the cost of fertilizer, it is essential that the maximum response be obtained from fertilizer as well as from excretal N. The assumption that 80% of herbage N is returned as excreta, of which 25% is recovered by the grasses in the first season and 25% in the second season, appears to be in accord with liveweight data. Using average values of soil N and fertilizer recovery under local conditions, it is argued that applying 30 lb N per acre (with an initial heavy dressing) should provide higher percentage recoveries of fertilizer N than fixed annual dressings of 60 Ib N per acre. In grazing trials over five years, in which these systems are compared, the apparent recoveries of fertilizer N in animal liveweight were respectively 22.4% and 11.6%.A distinction is drawn between the initial build-up of nitrogen in circulation and the long term maintenance of a nitrogen level providing maximum recovery of fertilizer N.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01174.x
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    STUDIES IN CALF MANAGEMENT (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Twin steer calves were used to compare the effects of early weaning indoors with those of rearing on the bucket at pasture. Calves born in the autumn and reared indoors joined their twins at pasture when about 6 months old; those born in the spring were approximately 12 months old when turned out.There was little difference between the performance of indoor- and outdoor- reared calves born in the autumn. Usually, the spring-born calves indoors were about 150 lb heavier than their twins at 12 months of age. This difference normally disappeared by the end of the grazing season and twins became fit for slaughter at the same time. No difference could be found in carcass conformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01180.x
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    PLANT JUICES IN RELATION TO SILAGE FERMENTATION III. Effect of water activity of juice (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The water activity of juice available for fermentation, after breakdown of the cell walls during the ensiling of plant material, depends largely on the moisture content of the sample. Water activity increases with moisture content, but probably never becomes so high as seriously to limit lactic-acid fermentation, although high moisture contents have other detrimental effects. With low moisture contents, the limited availability of the juice rather than its lowered water activity is most probably the factor primarily responsible for poor lactic-acid production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01182.x
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  • 60
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    SEED FORMATION IN PERENNIAL RYEGRASS (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: During the interval from seed set to advanced shedding in a crop of S24 perennial rye-grass, a study was made of: seed drying, the increase in germinating capacity and weight of seed, and the shedding of florets. The seed in early-emerged heads dried more rapidly than that in later heads, and the seed in the upper parts of each spike was drier than in the lower parts. Seeds in early heads attained maximum germination values about 18 days after anthesis. The maximum value was lower in later heads and was not reached until approximately 26 days. Seed in early heads was 67% heavier than that in late heads and the basal florets in each spikelet contained heavier seed than more distal ones. The maximum weight of individual seeds was reached at about the same time in early-emerged and intermediate heads, at about 22 to 26 days after anthesis. Seed in late heads continued to inerease during the whole interval studied. Shedding began before seed reached maximum dry weight and continued at a constant rate. The combination of these processes led to the maximum yield of seed, of 100% germination, being obtainable over a period between 20 and 26 days after anthesis. Criteria are given which would permit this stage to be recognized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01185.x
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    INFLUENCE OF PLANT EXTRACTS ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF EIGHT FORAGE SPECIES (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Seeds of four legumes and four grasses were germinated in the presence of aqueous extracts of the same species, using distilled water as a check. Measurements were taken to determine the effect of the extracts on germination, root growth and shoot growth. Based on the number of significant reactions to the extracts, the species may be classified in the following order of decreasing inhibition: alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil, Ladino clover, red clover, reed canary grass, brome grass, timothy and orchard grass. Conversely, alfalfa and timothy were the species least affected by the extracts while reed canary grass was the most susceptible. Other species were in an intermediate range. With the exception of alfalfa, extracts of aerial portions of the plants had greater inhibitory effects than root extracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01161.x
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    THE GRASSES AND GRASSLAND CULTIVATION OF BRITAIN II. 1700–1900 (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01164.x
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  • 63
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    THE SAMPLING OF PIT SILAGE TO DETERMINE DENSITY AND DRY MATTER (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Tools and technique for sampling pit silage to determine dry matter and density are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01169.x
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    GRASSLAND REFLECTIONS (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01132.x
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    THE INDUCTIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR FLOWERING OF SOME TEMPERATE GRASSES (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A survey was made of the flowering responses of 47 annual, biennial and perennial grasses, to measure the extent of any winter requirement for floral induction, and to see how far this could be provided by controlled cold or short-day treatment.The annual species showed little or no inductive requirement, nor did the perennials Arrheuatherum elatius, Ceratochloa unioloides, Phleum pratense and Poa nemoralis. Most perennials possessed a definite inductive requircinent. A few species, such as Lolium perenne, responded to both cold and short-day given to the young seedling, while others, such as Phleum nodosum, Agrostis alba, A. canina, A. stolonifera and A. tenuis, responded to short-day induction but not to cold.Many temperate perennials, however, including Cynosurus cn'status, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca pratensis, F. rubra, Poa pratensis and P. trivialis did not respond to seedling induction and possibly have a juvenile stage before they are able to respond to inductive conditions.The sequence of flowering responses in the temperate perennial grasses is evidently more complex than was previously thought, and the perennial habit can be achieved by many different developmental pathways.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01133.x
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    A NOTE ON SILAGE ADDITIVES (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 19 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A small-scale conservation experiment is described in which molasses, zinc bacitracin and dried sugar-cane juice were compared as additives to grass silage. The results indicate that all these additives improved the quality of the silage, but do not suggest any significant decrease in dry-matter loss due to the use of preservatives.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01138.x
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    The Hydrogen Ion Titration Curves of Native, Heat-Coagulated and Frozen-Stored Myofibrils of Cod and Beef (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Between pH 2 and pH 10.5 the titration curve of washed native cod myofibrils can he accounted for solely on the basis of the probable dissociation constants of the carboxyl, histidyl, lysyl, and tyrosyl groups of the constituent proteins. On heat coagulation of washed cod myofibrils, a slight shift in the titration curve toward more alkaline pH's occurs, particularly between pH 4.5 and 7.0, but no evidence was obtained for experimentally significant changes in the numbers of titratable acid or basic groups. The titration curves of cod myofibrils prepared from fish stored at −14° for periods from 1 week up to 2 yr are very similar, and no evidence was obtained for loss of titratable acid or basic groups during frozen storage. The changes that occur in the titration curve of beef myofibrils on heat coagulation are similar to those occurring in the titration curve of cod myofibrils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb00437.x
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    Measurement of Hypoxanthine in Fish as a Method of Assessing Freshness (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The hypoxanthine contents of fresh fillets taken from three species of fish in Pacific Northwest waters were found to he almost zero, and increased at a fairly uniform rate during the first 8-10 days of storage in melting ice. The hypoxanthine content reached maximum values in about 8-10 days. Total nucleotides reached a minimum in about 6-8 days. Fillets stored at −20°F showed practically no change in hypoxanthine content during four, months of storage.Hypoxanthine can be rapidly measured and the data can be used to judge the length of time fish has been held in storage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb00435.x
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    The Influence of Chemical Additives on the Heat Resistance of Salmonella typhimurium in Liquid Whole Egg (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The heat resistance of Salmonella typhimurium in liquid whole egg at pH 5.5 and 55°C was reduced significantly by a number of chemical additives. Of these, the most effective were β-propiolactone, ethylene oxide, and butadiene dioxide. Additional advantages of ethylene oxide and β-propiolactone were the elimination of S. typhimurium from heavily inoculated whole-egg slurry during storage at 0°C and a markedly increased lag phase of growth of the test organism in egg incubated at 30°C. Butadiene dioxide, although not tested at 0°C, was most effective in reducing heat resistance at pH 5.5 and 55° C, and also greatly increased the lag phase of the test organism at 30° C. Unfortunately, this latter compound is carcinogenic to mice.Acetic or lactic acid, used to lower the pH of liquid whole eggs, decreased the heat resistance of S. typhimurium more effectively than did hydrochloric acid, especially at pH 5.5 arid 6.0. Formic and propionic acids also were more effective than HCl when all were tested at pH 5.5. Differences in degree of dissociation between hydrochloric and the organic acids are thought to account, in large measure, for these observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01741.x
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    Heat-Activation Kinetics of Endospores of Bacillus subtilis (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Bacillus subtilis strain 5230 endospores suspended in water at a concentration of ca. 1 × 108 spores per ml were heat-activated at eight temperatures ranging from 5 to 94°C. The response was measured by plate count and recorded as the beat-activated decimal fraction of the total viable count. The method for determining total viable count ineluded a medium containing CaCl2 and Na2 dipicolinate. This medium enumerated total viable populations, which were equivalent to total direct microscopic counts, without the usual beat-treatment requirement. A method was developed to evaluate the contribution by the plate-count incubation to the total heat treatment. The exposure times were corrected to compensate for the incubation heat treatment. The heat-activation response was obtained throughout the entire range of test temperatures; however, the exposure time required to achieve the response was extended as temperature was decreased. The logarithm of the rate of heat activation was related to the test temperature, i.e., at a lower temperature, a longer time was required for the response. The thermo-dynamic properties for the system were: ΔH
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01742.x
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    Influence of Buffers and pH on the Thermal Destruction of Spores of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus polymyxa (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Spores of Bacillus megaterium 1A28 and B. polymyxa 1A39 were heated at 100°C in buffers adjusted to different pH values. Generally, recovery of survivors was greatest in the neutral zone. Variations in recovery of survivors were attributable to the organism, buffer constituents, and pH of the buffer system. Use of different phosphate salts had no influence on destruction; stability was greatest in a range of .005—.050M phosphate. Citrate, phthalate, or ammonium ion in the buffer usually reduced heat resistance of the spores below that demonstrated in phosphate buffer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01744.x
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    Volatile Chemical Compounds in Dry-Cured Hams (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Volatile compounds isolated from dry-cured hams were tentatively identified by gas chromatography retention times and further verification of the compounds made by infrared spectroscopy. These compounds were as follows: formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, n-valeraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, acetone, diacetyl, methyl ethyl ketone, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and isocaproic acid. RF values and selective indicators were used to identify ammonia and methylamine. Selective trapping was used to identify hydrogen sulfide and trace amounts of disulfides and/or monosulfides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01706.x
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    An Electronic Analog for the Olfactory Processes (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Polarized microelectrodes were utilized as sensing devices, analogous to the human olfactory hairs, for qualitative and quantitative responses to volatiles. The measured response current is attributed to the interaction of a volatile with an electrical double layer at the electrode interface. The use of different microelectrode metals, electrolytes, and impressed voltages makes possible different electrical double-layer phenomena. With the use of only a few of the many possible combinations of electrode metals, electrolytes, and impressed voltages, differential-response sensitivity was obtained for a variety of volatiles at any given microelectrode condition. A comparison of the responses of several odorants at a number of different electrode conditions demonstrated a differential-response specificity similar to that thought to occur in the human at different olfactory receptor sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01746.x
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    Irradiation-induced Textural Change in Fruits and Its Relation to Pectin Metabolism (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Textural changes of pears and peaches exposed to gamma radiation of 300, 600, and 900 Krads were found to correspond to a decrease in proto-pectin content and an increase in pectin and pectate fractions of the fruits. Characterizations of the 700% alcohol-insoluble solids prepared from these fruits revealed only minor differences in respect to their anhydrouronide and acetyl content and degree of esterification. To account for the marked effects of radiation, activities of pectic enzymes extracted from irradiated fruits were investigated. Pectin methylesterase showed an increased activity immediately after doses of 300 and 600 Krads, and enzymes extracted from fruit four days after irradiation had a reduced activity. Pears, peaches, and nectarines irradiated under nitrogen atmosphere softened much less than fruits irradiated under air. While this may be attributed to the reduced formation of free radicals under anoxic conditions, a further experiment with pectin solutions exposed to gamma radiation under similar atmospheric conditions did not support this suggestion. The changes in 1% pectin solutions were related to radiation dose, but were remarkably similar regardless of the presence or absence of oxygen during exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01745.x
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  • 75
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    The Fatty Acid Composition of Liver Lipids from Rats Raised on Pork Rations (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The liver lipid fatty acid composition of animals raised on pork rations was determined and compared with that of animals raised on a stock ration. The pork rations contained approximately 25% crude lipid, the proportion of oleic acid being 46–50%. The relation between the dietary and liver lipid fatty acid compositions was evaluated, with the most striking relationship being that between dietary and liver lipid oleate/linoleate ratios. The tissue levels of oleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids provided supporting evidence for the existence of a competitive effect of oleic acid in the conversion of linoleic to arachidonic acid. The results suggest that the dietary oleate/linoleate ratio is of importance in essential fatty acid nutrition in rations containing appreciable quantities of oleic acid. The sex variable, as it applies to the relation between dietary and liver lipid, was also evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01707.x
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  • 76
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    Processing Characteristics of Porcine Muscle Related to pH and Temperature During Rigor Mortis Development and to Gross Morphology 24 hr Post-Mortem (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: pH and temperature in muscle during the onset of rigor mortis as well as gross morphology of muscle 24 hr post-mortem were related to fluid losses and associated properties during refrigerated storage, cooking, and thawing. When rigor mortis onset occurred at pH values below 5.9 and temperature above 35°C, the longissimus dorsi muscle became pale and exudative. Evaporative cooking losses amounted to 40–45% of the sample weight and resulted in slow cooking rates and high shear-force values. Conversely, when the onset of rigor mortis occurred while pH values remained above pH 6.0 the muscles were dark and firm, with superior juice-retaining properties. Less than 20% of the sample weight was lost by evaporation during cooking, allowing the muscle temperature to rise at about twice the rate found for pale exudative muscle. Some muscles were found to be exudative and have low pH values (5.2) while retaining a dark red color. These muscles were found to have storage, cooking, and organoleptic properties similar to those found for pale exudative muscle. Storage of muscle samples at either 0°C or 6°C did not improve color, pH, juice retention or cooking characteristics. Gross morphology of muscle chilled 24 hr was associated more closely with thaw drip formation than with freezing or thawing conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01714.x
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  • 77
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    Prevention of Pale, Soft, Exudative Porcine Muscle Through Regulation of Ante-Mortem Environmental Temperature (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Thirty-seven Poland China pigs of uniform weight were subjected to various (warm, cold, warm-cold) ante-mortem treatments. The warm treatment (42–45°C) resulted in rapid post-mortem glycolysis, rapid onset of rigor mortis at a low pH and high temperature, and the development of extremely pale, soft, and exudative musculature with a marked loss in juice retention and protein solubility. Although muscle characteristics improved markedly from cold treatment (1–3°C), the most desirable muscles were produced by the warm treatment followed immediately by cold treatment. The latter treatment resulted in lower muscle temperature and reduced levels of glycogen and certain glycolytic components at the time of death. These muscles exhibited a limited glycolysis, rapid onset of rigor mortis but at a low temperature and high pH, and appeared dark, dry, and firm, with superior juice retention and greater protein solubility. The cold-to-warm treatment failed to provide uniformity in the development of post-mortem changes in color and structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01720.x
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  • 78
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    Changes in Some B Vitamins During Molding of Soybeans by Rhizopus Oryzae in the Production of Tempeh Kedelee (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01722.x
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  • 79
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    Development of Microorganisms and Fluorescence on Poultry Dipped in Water Containing Iron (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Studies were undertaken to determine the effects of iron on the microbiological quality and fluorescence of poultry dipped in solutions containing different concentrations of the metal. When pseudomonads were grown in different broth media, fluorescent pigment production differed with bacterial species, amount of iron, and medium used. Growth was inhibited by the chelating agent, 8-hydroxyquinoline; inhibition was reversed by addition of iron. When chicken was dipped in solutions containing 0, 0.1, 1, and 5 ppm iron, and stored 1 week at 5°C, fluorescence was greatest in broth inoculated with organisms from poultry treated with the two highest concentrations. Bacterial growth was also greatest on chicken in the presence of 1 ppm added iron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01721.x
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  • 80
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    Biological Evaluation of Protein in Steamed and Baked Breads and in Bread Ingredients (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The protein quality of baked whole-wheat bread and of the unbaked ingredients was estimated from: 1) change in body weight of rats; 2) protein efficiency ratio; 3) biological value (nitrogen-balance method); and 4) net protein utilization (change in carcass nitrogen). Steamed bread was evaluated by methods 1, 2, and 4. By all methods, the protein quality of baked bread was significantly less than that of the unbaked ingredients. Differences ranged from 9 to 53%, depending on the method of testing. The protein quality of steamed bread was the same as, or slightly less (0 to 9%) than, that of the unbaked ingredients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01723.x
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  • 81
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    Taste Interrelationships. V. Sucrose, Sodium Chloride, and Citric Acid in Lima Bean Purée (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A highly trained panel of nine judges determined the taste interactions of supra threshold concentrations of sucrose, sodium chloride, and citric acid in lima bean purée. The results were in good agreement with previous results with solutions of distilled water, in which: 1) sucrose and citric acid exhibited a mutual masking effect, and 2) sucrose and sodium chloride produced mutual masking except for low levels of sodium chloride (0.05 and 0.10%), which slightly enhanced the apparent sweetness of 0.4 and 0.8% sucrose. Sodium chloride generally depressed sourness, but citric acid significantly increased the saltiness of all levels of sodium chloride. The large amount of individual-judge variation, especially in the acid-salt comparisons, is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01724.x
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    Reactions Involved in Sulfite Bleaching of Anthocyanins (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The bleaching of anthocyanins by sulfur dioxide is a reversible process that does not involve hydrolysis of the 3-glycosidic group, reduction of the pigment, or addition of bisulfite to a ketonie, chalcone derivative. In sulfite decoloration the reactive species is the anthocyanin carbonium ion (R+). The experimental evidence indicates that this simply reacts with a bisulfite ion to form a colorless chromen-2 (or 4)-sulfonic acid (R-SO3H), similar in structure and properties to an anthocyanin carbinol base (R-OH).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01685.x
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    ERRATUM (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01688.x
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  • 84
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    Fatty Acid Composition as Influenced by Dietary Fatty Acids and Vitamin E Status in the Rabbit (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Weanling New Zealand rabbits received a semipurified diet containing either semipurified oleic acid or semipurified linoleic acid, both with and without vitamin E. Rabbits receiving the oleic acid without vitamin E failed to develop skeletal muscle degeneration at 12 weeks, in comparison to marked degeneration at 8 weeks in the comparable group receiving linoleic acid. This would indicate that vitamin E requirements were very low when oleic acid was in the diet. Gallstones, composed largely of cholesterol, were plentiful in rabbits receiving oleic acid at 12 weeks, and a few were noted in rabbits receiving linoleic acid at 8 weeks. The gallstones were slightly more plentiful in females than males, but were not greatly influenced by the vitamin E status. The influence of the dietary fatty acid upon the fatty acid composition of the liver, kidneys, heart, adipose deposits, skeletal muscle, and thoracic aorta was profound. The liver of rabbits receiving oleic acid was slightly less affected than the other organs, while the heart and adipose deposits of rabbits receiving linoleic acid were affected slightly more than the other organs. The sex did not appreciably influence the organ fatty acid percentages. Minor differences in fatty acid percentages were noted between rabbits receiving vitamin E and their deficient counterparts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01686.x
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    The Antioxidant Activity of Vegetable Extracts I. Flavone Aglycones (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Hot-water extracts of several plant tissues showed the following descending order of antioxidant activity, both as cover solutions of meats and in artificial systems: green onion tops, green pepper seeds, green peppers, celery, potato peels, green onions, and tomato peel. The over-all antioxidant activity of extracts was not changed by hydrolysis of flavone glycosides, indicating that the naturally occurring glycosides possessed the same activity as the aglycones. The antioxidant activities of several known aglycones were compared and related to structural characteristics. Quereetin derivatives were the principal flavones of the extracts studied. Quereetin isolated from hydrolyzed extracts accounted for a large portion, hut not all, of the antioxidant activity of the extracts. Because of their effectiveness in heme-catalyzed systems, the most significant role of the extracts as antioxidants is apparently their ability to break the chain reaction in lipid oxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01689.x
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  • 86
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    Changes in Chicken Muscle Proteins During Aseptic Storage at Above-Freezing Temperatures (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Analysis of chicken muscle proteins of 10-week-, 4-month-, and 8-month-old birds, stored under aseptic conditions at 0, 2, and 5°C, showed quantitative changes in the total extractable, myofibrillar, sarcoplasmic, and non-protein-nitrogen fractions during 7 weeks storage. Changes were small in the stroma-protein fraction, actomyosin fraction, and the myosin-adenosinetriphos-phatase activity of the actomyosin fraction. The myosin fraction increased during storage except in breast muscle of 10-week-old birds. The sarcoplasmic-protein fraction decreased in the leg muscle of 10-week-old birds and the breast muscle of 4- and 8-month-old birds, but not in the breast muscle of 10-week-old birds. The non-protein-nitrogen fraction and the amount of protein-breakdown products increased in both breast and leg meat, irrespective of bird age. Proteolysis increased with storage time and temperature. The significance of proteolytic changes in quality deterioration is discussed, and the results are compared with those previously obtained for storage at below-freezing temperatures.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01692.x
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    Seasonal Changes Occurring in the Pectinesterase Activity and Pectic Constituents of the Component Parts of Citrus Fruits II. Pineapple Oranges (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pectinesterase activity, 3 pectic fractions, and other characteristics were determined periodically on 5 component parts of Pineapple oranges during a 9.month maturation cycle for 2 seasons. Generally, PE activity was greatest in the peel, membrane, and juice sacs in March, April, and May, when the Brix/acid ratio was highest. However, the activity varied in similar components for like months during the 2 seasons. The order of component parts for PE in most cases, from highest to lowest activity, was juice sacs, membrane, peel, seeds, and juice. Total PE in the average whole orange attained maximum activity in March and April. Over 52% of the activity present was found in the juice sacs, which represented about 22.5% of the whole fruit. Water-soluble pectin increased slightly in the peel and membrane, remained somewhat irregular in the juice sacs, and decreased to a constant level in the seeds throughout the growing season. Ammonium-oxalate-soluble pectin in the peel decreased slightly, and in the other components was either irregular or increased slightly, during maturation. Quantity of protopectin was greatest in the membrane and generally decreased toward the end of the sampling period in the various components. Total pectin and weight of the average whole orange was greater in the 1961–62 season than in the preceding season.
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    Effect of Ionizing Radiations on Plant Tissues. III. Softening and Changes in Pectins and Cellulose of Apples, Carrots, and Beets (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A study was conducted of changes that occur in pectic and cellulose constituents of apple, carrot, and beet tissues as a result of treatment with gamma radiation. In apple tissues, degradation of both these constituents occurred at approximately the dose at which tissue softening could he first demonstrated, and progressed with increasing dose. The degradation of pectins was demonstrated by several criteria, such as the loss of viscosity in the individual fractions, the loss of specific viscosity calculated for a constant uronide or calcium pectate value, and by change in the soluble-insoluble pectin ratio. Cellulose degradation was characterized by a decrease in the specific viscosity calculated for 0.15% cellulose solutions.Although these findings were corroborated in carrot tissues, the softening of beets does not seem to be as clearly accompanied by such marked changes in pectins and cellulose. Whereas previously published data indicated that beets have a higher softening threshold dose than either carrots or apples, this does not explain the differences found. It is suspected that other factors, such as cell turgidity, are involved in the softening process, and is here responsible for this phenomenon.
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    The Effect of Peroxidase on Anthocyanin Pigments (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Purified eyanidin 3-gentiobioside, cyanidin 3-rhamnoglucoside, and pelar-gonidin 3-glucoside are decolorized by horseradish peroxidase in acetate buffer. Among the optimum conditions for the reaction are pH 4.5–5.5, a hydrogen peroxide concentration of 10-4 to 10-3M, and a temperature of 60–70°C. A value equal to 110 × 104M-1× sec-1 was estimated for the reaction horseradish peroxidase-hydrogen peroxide-pelargonidin 3-monoglucoside at pH 4.7.
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  • 90
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    Biochemical and Serological Relationships of Putrefactive Anaerobic Sporeforming Rods Isolated from Pork (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Under anaerobic culture conditions, 120 cultures of sporeforming rods were isolated from fresh and cured pork trimmings and from pork luncheon meat; 22 of these proved to be obligate anaerobic putrefactive organisms. Studied by the Reed and Orr method of rapid identification, the following species were identified: Clostridium. tetanomorphum, Cl. novyi, Cl. carnis, Cl. paraputrificum, Cl. tetani, Cl. histolyticum, and Cl. sporogenes. One culture was similar to Clostridium sp. National Canners Association putrefactive anaerobe 3679 (PA 3679). Serological relationships were determined by using antisera for Cl. sporogenes and PA 3679. No cross agglutination was obtained between Cl. sporogenes and PA 3679. An organism identified biochemically as Cl. carnis agglutinated in dilutions of 1:5120 of PA 3679 antiserum, indicating a very close serological relationship. Several organisms revealed antigens in common with Cl. sporogenes. The organism with biochemical reactions similar to PA 3679 showed no serological relationship to the known species. Serological relationships correlated with heat resistance while biochemical reactions did not.
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  • 91
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    Opportunity and Obligation in Plant Pathology (1964)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 2 (1964), S. 1-12 
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    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.02.090164.000245
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    Taxonomy of the Soft Rot Coliform Bacteria (1964)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 2 (1964), S. 13-42 
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    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.02.090164.000305
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    Parasitism Among Neotropical Phanerogams (1964)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 2 (1964), S. 43-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.02.090164.000355
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    Reproduction in Plant and Soil Nematodes (1964)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 2 (1964), S. 57-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.02.090164.000421
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    Role of Cuticle in the Defense against Plant Disease (1964)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 2 (1964), S. 81-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.02.090164.000501
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    Influence of Plant Exudates on Root-Infecting Fungi (1964)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 2 (1964), S. 101-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.02.090164.000533
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    Host-Specific Plant Toxins (1964)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 2 (1964), S. 133-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.02.090164.001025
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  • 98
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    Biochemistry of Pathological Darkening of Plant Tissues (1964)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 2 (1964), S. 157-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.02.090164.001105
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infection Process in Plant Virus Diseases (1964)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 2 (1964), S. 179-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.02.090164.001143
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
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    Biological and Physiological Aspects of Bacterial Wilt Caused by Pseudomonas Solanacearum (1964)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 2 (1964), S. 203-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.02.090164.001223
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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