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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (41)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
  • SPACE RADIATION
  • 1990-1994
  • 1960-1964  (59)
  • 1960  (59)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1990-1994
  • 1960-1964  (59)
Year
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen transfer in fermentation systems - I. Use of gluconic acid fermentation for determination of instantaneous oxygen transfer ratesPresented before the 136th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Atlantic City, N.J., September 1959. (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 129-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Oxygen transfer has been studied in the Pseudomonas ovalis fermentation that quantitatively converts glucose into gluconic acid. The rate of oxygen uptake by this system was correlated with aeration rates and agitator speeds over wide ranges of these variables, by the introduction of a liquid expansion term. The technique described provides a biological method for studying oxygen transfer in the P. ovalis system; its general principles can be applied to other fermentations.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmte.390020203
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An attempt to determine discriminate use of hydrogen isotopes by bacteria (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 25-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The hydrogenase system of Hydrogenomonas facilis could be induced by either hydrogen or deuterium and the rate of deuterium uptake by the induced cells was the same as that of hydrogen.An attempt has been made to detect discriminate use of hydrogen and deuterium by bacteria. No discrimination could be detected during hydrogenation of methylene blue by Escherichia coli, under the experimental conditions.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmte.390020104
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of antifoam agents on oxygen transfer in deep tank fermentationsIssued as N.R.C. No. 5607 (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 81-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Development of a foam breaker which operates on the principle of rapid acceleration of foam through a nozzle has allowed large-scale aerobic fermentations to be run without addition of antifoam agents. Fermentations have been investigated over a wide range of aeration levels in which oxygen supplied to the organisms was the limiting growth factor.With Torulopsis utilis grown in a 5 per cent molasses medium. oxygen utilization followed an exponential pattern during the early phase of growth, with carbon dioxide production equal to the consumption of oxygen. At the point where oxygen supply to the organism became limiting, anaerobic fermentation began, and the consumption of oxygen remained constant. The level of oxygen absorption beyond which the respiratory quotient exceeded unity was used as a measure of limiting oxygen supply.Addition of three types of antifoam compounds to T. utilis fermentations resulted in a marked depression of oxygen consumption, and a decrease in cell production. Incremental addition of small quantities of antifoam to maintain a constant foam level in the fermentor depressed the oxygen absorption rate to a lesser extent. Sulphite oxidation rates did not reflect the true value of oxygen absorption rates found for fermentations without addition of antifoam.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmte.390020108
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Handling of antifoam oils for fermentationsPresented before the 136th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Atlantic City, N.J., September 1959. (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 143-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Control of foams by oil additions is of large economic importance to the fermentation industry. Excessive foaming causes loss of material and contamination, while excessive oil additions may decrease the product formation. Antifoam oils may be synthetic, such as silicones or polyglycols, or natural, such as lard oil or soybean oil. Either will substantially change the physical structure of foam, principally by reducing surface elasticity.Industrial antifoam systems usually operate automatically from level-sensing devices. Methods for metering of oil under aseptic conditions are: timed delivery through a solenoid, two solenoids with an expansion chamber between, a motor-driven hypodermic syringe, and certain industrial pumps.Distribution devices can improve efficiency over straight-pipe entry. Types described are spray distribution, diverter bars, and wick devices.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmte.390020204
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheological examination of some fermentation brothsPresented before the 136th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Atlantic City, N.J., September 1959. (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 165-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The broths of four important industrial fermentations, namely nystatin, penicillin, and streptomycin fermentations, and a fermentation used for steroid hydroxylation, were examined rheologically. Considerable variation in rheological properties was demonstrated among these fermentations as well as throughout the course of the nystatin and streptomycin fermentations. These latter fermentations, employing Streptomyces strains, were mostly Newtonian in behaviour. Departures from this behaviour twice in the streptomycin fermentation resulted in plastic characteristics. The other two fermentations employing moulds were found to be markedly non-Newtonian, either plastic or pseudo-plastic in their behaviour.Rheological properties of most fermentation broths change appreciably during the course of fermentation. These properties influence the nature of the fluid regime in fermentors and, as a consequence, are important factors when considering mass and heat transfer. Therefore, a knowledge of the rheological behaviour of fermentation broths is an important prerequisite for an intelligent understanding of these transport processes. This paper briefly reviews some of the mathematical flow models used to characterize fluids and reports the rheological examination and analysis of several industrially important fermentation broths containing filamentous micro-organisms.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmte.390020206
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface culture in the mass growth of bacteriaPresented before the 136th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Atlantic City, N.J., September 1959. (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 177-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The present study was conducted to determine the feasibility of growing bacteria in quantity on solid media in closed vessels. Five techniques were investigated in the laboratory, including growth on agar, growth on packing in beds, growth on solids in a fluidized bed, growth in foamed medium, and growth on semipermeable membranes. Data obtained from the laboratory experiments were used to scale up these techniques on paper and compare the projected plants with a conventional submerged fermentation production. All the techniques compared unfavourably with submerged culture on the basis of plant and operating costs, operating complexity, equipment complexity, and safety. One technique of surface culture, growth on semipermeable membranes, appears to offer a decided advantage over submerged culture, in that the cell product can be recovered directly as a paste. Further work on this technique is recommended.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmte.390020207
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Population dynamics in suspension cultures of an animal cell strainThis work was supported by grants C2539 and C3720, National Cancer Institute, by Parke, Davis and Company, Detroit, Michigan and by grant 383 Rackham Funds, The University of Michigan. (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 253-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A composite of several studies by the authors is presented in an attempt to illustrate the use of the suspension culture method to analyze population dynamics of an animal cell strain. On the basis of these studies the nature of the lag and plateau phases is discussed. More extensive discussions of the various studies in relation to the work of others appear elsewhere.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmte.390020303
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass algal culture in space operations (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 299-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A system is described which uses photosynthesis to regenerate oxygen from exhaled carbon dioxide in sealed cabins in the absence of gravity. Design considerations as to choice of algal strain, illumination, nutrients and gas-exchange methods are discussed. Details are given of such an apparatus, of laboratory size, used to evaluate selected semipermeable gas-exchange membranes. Data is presented and extrapolated to estimate size and weight of a possible manned space system.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmte.390020306
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on large-scale methods for propagation of animal cellsPresented to the Fermentation Subdivision Meeting of the American Chemical Society, in Atlantic City, New Jersey, September 13-18, 1959. (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 313-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new strain of cells, designated as PD-MEK-I, and derived from the kidneys of a rhesus monkey embryo, has been isolated and utilized as a prototype for mass propagation in suspended cell cultures, using techniques similar to those developed for antiobiotic fermentations. The use of the large-volume units for cultivation of tissue cells has been applied. These units are useful for preparing masses of cells for studies of cellular antigens, virus assays, antitumour cytotoxicity studies, and other biologically active materials, as well as seed for continuing cultures. In addition, other methods of roller bottle cultures, shaker flask cultures, spinner cultures, and disposable 1-litre prescription bottles, have been modified so that over 35 different human and animal cell lines are being maintained in continuous culture. Any one of these procedures may be modified for preparing and handling large numbers of replicate cultures as well as for maintaining stock seed cultures. The characteristics of growth of cells utilizing these methods are similar to those encountered in microbial populations and the principles of antibiotic fermentation have been applied appropriately.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmte.390020307
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Process report: Large-scale production of foot-and-mouth disease virus (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 327-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A pilot plant is described for the mass cultivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus, in vitro, on calf kidney cell monolayers. The pilot plant produces up to 400 litres of virus per week; it can be enlarged with ease to a sufficient capacity to meet any requirements.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmte.390020308
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