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  • Articles  (3,190)
  • 1950-1954  (3,190)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1952  (3,190)
  • Geosciences  (3,190)
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  • Articles  (3,190)
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  • 1950-1954  (3,190)
  • 1945-1949
Year
Journal
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A SUGGESTED EXPLANATION OF THE PRESENT VALUE OF THE VELOCITY OF ROTATION OF THE EARTH (1952)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 6 (1952), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: It is suggested that the coincidence of the period of rotation of the Earth and a natural period of vibration of the atmosphere is not fortuitous but due to the Earth being driven at a constant rate in synchronism with the vibration. An observation by Kelvin that the gravitational couple on the atmospheric tides accelerates the Earth's rotation is recalled, and the production of mechanical energy to balance the dissipation of the oceanic tides is discussed. The astronomical evidence supporting the current view that the rotation is being steadily retarded is reviewed and found to contain contradictions, and it is claimed that the high value of the angular momentum of the Earth-Moon orbit supports the hypothesis of equilibrium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1952.tb03021.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ON THE GEOPHYSICAL INTERPRETATION OF IRREGULARITIES IN THE ROTATION OF THE EARTH (1952)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 6 (1952), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Astronomical observations have indicated that variations in the Earth's rotation by several parts per hundred million sometimes occur over periods of one or two decades. These irregularities may be caused by variations in the distribution of matter, or by variable motion relative to the Earth. It is found that processes in the atmosphere and ocean are inadequate to account for all of the observed irregularities, but that their effect is not necessarily negligible. Processes in the crust and mantle could barely do so, but such processes seem highly unlikely for a number of reasons. The irregularities can be accounted for by a variable motion in the core amounting to a fraction of the total motion indicated by the westward drift of the Earth's magnetic field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1952.tb03022.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GRAVIMETER OBSERVATIONS COMPARING PENDULUM STATIONS AT CAMBRIDGE, YORK, NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, EDINBURGH AND ABERDEEN (1952)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 6 (1952), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: An extensive network of gravimeter stations has been observed by the Geological Survey of Great Britain using a Frost gravimeter. In the course of this survey gravimeter observations were made at recent pendulum stations in York, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Edinburgh and Aberdeen. At these stations the gravimeter determinations gave values for differences in gravity from Pendulum House, Cambridge, which were consistent with the pendulum observations of Browne, Cook, McCarthy and Parasnis (1950). If the value of gravity at Pendulum House, Cambridge, is assumed to be 981.26500 cm/s2 the values at the other stations are found by combining the pendulum and gravimeter observations as:–York, Minster Crypt 981.41474 cm/s2± 0.00011Newcastle, King's College 981.50608 cm/s2± 0.00012Edinburgh, Royal Observatory 981.58014 cm/s2± 0.00013Aberdeen, Marischal College 981.69597 cm/s2± 0.00014From the observations at these pendulum stations an accurate calibration factor was obtained for the Frost gravimeter and this was found to differ significantly from the calibration factor determined from observations in the tower of Westminster Cathedral. Further measurements at Westminster Cathedral showed that the vertical variation in gravity is not linear but is distorted near the base of the tower, probably due to local terrain effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1952.tb03017.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A MEASUREMENT OF THE DIFFERENCE OF GRAVITY BETWEEN THE NATIONAL PHYSICAL LABORATORY, TEDDINGTON AND THE ORDNANCE SURVEY OFFICE, SOUTHAMPTON (1952)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 6 (1952), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Using the Cambridge pendulum apparatus the value of gravity at the National Physical Laboratory has been found to be 69.90 ± 0.16 mgal greater than that at the Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton. The result of a measurement with a Worden gravimeter was 70.36 mgal, and other indirect gravimeter measurements are in satisfactory agreement with the pendulum result.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1952.tb03019.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE PHOTO-CHEMISTRY OF SOME MINOR CONSTITUENTS OF THE EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE (CO2, CO, CH4, N2O) (1952)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 6 (1952), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide: The rate of photo-dissociation of CO2 is appreciable only in the region above about 100 km. If local equilibrium prevails the carbon would occur mainly as the monoxide in this region, and as the dioxide below. However, oxidation may proceed so slowly that the life of a CO molecule is long compared with the characteristic time associated with atmospheric mixing effects. In this case the CO resulting from photo-dissociation would not be confined to above the 100 km level, but would extend much lower; its total abundance could scarcely be great enough to produce the observed absorption lines. It is estimated that the various forms of combustion taking place on the Earth would provide the CO content of the atmosphere within perhaps four years or even less. Methane: Dissociation of CH4 in the upper atmosphere is brought about mainly by collision processes. These prevent the existence of appreciable CH4 above the 100 km level and probably keep the concentration low even down to 70 km. The yield to date from oil wells and coal mines appears to be less than the amount of the gas now in the atmosphere. Seepage from fuel beds, and the anaerobic decay of vegetable matter, are the only obvious naturally occurring sources of significance. As far as can be judged at least ten years (and probably much longer) is required for the production of the atmospheric abundance. Nitrous oxide : Information on the necessary rate of formation of N2O is obtained by calculating the photo-dissociation rate. One hypothesis is that soil micro-organisms produce the gas, but it appears that the yield would only be sufficient if N2O were a major end-product of denitrification. Many of the homogeneous gas reactions suggested by earlier workers must be rejected, since there is an inadequate supply of the requisite parent particles. The only acceptable parent particles seem to be those arising directly or indirectly from the photo-dissociation of O2 in the Herzberg continuum. Various reactions involving O, O3 and N2 are discussed. Though they are very slow they might nevertheless give rise to sufficient N2O.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1952.tb03020.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE FREE-AIR REDUCTION OF GRAVITY TO THE SECOND ORDER (1952)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 6 (1952), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: A definition of height is given in terms of the geopotential that will agree to the second order with the height determined by direct measurement along the vertical where such measurement is possible. The free-air reduction of gravity is carried to the second order so as to permit allowance for terms in eh and h2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1952.tb03018.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE TIMES OF P UP TO 30° (1952)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 6 (1952), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Times of P in Mediterranean, Japanese and Californian earthquakes are analysed with the objects of testing the generality of the increase of the velocity at short distances found in Europe and the evidence for Gutenberg's layer of low velocity. The Mediterranean earthquakes do confirm the increase at short distances, but the Japanese ones agree with the tables in use, and there is clear evidence of a regional difference. The evidence from North American earthquakes is conflicting. It does not definitely indicate any change from the present travel times, but the uncertainties are larger than in the other regions, chiefly because there are rarely enough stations in approximately the same azimuth and at greatly different distances to give much information.The difference of the times at 2° and 25° is about the same in Europe and Japan, but in comparison with them the times in Europe at 8° are about 3° earlier. The time-curve in Europe is nearly liner up to 14°. There is evidence in both regions for a strong curvature of the time-curve between 15° and 20°, but it does not decide whether dt/dΔ is continuous or discontinuous in this interval.The curvature of the time-curve is in any case surprisingly small, because laboratory studies of the variation of elastic moduli with pressure indicate an increase of velocity with depth several times that given by any set of travel times. Increase of temperature with depth would presumably reduce the rate of increase but does not appear sufficient to account for the discrepancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1952.tb03023.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TIDAL GRAVITY OBSERVATIONS AT WINSFORD (CHESHIRE) (1952)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 6 (1952), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Tidal observations have been performed in the I. C. I. Salt Mine at Winsford. The gravimetric factor has been determined both for the overall values and the principal harmonic constituents. Its value is G= 1.20 ± 0.04. The results are compared with former measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1952.tb03025.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A THEORY OF NORTH SEA SURGES (1952)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 6 (1952), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: The analysis of a large number of observations of North Sea surges by R. H. Corkan has enabled him to make a classification of them into types. One type of surge appears to be due to the passage of an atmospheric depression over the entrance to the North Sea. By simplifying the mathematical conditions it is possible to predict the results of the passage of such a depression. These are largely in conformity with the observations. In particular it is shown that the surge produced is a progressive one, passing from the entrance to the North Sea to the closed end and increasing uniformly in amplitude.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1952.tb03024.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE GRAVITATIONAL ATTRACTION OF A DEPOSIT OF CLAY (1952)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 6 (1952), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: On the basis of the study of the consolidation of clays made by Skempton (1944) and others, estimates have been made of the gravitational attraction of a deposit of clay. Examples of the behaviour of some typical clays are given and a procedure for correcting gravity anomalies for the attraction of a deposit of clay is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1952.tb03012.x
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