ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (188)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (188)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • 1975-1979
  • 1950-1954  (188)
  • 1953  (188)
  • Physics  (188)
Collection
  • Articles  (188)
Source
Keywords
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (188)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Chemistry  (188)
Publisher
Years
  • 1975-1979
  • 1950-1954  (188)
Year
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über ein neues differentialrefraktometerPresented at the Symposium of the Commission on Macromolecules of the International Union of Chemistry, Strasbourg, June 9-11, 1952. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 73-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: A differential refractometer is described which obtains an accuracy of one decimal more than previous instruments, by determining photometrically from marked graph points the distance of the slit images diffuses by interference. Calibration of the instrument is done experimentally or by calculation. It permits the determination of the dispersion of refractive index. Control measurements in aqueous sucrose solutions are in agreement with the values of the National Bureau of Standards.
    Notes: Es wird ein Differentialrefraktometer beschrieben das gegenüber den bisherigen Instrumenten eine um eine Zehnerpotenz gesteigerte Genauigkeit dadurch erreicht, dass es den Abstand der durch Beugung unscharfen Spaltabbildungen photometrisch aus markanten Kurvenpunkten bestimmen lässt. Das Gerät ist experimentell wie rechnerisch exakt kalibrierbar. Es erlaubt die Bestimmung der Dispersion von Brechungsindexdifferenzen. Kontrollmessungen an wässrigen Rohrzuckerlösungen ergeben gute Uebereinstimmung mit den Werten des National Bureau of Standards.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100107
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shear dependence of the viscosity-concentration equation (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 123-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100112
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Method of determining intrinsic viscosity from data at one concentration (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 126-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100113
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization (high polymers, vol. VIII). TURNER ALFREY, JR., JOHN J. BOHRER, and H. MARK. Interscience, New Rork, 1952, 269 pp. £6.80. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 127-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100115
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-Ray and light scattering by chain molecules in solutionPresented at the Symposium of the Commission on Macromolecules of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Strasbourg, June 9-11, 1952. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 157-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Starting from Debyes theory the problem of x-ray and visible light scattering of chain molecules in solution is shown to be essentially a problem of distance statistics. The exact calculation of the average \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\overline {r^4 }$\end{document} is carried out for a simple model in order to characterize the distance distribution functions as to their width. On that basis a refined approximation of the scattering function is available. By a numerical example the essential features of the preliminary theory are corroborated. It is shown that the scattering function of a coiled chain molecule approaches asymptotically that of the corresponding rigid rod.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100203
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer news (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 200-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100207
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscometric detection of branching in polymers. II. Branching in poly(butadiene-co-styrene) as a function of polymerization temperaturePaper presented at the Canadian High Polymer Forum, held as part of the Annual Conference of the Chemical Institute of Canada, in Montreal, June, 1952. The work, done as part of the requirements for the Master of Science degree, was supported by a grant from the National Research Council of Canada through its Associate Committee on Synthetic Rubber Research. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 185-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Samples of poly(butadiene-co-styrene) - all of charge ratio butadiene:styrene 72:28 - were prepared in emulsion at 15, 30, 40, and 50°C. Essentially the same redox recipe was used for each, with slight modifications to produce in about the same time polymers of similar intrinsic vistex (1.9 to 2.0) at similar conversions (about 65%) well below the gel point. Each sample was fractionated by precipitation from 1% benzene solution with methanol, special pains being taken to obtain fractions of equal size (each around 5% of the original rubber in the sample fractionated). Careful measurements of the viscosity functions [η], β, and k′ for each fraction were made; with every sample except that prepared at the lowest temperature, the values of β and k′ were observed to deviate in the high molecular weight region from the “base value” common to lower fractions, the deviation starting at a lower molecular weight, and being greater at a given high molecular weight, the higher the temperature of polymerization. It is concluded that branching in a diene polymer of this type is repressed as the temperature of polymerization is decreased: the lower the temperature the higher is the molecular weight at which branching is detectable and the lower is the degree of branching at a given molecular weight. In the 15°C. rubber no branching was detectable at any molecular weight.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100206
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of velocity gradient in viscosity measurements of polymethacrylic acid solutions (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 253-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100213
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the rheological properties of fluids by an electronic method (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 257-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: It has long been known that a single point determination can not describe the rheological properties of a fluid. A new method applicable to nonconducting fluids with viscosities ranging from a few hundred to more than 15,000 poises is described. The method consists of a cup and ball in which the ball is forced into rather than pulled out of the cup. Viscosity is measured electronically as a function of the time required for the ball to move a predetermined distance under a given load. Shear rates are variable over very large ranges. Rheological studies were made of a blown castor oil, three polyisobutylenes, and a high viscosity polystyrene. In addition certain physical properties of polyisobutylenes are presented.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100301
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the calculation of molecular weight distributions from kinetic schemes (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 345-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100306
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comments on the question of the correct values for the light scattering powers of pure liquids (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 351-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100307
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monomers, section II. Edited by E. R. BLOUT and H. MARK. Interscience, New York, 1951. 288 pp., £5.00. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 127-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100114
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extreme ultraviolet absorption spectra of various polymersPresented at the Symposium of the Commission on Macromolecules of the International Union of Chemistry, Strasbourg, June 9-11, 1952. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 97-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The extreme ultraviolet absorption spectra between 1700-3000 A of a series of monomers and polymers show that, in addition to absorption due to the presence of chromophores such as phenyl rings and residual double bonds, other factors such as light scattering, orientation or polarization effects, and interaction, both intermolecular and intramolecular, are important in the observed spectra. In polymers such as polystyrene and polybutadiene, the effect due to scattering becomes appreciable (about 20-30%) at about 1700 A but the other factors do not appear to be important. In proteins, the absorption at short wavelengths is seen to be a function of absorbing chromophores as well as of residual double bond character of the polypeptide chain, of light scattering, and orientation or polarization and intramolecular effects. In other polyelectrolytes, such as polyvinylpyridinium chloride, changes in the 2000 A transition indicate that there is a degree of orientation and/or molecular interaction of the aromatic groups in these polymers.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100109
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The changes induced in sodium desoxyribonucleate by dilute acidPresented at the Symposium of the Commission on Macromolecules of the International Union of Chemistry, Strasbourg, June 9-11, 1952. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 109-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Light scattering and viscosity studies have been made on solutions of sodium desoxyribonucleate in 0.2 M NaCl adjusted to pH values of 6.5, 3.0, and 2.6 by dialysis in order to prevent contact with more concentrated acid. It is found that the molecular weight (7,700,000) is the same under these three conditions and remains so when the acid solutions are adjusted to pH 6.5. Upon lowering the pH the molecular size decreases due to increased coiling, but returns to its original value upon reneutralization. At pH 2.6 the mean radius of the molecule is less than half the pH 6.5 value. It is argued that these observations invalidate the existing evidence for degradation or disaggregation accompanying the appearance of new titratable groups. However, it is likely that most of the amino groups have not been titrated at pH 2.6 at the ionic strength employed here. Consequently the possibility remains that the stability at pH 2.6 is a consequence of a hydrogen-bonded structure that is still largely intact.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100110
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellulose acetate plastics. VIVIAN STANNETT. Temple press, london 1950. 325 pp., 30 shillings net. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 128-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100116
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Report on molecular-weight measurements of standard polystyrene samplesThis report, prepared by H. P. Frank and H. Mark, was submitted verbally by H. P. Frank to the Commission on Macromolecules of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry at the meeting in New York on September 8, 1951. This printed version includes a few additional data and was submitted for discussion at the meeting in Strasbourg on June 9, 1952. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 129-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Four polystyrene samples were investigated in numerous laboratories by means of viscosimetry, osmometry, light scattering, and ultracentrifuge. The various results are compared and critically discussed. Possible explanations and suggestions for improvement are offered in those cases where considerable discrepancies occur. The results of viscosimetry and osmometry in general do not give satisfactory agreement whereas the light-scattering data, particularly in the high-molecular-weight range, and the few available ultracentrifugal results agree quite satisfactorily.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100201
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The distribution of polymer fractionsCommunication No. 1500. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 175-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Systems which obey the Flory-Scott equation are discussed, and it is shown that the molecular-weight distribution of increasingly small fractions taken from a polymer solution of the same initial concentration becomes constant. Means of calculating this limiting distribution of an incipient fraction are presented, and it is shown that, in a practical sense, all fractions smaller than the order of one-sixth the polymer present have nearly the same distribution. To obtain sharp fractions it is more efficacious to take a small number of cuts per stage and refractionate a number of times.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100205
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of removal of the easily accessible fraction from cellulose fibers in acid hydrolysisPaper presented before the Section “Cell Wall Constituents,” XIIth International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry, New York, 1951. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 213-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100209
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrinsic viscosity-molecular weight relationships for dextranThis work was sponsored, in part, by the Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 229-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Intrinsic viscosities of dextrans of known branching ratio were measured in water formamide, and in a water-methanol mixture at two temperatures. Weight-average molecular weights (sedimentation equilibrium) ranged from 1.1 × 104 to 1.7 × 106. A model for the hydrolyzed dextran molecule was assumed. Using the methods of Zimm and Stockmayer, the g factor calculated from this model was compared with the g factor obtained from the intrinsic viscosity-molecular weight data through the use of the Flory-Fox theory (g = ratio of squares of radii of gyration of branched to unbranched polymer). The calculated branch lengths required to make consistent the g factors obtained by two different routes were of the same order of magnitude as those found by classical organic chemical methods for other dextran preparations. The intrinsic viscosity-molecular weight relation at 25°C. in water for linear dextran was predicted from the data. It is suggested that investigations of branched polymers of known constitution be carried out by these methods.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100211
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion of acetone into cellulose nitrate films and study of the accompanying orientationPresented before the Division of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, meeting of American Chemical Society, Cleveland, Ohio, April, 1951. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 241-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Studies have been made of sorption and desorption of acetone by films of cellulose nitrate (11 and 12% N) at 30°C. by following the weight of vapor takeup or loss as a function of time. The takeup-time curves show marked inflections and plots of takeup versus \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\sqrt t$\end{document} are initially nonlinear for both sorption and desorption, indicating that Fick's law with the usual boundary conditions is not obeyed. The rate of vapor takeup is also considerably more rapid and different in character for films cast on glass than for films cast on mercury. A striking result is that for successive sorption-desorption cycles the rate of sorption decreases markedly, e.g., by a factor of 16 for five cycles. Studies of the optical anisotropy of the films show that the orientation of the polymer molecules normal to the plane of the film is increased by the diffusion process and it is concluded that this accounts for the decreased rate for successive sorption-desorption cycles and provides an explanation for the diffusion anomalies. A possible cause of this orientation is the observed anisotropic swelling combined with slow movement of the polymer segments.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100212
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization of polyethylene terephthalateContribution No. 13. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 275-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A method for following rapid crystallization in polymers using infrared absorption has been devised. The infrared absorption was correlated quantitatively with the density of polyethylene terephthalate for varying degrees of crystallinity and qualitatively with the change in x-ray diffraction pattern on crystallization of this polymer. This technique has been applied to measure the crystallization-time curves of thin films of polyethylene terephthalate at intervals of 10°C. for temperatures between 120 and 240°C. Half-times from these curves show a minimum near 190°C. The temperature dependence of the data is discussed in terms of the Volmer-Becker-Turnbull theory of nucleation in condensed systems. An activation energy of 20 kcal./mole for short-range diffusion of chain segments is obtained from the temperature coefficient of the observed induction time. The data on the kinetics of the crystallization are compared with the results of an analysis of Avrami. A constant, A, was introduced into Avrami's equation to give: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ V = A(1 - \rm \exp \{ - Bt^k \} )\quad 1\bar 〈 k\bar 〈 4 $$\end{document} A is the limiting volume fraction of crystalline material after a long time and was determined from density measurements. The crystallization was found to follow this equation from 2 through 90% transformation for temperatures from 120 to 180°C. Deviation appeared in the region below 10% transformation at higher temperatures. The value of k was interpreted as indicating plate-like growth at crystallites from 120 to 180°C.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100302
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photochemistry of proteins. XVII. Inactivation of enzymes with ultraviolet light and photolysis of the peptide bond (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 333-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Ribonuclease and carboxypeptidase are inactivated by ultraviolet light (2537 A.) with quantum yields of 0.03 and 0.001-0.005 respectively. The quantum yields for low molecular weight proteins are of the order of 0.03 and are higher than those for splitting peptide bonds in typical peptides (0.004-0.0004 or less). It is postulated that the primary process of inactivation involves modification of aromatic residues in proteins. A possible reason for the inverse relationship between quantum yields and molecular weights of enzymes and proteins is discussed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100305
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared examination of various polyisoprenesThis work was supported by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Office of Rubber Reserve, at Mellon Institute. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 353-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The infrared spectra of synthetic polyisoprenes have been used to obtain quantitative analyses for the various types of addition occurring in the polymers. It is found that the composition of polymers prepared in bulk and emulsion systems is, within experimental error, independent of specific catalyst and per cent conversion of monomer to polymer. The structure of these materials is affected by preparation temperature, increasing temperature leading to a slight increase in 3,4 addition and a large increase in cis 1,4 addition. Polymers prepared in solution with alfin and sodium catalysts show increased amounts of 3,4 addition at the expense of 1,4 addition. Polymers prepared with a cationic catalyst (BF3) are apparently not exclusively linear polyisoprenes.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100401
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of dienes with acrylic and methacrylic acids (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 441-442 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100407
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The reaction of cellulose acetate with acetic acid and waterPresented in part at the Gordon Research Conference on Polymers, A. A. A. S., July 14, 1950, and also at a meeting of the Cellulose Discussion Group, Wilmington, Delaware, April 12, 1951. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 385-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Reaction curves for the simplest of cellulose acetylation systems; namely, the homogeneous reaction of secondary cellulose acetates with acetic acid and water, were studied. These reactions were found to be slow and complex, consisting of two interdependent simultaneous reversible second-order processes. The faster process represented the reaction of primary hydroxyl and acetyl groups, while the slower process represented the reaction of the two secondary hydroxyl and acetyl groups. Equilibrium and rate constants and initial and final concentrations of hydroxyl and acetyl groups were calculated for the two simultaneous reactions. Equilibrium constants for the primary groups favored acetylation, while equilibrium constants for the secondary groups favored deacetylation. Final equilibrium was not affected by the presence of sulfuric acid. On the other hand, rate of reaction was increased in the presence of sulfuric acid, indicating catalysis by this reagent. The reaction mechnanism outlined above was confirmed by comparing primary hydroxyl group contents calculated from acetylation results with primary hydroxyl group contents measured by means of the tritylation reaction. Energies of reaction and energies of activation were calculated. Energies of reaction were low, indicating that equilibrium for this process is very nearly temperature independent. Energies of activation were in agreement with energies of activation for esterifications of simple alcohols, from which it was concluded that the acetylation and deacetylation of secondary cellulose acetates in homogeneous solution is but another example of general acid catalyzed esterification with carboxylic acids and general acid catalyzed hydrolysis of fatty acid esters. Degradation of the cellulose chain molecule was followed throughout these studies and energies of activation for this reaction were calculated. These energies of activation were higher than those for the acetylation reactions. It was concluded that degradation is more severe at higher temperatures for a given change in acetyl group substitution. Initial determination of equilibrium and rate constants for acetic acid acetylation of cellulose acetate has been carried out. It is suggested that through use of such procedures as tritylation analysis, which isolates the reaction of the primary groups from the secondary groups, improved values for these constants may be achieved.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100404
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A color reaction involving vinyl chloride containing polymers and pyridinePresented before the Division of Polymer Chemistry at the 122nd meeting of the American Chemical Society; Atlantic City, New Jersey, September, 1952. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 233-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: When a dilute pyridine solution of vinyl chloride polymers or copolymers is heated and a few drops of alcoholic hydroxide are added to the hot solution, a dark brown color develops. The response of vinyl chloride polymers in this reaction is much more intense than that of most other organic compounds, probably due to the conjugated double bonds produced in the main chain through the loss of hydrogen chloride. In addition to straight degradation of the polymer, the formation of an isocyanine dye is suggested by a mechanism which, besides pyridine and the polymer, involves the alkali alkoxide as a reactant.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110306
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of rate of shear on the reduced viscosities of thymus nucleic acid solutions (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 277-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110309
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscosity, sedimentation, diffusion, and osmotic behavior of long-chain nitrocellulose moleculesReport of a study made under the Research and Marketing Act of 1946. Presented before the Division of Cellulose Chemistry, 121st meeting, American Chemical Society, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, April, 1952. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 463-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Viscosity, sedimentation, diffusion, and osmotic pressure measurements in ethyl acetate are reported on four unfractionated nitrocellulose polymers containing about 13.5% nitrogen and varying in molecular weight from 0.93 to 15 x 105.Detailed viscosity determinations in buret viscometers in the concentration range 0.025 to 0.300 g./dl. and over a range of velocity gradients from about 500 to 5000 sec.-1 are presented. Viscosity data adjusted to fixed shear rates fitted closely the relation ηsp/C = [η] + a2C + a3C2. Plots of ηsp/C vs. C at different shear rates were found to diverge rapidly with increasing concentration. For the nitrate of highest molecular weight, the viscosity was strongly shear-dependent and the intrinsic viscosity appeared to vary from 52 at 3000 sec.-1 to 80 or more at 0 sec.-1. The other samples displayed these tendencies less markedly with decreasing molecular weight. Other extrapolation procedures are also discussed. The intrinsic viscosity data accumulated at 500 sec.-1 could be represented by the relation [η] = KMα; α = 0.99; the molecular weights were those obtained from sedimentation-diffusion measurements on the unfractionated nitrocelluloses. Assuming for practical purposes α = 1, then Km (\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\[= \overline {{\rm DP}} /[{\rm \eta ]}\]) is found to have the value 80 ± 3. Assuming a negligible depolymerization during nitration, the analogous factors required for cupriethylenediamine and for cuprammonium were found to be 170 and 230, respectively. The effect of varying shear rate on these factors is illustrated.The sedimentation constants obtained were readily extrapolated to infinite dilution with an expanded sedimentation-concentration relation, S = S0/(1 + K2C + K′s C2). Diffusion constants were obtained following the second moment method and mathematically extrapolated to zero concentration according to Gralén. Molecular weights were computed with the Svedberg equation. Number average molecular weights were obtained osmotically.Some consideration of the data in terms of the theories of Debye-Bueche and Kirkwood-Riseman is given. It is found that both K-R's and D-B's theories predict the variation of intrinsic viscosity with molecular weight within twice the standard deviation of the observed slope from the frictional coefficient-molecular weight data. In both viscosity and sedimentation the polymer appears, therefore, to behave in an approximately equally “free draining” fashion. For the calculated intrinsic viscosity of a sample of intermediate molecular weight a reasonable value is obtained from the latter theory only; but it is not uniformly successful in predicting all [η]'s, particularly those corresponding to low molecular weights.The relation between Ks, the first interaction coefficient in sedimentation and molecular dimensions, is briefly discussed. Also considered are the interaction coefficients in viscosity, especially as regards their dependence upon velocity gradient.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100503
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In memoriam (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 513-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100601
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Benzoyl peroxide initiated polymerization kinetics of vinyl monomers in various solvents (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 525-542 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Initial rates of polymerization in the presence of benzoyl peroxide as initiator have been determined for methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, and vinyl chloride in order to determine the order of reaction with respect to the monomer concentration. In the case of methyl methacrylate, the order of reaction is 1 if benzene is used as solvent; with tert-butylbenzene, the order of reaction is more complex, and can be interpreted by a “complex” formation mechanism (Mark-Josefowitz) or by cage effect (Matheson). In the case of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate in the presence, respectively, of ethyl chloride and ethyl acetate as solvent, the order of reaction has been evaluated to 3/2 vs. monomer concentration. On the contrary, addition of benzene, even in small quantities, produces a strong decrease in rate of polymerization in the case of vinyl acetate, and makes it illusory to determine the order of reaction at high monomer concentrations. Preliminary results using azo-bis-isobutyronitrile as initiator for vinyl acetate with benzene as solvent have shown that the considerable influence exerted by benzene in the previous case cannot be attributed to a difference of rate of decomposition of the peroxide only. The results are interpretd by the mechanism of chain-transfer reactions on the solvent, with formation of radicals from which the relative stability is different from that of the growing chains.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100603
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray small angle scattering of ramie and rayonsCommunication No. 73 from the Institute for Cellulose Research of the AKU and affiliated Companies. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 433-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The small angle scattering of ramie and of 25 highly oriented rayon samples of widely different prehistory has been examined in both the air-dry and the water-swollen condition with monochromatic radiation in a vacuum camera. All intensity curves are given. For some rayons the curves show distinct maxima or inflection points in either the swollen or the dry condition which seem to be indicative of the existence of a maximum of relatively low intensity superimposed on a normally descending small angle intensity curve. The Bragg spacing corresponding to these maxima lies close to 80 A. for the swollen and to 50 A. for the dry fibers. Other specimens either do not show these superimposed maxima or show only faint indications of their occurrence. The existence of maxima (particularly pronounced in Fortisan, Fiber G, Super Cordura, and Celanese K 36) seems to demonstrate that in some rayons a part of the fiber substance has a micellar structure of unexpectedly high regularity and with average interparticle distances given by the Bragg spacings indicated. The intensity curves of those swollen specimens which did not exhibit a maximum, when evaluated by the Guinier method for dilute systems, assuming parallel cylinders as the basic structure, yield figures between 35-55 A. for the diameter of the cylinders. Evaluation of the intensity curves according to an approximation suggested by Kratky (based on the picture of closely packed lamellae) points to the existence of a preferred spacing of the same order of magnitude (∼40 A.) for the dry and of ∼60 A. for the swollen fibers. No clear correlation between small angle scattering features and other known properties of the rayons has been detected.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110506
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the effect of branching and polydispersity on the angular distribution of the light scattered by gaussian coilsWork supported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. N5ori-07654. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 507-510 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110512
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structures. Section III and supplement II. RALPH W. G. WYCKOFF. Interscience, New York-London, 1953. Section III: 244 text pp., 176 illus., 220 table pp., $10.00. Supplement II: 30 text pp., 64 table pp., $4.00 (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 511-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110513
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An introduction to the chemistry of the silicones. Second Edition. EUGENE G. ROCHOW, Wiley, New York, 1951. xiii-213 pp., $5.00 (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 52-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110104
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of concentration on the viscosity of sodium thymonucleate solutions (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 53-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: 1A viscometer to which variable pressures may be applied is shown to be convenient for measuring viscosities of sodium thymonucleate (NaTN).2The viscosities of solutions of NaTN investigated vary with velocity gradient. All of the solutions obey the empirical equation: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ 1/pt = A + Bp $$\end{document} where p is the average pressure on the solutions during the outflow time, t. A is used to calculate what are believed to be characteristic relative viscosities.3The viscosity of solutions of alcohol precipitable NaTN is found to depend on the concentration according to the equation: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \eta _{{\rm sp}} /c = [\eta] + k″[\eta]\eta _{{\rm sp}} $$\end{document} Our preparation of NaTN gives values of 11.1 dl./g. and 0.24 for [η] and k″, respectively.4The viscosity of NaTN solutions not easily precipitable depends on the concentration according to the equation: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \eta_{{\rm sp}} /c = [\eta] + k′[\eta]^3 c $$\end{document} Our values for [η] and k′ are 21.8 dl./g. and 0.26, respectively.5The viscous behavior of NaTN is discussed in the light of modernP polymer theory.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110105
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Redox recipes. IX. Alkaline nitroprusside-hydroperoxide recipesThe work discussed herein was performed as a part of the research project sponsored by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Office of Synthetic Rubber, in connection with the Government Synthetic Rubber Progress. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 71-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Redox recipes containing nitroprusside are described for the emulsion copolymerization of butadiene (75)-styrene(25). Approximately 65% conversion is reached in 8 hours at 25° with a recipe containing 5 parts of fatty acid soap, 0.3 part of sodium nitroprusside dihydrate, 0.1 part of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, 0.1 part of diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide, 0.5 part of n-dodecyl mercaptan, and 0.5 part of potassium chloride per 180 parts of water and 100 parts of monomers. If alkali is added to the polymerization system the polymerization is accelerated markedly and the addition of 0.1 part of hydroxylamine does not affect the rate. Approximately 60% conversion is reached in 12 hours at 5°C. with a recipe similar to that given above, but without hydroxylamine, provided that the aqueous phase is 0.01 M in trisodium phosphate or alkali hydroxide. From the effect of various factors upon the rate of conversion it is postulated that in the low temperature recipe (with added alkali) the initiation occurs by RO · radicals: In the recipe without added alkali but with hydroxylamine hydrochloride the initiation apparently occurs by RS · radicals (RSH is mercaptan) formed by interaction of the oxidation product of nitroprusside with primary mercaptan.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110107
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of nonterminal monomer units on the reactivity of polymeric free radicals (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 117-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Certain abnormalities in the compositional relationship of styrene/maleic anhydride copolymers indicate that nonterminal monomer units in a polymer radical (principally the penultimate unit) can detectably influence radical reactivity, through electrostatic interactions with reacting monomer molecules. This effect should be particularly pronounced for monomers of type CHX=CHX, where X is a dipole. Several examples from the literature are cited to show that abnormal dependences of copolymer composition on monomer concentration ratio can be explained along these lines. It is suggested that the recently observed variation of cross-termination velocity coefficients with composition of the monomer mixture is attributable to a similar cause.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110202
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cracking of stressed rubber by free radicals (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 280-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110310
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of chlorotrifluoroethylene polymerizationPresented at the Chicago Meeting, American Chemical Society, September, 1950. Taken from a dissertation submitted by W. M. Thomas to the Graduate Faculty of the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, in June, 1950, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 455-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: An exploratory investigation of the kinetics of the polymerization of chlorotrifluoroethylene (I) has been made. Experiments were conducted in bulk, in solution in several solvents, and in the presence of several comonomers. Acetyl peroxide (II) was found to be the most effective of common initiators and was used in most of the experiments. The sealed empoule technique was employed. The bulk polymerization of I is zero order to 60-80% conversion; the rate varies as the 0.7 to 0.8 power of the acetyl peroxide concentration, and the over-all activation energy is 17 kcal./mole. The solution polymerization in benzene appears to be first order in monomer; in other solvents the order was not ascertained. The rate and activation energy in solution are solvent dependent and there appears to be an inverse relationship between the rate of polymerization of I in a solvent and the rate of decomposition of II in that solvent. The rate of decomposition of II was measured in a number of solvents and found to vary widely and to parallel, roughly, the rate of decomposition of benzoyl peroxide. The polymerization rate of I in solution is also c. 0.7 order in acetyl peroxide, but was 0.5 order in Porofor N in limited experiments. From copolymerization experiments with styrene, vinyl acetate and methyl methacrylate values of Q of 0.025, 0.025, and 0.016, and of e of 1.4, 2.0, 1.4, respectively, were inferred, in the Q-e scheme of Alfrey and Price. These results above are discussed in the light of polymerization theory.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110508
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rates and activation energies of thermal degradation of styrene and acrylate polymers in a vacuumThis work was performed as a part of the research project sponsored by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Office of Synthetic Rubber, in connection with the Government Synthetic Rubber Program. This paper was presented at the 122nd meeting of the American Chemical Society in Atlantic City, September 14 to 19, 1952. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 491-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A study was made of rates and activation energies of thermal degradation of polymeta-methylstyrene, poly-alpha-deuterostyrene, poly-alpha-methylstyrene, and hydrogenated polystyrene, in the styrene type of polymers; and of two methyl methacrylates and one methyl acrylate, in the acrylate type of polymers. This study was carried out in the temperature range 240-355°C., by measuring rates of loss of weight of the samples, due to volatilization, by means of a very sensitive tungsten spring balance enclosed in a vacuum. The samples were limited to 5-6 mg. to avoid spattering. The activation energies were obtained by plotting the logarithms of the initial rates, against the inverse of absolute temperature. The styrene polymers, except hydrogenated polystyrene, degrade thermally chiefly into monomeric type molecules. The activation energy of these polymers is about the same as for polystyrene, which is 58 kcal. In the case of hydrogenated polystyrene, breaks in the chain occur at random, the same as in polyethylene. The activation energy is 52 kcal. Polymethyl methacrylate, like the styrene polymers, breaks mostly at the radical chain ends, yielding the monomer. The activation energy is 33 kcal. for a benzoyl peroxide polymerized, 150,000 MW polymer and 55 kcal. for a thermally polymerized, 5,100,000 MW polymer. Polymethyl acrylate follows a mechanism of random breaking of the chains, and the activation energy is 37 kcal.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110511
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymeric chain transfer reactions. Polymerization of some vinyl monomers in the presence of vinyl polymers (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 531-537 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The polymerization of certain vinyl monomers in the presence of some vinyl polymers leads to the formation of a chemical bond between the resulting two polymers. A study of the efficiency of this graft copolymerization process under various conditions in emulsion has been made and the following conclusions drawn. An increase in the catalyst concentration and temperature of polymerization increases the efficiency, while the addition of dodecyl mercaptan decreases it. The list of the monomers used in the order of decreasing activity toward graft copolymerization is vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate,and styrene. A list of polymers in order of decreasing susceptibility to graft copolymerization is polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl a cetate, and polystyrene.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110603
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the calculation of molecular weight distributions from kinetic schemes (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 558-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110606
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orientation processes in synthetic crystalline polymers in terms of morphology (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 567-574 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A new approach to orientation processes is proposed in terms of the morphology of crystalline polymers. Our present knowledge of the morphology of unoriented crystalline polymers is summarized, and the process of orientation is visualized as an alignment and pulling out of the submicroscopic and microscopic structural units. The various stages of this process are discussed and it is found that in this way several anomalous and hitherto unexplained orientation effects frequently described in the literature can be accounted for. The phenomenon of preferential tilt of the chains with respect to the fiber axis can now be explained in general terms. Peculiarities in the drawing-relaxation process, and the special case of perpendicular orientation, also substantiated by recent experiments, follow naturally from the new model.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110609
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die kondensation von phenolen mit formaldehyd in gegenwart von säure (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 9 (1953), S. 1-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: By the acid condensation of various phenols and formaldehyde methylol compounds could be obtained. A comparison of the reaction velocities of the acid condensation of 2.4-dimethylphenol with formaldehyde and the condensation of 3.5-dimethyl-2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol with 2.4-dimethylphenol has shown that the latter reaction proceeds at a higher rate, which corroborates the assumption of a methylol compound as intermediate for the novolak production.Analogous experiments carried out with m-xylene and 2.4-dimethylbenzyl alcohol respectively have proved the formation of dimethylbenzyl alcohol as intermediate. A condensation of formaldehyde in the m-position to the hydroxyl group has been established with various phenols substituted in the p- and both o-positions, and the corresponding chloromethyl and dichloromethyl compounds as well as derivatives therefrom have been made. Along with 6-chlorine compound, the 5-chlorine compound has been obtained by chlorinating 2.4-dimethylphenol. A method of producing mesitol has been developed.
    Notes: Bei der sauren Kondensation verschiedener Phenole mit Formaldehyd konnten Methylolverbindungen isoliert werden. Ein qualitativer Vergleich der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten der sauren Kondensation von 2, 4-Dimethylphenol mit Formaldehyd und der Kondensation von 3,5-Dimethyl-2-oxybenzylalkohol mit 2,4-Dimethylphenol ergab für die letztere Reaktion eine größere Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit, was die Annahme einer Methylolverbindung als Zwischenstufe der Novolakbildung bekräftigt. Auch beim m-Xylol bzw. dem 2,4-Dimethylbenzylalkohol wurden entsprechende Untersuchungen durchge führt. An verschiedenen, in p- und beiden o-Stellungen substituierten Phenolen wurde eine Kondensation des Formaldehyds in m-Stellung zur Hydroxylgruppe festgestellt und die entsprechenden Chlormethylverbindungen sowie hieraus Derivate hergestellt. Bei der Chlorierung des 2,4-Dimethylphenols wurde eine 5-Chlorverbindung gewonnen. Die Darstellung des Mesitols wird beschrieben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020090101
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur kenntnis der amylose der kartoffelstärke (chromatographische untersuchungen) (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 9 (1953), S. 76-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Because amylose and amylopectin become adsorbed by Al2O3 selectively, it is possible to test the degree of purity of amylosepreparations chromatographicly without permitting any other result. Insulated amylose of potatostarch shows at an Al2O3-column different zones, pointing to the matter of fact that carbohydrategroups, marked with amylose, and giving with iodine blue complexes, consist parts maintaining adsorptive differently. For this behaviour can not only a different molecular weight made responsible, but the single parts of amylose must be in possesion of constitutive differences.Amyloses, obtained by different methods, do not give chromatograms matching another, also in case of insisting on the basecharacter of amylose chromatograms. By winning of amylosepreparations one has to count upon influences of parts of amylose which are circumstanced different sensible. In consequence of very high concentrate-lowering there are also variations in amylosechromatograms, which points to the fact that also in dilute solutions there are no plain circumstances present.
    Notes: Da Amylose und Amylopektin von Al2O3 selektiv adsorbiert werden, gelingt es chromatographisch eindeutig die Reinheit eines Amylosepräparates zu prüfen. Auf der Al2O3- Säle zeigt aus Kartoffelstärke isollerte Amylose verschiedene Zonen, was darauf hinweist, daß die mit Amylose bezeichnete, mit Jod einen blauen Komplex gebende Kohlenhydrat-gruppe aus sich adsorptiv verschieden verhaltenden Anteilen besteht. Für dieses Verhalten kann nicht nur ein verschiedenes Molekulargewicht verantwortlich gemacht werden, sondern die einzelnen Anteile der Amylose müssen konstitutive Unterschiede besitzen.Nach verschiedenen Verfahren gewonnene Amylosen geben sich nicht vollständig gleichende Chromatogramme, lwenn auch der Grundcharakter des Amylosechromatogrammes bestehen bleibt. Man hat bei der Gewinnung von Amylosepräparaten mit Einwirkungen auf sich verschieden empfindlich verhaltende Anteile der Amylose zu rechnen. Auch sehr starke Konzentrationserniedrigungen bedingen Veränderungen im Amylosechromatogramm, was darauf hinweist, daß auch in verdünnten Lösungen noch keine einfachen Verhältnisse vorliegen.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020090105
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über gerbung mit polymerisationsfähigen substanzen. VII. Mitteilung über leder und gerbstoffe372. Mitteilung über makromolekulare Verbindungen (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 9 (1953), S. 116-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Pour continuer les recherches sur le tannage on a employé au lieu des tannins des copolymères définits, qui ont été formés à l'intérieur de la peau. On n'obtient des produits coriaces que si les copolymères contiennent des plastifiants internes. On a éffectué des recherches sur les propriétées du „cuir polymerisé“ et on les a comparé avec les propriétées du cuir, qui a été tanné de la facon habituelle.
    Notes: Um den Vorgang der Gerbung weiter zu untersuchen, werden an Stelle von Gerbstoffen definierte Mischpolymere verwendet, die innerhalb der Haut entwickelt werden. Nur solche Polymere ergeben lederartige Produkte, die als Komponente innere Weichmacher enthalten. Die Eigenschaften des „Polymerisatleders“ werden untersucht und mit denen von Ledern üblicher Gerbung verglichen.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020090108
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur nomenklatur auf dem gebiet der makromoleküle376. Mitteilung über makromolekulare Verbindungen (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 9 (1953), S. 221-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020090113
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die adsorption von makromolekülen an aktiven oberflächen (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 9 (1953), S. 241-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The investigation of the adsorption of polystyrene of various DP yielded an adsorption isotherm in good accord with the formula of Freundlich (n ∼ 1,0). Another test with toluene - as model for the monomer - gave likewise good agreement with Freundlich's isotherm (n ∼ 0,55). The main difference is that the high molecular samples reach earlier saturation.
    Notes: Adsorptionsversuche von Polystyrolen verschiedenen Polymerisationsgrades ergaben eine Adsorptionsisotherme, die sich bei kleinen Konzentrationen weitgehend durch die Freundlichsche Formel mit einem Exponenten ∼ 1 darstellen läßt. Ein Parallelversuch mit Toluol - quasi ein Modell für den monomeren Baustein - ergab ebenfalls gute Übereinstimmung mit der Freundlichschen Formel (n ∼ 0,55). Das Polystyrol unterscheidet sich von dem niedermolekularen Toluol vor allem dadurch, daß es schon früher einem endlichen Sättigungswert der Adsorption zustrebt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020090114
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über physikalische eigenschaften linearer polyester. 8. Mitteilung über polyester7. Mitteilung H. Batzer und B. Mohr, Makromolekulare Chem. 8 (1952) 217.378. Mitteilung über makromolekulare Verbindungen377. Mitteilung, vgl. vorstehend. (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 10 (1953), S. 13-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Pour examiner le rapport entre les propriétés physiques d'une part et le poids moléculaire, la structure chimique et la mobilité des chaines des hautpolyèkres polaires d'autre part, on a confrontè des divers polyesters. On a comparé des polyesters linéaires saturbs, lindaires non saturés, cycliques à chaînes laterales, linéaires substitués et enfin des polyesters ramifiés, et substituables. Les origines de la formation de fibres et d'une élasticité comparable à celle du caoutchouc sont discutées.
    Notes: Um den Zusammenhang zwischen physikalischen Eigenschaften einerseits und Molekulargewicht, chemischer Struktur und Kettenbeweglichkeit polarer makropolymerer Substanzen andererseits zu untersuchen, werden verschiedene Polyester gegenübergestellt. Es werden lineare gesättigte, lineare ungesättigte, lineare cyclische, lineare substituierte Polyester, weiterhin verzweigte und substituierbare Polyester verglichen. Die Ursachen der Faserbildung und Kautschukelastizität werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 12 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020100102
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bemerkungen zur nomenklatur in der pektinchemie (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 10 (1953), S. 89-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: A proposition for a nomenclature about pectins published in german technical literature is compared with an english suggestion; it is recommanded for general adoption.
    Notes: Der in einem englischen Vorschlag gegebenen Nomenklatur über Pektine wird ein in der deutschen Fachliteratur mitgeteilter Vorschlag gegenübergestellt und zur allgemeinen Annahme empfohlen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020100107
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über einige S,S′-alkylenbiscysteine und deren isolierung aus chemisch modifizierter wolleTeil der Dissertation Bruno Wollemann, Heidelberg 1952. (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 10 (1953), S. 122-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: 1The chemical stabilization of wool by treating reduced wool with dihalogeno compounds (Harris-process) has been studied by preparative organic methods.2The bis-thioethers of cysteine, as postulated by Harris, have been prepared from l-cysteine and aliphatic α,ω-dihalogen compounds X—(CH2)n—X (n = 1-6) and are characterized by elementary analysis and paper hcromatography.3S,S′-Polymethylen-bis-cysteine derivatives have been isolated in good yields from reduced wool which has been previously treated with the cited dihalogen compounds. These were identical with the synthetic bisthioethers.4The course of reactions for the chemical modification of wool has now been verified by preparative chemical means as suggested by Harris in 1941.
    Notes: 1Die chemische Stabilisierung von Wolle durch Einwirkung bifunktioneller Halogen-derivate auf reduzierte Wolle (Harrisverfahren) wurde präparativ-chemisch studiert.2Die von Harris angenommenen Bisthioäther des Cysteins wurden aus l-Cystein und aliphatischen α,ω-Dihalogenverbindungen X—(CH2)n—X mit n = 1-6 dargestellt und durch Elementaranalyse und Papierchromatographie charaketerisiert.3Bei der präparativen Aufarbeitung von reduzierter und mit den genannten α,ω-Dihalogenverbindungen umgesetzter Wolle wurden S,S′-Polymethylenbiscysteine in guten Ausbeuten isoliert, welche mit den synthetischen Verbindungen identisch sind.4Der von Harris 1941 angegebene Reaktionsmechanismus für die chemische Modifizierung von Wolle konnte somit präparativ-chemisch bestätigt werden.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020100110
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatographische untersuchungen zur säurehydrolyse der kartoffelstärke1. Mitteilung (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 10 (1953), S. 147-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Amylose and amylopectin from starch, and also degradation products resulting from treatment of these two with acid, are separated by means of an Al2O3-absorption column. By making these layers visible, it is possible to get new insights into the initial stages of acid hydrolysis of starch. The action of acid on the components of native starch, which has 80% amylopectin and 20% amylose, differs markedly. The more sensitive amylopectin is disaggregated first and then is decomposed to dextrin. The more stable amylose is not affected until most of the original amylopectin is used up.
    Notes: Durch Trennung der Amylose und des Amylopektins der Stärke, wie auch der durch Säureeinwirkung aus diesen hervorgegangenen Abbauprodukte Vermittelst einer Al2O3-Adsorptionssäule und ihre Sichtbarmachung nebeneinander, gelingt es, eine Reihe neuer Einblicke in das Angangsstadium des Verlaufes der Säurchydrolyse der Stärke zu gewinnen. Die Säure wirkt auf die in nativem Zustande nebeneinander vorliegenden etwa 80% Amylopektin und 20% Amylose der Kartoffelstärke ganz verschieden ein. Das viel empfindlichere Amylopektin wird als erstes desaggregiert und dann zu einem Dextrin abgebaut, während die viel stabilere Amylose erst angegriffen wird, wenn die Hauptmenge des ursprünglich vorhandenen Amolopektins verschwunden ist.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020100112
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berechnung der viskositätszahl und der diffusionskonstante hochpolymerer stoffe mit hilfe eines stäbchenmodells (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 10 (1953), S. 158-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The viscosity number of linear high polymers is calculated according to two models of spheres and one model of rod. It shows that a spherical particle model does not correctly account for the frictional behaviour of a coiled thread-like molecule. According to a rodlike model, the length of which corresponds to the greatest elongation of the coil (1,4 hst), the equation \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm Z}_\eta {\rm = }\Phi _{\rm 1} {\rm + }\Phi _{\rm 2} {\rm }\frac{{{\rm h}_{{\rm st}} ^3 }} {{\rm M}} $\end{document} is derived, in which the constant Φ2 has the universal value of 1,3·1023 and Φ1 depends of the special hydrodynamic situation in the coil. For higher molecular weights, Φ1 becomes an approximately constant fraction of the 2. term. The simplified relation \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}${\rm Z}_\eta {\rm = }\Phi^\prime{\rm }\frac{{{\rm h}_{{\rm st}} ^3 }} {{\rm M}}$\end{document} with Φ′ = 1,62·1023 now becomes approximately valid.It is possible to calculate the absolute values of Φ2 and Φ1 according to the model. The equations are tested experimentally by determination of hst and M by means of light scattering measurements and M also by ultracentrifugal measurements. Within the accuracy limitations there is a reasonable good agreement between theory and experiment.The diffusion and sedimentation constant can be calculated in agreement with experimental datas assuming the same rod model.
    Notes: Die Viskositätszahl linearer Hochpolymerer wird nach zwei Kugelmodellen und einem Stäbchenmodell berechnet. Es zeigt sich, daß ein kugelsymmetrischer Körper die Reibungsverhältnisse geknäuelter Fadenmoleküle nicht richtig erfassen kann. Auf Grund eines Stäbchenmodells, dessen Länge der größten Ausdehnung des Knäuels (1,4 hst) entspricht, wird die Gleichung. \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm Z}_\eta {\rm = }\Phi _{\rm 1} {\rm + }\Phi _{\rm 2} {\rm }\frac{{{\rm h}_{{\rm st}} ^3 }} {{\rm M}} $\end{document} abgeleitet, in welcher die Konstante Φ2 den universellen Wert 1,3.1023 besitzt, awährend Φ1 von speziellen hydrodynamischen Verhältnissen im Knäuel abhängt. Bei höheren Molekulargewichten ist Φ1 ein annähernd konstanter Bruchteil des 2. Terms, so daß die vereinfachte Gleichung \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}${\rm Z}_\eta {\rm = }\Phi^\prime{\rm }\frac{{{\rm h}_{{\rm st}} ^3 }} {{\rm M}}$\end{document} mit Φ′ = 1,62.1023 annähernde Gültigkeit besitzt.Die Absolutwerte von Φe und Φ1 können auf Grund des Modells berechnet werden. Die Gleichungen werden experimentell nachgeprüft, indem hst aus Lichtzerstreuungsmessungen und M aus den gleichen Messungen bzw. mit der Ultrazentrifuge bestimmt werden. Theorie und Experiment stimmen innerhalb der Fehlergrenzen mit recht guter Näherung überein.Die Diffusions- und die Sedimentationskonstante lassen sich auf Grund desselben Stäbchemodells in Übereinstimmung mit den Versuchsdaten berechnen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020100113
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die gestalt von gerbstoffteilchen in wässeriger lösung8. Mitteilung über Leder und Gerbstoff384. Mitteilung über makromolekulare verbindungen (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 10 (1953), S. 185-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: On a measuré l'indice de viscosité du tanin, de l'acide chébulique, du québracho et du chromosal en solution aqueuse en fonction de la concentration et du pH. On s'aperçoit que la loi d'Einstein est valable. Les solutions aqueuses des matières tannantes peuvent ainsi ètre carachérisées comme des sphérocolloides micellaires.
    Notes: Es werden die Viskositätszahlen von Tannin, Chebulinsäure, Quebracho und Chromosal in wäßriger Lösung in Abhängigkeit von der Konzentration und dem pH-Wert gemessen. Es zeigt sich, daß das Einsteinsche Viskositätsgesetz gültig ist. Somit konnten die untersuchten wässerigen Gerbstofflösungen als micellare Sphärokolloide charakterisiert werden.
    Additional Material: 9 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020100116
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über celluloseacetate385. Mitteilung über makromolekulare verbindungen (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 10 (1953), S. 235-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Pour les fractions des acétates de linters1 le chiffre de viscosité Zη varie proportionnellement au degré de polymérisations dans un domaine de celui-là entre 150 et 420 déterminé par la méthode osmotique. Pour les fractions des acétates de la cellulose du linters on peut déterminer les degrés de polymérisation à l'aide de la formule (1). Ces résultats correspondent avec ceux de quelques auteurs américains.1215 Le comportement distinct des acétates de la cellulose de la pâte du bois est dû à la composition différente de celle-ei du linters.
    Notes: Bei Fraktionen von Lintersacetaten1 ändert sich in dem Bereich des osmotisch bestimmten Polymerisationsgrads 150 bis 420 die Viskositätszahl Zη proportional P. Bei Celluloseacetatfraktionen aus Linters lassen sich die Polymerisationsgrade nach der Formel (1) bestimmen. Diese Resultate stehen in guter Übereinstimmung mit denen einiger amerikanischer Autoren1215. Das etwas andersartige Verhalten von Zellstoffacetaten wird auf die unterschiedliche Zusammensetzung der Zellstoffe im Vergleich zu Linters zurückgeführt.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020100120
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molekulargewicht und viskositätszahl bei polystyrolen mittlerer molekülgröße (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 11 (1953), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Viscosimetric and osmotic measurements were carried out on a polymerhomologous series of fractionated polystyrenes (molecular weight between 15 000-60 000), polymerized with bromobenzoylperoxide under a variety of conditions for the determination of terminal groups. The results are then compared with those obtained by other authors.
    Notes: An einer polymerhomologen Reihe von fraktionierten Polystyrolen (Molgewichte zwischen 15 000 und 60 000), die zum Zwecke der chemischen Endgruppenbestimmung mit Brombenzoylperoxyd bei verschiedenen Bedingungen hergestellt worden waren, wurden viskosimetrische und osmotische Messungen ausgeführt. Die Ergebnisse werden mit denjenigen anderer Autoren verglichen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020110101
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die bildung von kieselsäureestern aus siliciumtetrachlorid und cyanhydrinen390. Mitteilung über makromolekulare Verbindungen2 (1953)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 11 (1953), S. 64-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The preparation of silicic esters of some cyanohydrins is described.
    Notes: Es wird die Herstellung von Kieselsäureestern einiger Cyanhydrine beschrieben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1953.020110105
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fitting of polymer distributions of molecular weight by the method of moments (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 1-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: As an alternative method to fractionating the polymer into portions of different molecular weight, in order to obtain the distribution of molecular weights, the method of fitting by statistical moments is proposed. It is shown how from a knowledge of differen order, utilising the inequalities between such averages and their relation to the dispersion of molecular weight, estimates of the distribution function can be obtained: (A) under the assumption of a standard form for the distribution function; (B) without such an assumption, but building up the approximation from a standard form as the norm function and its derivatives; (C) without using any standard form of distribution at all. Numerical examples of the fitting procedures accompany the exposition.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100101
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Étude expèrimentale de la lumière diffusée par des bâtonnets anisotropesPresented at the Symposium of the Commission on Macromolecules of the International Union of Chemistry, Strasbourg, June 9-11, 1952. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 29-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Assuming an anisotropic rod model for the molecule, the results of the light scattering theory was applied to suspension of tobacco mosaic virus. The anisotropy δ of the rod was first determined by extrapolating at zero diffusion angle the depolarization factor pv. A value of 0.3 was also found for δ, which seems to be high as compared with that received from flow birefringence experiments (δ = +0.1). By comparing the angular repartitions of the different components with the theoretical curves, one obtains a satisfactory agreement, taking a rod-length L = 2300 A, which agrees very well with the theory. An identical analysis, applied to thymonucleic acid S VIII, as prepared by Schwander in NaCl M neutral solution, gives the following values: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}${\rm \delta } = - 0,15{\rm et}L = 2000\mathop {\rm A}\limits^{\rm o}$\end{document}
    Notes: Nous avons appliaué à l'étude de suspensions de virus de la mosaïque du tabac les résultats de la théorie de la diffusion par des bâtonnets anisotropes. Dans ce but on détermine d'abord l'anisotropie δ du bâtonnet en extrapolant à angle de diffusion nul le facteur de dépolarisation ρv. On trouve ainsi δ = 0,3, valeur un peu forte comparée à celle déduite des expériences de biréfringence d'écoulement (δ = +0,1). Enfin comparant les répartitions angulaires des différentes composantes avec la courbe théorique, on obtient un accord trés satisfaisant en prenant pour longueur des bâtonnets L = 2300 Å, ce qui constitue un bonne vérification de la théorie précitée.La même analyse appliquée à l'acide thymonucleique S VIII préparé par Schwander en solution NaCl 1M neutre conduit aux valeurs: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}${\rm \delta } = - 0,15{\rm et}L = 2000\mathop {\rm A}\limits^{\rm o}$\end{document}
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100103
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of vinylsulfonic acid derivatives with butadieneThis investigation was carried out as a part of the research project sponsored by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Synthetic Rubber Division, in connection with the Government Synthetic Rubber Program. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 39-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Copolymers of vinylsulfonic acid derivatives with butadiene, isoprene, and styrene have been prepared. The evaluation of butadiene-vinylsulfonic acid ester copolymers indicates that these rubbers have good low-temperature characteristics and that the stress-strain properties of the n-butyl vinylsulfonate copolymer approach those of the standard GR-S rubber; however the oil resistance properties are poor. The stress-strain properties of the butadiene-n-hexyl vinylsulfonate copolymer are inferior to those of the n-butyl analog.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100104
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macromolecular extension and hydrodynamic parameters in intrinsic viscosityThis work was carried out at Cornell University as part of a research program supported by the Allegany Ballistics Laboratory, Cumberland, Maryland, an establishment owned by the United States Navy and operated by Hercules Powder Company under contract NOrd 10431. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 121-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100111
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of molecular weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 371-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The molecular weight of selected polyvinylpyrrolidone samples was determined by light scattering and by osmotic pressure in methanol. The corresponding limiting viscosity numbers were also determined, as well as the limiting viscosity number of the same samples in water. The data relating to the methanolic system conform with theory and the values for K and α in [η] = KMα were determined. The data relating to aqueous solutions do not show such conformity but an unexplained dependence on the degree of homogeneity of the samples. Nevertheless some empirical constants were deduced which may aid in industrial practice in which aqueous viscosity measurements are usual.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100402
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of dilute solutions of polymethylmethacrylate. IIPresented at the Symposium of the Commission on Macromolecules of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Strasbourg, June 9-11, 1952. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 437-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A discrepancy between the previously reported viscosity-weight-average molecular weight relationship obtained for fractionated polymethylmethacrylate in acetone and that given by Meyerhoff and Schulz is attributed to the great influence of small chemical inhomogeneities on the molecular dimensions in the poor solvent acetone. Light-scattering results for the root-mean-square end-to-end distance R have been recalculated, taking into account a correction pointed out by Oth. It is shown that the results are in excellent agreement with the relation R3 = M[η] 2.1 × 1021 proposed by Flory and Fox, rather than the M1/2 dependence predicted for R by Kuhn.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100406
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relation between rate constants, frequency factors, and activation energies in polymerization reactions (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 442-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100408
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of long chain molecules as a reverse polymerization process. Part II (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 457-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A reverse polymerization process with random initiation has been calculated. Initial stages of various degradation processes have been considered and the initial rates of formation of monomer have been presented as a function of the total number of monomer units present in the system, the initial chain length, etc.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100502
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aminoplastes. Collection “materiaux de synethèse.” Pierre Talet. Dunod, Paris, 1951. x-262 pp. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 488-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100504
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the degradation of long chain molecules (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 499-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The general rate equations for free radical depolymerization previously developed are interpreted for the special case of terminal initiation and absence of transfer in view of recent work by others on the same subject. The discrepancies in the two sets of results are shown to arise from an invalid evaluation of the role of kinetic chain length in this recent analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100507
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear magnetic resonance determination of degree of crystallinity in two polymersAssisted by the joint program of the Office of Naval Research and the Atomic Energy Commission. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 503-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100508
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal degradation of polystyrene and polyethylene (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 506-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100509
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion of organic molecules through wood (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 515-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The diffusion of alcohols, glycerol, phenol, formic, acetic and butyric acids through four species of Indian timbers in the water-saturated condition has been studied and the results reported. In contrast to several inorganic ions, Fick's law is obeyed by the organic molecules in the concentrations studied. As is to be expected, the diffusion in the axial direction is several times that in the other directions. The speed of diffusion decreases rapidly with the molecular weight of the substance and the density of the wood. While in the case of the alcohols the logarithm of the diffusion constant varies as the molecular weight with the acids the diffusion constant is proportional to the molecular weight.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100602
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the leveling-off degree of polymerization of cotton and rayonPresented in part before the Division of Cellulose Chemistry at the 116th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Atlantic City, New Jersey, September 18-23, 1949. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 577-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100608
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular weight dependence of the intrinsic viscosity of polymer solutions. IIThe experimental work reported in this paper was carried out at Cornell University under sponsorship of the Government Research Program on Synthetic Rubber, Synthetic Rubber Division, Reconstruction Finance Corporation. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 37-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Intrinsic viscosities of polystyrene and polyisobutylene fractions in good and in “ideal” solvents have been examined from the point of view of their dependence on molecular weight. A compilation of results is presented which covers exceptionally wide ranges, from several thousand to several to million, in molecular weight. The intrinsic viscosity in an “ideal” solvent (i.e., cyclohexane at 34°C. for polystyrene, or benzene at 24° for polyisobutylene) is remarkably well fitted over the molecular weight range cited above by the relation: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ [\eta]\Theta = KM^{1/2} $$\end{document} where K is a constant, independent of molecular weight, for a particular polymer at a given temperature. The molecular expansion factor α3 which applies in good solvents (e.g., toluene for polystyrene and cyclohexane and diisobutylene for polyisobutylene) as calculated from: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ [\eta] = KM^{1/2} \alpha^3 $$\end{document} increases with molecular weight approximately in accordance with the relationship: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \alpha^5 - \alpha^3 = 2C_{M\psi 1} (1 - \Theta /T)M^{1/2} $$\end{document} However, the quantity (α5 - α3)/M1/2 changes appreciably with M in some cases. This is particularly true for molecular weights below 50,000. Results of an examination of the effect of rate of shear on the viscosity of polystyrene in benzene at 25° and in cyclohexane at 34°, and of the intrinsic viscosity-molecular weight relation for polystyrene in benzene at 25°, are reported.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110103
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on heat deterioration of specially prepared natural rubber vulcanizatesThis work was carried out under the sponsorship of the Office of Naval, Research, Project Number NR-330-010. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 83-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Natural rubber has been vulcanized to varying degrees of crosslinkage through the use of decamethylene dismethyl azodicarboxylate. The effect of degree of crosslinkage on extent of heat deterioration is demonstrated. Studies are also presented on the beneficial or deleterious action on heat deterioration of various chemical agents incorporated in the free state into natural rubber vulcanizate.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110108
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The maximum precipitation temperature of a heterogeneous polymerThis work was supported by the Office of Ordnance Research under Contract DA-19-020-ORD-1545 with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 93-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110109
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental study of the influence of various factors on the time dependent nature of diffusion in polymers (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 97-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The kinetics of the sorption and desorption of methylene chloride by cellulose acetate and polystyrene have been studied by following the increase in mass of a polymer sheet suspended from a quartz spring in an atmosphere of the vapor. A tenfold change in the molecular weight of polystyrene does not alter the sorption rate, but a slight increase in rate is obtained when the molecules of this polymer are given a large unidirectional orientation in the plane of the polymer sheet. In agreement with other work, a considerable increase in both sorption and desorption rate is obtained by increasing the pressure of the solvent vapor. Previously it had been shown that a plot of the mass of sorbed vapor against the square root of the time has a slope that increases with time. It was shown that this peculiar characteristic of the sorption kinetics could not be accounted for by a purely concentration dependent diffusion coefficient, and it was suggested that it might be due either to a slow response of the diffusion coefficient to change in solvent concentrationor to the stresses set up between the swollen and unswollen parts of the polymer. Here it is shown that neither hypothesis alone will account for all the observed effects of the thickness of the polystyrene or cellulose acetate sheet upon the sorption and desorption kinetics. Sorption experiments on polymer sheet already containing some dissolved solvent do not show this peculiar characteristic of increasing slope when the concentration difference between the start and the end of the experiment is small, but when this is large very peculiar curves are obtained. The effects can be reconciled with either of the proposed mechanisms. Measurements of the changes in area during sorption and desorption have been measured on polystyrene sheet and these lend support to the strain hypothesis but also indicate that some plastic, as well as elastic, deformation of the polymer takes place during sorption.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110201
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calibrage de la diffusion lumineusePresented at the Symposium of the Commission on Macromolecules of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Strasbourg, June 9-11, 1952. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 551-557 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The transmission method was used for calibration of light scattering. It was verified that the refraction corrections are practically n2 for the scattered light; the incident beam intensity through the cell must be empirically corrected for the refraction, due to some divergence of the primary beam of light. With this method of calibration, we obtain for Rayleigh's ration in the case of benzene at 20°C. and at a wave length of 4358 A, R = (48.4 ± 1.5)10-6cm.-1. For dissymetry measurements in the commercial semioctagonal “Pyrocell” cell, some total reflections are present for solutions where the refractive index is equal or higher than 1.41; these reflections can be easily avoided by putting an absorbing glass on the rear of the cell. On the other hand, a dissymetry correction is given for the Fresnel reflections, which are formed when the light beam emerges normally, to the wall of the cell.
    Notes: Nous utilisons la méthode de transmission pour calibrer la diffusion lumineuse. Nous vérifions en utilisant des solutions d'indices de réfraction différents que la correction de réfraction est pratiquement n2 pour l'intensité diffusée, l'intensité incidente à travers la cellule devant être corrigée empiriquement pour une réfraction due à la légère divergence du faisceau primaire. A partir de ce calibrage, nous obtenons pour le rapport de Rayleigh du benzène à 20°C. et pour λ 4358 A. R = (48,4 ± 1,5)10-6 cm.-1. Pour les mesures de dissymétrie dans la cellule commerciale semioctogonale “Pyrocell,” nous montrons la présence de réflexions totales pour les solutions d'indice de réfraction ≥ 1,41, réflexions qui peuvent être éliminées aisément en plaçant un verre absorbant dansle fond de la cellule. D'autre part, nous calculons la correction à apporter à la dissymétrie du fait des réflexions de Fresnel quand le faisceau lumineux émerge normalement à la paroi de la cellule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100605
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attempted fractionation of GR-S by means of selective gelation in the latex (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 591-593 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100610
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric relaxation in a series of polyvinyl acetals (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 177-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The dielectric properties of polyvinyl isobutyral, hexanal, and 2-ethylhexanal have been investigated. Dielectric constants and loss factors were measured at eight frequencies between 50 and 100,000 cycles in the temperature range of 25 to 130°C. Free energies, entropies, and enthalpies of activation were calculated, using the absolute reaction rate theory. The results illustrate the effects of “internal plasticization.” With increasing complexity of the interchain substituent, the electrical relaxation time is lowered, and the free energy, entropy, and enthalpy of dielectric relaxation are also decreased. These changes offer a quantitative measure of the decrease in interchain forces. It was also noted that the normal aldehyde substituents exhibited greater plasticizing action than the branched chain secondary groups. The electrical transition temperatures were compared with independently determined softening and inflection temperatures. The electrical and mechanical determinations were in good agreement for identical samples of the polymers.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110209
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gutta. I. Single crystals of alpha-gutta (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 203-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Gutta, the polyisoprene hydrocarbon obtained from gutta percha or balata, is usually considered to differ from rubber in that gutta is a trans-isomer and rubber a cis-isomer of polyisoprene. Most of the data on the basis of which these structures have been assigned come from x-ray diffraction pictures of polycrystalline polymer. Single crystal data have not been published, although such data would provide more detailed information. Chicle gutta has been shown to be a lower molecular weight modification of gutta from gutta percha. As a consequence of its lower molecular weight chicle gutta is a granular, free-flowing powder, whereas gutta percha gutta is horny and tends to clump together. Because of its physical characteristics and lower molecular weight, chicle gutta was used first in an attempt to grow single crystals of gutta. By working with dilute solutions, well-shaped single crystals of chicle gutta as large as 0.35 mm. in the long direction were obtained. From gutta percha Pahang, crystals 0.10 mm. long were isolated. Crystals could be grown either by slow diffusion of solvent or by cooling a supersaturated solution. Crystals were found to be optically anis tropic and to exhibit parallel extinction when examined under crossed Nicols with the polarizing microscope. Crystals obtained were of the alpha modification of gutta.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110302
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An interesting property of certain conductive rubbers (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 447-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100410
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relation between stress relaxation and aging resistance of rubber vulcanizates. II. Effect of copper in various accelerated stocks (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 449-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Some details for the construction of a modulus balance and thermostat are discussed. A new dumbbell type is developed for aging tests. In four stocks containing different accelerators, the function of copper applied as stearate is investigated. In the case of Santocure, a comparatively high sensitivity is found, and the t1/2 (TB) value for aging at 70°C. represents a sensitive measure of the prooxygenic effect, whereas relaxation times at 121° showed a smaller but definite variation. With MBT boosted with DPG only a limited effect was observed. Conversely, for the thiurams, copper addition produced a marked antioxidant effect comparable with the retardation normally effected by 2PHR of ordinary antioxidants. 0.05% copper showed an antioxidant activity equivalent to the 2PHR antioxidant. Consistent results were obtained for aging, relaxation, and rate of oxidation. The factors of retardation as might be expected, however, are not quite comparable. The factor of retardation for copper alone is 4-8 units. The copper develops in the thiuram vulcanizates a strong brown color giving colored solutions upon extraction with acetone and iso-octane. As the spectrophotometric determination of the colored complex is difficult, owing to the presence of the strong absorbing ZDC, the nature of the colored complex has not yet been ascertained, but it must somehow be responsible for the inverted action of copper found here.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100501
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantum-mechanical discussion of the gas-phase formation of quinonedimethide monomers (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 289-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The formation of quinonedimethide monomers by pyrolysis of the corresponding dimethyl hydrocarbons has been described by Szwarc in a number of publications. Under certain conditions, the monomers so produced may polymerize to high molecular weight products which are of considerable interest. Some dimethylated hydrocarbons do not, however, appear to from monomers under these conditions, and the products of pyrolysis vary considerably with hydrocarbons of different structure. In this communication, the energetics of the various reactions leading to formation of radicals, quinonedimethide monomers, and products of their dimerization or disproportionation are briefly discussed theoretically. The kinetics of the most probable reaction sequences are discussed in the light of the energetic data, and it is shown that a number of features of results so far obtained can be understood in terms of this preliminary treatment. It is hoped that this approach will prove useful as a guide to the types of reactions to be expected for aromatic hydrocarbons of differing π-electron structure.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110401
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of the steady state method to benzoyl peroxide initiated polymerization of styrene (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 325-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The steady state method is applied to the benzoyl peroxide initiated polymerization of styrene in toluene at 80°C. The reaction mixture is kept homogeneous by stirring. A theoretical discussion shows that the time needed to reach the steady state concentrations with an accuracy of 1% or better is about seven times the average time which the mixture spends in the reaction vessel; this is confirmed by experiment. The experimental results show that the rate of polymerization can be represented by the formula: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ - dm/dt = kmE^{1/2} ;E = \beta m(1 + \beta m)^{- 1} $$\end{document} where m is the monomer concentration, while k and β are constants. It is found that β = 1.19 liter/mole. The apparent order of the reaction, with respect to monomer, increases from 1.18 when m = 1.8 mole/liter to 1.36 when m = 0.4 mole/liter. An analysis of the limits of experimental error indicates that in the conventional method this change in apparent reaction order would have been of the same order of magnitude as the experimental error. The accuracy of the steady state method, however, is sufficient to establish this change unambiguously. Numerous data from the literature concerning the polymerization of styrene and other monomers are discussed, and are found to be in good agreement with the conclusions reached in the present work. Explanations are offered for a number of discrepancies found in the literature.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110404
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adsorption of high polymers from solution on to solids. I. Adsorption of polystyrene on charcoal (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 365-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Rates of adsorption from solution on to charcoal and adsorption isotherms have been determined for unfractionated and fractionated polystyrene samples. The rates and extent of adsorption increase with decreasing solvent power and decreasing molecular weight. The rate curves of the fractionated samples show two distinct steps. Langmuir's adsorption equation is obeyed. Mechanisms of adsorption are discussed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110406
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chain transfer in the peroxide catalyzed polymerization of styrene (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 399-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The chain transfer constants of twelve solvents have been determined for the peroxide catalyzed polymerization of styrene and are compared, where possible, with those for methyl methacrylate. The values found are discussed in relation to structure and activity.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110502
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A theoretical analysis of the distribution of tensile strength of vulcanized rubber (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 425-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: By means of a mathematical treatment the distributions of the tensile strength of natural rubber and GR-S were studied. As a result of this study it is shown that the distributions are of the so-called doubly exponential type.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110505
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer news (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 10 (1953), S. 558-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120100606
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the viscoelastic behavior and molecular weight distribution of polyisobutylene (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 243-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A study is made of the behavior under constant shear stress of several carefully characterized samples of polyisobutylene. The materials used are whole polymers and fractions obtained from these by dractional precipitation. As a first step in the characterization, the intrinsic viscosity of each is determined. It is shown that the samples cover a molecular weight range from 1 × 105 to 1 × 106. To provide a more detailed characterization, sedimentation equilibrium experiments are performed with several of the polyisobutylenes. These experiments yield values of several average molecular weights for each polymer, from which data an approximation to the molecular weight distribution can be made. It is pointed out that the whole polymers of isobutylene are very polydisperse. The viscosity-average molecular weights calculated from these experiments are in good agreement with the results of the intrinsic viscosity measurements. The viscoelastic behavior of some of these polymers is then studied by means of creep and recovery experiments. The melt viscosity is determined in two ways, from flow during creep and from the amount of nonrecoverable deformation after elastic recovery. The elastic recovery of the polyisobutylene samples is analyzed in some detail. A method for the reduction of data taken at several temperatures to a standard temperature, previously used for dynamic-mechanical properties and stress relaxation data, is shown to be applicable to elastic recovery data. Furthermore, the results of creep and recovery experiments can be superimposed in favorable cases. The steady-state elastic compliance is evaluated, and errors in its determination discussed. The results would seem to indicate that this quantity depends, at least in part, upon the degree of polydispersity of the polymer. This dependence appears to mask any direct variation with average molecular weight. Finally, it is shown that an average retardation time is directly proportional to the melt viscosity of the polymer.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110307
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the statistical segment size of polymer chains from stress-birefringence studiesThis work was supported in part by contracts with the Office of Naval Research at Princeton University and the University of Massachusetts. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 285-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110312
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gutta. II. Interconversion of alpha and beta forms (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 307-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The gutta isolated from chicle has been demonstrated to be structurally identical with trans-polyisoprene from gutta percha and balata but has a molecular weight of 16,000-18,000, about one-half that of the latter two polymers. Its ease of purification and marked crystalline behaviour suggested its use in a study of gutta polymorphism.The α-and β-forms of chicle gutta were prepared and their identities were established by means of x-ray diffraction measurements and melting properties. The degree of crystallinity and internal molecular strain were shown to affect the melting points of the two forms of gutta through wide ranges. Interconversions of α-and β-guttas were effected by means of heat conditioning, solution and reprecipitation, melting and resolidification, and treatment of the gutta with nonsolvents. Dilatometric data were used to describe the change of specific volume when β-gutta was converted to α-gutta in a conditioning bath as the temperature was increased stepwise from 30°C. to 80°C. at the rate of 1°C. per hour. The discontinuous, saw-toothed nature of the specific volume vs. time curve was rationalized on a basis of reactions involving changes in degree of molecular order and relief of strain within the gutta. The curve suggested the following gross reactions: 30-36°C., thermal expansion of β-gutta of low crystallinity; 36-52°C., increase in degree of crystallinity of β-gutta; 52-60°C., melting of β-gutta; 60-64°C., transition of β- to α-gutta; 64-72°C., melting of α-gutta; 72-80°C., thermal expansion of molten gutta. α-Gutta, in the melted condition, was shown to undergo a transition, above 72°C., to a form whose stereo identity has not yet been established. The rate of transition from β-to α-gutta at temperatures at which α-is the stable form, appeared to be hastened in the presence of certain liquids.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110403
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscosity characteristics of polyalkyl methacrylate solutions (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 379-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110407
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free diffusion with coefficient dependent on concentration (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 545-557 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: An approximate solution is obtained for the nonlinear diffusion equation in which the coefficient of diffusion is a linear function of the concentration. Methods are developed for deducing the relevant parameters from experimental data and of constructing theoretical curves from these parameters. The results are illustrated by a worked example.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110605
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Configuration and optical activity of vinyl polymers (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 559-566 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: It is obvious that the starred carbon atoms in vinyl polymers of the type exist in two distinct steric configurations which are denoted here by symbols + and -. It is shown that the existence of these configurations leads to the formation of different types of polymers; however, no simple relation correlates the optical activity of such polymers with the relative distribution of + and - configurations along the polymeric chain. The various possible structures are discussed in some detail. The kinetics of such polymerizations initiated by an optically active catalyst are treated by statistical methods.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110608
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GR-S fractionation by means of selective adsorptionThis investigation was carried out as a part of the research project sponsored by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Office of Synthetic Rubber, in connection with the Government Synthetic Rubber Program. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 583-596 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110611
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of temperature of polymerization on the structural composition of emulsion polymers of butadiene (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 139-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: This report assembles and correlates published data relating to the effect of temperature of polymerization on the structural composition of butadiene polymers, that is, on the relative percentages of polymer double bonds, derived from butadiene, in the 1,2 (vinyl), trans-1,4, and cis-1,4 configurations. The data support, and are not in conflict with, the following conclusions: (1) The percentages of vinyl, trans, and cis double bonds in emulsion polymers of butadiene are determined primarily by the temperature of polymerization in the fundamental way that is characteristic of systems of simultaneous competing reactions. (2) Other environmental features, such as type of recipe, and including the presence of a comonomer, e.g. up to 29% of styrene, have comparatively little effect on the relative amounts of vinyl, trans, and cis double bonds. (3) Differences in the physical properties of emulsion polymers of butadiene prepared at the same temperature probably must be attributed to differences in structure other than differences in the relative proportions of vinyl, trans, and cis double bonds, such as the average molecular weight, the molecular weight distribution, and the presence of a comonomer. It is shown that a maximum in the percentage of vinyl double bonds, previously indicated by experiment but attributed to gelation, is inherent to this system of three simultaneous competing modes of polymerization.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110204
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analytische chemie der plaste (kunststoff-analyse). Kurt Thinius. Springer, Berlin-Goettingen-Heidelberg, 1952. iv-480 pp. 30 illus (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 176-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110208
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Texture of some crystalline synthetic polymers by electron microscopy (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 215-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The importance of sample preparation is demonstrated with examples of techniques based on (1) evaporation in vacuo, (2) casting from solvent or solvent mixtures, (3) ultrasonic disintegration. Attention is drawn to the “sheaf-like” arrangement of the microfibrils and to other aspects of the texture. There is evidence of periodicities, but these are considered to vary with the preparation, and may be a consequence of the helical arrangement and “rope-like” character of the bundles of microfibrils or of a tendency to form a woven texture.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110303
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on hydroxyethylpolyvinyl alcoholThis paper reports work done under contract with the Chemical Corps Chemical and Radiological Laboratories, U. S. Army and was presented at the A.A.A.S. Gordon Research Conference on High Polymers, 13 July 1951. (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 193-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Hydroxyethylated polyvinyl alcohols (HEPVA's) containing 12, 19, and 35% combined ethylene oxide were prepared by a heterogeneous reaction between dry polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and liquid ethylene oxide. Another sample containing 18% was prepared by a more nearly homogeneous reaction in the presence of water. These derivatives may be analyzed satisfactorily by the modified zeisel method of Morgan. The properties of the HEPVA's are briefly described. Reaction of HEPVA with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride showed that secondary hydroxyls were tosylated along with the primary and that the two reactions cannot be separated kinetically. This method, useful in estimating the primary hydroxyl content of hydroxyethylcellulose, cannot be applied to HEPVA. The stability of the tosylates indicated, however, that in derivatives containing up to 35% combined C2H4O2 ca. 1/2 ethylene oxide per vinyl alcohol unit, no polyethylene glycol chains were present and all combined ethylene oxide existed as individual hydroxyethyl groups distributed along the PVA backbone. Introduction of ethylene oxide into PVA increased the reactivity of residual secondary hydroxyls toward chemical reagents by destroying the normal high degree of hydrogen bonding and making adjacent domains more accessible for reaction. Very noticeable differences in properties were observed between HEPVA's prepared under differing conditions of heterogeneity. Two such polymers of similar ethylene oxide content showed quite different extents of reactions, susceptibility toward swelling agents, and x-ray diffraction diagrams. These differences are attributed to a more random distribution of hydroxyethyl groups along the PVA backbone in the product of the more homogeneous reaction which leads to a more disordered system.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110301
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of nonterminal monomer units on the reactivity of polymeric free radicals (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 558-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110607
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization characteristics of some vinylnaphthalenes and vinylphenanthrenes (1953)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 11 (1953), S. 575-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: β-Vinylnaphthalene, 6-chloro-2-vinylnaphthalene, 4-chloro-1-vinylphenanthrene, and 2- and 3-vinylphenanthrenes have been copolymerized with styrene, methyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate. All copolymerize well to give products generally softening at higher temperatures than polystyrene of its copolymers. Analysis of the relative reactivities in copolymerization indicates that, with the exception of the single α-vinylnaphthalene derivative, these monomers are more reactive in copolymerization than styrene. This is in agreement with expectations based on the greater possibilities for resonance stabilization of an adjacent free radical by the naphthalene and phenanthrene nuclei.
    Additional Material: 10 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1953.120110610
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...