ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
You have 0 saved results.
Mark results and click the "Add To Watchlist" link in order to add them to this list.
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Public Library of Science  (24,800)
  • Copernicus  (21,288)
  • Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)  (12,738)
  • 2015-2019  (58,826)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1975-1979
  • 2016  (58,826)
  • 1951
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2015-2019  (58,826)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1975-1979
  • 1950-1954  (43)
Year
  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Scaling-up permafrost thermal measurements in western Alaska using an ecotype approach (2016)
    Copernicus
    In:  EPIC3The Cryosphere, Copernicus, 10(5), pp. 2517-2532, ISSN: 1994-0424
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-09-06
    Description: Permafrost temperatures are increasing in Alaska due to climate change and in some cases permafrost is thawing and degrading. In areas where degradation has already occurred the effects can be dramatic, resulting in changing ecosystems, carbon release, and damage to infrastructure. However, in many areas we lack baseline data, such as subsurface temperatures, needed to assess future changes and potential risk areas. Besides climate, the physical properties of the vegetation cover and subsurface material have a major influence on the thermal state of permafrost. These properties are often directly related to the type of ecosystem overlaying permafrost. In this paper we demonstrate that classifying the landscape into general ecotypes is an effective way to scale up permafrost thermal data collected from field monitoring sites. Additionally, we find that within some ecotypes the absence of a moss layer is indicative of the absence of near-surface permafrost. As a proof of concept, we used the ground temperature data collected from the field sites to recode an ecotype land cover map into a map of mean annual ground temperature ranges at 1 m depth based on analysis and clustering of observed thermal regimes. The map should be useful for decision making with respect to land use and understanding how the landscape might change under future climate scenarios.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Presence of rapidly degrading permafrost plateaus in south-central Alaska (2016)
    Copernicus
    In:  EPIC3The Cryosphere, Copernicus, 10(6), pp. 2673-2692, ISSN: 1994-0424
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-16
    Description: Permafrost presence is determined by a complex interaction of climatic, topographic, and ecological conditions operating over long time scales. In particular, vegetation and organic layer characteristics may act to protect permafrost in regions with a mean annual air temperature (MAAT) above 0°C. In this study, we document the presence of residual permafrost plateaus in the western Kenai Peninsula lowlands of south-central Alaska, a region with a MAAT of 1.5+/-1 °C (1981–2010). Continuous ground temperature measurements between 16 September 2012 and 15 September 2015, using calibrated thermistor strings, documented the presence of warm permafrost (-0.04 to -0.08 °C). Field measurements (probing) on several plateau features during the fall of 2015 showed that the depth to the permafrost table averaged 1.48m but at some locations was as shallow as 0.53 m. Late winter surveys (augering, coring, and GPR) in 2016 showed that the average seasonally frozen ground thickness was 0.45 m, overlying a talik above the permafrost table. Measured permafrost thickness ranged from 0.33 to 〉6.90 m. Manual interpretation of historic aerial photography acquired in 1950 indicates that residual permafrost plateaus covered 920 ha as mapped across portions of four wetland complexes encompassing 4810 ha. However, between 1950 and ca. 2010, permafrost plateau extent decreased by 60.0 %, with lateral feature degradation accounting for 85.0% of the reduction in area. Permafrost loss on the Kenai Peninsula is likely associated with a warming climate, wildfires that remove the protective forest and organic layer cover, groundwater flow at depth, and lateral heat transfer from wetland surface waters in the summer. Better understanding the resilience and vulnerability of ecosystem-protected permafrost is critical for mapping and predicting future permafrost extent and degradation across all permafrost regions that are currently warming. Further work should focus on reconstructing permafrost history in south-central Alaska as well as additional contemporary observations of these ecosystem-protected permafrost sites south of the regions with relatively stable permafrost.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Annual Acoustic Presence of Fin Whale (Balaenoptera physalus) Offshore Eastern Sicily, Central Mediterranean Sea (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In recent years, an increasing number of surveys have definitively confirmed the seasonal presence of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in highly productive regions of the Mediterranean Sea. Despite this, very little is yet known about the routes that the species seasonally follows within the Mediterranean basin and, particularly, in the Ionian area. The present study assesses for the first time fin whale acoustic presence offshore Eastern Sicily (Ionian Sea), throughout the processing of about 10 months of continuous acoustic monitoring. The recording of fin whale vocalizations was made possible by the cabled deep-sea multidisciplinary observatory, “NEMO-SN1”, deployed 25 km off the Catania harbor at a depth of about 2,100 meters. NEMO-SN1 is an operational node of the European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-column Observatory (EMSO) Research Infrastructure. The observatory was equipped with a low-frequency hydrophone (bandwidth: 0.05 Hz–1 kHz, sampling rate: 2 kHz) which continuously acquired data from July 2012 to May 2013. About 7,200 hours of acoustic data were analyzed by means of spectrogram display. Calls with the typical structure and patterns associated to the Mediterranean fin whale population were identified and monitored in the area for the first time. Furthermore, a background noise analysis within the fin whale communication frequency band (17.9–22.5 Hz) was conducted to investigate possible detection-masking effects. The study confirms the hypothesis that fin whales are present in the Ionian Sea throughout all seasons, with peaks in call detection rate during spring and summer months. The analysis also demonstrates that calls were more frequently detected in low background noise conditions. Further analysis will be performed to understand whether observed levels of noise limit the acoustic detection of the fin whales vocalizations, or whether the animals vocalize less in the presence of high background noise.
    Description: Published
    Description: e0141838
    Description: 3A. Ambiente Marino
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Whales ; Bioacoustics ; Background noise (acoustics) ; Acoustic signals ; Sperm whales ; Vocalization ; Acoustics ; Data acquisition ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Presence of rapidly degrading permafrost plateaus in southcentral Alaska (2016)
    Copernicus
    In:  EPIC3The Cryosphere Discussions, Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-26
    Description: Permafrost presence is determined by a complex interaction of climatic, topographic, and ecological conditions operating over long time scales. In particular, vegetation and organic layer characteristics may act to protect permafrost in regions with a mean annual air temperature (MAAT) above 0 °C. In this study, we document the presence of residual permafrost plateaus on the western Kenai Peninsula lowlands of southcentral Alaska, a region with a MAAT of 1.5 ± 1 °C (1981 to 2010). Continuous ground temperature measurements between 16 September 2012 and 15 September 2015, using calibrated thermistor strings, documented the presence of warm permafrost (−0.04 to −0.08 °C). Field measurements (probing) on several plateau features during the fall of 2015 showed that the depth to the permafrost table averaged 1.48 m but was as shallow as 0.53 m. Late winter surveys (drilling, coring, and GPR) in 2016 showed that the average seasonally frozen ground thickness was 0.45 m, overlying a talik above the permafrost table. Measured permafrost thickness ranged from 0.33 to 〉 6.90 m. Manual interpretation of historic aerial photography acquired in 1950 indicates that residual permafrost plateaus covered 920 ha as mapped across portions of four wetland complexes encompassing 4810 ha. However, between 1950 and ca. 2010, permafrost plateau extent decreased by 60 %, with lateral feature degradation accounting for 85 % of the reduction in area. Permafrost loss on the Kenai Peninsula is likely associated with a warming climate, wildfires that remove the protective forest and organic layer cover, groundwater flow at depth, and lateral heat transfer from wetland surface waters in the summer. Better understanding the resilience and vulnerability of ecosystem-protected permafrost is critical for mapping and predicting future permafrost extent and degradation across all permafrost regions that are currently warming. Further work should focus on reconstructing permafrost history in southcentral Alaska as well as additional contemporary observations of these ecosystem-protected permafrost sites lying south of the regions with relatively stable permafrost.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , notRev
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The amyloid precursor protein of Alzheimer’s disease clusters at the organelle/microtubule interface on organelles that bind microtubules in an ATP dependent manner (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS One 11 (2016): e0147808, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147808.
    Description: The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a causal agent in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease and is a transmembrane protein that associates with membrane-limited organelles. APP has been shown to co-purify through immunoprecipitation with a kinesin light chain suggesting that APP may act as a trailer hitch linking kinesin to its intercellular cargo, however this hypothesis has been challenged. Previously, we identified an mRNA transcript that encodes a squid homolog of human APP770. The human and squid isoforms share 60% sequence identity and 76% sequence similarity within the cytoplasmic domain and share 15 of the final 19 amino acids at the C-terminus establishing this highly conserved domain as a functionally import segment of the APP molecule. Here, we study the distribution of squid APP in extruded axoplasm as well as in a well-characterized reconstituted organelle/microtubule preparation from the squid giant axon in which organelles bind microtubules and move towards the microtubule plus-ends. We find that APP associates with microtubules by confocal microscopy and co-purifies with KI-washed axoplasmic organelles by sucrose density gradient fractionation. By electron microscopy, APP clusters at a single focal point on the surfaces of organelles and localizes to the organelle/microtubule interface. In addition, the association of APP-organelles with microtubules is an ATP dependent process suggesting that the APP-organelles contain a microtubule-based motor protein. Although a direct kinesin/APP association remains controversial, the distribution of APP at the organelle/microtubule interface strongly suggests that APP-organelles have an orientation and that APP like the Alzheimer’s protein tau has a microtubule-based function.
    Description: Research reported in this publication was supported by an Institutional Development Award (IDeA) from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under grant number P20GM103430.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Influence of environmental variables on Gambierdiscus spp. (Dinophyceae) growth and distribution (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS One 11 (2016): e0153197, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0153197.
    Description: Benthic dinoflagellates in the genus Gambierdiscus produce the ciguatoxin precursors responsible for the occurrence of ciguatera toxicity. The prevalence of ciguatera toxins in fish has been linked to the presence and distribution of toxin-producing species in coral reef ecosystems, which is largely determined by the presence of suitable benthic habitat and environmental conditions favorable for growth. Here using single factor experiments, we examined the effects of salinity, irradiance, and temperature on growth of 17 strains of Gambierdiscus representing eight species/phylotypes (G. belizeanus, G. caribaeus, G. carolinianus, G. carpenteri, G. pacificus, G. silvae, Gambierdiscus sp. type 4–5), most of which were established from either Marakei Island, Republic of Kiribati, or St. Thomas, United States Virgin Island (USVI). Comparable to prior studies, growth rates fell within the range of 0–0.48 divisions day-1. In the salinity and temperature studies, Gambierdiscus responded in a near Gaussian, non-linear manner typical for such studies, with optimal and suboptimal growth occurring in the range of salinities of 25 and 45 and 21.0 and 32.5°C. In the irradiance experiment, no mortality was observed; however, growth rates at 55μmol photons · m-2 · s-1 were lower than those at 110–400μmol photons · m-2 · s-1. At the extremes of the environmental conditions tested, growth rates were highly variable, evidenced by large coefficients of variability. However, significant differences in intraspecific growth rates were typically found only at optimal or near-optimal growth conditions. Polynomial regression analyses showed that maximum growth occurred at salinity and temperature levels of 30.1–38.5 and 23.8–29.2°C, respectively. Gambierdiscus growth patterns varied among species, and within individual species: G. belizeanus, G. caribaeus, G. carpenteri, and G. pacificus generally exhibited a wider range of tolerance to environmental conditions, which may explain their broad geographic distribution. In contrast, G. silvae and Gambierdiscus sp. types 4–5 all displayed a comparatively narrow range of tolerance to temperature, salinity, and irradiance.
    Description: This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41506137); Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2015GXNSFCA139003), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U01 EH000421); USFDA (F223201000060C); NOAA NOS through the CiguaHAB program (Cooperative Agreement NA11NOS4780060, NA11NOS4780028); the Lana Vento Trust and VI-EPSCoR Program (NSF award # 346483 & 081441); and a System Fund from Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education (2014BGERLXT01). Support was also provided by the Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health through National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant OCE-1314642, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Grant 1-P01-ES021923-014, as well as the China Scholarship Council.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Comparative analysis of secretome profiles of manganese(II)-oxidizing Ascomycete fungi (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.
    Description: Fungal secretomes contain a wide range of hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes, including cellulases, hemicellulases, pectinases, and lignin-degrading accessory enzymes, that synergistically drive litter decomposition in the environment. While secretome studies of model organisms such as Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Aspergillus species have greatly expanded our knowledge of these enzymes, few have extended secretome characterization to environmental isolates or conducted side-by-side comparisons of diverse species. Thus, the mechanisms of carbon degradation by many ubiquitous soil fungi remain poorly understood. Here we use a combination of LC-MS/MS, genomic, and bioinformatic analyses to characterize and compare the protein composition of the secretomes of four recently isolated, cosmopolitan, Mn(II)-oxidizing Ascomycetes (Alternaria alternata SRC1lrK2f, Stagonospora sp. SRC1lsM3a, Pyrenochaeta sp. DS3sAY3a, and Paraconiothyrium sporulosum AP3s5-JAC2a). We demonstrate that the organisms produce a rich yet functionally similar suite of extracellular enzymes, with species-specific differences in secretome composition arising from unique amino acid sequences rather than overall protein function. Furthermore, we identify not only a wide range of carbohydrate-active enzymes that can directly oxidize recalcitrant carbon, but also an impressive suite of redox-active accessory enzymes that suggests a role for Fenton-based hydroxyl radical formation in indirect, non-specific lignocellulose attack. Our findings highlight the diverse oxidative capacity of these environmental isolates and enhance our understanding of the role of filamentous Ascomycetes in carbon turnover in the environment.
    Description: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (www.nsf.gov), grant numbers EAR-1249489 and CBET-1336496, both awarded to CMH. Personal support for CAZ was also provided by Harvard University (www.harvard.edu) and by a Ford Foundation (www.fordfoundation.org) Predoctoral Fellowship administered by the National Academies.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Potential impacts of offshore wind farms on North Sea stratification (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS One 11 (2016): e0160830, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160830 .
    Description: Advances in offshore wind farm (OWF) technology have recently led to their construction in coastal waters that are deep enough to be seasonally stratified. As tidal currents move past the OWF foundation structures they generate a turbulent wake that will contribute to a mixing of the stratified water column. In this study we show that the mixing generated in this way may have a significant impact on the large-scale stratification of the German Bight region of the North Sea. This region is chosen as the focus of this study since the planning of OWFs is particularly widespread. Using a combination of idealised modelling and in situ measurements, we provide order-of-magnitude estimates of two important time scales that are key to understanding the impacts of OWFs: (i) a mixing time scale, describing how long a complete mixing of the stratification takes, and (ii) an advective time scale, quantifying for how long a water parcel is expected to undergo enhanced wind farm mixing. The results are especially sensitive to both the drag coefficient and type of foundation structure, as well as the evolution of the pycnocline under enhanced mixing conditions—both of which are not well known. With these limitations in mind, the results show that OWFs could impact the large-scale stratification, but only when they occupy extensive shelf regions. They are expected to have very little impact on large-scale stratification at the current capacity in the North Sea, but the impact could be significant in future large-scale development scenarios.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Helmholtz Foundation through the Polar Regions and Coasts in the Changing Earth System II (PACES II) program.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Predicting interactions between common dolphins and the pole-and-line tuna fishery in the Azores (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS ONE 11 (2016): e0164107, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0164107.
    Description: Common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) are responsible for the large majority of interactions with the pole-and-line tuna fishery in the Azores but the underlying drivers remain poorly understood. In this study we investigate the influence of various environmental and fisheries-related factors in promoting the interaction of common dolphins with this fishery and estimate the resultant catch losses. We analysed 15 years of fishery and cetacean interaction data (1998–2012) collected by observers placed aboard tuna fishing vessels. Dolphins interacted in less than 3% of the fishing events observed during the study period. The probability of dolphin interaction varied significantly between years with no evident trend over time. Generalized additive modeling results suggest that fishing duration, sea surface temperature and prey abundance in the region were the most important factors explaining common dolphin interaction. Dolphin interaction had no impact on the catches of albacore, skipjack and yellowfin tuna but resulted in significantly lower catches of bigeye tuna, with a predicted median annual loss of 13.5% in the number of fish captured. However, impact on bigeye catches varied considerably both by year and fishing area. Our work shows that rates of common dolphin interaction with the pole-and-line tuna fishery in the Azores are low and showed no signs of increase over the study period. Although overall economic impact was low, the interaction may lead to significant losses in some years. These findings emphasize the need for continued monitoring and for further research into the consequences and economic viability of potential mitigation measures.
    Description: This work was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) and DRCT/SRCTE, though FEDER, the Competitiveness Factors Operational (COMPETE), QREN European Social Fund, the Portuguese Ministry for Science and Education, under research projects TRACE (PTDC/MAR/74071/2006), FCT Exploratory Project (IF/00943/2013/CP1199/CT0001), and MAPCET (M2.1.2/F/012/2011). We acknowledge the support of Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), through the strategic project UID/MAR/04292/2013 granted to MARE. We thank the Azorean Regional Government for funding POPA, the Ship-owners Association and the Association of the Tuna Canning Industries for their support to the program. MJC was supported by a DRCT doctoral grant (M3.1.2/F/008/2009). MAS was supported by POPH, QREN, European Social Fund and Portuguese Ministry for Science and Education, through an FCT Investigator grant (IF/00943/2013).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Mercury-pollution induction of intracellular lipid accumulation and lysosomal compartment amplification in the benthic foraminifer Ammonia parkinsoniana (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The definitive version was published in PLoS One 11 (2016): e0162401, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0162401.
    Description: Heavy metals such as mercury (Hg) pose a significant health hazard through bioaccumulation and biomagnification. By penetrating cell membranes, heavy metal ions may lead to pathological conditions. Here we examined the responses of Ammonia parkinsoniana, a benthic foraminiferan, to different concentrations of Hg in the artificial sea water. Confocal images of untreated and treated specimens using fluorescent probes (Nile Red and Acridine Orange) provided an opportunity for visualizing the intracellular lipid accumulation and acidic compartment regulation. With increased Hg over time, we observed an increased number of lipid droplets, which may have acted as a detoxifying organelle where Hg is sequestered and biologically inactivated. Further, Hg seems to promote the proliferation of lysosomes both in terms of number and dimension that, at the highest level of Hg, resulted in cell death. We report, for the first time, the presence of Hg within the foraminiferal cell: at the basal part of pores, in the organic linings of the foramen/septa, and as cytoplasmic accumulations.
    Description: The research for this paper was partially made possible by the financial support from the PRIN 2010-2011 Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (MIUR) (protocollo 2010RMTLYR) to RC. JMB acknowledges support from The Investment in Science Fund at WHOI. BG, JRE, AJ, LZ, and EMP were supported in part by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research, US Department of Energy (DOE) as part of the Mercury Science Focus Area at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is managed by UT-Battelle LLC for the DOE under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 11
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The good, the bad, and the tiny : a simple, mechanistic-probabilistic model of virus-nutrient colimitation in microbes (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2015. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS One 10 (2015): e0143299, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0143299.
    Description: For phytoplankton and other microbes, nutrient receptors are often the passages through which viruses invade. This presents a bottom-up vs. top-down, co-limitation scenario; how do these would-be-hosts balance minimizing viral susceptibility with maximizing uptake of limiting nutrient(s)? This question has been addressed in the biological literature on evolutionary timescales for populations, but a shorter timescale, mechanistic perspective is lacking, and marine viral literature suggests the strong influence of additional factors, e.g. host size; while the literature on both nutrient uptake and host-virus interactions is expansive, their intersection, of ubiquitous relevance to marine environments, is understudied. I present a simple, mechanistic model from first principles to analyze the effect of this co-limitation scenario on individual growth, which suggests that in environments with high risk of viral invasion or spatial/temporal heterogeneity, an individual host’s growth rate may be optimized with respect to receptor coverage, producing top-down selective pressure on short timescales. The model has general applicability, is suggestive of hypotheses for empirical exploration, and can be extended to theoretical studies of more complex behaviors and systems.
    Description: This work was supported by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Charles Vest Presidential Fellowship.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: text/csv
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 12
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    AMS radiocarbon dating of large za baobabs (Adansonia za) of Madagascar (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS One 11 (2016): e0146977, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146977 .
    Description: The article reports the radiocarbon investigation of Anzapalivoro, the largest za baobab (Adansonia za) specimen of Madagascar and of another za, namely the Big cistern baobab. Several wood samples collected from the large inner cavity and from the outer part/exterior of the tree were investigated by AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon dating. For samples collected from the cavity walls, the age values increase with the distance into the wood up to a point of maximum age, after which the values decrease toward the outer part. This anomaly of age sequences indicates that the inner cavity of Anzapalivoro is a false cavity, practically an empty space between several fused stems disposed in a ring-shaped structure. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was 780 ± 30 bp, which corresponds to a calibrated age of around 735 yr. Dating results indicate that Anzapalivoro has a closed ring-shaped structure, which consists of 5 fused stems that close a false cavity. The oldest part of the biggest za baobab has a calculated age of 900 years. We also disclose results of the investigation of a second za baobab, the Big cistern baobab, which was hollowed out for water storage. This specimen, which consists of 4 fused stems, was found to be around 260 years old.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 13
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Biochemical mechanisms for geographical adaptations to novel toxin exposures in butterflyfish (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The definitive version was published in PLoS One 11 (2016): e0154208, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154208
    Description: Some species of butterflyfish have had preyed upon corals for millions of years, yet the mechanism of butterflyfish specialized coral feeding strategy remains poorly understood. Certain butterflyfish have the ability to feed on allelochemically rich soft corals, e.g. Sinularia maxima. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is the predominant enzyme system responsible for the detoxification of dietary allelochemicals. CYP2-like and CYP3A-like content have been associated with butterflyfish that preferentially consumes allelochemically rich soft corals. To investigate the role of butterflyfish CYP2 and CYP3A enzymes in dietary preference, we conducted oral feeding experiments using homogenates of S. maxima and a toxin isolated from the coral in four species of butterflyfish with different feeding strategies. After oral exposure to the S. maxima toxin 5-episinulaptolide (5ESL), which is not normally encountered in the Hawaiian butterflyfish diet, an endemic specialist, Chaetodon multicinctus experienced 100% mortality compared to a generalist, Chaetodon auriga, which had significantly more (3–6 fold higher) CYP3A-like basal content and catalytic activity. The specialist, Chaetodon unimaculatus, which preferentially feed on S. maxima in Guam, but not in Hawaii, had 100% survival, a significant induction of 8–12 fold CYP3A-like content, and an increased ability (2-fold) to metabolize 5ESL over other species. Computer modeling data of CYP3A4 with 5ESL were consistent with microsomal transformation of 5ESL to a C15-16 epoxide from livers of C. unimaculatus. Epoxide formation correlated with CYP3A-like content, catalytic activity, induction, and NADPH-dependent metabolism of 5ESL. These results suggest a potentially important role for the CYP3A family in butterflyfish-coral diet selection through allelochemical detoxification.
    Description: This work received support from the following sources: Resource Allocation Program of the Agricultural Research Station for UCR to DS; Summer funding by Hilda and George Liebig Environmental Sciences Summer Fellowship and travel grant Albert March Environmental Sciences Scholarship from the University of California, Riverside; and the Chemistry and DMPK CORE of COBRE, P20GM104932 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) supported the chemistry studies.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 14
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Smartphone-based distributed data collection enables rapid assessment of shorebird habitat suitability (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: This is an open access article, free of all copyright. The definitive version was published in PLoS ONE 11 (2016): e0164979, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164979.
    Description: Understanding and managing dynamic coastal landscapes for beach-dependent species requires biological and geological data across the range of relevant environments and habitats. It is difficult to acquire such information; data often have limited focus due to resource constraints, are collected by non-specialists, or lack observational uniformity. We developed an open-source smartphone application called iPlover that addresses these difficulties in collecting biogeomorphic information at piping plover (Charadrius melodus) nest sites on coastal beaches. This paper describes iPlover development and evaluates data quality and utility following two years of collection (n = 1799 data points over 1500 km of coast between Maine and North Carolina, USA). We found strong agreement between field user and expert assessments and high model skill when data were used for habitat suitability prediction. Methods used here to develop and deploy a distributed data collection system have broad applicability to interdisciplinary environmental monitoring and modeling.
    Description: This work was supported by the North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative through the U.S. Department of the Interior Hurricane Sandy recovery program under the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act of 2013, and the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geology Program.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 15
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Analysis of lung microbiota in bronchoalveolar lavage, protected brush and sputum samples from subjects with mild-to-moderate cystic fibrosis Lung Disease (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS 11 (2016): e0149998, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149998.
    Description: Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) often acquire chronic lung infections that lead to irreversible damage. We sought to examine regional variation in the microbial communities in the lungs of individuals with mild-to-moderate CF lung disease, to examine the relationship between the local microbiota and local damage, and to determine the relationships between microbiota in samples taken directly from the lung and the microbiota in spontaneously expectorated sputum. In this initial study, nine stable, adult CF patients with an FEV1〉50% underwent regional sampling of different lobes of the right lung by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and protected brush (PB) sampling of mucus plugs. Sputum samples were obtained from six of the nine subjects immediately prior to the procedure. Microbial community analysis was performed on DNA extracted from these samples and the extent of damage in each lobe was quantified from a recent CT scan. The extent of damage observed in regions of the right lung did not correlate with specific microbial genera, levels of community diversity or composition, or bacterial genome copies per ml of BAL fluid. In all subjects, BAL fluid from different regions of the lung contained similar microbial communities. In eight out of nine subjects, PB samples from different regions of the lung were also similar in microbial community composition, and were similar to microbial communities in BAL fluid from the same lobe. Microbial communities in PB samples were more diverse than those in BAL samples, suggesting enrichment of some taxa in mucus plugs. To our knowledge, this study is the first to examine the microbiota in different regions of the CF lung in clinically stable individuals with mild-to-moderate CF-related lung disease.
    Description: Support from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Research Development Program (STANTO07R0) as a pilot grant to DAH and AA. Research reported in this publication was also supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health to DAH (R01 AI091702 to DAH) and the American Asthma Foundation Scholars Award and CFFT-ASHARE15A0 and R01HL122372 to AA and R01 HL074175 (BAS). The Dartmouth Lung Biology Center and CF Translational Research Core was supported by an Institutional Development Award (IDeA) from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under grant number P30GM106394 and by the CFF RDP (CFRDP STANTO11R0).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 16
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Abundance and distribution of sperm whales in the Canary Islands : can sperm whales in the archipelago sustain the current level of ship-strike mortalities? (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS 11 (2016): e0150660, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150660.
    Description: Sperm whales are present in the Canary Islands year-round, suggesting that the archipelago is an important area for this species in the North Atlantic. However, the area experiences one of the highest reported rates of sperm whale ship-strike in the world. Here we investigate if the number of sperm whales found in the archipelago can sustain the current rate of ship-strike mortality. The results of this study may also have implications for offshore areas where concentrations of sperm whales may coincide with high densities of ship traffic, but where ship-strikes may be undocumented. The absolute abundance of sperm whales in an area of 52933 km2, covering the territorial waters of the Canary Islands, was estimated from 2668 km of acoustic line-transect survey using Distance sampling analysis. Data on sperm whale diving and acoustic behaviour, obtained from bio-logging, were used to calculate g(0) = 0.92, this is less than one because of occasional extended periods when whales do not echolocate. This resulted in an absolute abundance estimate of 224 sperm whales (95% log-normal CI 120–418) within the survey area. The recruitment capability of this number of whales, some 2.5 whales per year, is likely to be exceeded by the current ship-strike mortality rate. Furthermore, we found areas of higher whale density within the archipelago, many coincident with those previously described, suggesting that these are important habitats for females and immature animals inhabiting the archipelago. Some of these areas are crossed by active shipping lanes increasing the risk of ship-strikes. Given the philopatry in female sperm whales, replacement of impacted whales might be limited. Therefore, the application of mitigation measures to reduce the ship-strike mortality rate seems essential for the conservation of sperm whales in the Canary Islands.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 17
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Cisplatin resistant spheroids model clinically relevant survival mechanisms in ovarian tumors (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS 11 (2016): e0151089, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151089 .
    Description: The majority of ovarian tumors eventually recur in a drug resistant form. Using cisplatin sensitive and resistant cell lines assembled into 3D spheroids we profiled gene expression and identified candidate mechanisms and biological pathways associated with cisplatin resistance. OVCAR-8 human ovarian carcinoma cells were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of cisplatin to create a matched cisplatin-resistant cell line, OVCAR-8R. Genome-wide gene expression profiling of sensitive and resistant ovarian cancer spheroids identified 3,331 significantly differentially expressed probesets coding for 3,139 distinct protein-coding genes (Fc 〉2, FDR 〈 0.05) (S2 Table). Despite significant expression changes in some transporters including MDR1, cisplatin resistance was not associated with differences in intracellular cisplatin concentration. Cisplatin resistant cells were significantly enriched for a mesenchymal gene expression signature. OVCAR-8R resistance derived gene sets were significantly more biased to patients with shorter survival. From the most differentially expressed genes, we derived a 17-gene expression signature that identifies ovarian cancer patients with shorter overall survival in three independent datasets. We propose that the use of cisplatin resistant cell lines in 3D spheroid models is a viable approach to gain insight into resistance mechanisms relevant to ovarian tumors in patients. Our data support the emerging concept that ovarian cancers can acquire drug resistance through an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
    Description: This work was funded by the NIH NCRR supplement grant P41 RR001395-27S1 (J.W.H.), NSF DBI-1005378 “REU Site: Biological Discovery in Woods Hole”, faculty startup funds from the Office of Research at Oklahoma State University (W.C.), and the Mary Kay Foundation (A.S.B.).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 18
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Multiplexed spectral imaging of 120 different fluorescent labels (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons public domain dedication. The definitive version was published in PLoS One 11 (2016): e0158495, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0158495.
    Description: The number of fluorescent labels that can unambiguously be distinguished in a single image when acquired through band pass filters is severely limited by the spectral overlap of available fluorophores. The recent development of spectral microscopy and the application of linear unmixing algorithms to spectrally recorded image data have allowed simultaneous imaging of fluorophores with highly overlapping spectra. However, the number of distinguishable fluorophores is still limited by the unavoidable decrease in signal to noise ratio when fluorescence signals are fractionated over multiple wavelength bins. Here we present a spectral image analysis algorithm to greatly expand the number of distinguishable objects labeled with binary combinations of fluorophores. Our algorithm utilizes a priori knowledge about labeled specimens and imposes a binary label constraint on the unmixing solution. We have applied our labeling and analysis strategy to identify microbes labeled by fluorescence in situ hybridization and here demonstrate the ability to distinguish 120 differently labeled microbes in a single image.
    Description: This work was supported by Grant 2007-3- 13 from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (to GGB), National Institutes of Health Grant 1RC1-DE020630 from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) (to GGB) and by National Institutes of Health Fellowship 1F31-DE019576 from NIDCR (to AMV).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 19
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Methanol production by a broad phylogenetic array of marine phytoplankton (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS 11 (2016): e0150820, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150820.
    Description: Methanol is a major volatile organic compound on Earth and serves as an important carbon and energy substrate for abundant methylotrophic microbes. Previous geochemical surveys coupled with predictive models suggest that the marine contributions are exceedingly large, rivaling terrestrial sources. Although well studied in terrestrial ecosystems, methanol sources are poorly understood in the marine environment and warrant further investigation. To this end, we adapted a Purge and Trap Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (P&T-GC/MS) method which allowed reliable measurements of methanol in seawater and marine phytoplankton cultures with a method detection limit of 120 nanomolar. All phytoplankton tested (cyanobacteria: Synechococcus spp. 8102 and 8103, Trichodesmium erythraeum, and Prochlorococcus marinus), and Eukarya (heterokont diatom: Phaeodactylum tricornutum, coccolithophore: Emiliania huxleyi, cryptophyte: Rhodomonas salina, and non-diatom heterokont: Nannochloropsis oculata) produced methanol, ranging from 0.8–13.7 micromolar in culture and methanol per total cellular carbon were measured in the ranges of 0.09–0.3%. Phytoplankton culture time-course measurements displayed a punctuated production pattern with maxima near early stationary phase. Stabile isotope labeled bicarbonate incorporation experiments confirmed that methanol was produced from phytoplankton biomass. Overall, our findings suggest that phytoplankton are a major source of methanol in the upper water column of the world’s oceans.
    Description: This project was solely supported by a grant to TJM from the National Science Foundation (Award# CHE-OCE 1131415).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 20
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Interspecific hybridization in pilot whales and asymmetric genetic introgression in northern Globicephala melas under the scenario of global warming (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS One 11 (2016): e0160080, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160080 .
    Description: Pilot whales are two cetacean species (Globicephala melas and G. macrorhynchus) whose distributions are correlated with water temperature and partially overlap in some areas like the North Atlantic Ocean. In the context of global warming, distribution range shifts are expected to occur in species affected by temperature. Consequently, a northward displacement of the tropical pilot whale G. macrorynchus is expected, eventually leading to increased secondary contact areas and opportunities for interspecific hybridization. Here, we describe genetic evidences of recurrent hybridization between pilot whales in northeast Atlantic Ocean. Based on mitochondrial DNA sequences and microsatellite loci, asymmetric introgression of G. macrorhynchus genes into G. melas was observed. For the latter species, a significant correlation was found between historical population growth rate estimates and paleotemperature oscillations. Introgressive hybridization, current temperature increases and lower genetic variation in G. melas suggest that this species could be at risk in its northern range. Under increasing environmental and human-mediated stressors in the North Atlantic Ocean, it seems recommendable to develop a conservation program for G. melas.
    Description: LM had a PCTI Grant from the Asturias Regional Government, referenced BP 10-004. MAS was supported by a 2013 FCT Investigator contract through POPH, QREN European Social Fund and the Portuguese Ministry for Science and Education. This study was also supported by a grant from the Principality of Asturias (reference: GRUPIN-2014-093).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 21
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Coastal dynamics and submarine permafrost in shallow water of the central Laptev Sea, East Siberia (2016)
    Copernicus
    In:  EPIC3The Cryosphere, Copernicus, 9(4), pp. 1449-1462, ISSN: 1994-0416
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-29
    Description: Coastal erosion and flooding transform terrestrial landscapes into marine environments. In the Arctic, these processes inundate terrestrial permafrost with seawater and create submarine permafrost. Permafrost begins to warm under marine conditions, which can destabilize the sea floor and may release greenhouse gases. We report on the transition of terrestrial to submarine permafrost at a site where the timing of inundation can be inferred from the rate of coastline retreat. On Muostakh Island in the central Laptev Sea, East Siberia, changes in annual coastline position have been measured for decades and vary highly spatially. We hypothesize that these rates are inversely related to the inclination of the upper surface of submarine ice-bonded permafrost (IBP) based on the consequent duration of inundation with increasing distance from the shoreline. We compared rapidly eroding and stable coastal sections of Muostakh Island and find permafrost-table inclinations, determined using direct current resistivity, of 1 and 5 %, respectively. Determinations of submarine IBP depth from a drilling transect in the early 1980s were compared to resistivity profiles from 2011. Based on borehole observations, the thickness of unfrozen sediment overlying the IBP increased from 0 to 14m below sea level with increasing distance from the shoreline. The geoelectrical profiles showed thickening of the unfrozen sediment overlying ice-bonded permafrost over the 28 years since drilling took place. We use geoelectrical estimates of IBP depth to estimate permafrost degradation rates since inundation. Degradation rates decreased from over 0.4ma-1 following inundation to around 0.1ma-1 at the latest after 60 to 110 years and remained constant at this level as the duration of inundation increased to 250 years. We suggest that long-term rates are lower than these values, as the depth to the IBP increases and thermal and porewater solute concentration gradients over depth decrease. For the study region, recent increases in coastal erosion rate and changes in benthic temperature and salinity regimes are expected to affect the depth to submarine permafrost, leading to coastal regions with shallower IBP.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 22
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Sources and Transformations of Anthropogenic Nitrogen along an Urban River-Estuarine Continuum (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-12
    Description: Sources and Transformations of Anthropogenic Nitrogen along an Urban River-Estuarine Continuum Michael J. Pennino, Sujay S. Kaushal, Sudhir Murthy, Joel Blomquist, Jeff Cornwell, and Lora Harris Biogeosciences Discuss., doi:10.5194/bg-2016-264,2016 Manuscript under review for BG (discussion: open, 0 comments) The results of this manuscript report the analysis of the fate and transport of wastewater and anthropogenic nitrogen along the Potomac River Estuary, from Washington D.C. to the Chesapeake Bay. In conjunction with a mass balance approach, nitrate isotopes were used to estimate fluxes and trace the sources and transformations N along the estuary. This study shows that estuaries have a large capacity to transform N inputs, but with large seasonal variability due to hydrological extremes.
    Print ISSN: 1810-6277
    Electronic ISSN: 1810-6285
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 23
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Boreal fire records in Northern Hemisphere ice cores: A review (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-12
    Description: Boreal fire records in Northern Hemisphere ice cores: A review Michel Legrand, Joseph McConnell, Hubertus Fischer, Eric W. Wolff, Susanne Preunkert, Nathan Chellman, Daiana Leuenberger, Olivia Maselli, Michael Sigl, Simon Schüpbach, and Mike Flannigan Clim. Past Discuss., doi:10.5194/cp-2016-70,2016 Manuscript under review for CP (discussion: open, 0 comments) Here we review previous attempts made to reconstruct past forest fire using chemical signals recorded in Greenland ice. We showed that the Greenland ice records of ammonium, found to be a good fire proxy, consistently indicate changing fire activity in Canada in response to past climatic conditions that occurred since the last 15 000 years including the little ice age and the last large climatic transition.
    Print ISSN: 1814-9324
    Electronic ISSN: 1814-9332
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 24
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Tectonothermal evolution in the core of an arcuate fold and thrust belt: the south-eastern sector of the Cantabrian Zone (Variscan belt, north-western Spain) (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-12
    Description: Tectonothermal evolution in the core of an arcuate fold and thrust belt: the south-eastern sector of the Cantabrian Zone (Variscan belt, north-western Spain) María Luz Valín, Susana García-López, Covadonga Brime, Fernando Bastida, and Jesús Aller Solid Earth, 7, 1003-1022, doi:10.5194/se-7-1003-2016, 2016 The tectonothermal evolution of an area located in the core of the Ibero-Armorican Arc (Variscan belt) has been determined by using the conodont colour alteration index (CAI), Kübler index of illite (KI), the Árkai index of chlorite (AI) and the analysis of clay minerals and rock cleavage. The area is part of the Cantabrian Zone (CZ), which represents the foreland fold and thrust belt of the orogen. It has been thrust by several large units of the CZ, what resulted in the generation of a large number of synorogenic Carboniferous sediments. CAI, KI and AI values show an irregular distribution of metamorphic grade, independent of stratigraphic position. Two tectonothermal events have been distinguished in the area. The first one, poorly defined, is mainly located in the northern part. It gave rise to very-low-grade metamorphism in some areas and it was associated with a deformation event that resulted in the emplacement of the last large thrust unit and development of upright folds and associated cleavage ( S 1 ). The second tectonothermal event gave rise to low-grade metamorphism and cleavage ( S 2 ) crosscutting earlier upright folds in the central, western and southern parts of the study area. The event continued with the intrusion of small igneous rock bodies, which gave rise to contact metamorphism and hydrothermal alteration. This event was linked to an extensional episode due to a gravitational instability at the end of the Variscan deformation. This tectonothermal evolution occurred during the Gzhelian–Sakmarian. Subsequently, several hydrothermal episodes took place and local crenulation cleavage developed during the Alpine deformation.
    Electronic ISSN: 1869-9537
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 25
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Microstructures and deformation mechanisms in Opalinus Clay: insights from scaly clay from the Main Fault in the Mont Terri Rock Laboratory (CH) (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-12
    Description: Microstructures and deformation mechanisms in Opalinus Clay: insights from scaly clay from the Main Fault in the Mont Terri Rock Laboratory (CH) Ben Laurich, Janos L. Urai, and Christophe Nussbaum Solid Earth Discuss., doi:10.5194/se-2016-94,2016 Manuscript under review for SE (discussion: open, 0 comments) Scaly clay is a well-known rock fabric that can develop in tectonic systems and that can alter the physical rock properties of a formation. However, internal microstructure and evolution of this fabric remains poorly understood. We examined the scaly microstructure of progressively faulted Opalinus Clay using optical as well as scanning electron microscopy. We present an evolutionary model for scaly clay that is of interest in the evaluation of Opalinus Clay to host radioactive waste.
    Electronic ISSN: 1869-9537
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 26
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Microstructures and deformation mechanisms in Opalinus Clay: insights from scaly clay from the Main Fault in the Mont Terri Rock Laboratory (CH) (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-12
    Description: Microstructures and deformation mechanisms in Opalinus Clay: insights from scaly clay from the Main Fault in the Mont Terri Rock Laboratory (CH) Ben Laurich, Janos L. Urai, and Christophe Nussbaum Solid Earth Discuss., doi:10.5194/se-2016-94,2016 Manuscript under review for SE (discussion: open, 0 comments) Scaly clay is a well-known rock fabric that can develop in tectonic systems and that can alter the physical rock properties of a formation. However, internal microstructure and evolution of this fabric remains poorly understood. We examined the scaly microstructure of progressively faulted Opalinus Clay using optical as well as scanning electron microscopy. We present an evolutionary model for scaly clay that is of interest in the evaluation of Opalinus Clay to host radioactive waste.
    Print ISSN: 1869-9510
    Electronic ISSN: 1869-9529
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 27
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Fixation kinetics of chelated and non-chelated zinc in semi-arid alkaline soils: application to zinc management (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-12
    Description: Fixation kinetics of chelated and non-chelated zinc in semi-arid alkaline soils: application to zinc management Theophilus K. Udeigwe, Madeleine Eichmann, and Matthew C. Menkiti Solid Earth, 7, 1023-1031, doi:10.5194/se-7-1023-2016, 2016 Micronutrient fixation leads to the reduction of plant-available portions. This study examined the fixation kinetics of chelated and non-chelated zinc (Zn) in semi-arid soils. About 30 % more Zn was fixed in the non-chelated system in the first 14 days. Slope of change of Zn to Cu (i.e., Cu–Zn) was higher than other micronutrients. Zn fixation kinetics were better described by a power-function model. Tools developed from this study will be used to advance micronutrient management.
    Print ISSN: 1869-9510
    Electronic ISSN: 1869-9529
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 28
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Improved MODIS Dark Target Aerosol Optical Depth algorithm over land: Angular effect Correction (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Improved MODIS Dark Target Aerosol Optical Depth algorithm over land: Angular effect Correction Yerong Wu, Martin de Graaf, and Massimo Menenti Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., doi:10.5194/amt-2016-185,2016 Manuscript under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments) In this paper, we developed a new algorithm to improve the retrieval of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) over land with satellite measurement, by refining the shape of the spectral surface reflectance to improve the estimated background reflectance in the channel used for AOD retrieval. The results show that the angular effects of the retrievals are largely reduced, including fewer occurrences of negative retrievals. This implies that the users can get more accurate data without angular bias.
    Print ISSN: 1867-1381
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8548
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 29
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Investigation of processes controlling summertime gaseous elemental mercury oxidation at midlatitudinal marine, coastal, and inland sites (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Investigation of processes controlling summertime gaseous elemental mercury oxidation at midlatitudinal marine, coastal, and inland sites Zhuyun Ye, Huiting Mao, Che-Jen Lin, and Su Youn Kim Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 8461-8478, doi:10.5194/acp-16-8461-2016, 2016 In this study, a state-of-the-art chemical mechanism was incorporated into a box model to investigate the atmospheric Hg cycling in different environments. As a result, for each of the three environments, GOM diurnal cycles of over half the selected cases were reasonably represented by the box model. A realistic model can be a powerful tool, providing important information on atmospheric Hg cycling and implications for policy makers.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7367
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7375
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 30
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Effects of polar stratospheric clouds in the Nimbus 7 LIMS Version 6 data set (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Effects of polar stratospheric clouds in the Nimbus 7 LIMS Version 6 data set Ellis Remsberg and V. Lynn Harvey Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 2927-2946, doi:10.5194/amt-9-2927-2016, 2016 Emissions from polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) particles affect the retrieved ozone and water vapor from the Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) satellite experiment. Threshold criteria are applied to the retrieved ozone for the detection and screening of those effects. The PSC effects correlate very well with regions of coldest temperatures (
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8610
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 31
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The 1816 ‘year without a summer’ in an atmospheric reanalysis (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: The 1816 ‘year without a summer’ in an atmospheric reanalysis Philip Brohan, Gilbert P. Compo, Stefan Brönnimann, Robert J. Allan, Renate Auchmann, Yuri Brugnara, Prashant D. Sardeshmukh, and Jeffrey S. Whitaker Clim. Past Discuss., doi:10.5194/cp-2016-78,2016 Manuscript under review for CP (discussion: open, 0 comments) We have used modern weather forecasting tools to reconstruct the dreadful European weather of 200 years ago – 1816 was the ‘year without a summer’; harvests failed, and people starved. We can show that 1816’s extreme climate was caused by the eruption of the Tambora volcano the previous year. This means we have some chance of predicting such extreme summers if they occur in future, though this is still a challenge to today’s forecast models.
    Print ISSN: 1814-9340
    Electronic ISSN: 1814-9359
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 32
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Palynological evidence for late Miocene stepwise aridification on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Palynological evidence for late Miocene stepwise aridification on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau Jia Liu, Ji Jun Li, Chun Hui Song, Hao Yu, Ting Jiang Peng, Zheng Chuang Hui, and Xi Yan Ye Clim. Past, 12, 1473-1484, doi:10.5194/cp-12-1473-2016, 2016 The late Cenozoic basins in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau document both the tectonic uplift process and its associated environmental changes. Here, we investigated a late Miocene sporopollen record from the Tianshui Basin in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. The results show that a persistent aridification trend parallels the global cooling of the late Miocene, and the stepwise vegetation succession is consistent with the major uplift events of the Tibetan Plateau.
    Print ISSN: 1814-9324
    Electronic ISSN: 1814-9332
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 33
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Gone or just out of sight? The apparent disappearance of aromatic litter components in soils (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Gone or just out of sight? The apparent disappearance of aromatic litter components in soils Thimo Klotzbücher, Karsten Kalbitz, Chiara Cerli, Peter J. Hernes, and Klaus Kaiser SOIL, 2, 325-335, doi:10.5194/soil-2-325-2016, 2016 Uncertainties concerning stabilization of organic compounds in soil limit our basic understanding on soil organic matter (SOM) formation and our ability to model and manage effects of global change on SOM stocks. One controversially debated aspect is the contribution of aromatic litter components, such as lignin and tannins, to stable SOM forms. Here, we summarize and discuss the inconsistencies and propose research options to clear them.
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 34
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Structure of Suasselkä Postglacial Fault in northern Finland obtained by analysis of local events and ambient seismic noise (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Structure of Suasselkä Postglacial Fault in northern Finland obtained by analysis of local events and ambient seismic noise Nikita Afonin, Elena Kozlovskaya, Ilmo Kukkonen, and DAFNE/FINLAND Working Group Solid Earth Discuss., doi:10.5194/se-2016-90,2016 Manuscript under review for SE (discussion: open, 0 comments) Understanding inner structure of seismogenic faults and their ability to reactivate is particularly important in investigating continental intraplate seismicity regime. In our study we address this problem using analysis of local seismic events and ambient seismic noise recorded by the temporary DAFNE array in northern Fennoscandian Shield. The main purpose of the DAFNE/FINLAND passive seismic array experiment was to characterize the present-day seismicity of the Suasselkä post-glacial fault (SPGF) that was proposed as one potential target for the DAFNE (Drilling Active Faults in Northern Europe) project. The DAFNE/FINLAND array comprised the area of about 20 to 100 km and consisted of 8 short-period and 4 broad-band 3-component autonomous seismic stations installed in the close vicinity of the fault area. The array recorded continuous seismic data during September, 2011–May, 2013. Recordings of the array have being analyzed in order to identify and locate natural earthquakes from the fault area and to discriminate them from the blasts in the Kittilä Gold Mine. As a result, we found several dozens of natural seismic events originating from the fault area, which proves that the fault is still seismically active. In order to study the inner structure of the SPGF we use cross-correlation of ambient seismic noise recorded by the array. Analysis of azimuthal distribution of noise sources demonstrated that during the time interval under consideration the distribution of noise sources is close to the uniform one. The continuous data were processed in several steps including single station data analysis, instrument response removal and time-domain stacking. The data were used to estimate empirical Green’s functions between pairs of stations in the frequency band of 0.1–1 Hz and to calculate correspondent surface wave dispersion curves. The S-wave velocity models were obtained as a result of dispersion curves inversion. The results suggest that the area of the SPGF corresponds to a narrow region of low S-wave velocities surrounded by rocks with high S-wave velocities. We interpret this low velocity region as a non-healed mechanically weak fault damage zone (FDZ) that remained after the last major earthquake that occurred after the last glaciation.
    Electronic ISSN: 1869-9537
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 35
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Structure of Suasselkä Postglacial Fault in northern Finland obtained by analysis of local events and ambient seismic noise (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Structure of Suasselkä Postglacial Fault in northern Finland obtained by analysis of local events and ambient seismic noise Nikita Afonin, Elena Kozlovskaya, Ilmo Kukkonen, and DAFNE/FINLAND Working Group Solid Earth Discuss., doi:10.5194/se-2016-90,2016 Manuscript under review for SE (discussion: open, 0 comments) Understanding inner structure of seismogenic faults and their ability to reactivate is particularly important in investigating continental intraplate seismicity regime. In our study we address this problem using analysis of local seismic events and ambient seismic noise recorded by the temporary DAFNE array in northern Fennoscandian Shield. The main purpose of the DAFNE/FINLAND passive seismic array experiment was to characterize the present-day seismicity of the Suasselkä post-glacial fault (SPGF) that was proposed as one potential target for the DAFNE (Drilling Active Faults in Northern Europe) project. The DAFNE/FINLAND array comprised the area of about 20 to 100 km and consisted of 8 short-period and 4 broad-band 3-component autonomous seismic stations installed in the close vicinity of the fault area. The array recorded continuous seismic data during September, 2011–May, 2013. Recordings of the array have being analyzed in order to identify and locate natural earthquakes from the fault area and to discriminate them from the blasts in the Kittilä Gold Mine. As a result, we found several dozens of natural seismic events originating from the fault area, which proves that the fault is still seismically active. In order to study the inner structure of the SPGF we use cross-correlation of ambient seismic noise recorded by the array. Analysis of azimuthal distribution of noise sources demonstrated that during the time interval under consideration the distribution of noise sources is close to the uniform one. The continuous data were processed in several steps including single station data analysis, instrument response removal and time-domain stacking. The data were used to estimate empirical Green’s functions between pairs of stations in the frequency band of 0.1–1 Hz and to calculate correspondent surface wave dispersion curves. The S-wave velocity models were obtained as a result of dispersion curves inversion. The results suggest that the area of the SPGF corresponds to a narrow region of low S-wave velocities surrounded by rocks with high S-wave velocities. We interpret this low velocity region as a non-healed mechanically weak fault damage zone (FDZ) that remained after the last major earthquake that occurred after the last glaciation.
    Print ISSN: 1869-9510
    Electronic ISSN: 1869-9529
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 36
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Comparison of box counting and correlation dimension methods in well logging data analysis associate with the texture of volcanic rocks (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Comparison of box counting and correlation dimension methods in well logging data analysis associate with the texture of volcanic rocks D. Mou and Z. W. Wang Nonlin. Processes Geophys. Discuss., doi:10.5194/npg-2014-85,2016 Manuscript under review for NPG (discussion: open, 0 comments) We have developed a fractal analysis method to estimate the dimension of well logging curves in Liaohe oil field, China. The box counting and correlation dimension are methods that can be applied to predict the texture of volcanic rocks with calculation the fractal dimension of well logging curves. The well logging curves are composed of gamma ray (GR), compensated neutron logs (CNL), acoustic (AC), density (DEN), Resistivity lateral log deep ( R LLD ), every curve contains a total of 6000 logging data. The dimension of well logging curves are calculated using box counting and correlation algorithms respectively. It is shown that two types of dimension of CNL, DEN and AC have the same average value. The box counting dimension of volcanic lava is lower than the pyroclastic rock obviously. The majority of correlation dimension of volcanic lava is lower than the pyroclastic rock, but a small amount of correlation dimension of volcanic lava is equal to the pyroclastic rock. It is demonstrated that the box counting dimension is more suitable for predicting the texture of volcanic rocks. Applications to logging data, A well show the relationship between the fractal dimension and the texture of volcanic rock in certain depth.
    Print ISSN: 1023-5809
    Electronic ISSN: 1607-7946
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 37
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    First year of the new Arctic AWIPEV-COSYNA cabled Underwater Observatory in Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: First year of the new Arctic AWIPEV-COSYNA cabled Underwater Observatory in Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen Philipp Fischer, Max Schwanitz, Reiner Loth, Uwe Posner, Markus Brand, and Friedhelm Schröder Ocean Sci. Discuss., doi:10.5194/os-2016-52,2016 Manuscript under review for OS (discussion: open, 0 comments) We observed oceanographic and community data from October 2013 to November 2014 in the shallow waters of Kongsfjorden on the west coast of Svalbard (Norway) using remote controlled hydrographic and optic sensors. Daily vertical profiles of temperature, salinity and turbidity were sampled together with stereo images of the macrobiotic community, including fish. A distinct seasonal cycle in total species abundances was found with surprisingly high animal counts during the polar winter.
    Print ISSN: 1812-0806
    Electronic ISSN: 1812-0822
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 38
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Landfast ice thickness in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago from observations and models (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Landfast ice thickness in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago from observations and models Stephen E. L. Howell, Frédéric Laliberté, Ron Kwok, Chris Derksen, and Joshua King The Cryosphere, 10, 1463-1475, doi:10.5194/tc-10-1463-2016, 2016 The Canadian Ice Service record of observed landfast ice and snow thickness represents one of the longest in the Arctic that spans over 5 decades. We analyze this record to report on long-term trends and variability of ice and snow thickness within the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA). Results indicate a thinning of ice at several sites in the CAA. State-of-the-art climate models still have difficultly capturing observed ice thickness values in the CAA and should be used with caution.
    Print ISSN: 1994-0416
    Electronic ISSN: 1994-0424
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 39
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Coastal dynamics and submarine permafrost in shallow water of the central Laptev Sea, East Siberia (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Coastal dynamics and submarine permafrost in shallow water of the central Laptev Sea, East Siberia Pier Paul Overduin, Sebastian Wetterich, Frank Günther, Mikhail N. Grigoriev, Guido Grosse, Lutz Schirrmeister, Hans-Wolfgang Hubberten, and Aleksandr Makarov The Cryosphere, 10, 1449-1462, doi:10.5194/tc-10-1449-2016, 2016 How fast does permafrost warm up and thaw after it is covered by the sea? Ice-rich permafrost in the Laptev Sea, Siberia, is rapidly eroded by warm air and waves. We used a floating electrical technique to measure the depth of permafrost thaw below the sea, and compared it to 60 years of coastline retreat and permafrost depths from drilling 30 years ago. Thaw is rapid right after flooding of the land and slows over time. The depth of permafrost is related to how fast the coast retreats.
    Print ISSN: 1994-0432
    Electronic ISSN: 1994-0440
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 40
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Age of the Mt. Ortles ice cores, the Tyrolean Iceman and glaciation of the highest summit of South Tyrol since the Northern Hemisphere Climatic Optimum (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Age of the Mt. Ortles ice cores, the Tyrolean Iceman and glaciation of the highest summit of South Tyrol since the Northern Hemisphere Climatic Optimum Paolo Gabrielli, Carlo Barbante, Giuliano Bertagna, Michele Bertó, Daniel Binder, Alberto Carton, Luca Carturan, Federico Cazorzi, Giulio Cozzi, Giancarlo Dalla Fontana, Mary Davis, Fabrizio De Blasi, Roberto Dinale, Gianfranco Dragà, Giuliano Dreossi, Daniela Festi, Massimo Frezzotti, Jacopo Gabrieli, Stephan Galos, Patrick Ginot, Petra Heidenwolf, Theo M. Jenk, Natalie Kehrwald, Donald Kenny, Olivier Magand, Volkmar Mair, Vladimir Mikhalenko, Ping Nan Lin, Klaus Oeggl, Gianni Piffer, Mirko Rinaldi, Ulrich Schotterer, Margit Schwikowski, Roberto Seppi, Andrea Spolaor, Barbara Stenni, Davdi Tonidandel, CChiara Uglietti, Victor Zagorodnov, Thomas Zanoner, and Piero Zennaro The Cryosphere Discuss., doi:10.5194/tc-2016-159,2016 Manuscript under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments) New ice cores were extracted from Alto dell'Ortles, the highest glacier of South Tyrol in the Italian Alps, to check whether prehistoric ice, that is coeval to the famous 5200 years old Tyrolean Iceman, is still preserved in this region. Dating of the ice cores confirms the hypothesis and indicates that the drilling site was glaciated since the end of the Northern Hemisphere Climatic Optimum (7000 BP). We also infer that an unprecedented acceleration of the glacier flow has just recently begun.
    Print ISSN: 1994-0432
    Electronic ISSN: 1994-0440
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 41
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Combined diurnal variations of discharge and hydrochemistry of the Isunnguata Sermia outlet of the Greenland Ice Sheet give in sight on sub glacial conditions (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Combined diurnal variations of discharge and hydrochemistry of the Isunnguata Sermia outlet of the Greenland Ice Sheet give in sight on sub glacial conditions Joseph Graly, Joel Harrington, and Neil Humphrey The Cryosphere Discuss., doi:10.5194/tc-2016-137,2016 Manuscript under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments) At a major outlet of the Greenland Ice Sheet in West Greenland, we find that the chemical solutes is the emerging subglacial waters are out of phase with water discharge and can spike in concentration during waning flow. This suggests that the subglacial waters are spreading out across a large area of the glacial bed throughout the day, stimulating chemical weathering beyond the major water distribution channels.
    Print ISSN: 1994-0432
    Electronic ISSN: 1994-0440
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 42
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Why did the storm ex-Gaston (2010) fail to redevelop during the PREDICT experiment? (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Why did the storm ex-Gaston (2010) fail to redevelop during the PREDICT experiment? Thomas M. Freismuth, Blake Rutherford, Mark A. Boothe, and Michael T. Montgomery Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 8511-8519, doi:10.5194/acp-16-8511-2016, 2016 Numerical model analyses are used to investigate the role of dry, environmental air in the failed redevelopment of a tropical cyclone (ex-Gaston, 2010). As early as 12:00 UTC 2 September 2010, a dry layer at and above 600 hPa results in a decrease in the vertical mass flux and vertical, relative vorticity. The intrusion of dry air led to a reduction in vorticity and a compromised pouch at these middle levels. This study supports work looking at the role of dry air in moist convection.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7316
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7324
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 43
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A comparative analysis of UV nadir-backscatter and infrared limb-emission ozone data assimilation (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: A comparative analysis of UV nadir-backscatter and infrared limb-emission ozone data assimilation Rossana Dragani Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 8539-8557, doi:10.5194/acp-16-8539-2016, 2016 We present an assessment of ultraviolet nadir-backscatter and infrared limb-emission ozone data assimilation. Understanding the differences in the impact produced by the assimilation of limb and nadir ozone data is relevant to many applications, including climate reanalysis and air quality. The results show the potential and limitations of each dataset and support the need for a more balanced long-term availability of both types of sensors than currently envisaged.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7316
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7324
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 44
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Continuous measurements of isotopic composition of water vapour on the East Antarctic Plateau (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Continuous measurements of isotopic composition of water vapour on the East Antarctic Plateau Mathieu Casado, Amaelle Landais, Valérie Masson-Delmotte, Christophe Genthon, Erik Kerstel, Samir Kassi, Laurent Arnaud, Ghislain Picard, Frederic Prie, Olivier Cattani, Hans-Christian Steen-Larsen, Etienne Vignon, and Peter Cermak Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 8521-8538, doi:10.5194/acp-16-8521-2016, 2016 Climatic conditions in Concordia are very cold (−55 °C in average) and very dry, imposing difficult conditions to measure the water vapour isotopic composition. New developments in infrared spectroscopy enable now the measurement of isotopic composition in water vapour traces (down to 20 ppmv). Here we present the results results of a first campaign of measurement of isotopic composition of water vapour in Concordia, the site where the 800 000 years long ice core was drilled.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7316
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7324
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 45
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Surface Renewal as a Significant Mechanism for Dust Emission (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Surface Renewal as a Significant Mechanism for Dust Emission Jie Zhang, Zhenjiao Teng, Ning Huang, Lei Guo, and Yaping Shao Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., doi:10.5194/acp-2016-421,2016 Manuscript under review for ACP (discussion: open, 0 comments) In spite of the tremendous efforts, many questions remain unanswered regarding dust emission mechanisms. A series of wind-tunnel experiments are carried out on dust emissions from different soil surfaces to better understand relevant mechanisms. Here are some interesting results that demonstrate the importance of surface renewal mechanism which was normally neglected in previous researches and is strongly recommended to be considered in future dust models.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7316
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7324
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 46
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Variations in O3, CO, and CH4 over the Bay of Bengal during the summer monsoon season: Ship-borne measurements and model simulations (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Variations in O 3 , CO, and CH 4 over the Bay of Bengal during the summer monsoon season: Ship-borne measurements and model simulations Imran A. Girach, Narendra Ojha, Prabha R. Nair, Andrea Pozzer, Yogesh K. Tiwari, K. Ravi Kumar, and Jos Lelieveld Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., doi:10.5194/acp-2016-595,2016 Manuscript under review for ACP (discussion: open, 0 comments) This study presents first ship-borne measurements of trace gases over the Bay of Bengal during summer monsoon. The observed variations in trace gases are shown to be due to dynamics/transport and en-route photochemistry. Analysis of meteorological and chemical fields shows that significantly lower ozone during rainfall is associated with the downdrafts. A regional model reproduces the observed variations and revealed the rapid transport of ozone across the Bay of Bengal during an event.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7316
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7324
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 47
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Chemical Characteristics of Marine Fine Aerosols over Sea and at Offshore Islands during Three Cruise Sampling Campaigns in the Taiwan Strait– Sea Salts and Anthropogenic Particles (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Chemical Characteristics of Marine Fine Aerosols over Sea and at Offshore Islands during Three Cruise Sampling Campaigns in the Taiwan Strait– Sea Salts and Anthropogenic Particles Tsung-Chang Li, Chung-Shin Yuan, Chung-Hsuang Hung, Hsun-Yu Lin, Hu-Ching Huang, and Chon-Lin Lee Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., doi:10.5194/acp-2016-384,2016 Manuscript under review for ACP (discussion: open, 0 comments) This manuscript is significant because it is important to establish data on the background physicochemical characteristics of atmospheric fine particles, as well as their spatial distributions and seasonal variations given various meteorological conditions, and the results of this study will be very much valuable for clarifying the transportation PM 2.5 over sea and at the offshore islands at the Taiwan Strait, which can further fill the the important blank for the global atmospheric research.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7316
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7324
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 48
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Continuous measurements of isotopic composition of water vapour on the East Antarctic Plateau (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Continuous measurements of isotopic composition of water vapour on the East Antarctic Plateau Mathieu Casado, Amaelle Landais, Valérie Masson-Delmotte, Christophe Genthon, Erik Kerstel, Samir Kassi, Laurent Arnaud, Ghislain Picard, Frederic Prie, Olivier Cattani, Hans-Christian Steen-Larsen, Etienne Vignon, and Peter Cermak Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 8521-8538, doi:10.5194/acp-16-8521-2016, 2016 Climatic conditions in Concordia are very cold (−55 °C in average) and very dry, imposing difficult conditions to measure the water vapour isotopic composition. New developments in infrared spectroscopy enable now the measurement of isotopic composition in water vapour traces (down to 20 ppmv). Here we present the results results of a first campaign of measurement of isotopic composition of water vapour in Concordia, the site where the 800 000 years long ice core was drilled.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7367
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7375
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 49
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    On the role of tropopause folds in summertime tropospheric ozone over the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: On the role of tropopause folds in summertime tropospheric ozone over the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East Dimitris Akritidis, Andrea Pozzer, Prodromos Zanis, Evangelos Tyrlis, Bojan Škerlak, Michael Sprenger, and Jos Lelieveld Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., doi:10.5194/acp-2016-547,2016 Manuscript under review for ACP (discussion: open, 0 comments) We investigate the contribution of tropopause folds in the summertime tropospheric ozone pool over the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East. For this purpose we use the EMAC atmospheric chemistry climate model and a fold identification algorithm. A clear increase of ozone is found in the middle troposphere due to fold activity. The interannual variability of near surface ozone over the eastern Mediterranean is related to that of both tropopause folds and ozone in the free troposphere.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7367
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7375
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 50
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A Polarimetric Scattering Database for Non-spherical Ice Particles at MicrowaveWavelengths (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: A Polarimetric Scattering Database for Non-spherical Ice Particles at MicrowaveWavelengths Yinghui Lu, Zhiyuan Jiang, Kultegin Aydin, Johannes Verlinde, Eugene E. Clothiaux, and Giovanni Botta Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., doi:10.5194/amt-2016-228,2016 Manuscript under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments) The database contains the complete(polarimatric) scattering information for different types of ice particles at different incident and scattered radiation directions at 4 microwave wavelengths. These results are useful for understanding the dependence of ice-particle scattering properties on ice-particle orientation with respect to the incident and scattered radiation. It is also useful in ice property retrievals, radar forward simulation.
    Print ISSN: 1867-1381
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8548
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 51
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Variations in O3, CO, and CH4 over the Bay of Bengal during the summer monsoon season: Ship-borne measurements and model simulations (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Variations in O 3 , CO, and CH 4 over the Bay of Bengal during the summer monsoon season: Ship-borne measurements and model simulations Imran A. Girach, Narendra Ojha, Prabha R. Nair, Andrea Pozzer, Yogesh K. Tiwari, K. Ravi Kumar, and Jos Lelieveld Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., doi:10.5194/acp-2016-595,2016 Manuscript under review for ACP (discussion: open, 0 comments) This study presents first ship-borne measurements of trace gases over the Bay of Bengal during summer monsoon. The observed variations in trace gases are shown to be due to dynamics/transport and en-route photochemistry. Analysis of meteorological and chemical fields shows that significantly lower ozone during rainfall is associated with the downdrafts. A regional model reproduces the observed variations and revealed the rapid transport of ozone across the Bay of Bengal during an event.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7367
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7375
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 52
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A comparative analysis of UV nadir-backscatter and infrared limb-emission ozone data assimilation (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: A comparative analysis of UV nadir-backscatter and infrared limb-emission ozone data assimilation Rossana Dragani Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 8539-8557, doi:10.5194/acp-16-8539-2016, 2016 We present an assessment of ultraviolet nadir-backscatter and infrared limb-emission ozone data assimilation. Understanding the differences in the impact produced by the assimilation of limb and nadir ozone data is relevant to many applications, including climate reanalysis and air quality. The results show the potential and limitations of each dataset and support the need for a more balanced long-term availability of both types of sensors than currently envisaged.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7367
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7375
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 53
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Why did the storm ex-Gaston (2010) fail to redevelop during the PREDICT experiment? (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Why did the storm ex-Gaston (2010) fail to redevelop during the PREDICT experiment? Thomas M. Freismuth, Blake Rutherford, Mark A. Boothe, and Michael T. Montgomery Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 8511-8519, doi:10.5194/acp-16-8511-2016, 2016 Numerical model analyses are used to investigate the role of dry, environmental air in the failed redevelopment of a tropical cyclone (ex-Gaston, 2010). As early as 12:00 UTC 2 September 2010, a dry layer at and above 600 hPa results in a decrease in the vertical mass flux and vertical, relative vorticity. The intrusion of dry air led to a reduction in vorticity and a compromised pouch at these middle levels. This study supports work looking at the role of dry air in moist convection.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7367
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7375
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 54
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Thermal infrared laser heterodyne spectro-radiometry for solar occultation atmospheric CO2 measurements (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Thermal infrared laser heterodyne spectro-radiometry for solar occultation atmospheric CO 2 measurements Alex Hoffmann, Neil A. Macleod, Marko Huebner, and Damien Weidmann Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., doi:10.5194/amt-2016-142,2016 Manuscript under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments) This paper focuses on the demonstration and assessment of thermal infrared laser heterodyne spectro-radiometry for the remote sensing of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). A research instrument has been developed and operated from the ground using direct sunlight to measure CO 2 to a high precision. This technology would enable the development of high-performance miniature ground-based sounders to complement existing measurement networks and contribute to the improvement of global carbon emission assessment.
    Print ISSN: 1867-1381
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8548
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 55
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A Polarimetric Scattering Database for Non-spherical Ice Particles at MicrowaveWavelengths (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: A Polarimetric Scattering Database for Non-spherical Ice Particles at MicrowaveWavelengths Yinghui Lu, Zhiyuan Jiang, Kultegin Aydin, Johannes Verlinde, Eugene E. Clothiaux, and Giovanni Botta Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., doi:10.5194/amt-2016-228,2016 Manuscript under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments) The database contains the complete(polarimatric) scattering information for different types of ice particles at different incident and scattered radiation directions at 4 microwave wavelengths. These results are useful for understanding the dependence of ice-particle scattering properties on ice-particle orientation with respect to the incident and scattered radiation. It is also useful in ice property retrievals, radar forward simulation.
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8610
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 56
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Chemical Characteristics of Marine Fine Aerosols over Sea and at Offshore Islands during Three Cruise Sampling Campaigns in the Taiwan Strait– Sea Salts and Anthropogenic Particles (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Chemical Characteristics of Marine Fine Aerosols over Sea and at Offshore Islands during Three Cruise Sampling Campaigns in the Taiwan Strait– Sea Salts and Anthropogenic Particles Tsung-Chang Li, Chung-Shin Yuan, Chung-Hsuang Hung, Hsun-Yu Lin, Hu-Ching Huang, and Chon-Lin Lee Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., doi:10.5194/acp-2016-384,2016 Manuscript under review for ACP (discussion: open, 0 comments) This manuscript is significant because it is important to establish data on the background physicochemical characteristics of atmospheric fine particles, as well as their spatial distributions and seasonal variations given various meteorological conditions, and the results of this study will be very much valuable for clarifying the transportation PM 2.5 over sea and at the offshore islands at the Taiwan Strait, which can further fill the the important blank for the global atmospheric research.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7367
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7375
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 57
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Classification of Primary Biological Aerosol using a new UV-LIF spectrometer (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Classification of Primary Biological Aerosol using a new UV-LIF spectrometer Simon Ruske, David O. Topping, Virginia E. Foot, Paul H. Kaye, Warren R. Stanley, Ian Crawford, Andrew P. Morse, and Martin W. Gallagher Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., doi:10.5194/amt-2016-214,2016 Manuscript under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments) Particles such as Bacteria, Pollen and Fungal spores have important implications within the environment and public health sectors. Here we evaluate the performance of various different methods for distinguishing between these different types of particles using a new instrument. We demonstrate that there may be better alternatives to the currently used methods which can be further investigated in future research.
    Print ISSN: 1867-1381
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8548
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 58
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Identification of the cloud base height over the central Himalayan region: Intercomparison of Ceilometer and Doppler Lidar (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Identification of the cloud base height over the central Himalayan region: Intercomparison of Ceilometer and Doppler Lidar K. K. Shukla, K. Niranjan Kumar, D. V. Phanikumar, R. K. Newsom, V. R. Kotamarthi, T. B. M. J. Ouarda, and M. V. Ratnam Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., doi:10.5194/amt-2016-162,2016 Manuscript under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments) Estimation of Cloud base height was carried out by using various ground based instruments (Doppler Lidar and Ceilometer) and satellite datasets (MODIS) over central Himalayan region for the first time. The present study demonstrates the potential of Doppler Lidar in precise estimation of cloud base height and updraft velocities. More such deployments will be invaluable inputs for regional weather prediction models over complex Himalayan terrains.
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8610
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 59
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    On the role of tropopause folds in summertime tropospheric ozone over the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: On the role of tropopause folds in summertime tropospheric ozone over the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East Dimitris Akritidis, Andrea Pozzer, Prodromos Zanis, Evangelos Tyrlis, Bojan Škerlak, Michael Sprenger, and Jos Lelieveld Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., doi:10.5194/acp-2016-547,2016 Manuscript under review for ACP (discussion: open, 0 comments) We investigate the contribution of tropopause folds in the summertime tropospheric ozone pool over the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East. For this purpose we use the EMAC atmospheric chemistry climate model and a fold identification algorithm. A clear increase of ozone is found in the middle troposphere due to fold activity. The interannual variability of near surface ozone over the eastern Mediterranean is related to that of both tropopause folds and ozone in the free troposphere.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7316
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7324
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 60
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Increased nitrate and decreased δ15N–NO3− in the Greenland Arctic after 1940 attributed to North American oil burning (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Increased nitrate and decreased δ 15 N–NO 3 − in the Greenland Arctic after 1940 attributed to North American oil burning Nathan J. Chellman, Meredith G. Hastings, and Joseph R. McConnell The Cryosphere Discuss., doi:10.5194/tc-2016-163,2016 Manuscript under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments) This manuscript analyzes the changing sources of nitrate deposition to Greenland since 1760 CE using a dataset consisting of sub-seasonally resolved nitrogen isotopes of nitrate and source tracers. Correlations amongst ion concentration, source tracers, and the δ 15 N–NO 3 − provide evidence of the impact of biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion emissions of nitrogen oxides and suggest that oil combustion is the likely driver of increased nitrate concentration in Greenland ice since 1940 CE.
    Print ISSN: 1994-0416
    Electronic ISSN: 1994-0424
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 61
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Inversion of geothermal heat flux in a thermomechanically coupled nonlinear Stokes ice sheet model (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Inversion of geothermal heat flux in a thermomechanically coupled nonlinear Stokes ice sheet model Hongyu Zhu, Noemi Petra, Georg Stadler, Tobin Isaac, Thomas J. R. Hughes, and Omar Ghattas The Cryosphere, 10, 1477-1494, doi:10.5194/tc-10-1477-2016, 2016 We study how well the basal geothermal heat flux can be inferred from surface velocity observations using a thermomechanically coupled nonlinear Stokes ice sheet model. The prospects and limitations of this inversion is studied in two and three dimensional model problems. We also argue that a one-way coupled approach for the adjoint equations motivated by staggered solvers for forward multiphysics problems can lead to an incorrect gradient and premature termination of the optimization iteration.
    Print ISSN: 1994-0432
    Electronic ISSN: 1994-0440
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 62
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Increased nitrate and decreased δ15N–NO3− in the Greenland Arctic after 1940 attributed to North American oil burning (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: Increased nitrate and decreased δ 15 N–NO 3 − in the Greenland Arctic after 1940 attributed to North American oil burning Nathan J. Chellman, Meredith G. Hastings, and Joseph R. McConnell The Cryosphere Discuss., doi:10.5194/tc-2016-163,2016 Manuscript under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments) This manuscript analyzes the changing sources of nitrate deposition to Greenland since 1760 CE using a dataset consisting of sub-seasonally resolved nitrogen isotopes of nitrate and source tracers. Correlations amongst ion concentration, source tracers, and the δ 15 N–NO 3 − provide evidence of the impact of biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion emissions of nitrogen oxides and suggest that oil combustion is the likely driver of increased nitrate concentration in Greenland ice since 1940 CE.
    Print ISSN: 1994-0432
    Electronic ISSN: 1994-0440
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 63
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Improving the inter-hemispheric gradient of total column atmospheric CO2 and CH4 in simulations with the ECMWF semi-Lagrangian atmospheric global model (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: Improving the inter-hemispheric gradient of total column atmospheric CO 2 and CH 4 in simulations with the ECMWF semi-Lagrangian atmospheric global model Anna Agusti-Panareda, Michail Diamantakis, Victor Bayona, Friedrich Klappenbach, and Andre Butz Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., doi:10.5194/gmd-2016-143,2016 Manuscript under review for GMD (discussion: open, 0 comments) This paper demonstrates how important mass fixers can be in the simulation of long-lived greenhouse gases using transport models based on the highly efficient semi-lagrangian advection scheme. Mass fixers can have a large impact on the representation of the inter-hemispheric gradient of CO 2 and CH 4 , a crucial feature of their distribution. This work is relevant for models simulating atmospheric composition that use semi-lagrangian advection schemes both for climate and air quality applications.
    Print ISSN: 1991-959X
    Electronic ISSN: 1991-9603
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 64
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    sUAS and their application in observing geomorphological processes (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: sUAS and their application in observing geomorphological processes Jozef Gallik and Lenka Bolešová Solid Earth, 7, 1033-1042, doi:10.5194/se-7-1033-2016, 2016 Technology is moving ahead very fast, and so researchers have new possibilities for their research. We tried to demonstrate benefits of using remote-sensing technology (Phantom 1 drone) such as its accuracy in the terrain, easy access to hardly accessible areas, and the possibility to collect data even during unfavourable weather conditions. The high mountainous environment provided us great conditions for testing the drone as a device for very easy and accurate mapping of natural phenomena.
    Print ISSN: 1869-9510
    Electronic ISSN: 1869-9529
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 65
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Response of seasonal soil freeze depth to climate change across China (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: Response of seasonal soil freeze depth to climate change across China Xiaoqing Peng, Oliver W. Frauenfeld, Tingjun Zhang, Kang Wang, Bin Cao, Xinyue Zhong, Hang Su, and Cuicui Mu The Cryosphere Discuss., doi:10.5194/tc-2016-129,2016 Manuscript under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments) Previous researches paid more attention on the permafrost, e.g. active layer thickness, soil temperature, permafrost area extent, and associated with permafrost degradation leading other changes. However, seasonally frozen ground, vast area extent, did not focus by so much attention. Here, we combined more than 800 observation station data and gridded data to investigate soil freeze depth across China. The results indicate that soil freeze depth increase with climate warming.
    Print ISSN: 1994-0416
    Electronic ISSN: 1994-0424
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 66
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Slight glacier reduction over the northwestern Tibetan Plateau despite significant recent warming (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: Slight glacier reduction over the northwestern Tibetan Plateau despite significant recent warming Yetang Wang, Shugui Hou, Wenling An, Hongxi Pang, and Yaping Liu The Cryosphere Discuss., doi:10.5194/tc-2016-165,2016 Manuscript under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments) This study further confirms "Pamir–Karakoram–Western-Kunlun-Mountain (northwestern Tibetan Plateau) Glacier Anomaly". Slight glacier reduction over the northwestern Tibetan Plateau may result from more accumulation from increased precipitation in winter which to great extent protects it from mass reductions under climate warming during 1961–2000. Warming slowdown since 2000 happening at this region may further mitigate glacier mass reduction.
    Print ISSN: 1994-0432
    Electronic ISSN: 1994-0440
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 67
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Response of seasonal soil freeze depth to climate change across China (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: Response of seasonal soil freeze depth to climate change across China Xiaoqing Peng, Oliver W. Frauenfeld, Tingjun Zhang, Kang Wang, Bin Cao, Xinyue Zhong, Hang Su, and Cuicui Mu The Cryosphere Discuss., doi:10.5194/tc-2016-129,2016 Manuscript under review for TC (discussion: open, 0 comments) Previous researches paid more attention on the permafrost, e.g. active layer thickness, soil temperature, permafrost area extent, and associated with permafrost degradation leading other changes. However, seasonally frozen ground, vast area extent, did not focus by so much attention. Here, we combined more than 800 observation station data and gridded data to investigate soil freeze depth across China. The results indicate that soil freeze depth increase with climate warming.
    Print ISSN: 1994-0432
    Electronic ISSN: 1994-0440
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 68
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Effect of tropical cyclones on the stratosphere–troposphere exchange observed using satellite observations over the north Indian Ocean (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: Effect of tropical cyclones on the stratosphere–troposphere exchange observed using satellite observations over the north Indian Ocean M. Venkat Ratnam, S. Ravindra Babu, S. S. Das, G. Basha, B. V. Krishnamurthy, and B. Venkateswararao Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 8581-8591, doi:10.5194/acp-16-8581-2016, 2016 The impact of cyclones that occurred over the north Indian Ocean during 2007–2013 on the STE process is quantified using satellite observations. It is shown that cyclones have a significant impact on the tropopause structure, ozone and water vapour budget, and consequentially STE in the UTLS region. The cross-tropopause mass flux from the stratosphere to the troposphere for cyclonic storms is found to be 0.05 ± 0.29 × 10 −3  kg m −2 , and for very severe cyclonic storms it is 0.5 ± 1.07 × 10 −3  kg m −2 .
    Print ISSN: 1680-7316
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7324
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 69
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Variation of CCN activity during new particle formation events in the North China Plain (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: Variation of CCN activity during new particle formation events in the North China Plain Nan Ma, Chunsheng Zhao, Jiangchuan Tao, Zhijun Wu, Simonas Kecorius, Zhibin Wang, Johannes Größ, Hongjian Liu, Yuxuan Bian, Ye Kuang, Monique Teich, Gerald Spindler, Konrad Müller, Dominik van Pinxteren, Hartmut Herrmann, Min Hu, and Alfred Wiedensohler Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 8593-8607, doi:10.5194/acp-16-8593-2016, 2016 New particle formation (NPF) is one of main sources of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the atmosphere. Based on in situ measurements, we found that CCN activity of newly formed particles largely differs in different NPF events. It is therefore difficult to find a simple parameterization of CCN activity for NPF events. Using a fixed size-resolved activation ratio curve or critical diameter is very likely to result in large biases up to 50 % in the calculated N CCN during NPF events.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7367
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7375
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 70
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Real time retrieval of volcanic cloud particles and SO2 by satellite using an improved simplified approach (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: Real time retrieval of volcanic cloud particles and SO 2 by satellite using an improved simplified approach Sergio Pugnaghi, Lorenzo Guerrieri, Stefano Corradini, and Luca Merucci Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 3053-3062, doi:10.5194/amt-9-3053-2016, 2016 Volcanic plume removal (VPR) is a procedure developed to retrieve the ash optical depth, effective radius and mass, and sulfur dioxide mass contained in a volcanic cloud from the thermal radiance at 8.7, 11, and 12 µm. It is based on an estimation of a virtual image representing what the sensor would have seen in a multispectral thermal image if the volcanic cloud were not present. Ash and sulfur dioxide were retrieved by the first version of the VPR using a very simple atmospheric model that ignored the layer above the volcanic cloud. This new version takes into account the layer of atmosphere above the cloud as well as thermal radiance scattering along the line of sight of the sensor. In addition to improved results, the new version also offers an easier and faster preliminary preparation and includes other types of volcanic particles (andesite, obsidian, pumice, ice crystals, and water droplets). As in the previous version, a set of parameters regarding the volcanic area, particle types, and sensor is required to run the procedure. However, in the new version, only the mean plume temperature is required as input data. In this work, a set of parameters to compute the volcanic cloud transmittance in the three quoted bands, for all the aforementioned particles, for both Mt. Etna (Italy) and Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) volcanoes, and for the Terra and Aqua MODIS instruments is presented. Three types of tests are carried out to verify the results of the improved VPR. The first uses all the radiative transfer simulations performed to estimate the above mentioned parameters. The second one makes use of two synthetic images, one for Mt. Etna and one for Eyjafjallajökull volcanoes. The third one compares VPR and Look-Up Table (LUT) retrievals analyzing the true image of Eyjafjallajökull volcano acquired by MODIS aboard the Aqua satellite on 11 May 2010 at 14:05 GMT.
    Print ISSN: 1867-1381
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8548
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 71
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Temperature-dependence of aerosol optical depth over the southeastern US (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: Temperature-dependence of aerosol optical depth over the southeastern US Tero Mielonen, Anca Hienola, Thomas Kühn, Joonas Merikanto, Antti Lipponen, Tommi Bergman, Hannele Korhonen, Pekka Kolmonen, Larisa Sogacheva, Darren Ghent, Antti Arola, Gerrit de Leeuw, and Harri Kokkola Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., doi:10.5194/acp-2016-625,2016 Manuscript under review for ACP (discussion: open, 0 comments) We studied the temperature dependence of AOD and its radiative effects over the southeastern US. We used spaceborne observations of AOD, LST and tropospheric NO 2 with simulations of ECHAM-HAMMOZ. The level of AOD in this region is governed by anthropogenic emissions but the temperature dependency is most likely caused by BVOC emissions. According to the observations and simulations, the regional clear-sky DRE for biogenic aerosols is −0.43 ± 0.88 W/m 2 /K and −0.86 ± 0.06 W/m 2 /K, respectively.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7367
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7375
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 72
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Stratospheric Air Sub-sampler (SAS) and its application to analysis of Δ17O(CO2) from small air samples collected with an AirCore (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: Stratospheric Air Sub-sampler (SAS) and its application to analysis of Δ 17 O(CO 2 ) from small air samples collected with an AirCore Dorota Janina Mrozek, Carina van der Veen, Magdalena E. G. Hofmann, Huilin Chen, Rigel Kivi, Pauli Heikkinen, and Thomas Röckmann Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., doi:10.5194/amt-2016-124,2016 Manuscript under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments) Stratospheric Air Sub-sampler (SAS) is a device to collect and to store the stratospheric profile of air collected with an AirCore (Karion et al, 2010) in numerous sub-samples. The sub-samples (each of 25 mL at ambient temperature and pressure) can be later introduced to the continuous flow systems to measure for example the isotopic composition of CO 2 . The performance of the coupled system is demonstrated for a set of air samples from an AirCore flight in November 2014 near Sodankylä, Finland.
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8610
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 73
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Real time retrieval of volcanic cloud particles and SO2 by satellite using an improved simplified approach (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: Real time retrieval of volcanic cloud particles and SO 2 by satellite using an improved simplified approach Sergio Pugnaghi, Lorenzo Guerrieri, Stefano Corradini, and Luca Merucci Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 3053-3062, doi:10.5194/amt-9-3053-2016, 2016 Volcanic plume removal (VPR) is a procedure developed to retrieve the ash optical depth, effective radius and mass, and sulfur dioxide mass contained in a volcanic cloud from the thermal radiance at 8.7, 11, and 12 µm. It is based on an estimation of a virtual image representing what the sensor would have seen in a multispectral thermal image if the volcanic cloud were not present. Ash and sulfur dioxide were retrieved by the first version of the VPR using a very simple atmospheric model that ignored the layer above the volcanic cloud. This new version takes into account the layer of atmosphere above the cloud as well as thermal radiance scattering along the line of sight of the sensor. In addition to improved results, the new version also offers an easier and faster preliminary preparation and includes other types of volcanic particles (andesite, obsidian, pumice, ice crystals, and water droplets). As in the previous version, a set of parameters regarding the volcanic area, particle types, and sensor is required to run the procedure. However, in the new version, only the mean plume temperature is required as input data. In this work, a set of parameters to compute the volcanic cloud transmittance in the three quoted bands, for all the aforementioned particles, for both Mt. Etna (Italy) and Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) volcanoes, and for the Terra and Aqua MODIS instruments is presented. Three types of tests are carried out to verify the results of the improved VPR. The first uses all the radiative transfer simulations performed to estimate the above mentioned parameters. The second one makes use of two synthetic images, one for Mt. Etna and one for Eyjafjallajökull volcanoes. The third one compares VPR and Look-Up Table (LUT) retrievals analyzing the true image of Eyjafjallajökull volcano acquired by MODIS aboard the Aqua satellite on 11 May 2010 at 14:05 GMT.
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8610
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 74
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Evaluation of IWV from the numerical weather prediction WRF model with PPP GNSS processing for Bulgaria (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: Evaluation of IWV from the numerical weather prediction WRF model with PPP GNSS processing for Bulgaria Tzvetan Simeonov, Dmitry Sidorov, Felix Norman Teferle, Georgi Milev, and Guergana Guerova Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., doi:10.5194/amt-2016-152,2016 Manuscript under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments) Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) meteorology is an established operational service providing hourly updated GNSS tropospheric products to the National Meteorologic Services (NMS) in Europe. In the last decade through the ground-based GNSS network densification and new processing strategies like Precise Point Positioning (PPP) it has become possible to obtain sub-hourly tropospheric products for monitoring severe weather events. In this work one year (January–December 2013) of sub-hourly GNSS tropospheric products (Zenith Total Delay) are computed using the PPP strategy for seven stations in Bulgaria. In order to take advantage of the sub-hourly GNSS data to derive Integrated Water Vapour (IWV) surface pressure and temperature with similar temporal resolution is required. As the surface observations are on 3 hourly basis the first step is to compare the surface pressure and temperature from numerical weather prediction model Weather Forecasting and Research (WRF) with observations at three synoptic stations in Bulgaria. The mean difference between the two data-sets for 1) surface pressure is less than 0.5 hPa and the correlation is over 0.989, 2) temperature the largest mean difference is 1.1 °C and the correlation coefficient is over 0.957 and 3) IWV mean difference is in range 0.1–1.1 mm. The evaluation of WRF on annual bases shows IWV underestimation between 0.5 and 1.5 mm at five stations and overestimation at Varna and Rozhen. Varna and Rozhen have also much smaller correlation 0.9 and 0.76. The study of the monthly IWV variation shows that at those locations the GNSS IWV has unexpected drop in April and March respectively. The reason for this drop is likely problems with station raw data. At the remaining 5 stations a very good agreement between GNSS and WRF is observed with high correlation during the cold part of 2013 i.e. March, October and December (0.95) and low correlation during the warm part of 2013 i.e. April to August (below 0.9). The diurnal cycle of the WRF model shows a dry bias in the range of 0.5-1.5 mm. Between 00 and 01 UTC the GNSS IWV tends to be underestimate IWV which is likely due to the processing window used. The precipitation efficiency from GNSS and WRF show very good agreement on monthly bases with a maximum in May-June and minimum in August–September. The annual precipitation efficiency in 2013 at Lovech and Burgas is about 6 %.
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8610
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 75
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Contrasting radiation and soil heat fluxes in Arctic shrub and wet sedge tundra (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: Contrasting radiation and soil heat fluxes in Arctic shrub and wet sedge tundra Inge Juszak, Werner Eugster, Monique M. P. D. Heijmans, and Gabriela Schaepman-Strub Biogeosciences, 13, 4049-4064, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.860561, 2016 Changes in Arctic vegetation composition and structure feed back to climate and permafrost. Using field observations at a Siberian tundra site, we find that dwarf shrubs absorb more solar radiation than wet sedges and thus amplify surface warming, especially during snow melt. On the other hand, permafrost thaw was enhanced below sedges as a consequence of high soil moisture. Standing dead sedge leaves affected the radiation budget strongly and deserve more scientific attention.
    Print ISSN: 1810-6277
    Electronic ISSN: 1810-6285
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 76
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Holocene hydrological changes in the Rhône River (NW Mediterranean) as recorded in the marine mud belt (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: Holocene hydrological changes in the Rhône River (NW Mediterranean) as recorded in the marine mud belt Maria-Angela Bassetti, Serge Berné, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Bernard Dennielou, Yoann Alonso, Roselyne Buscail, Bassem Jalali, Bertil Hebert, and Christophe Menniti Clim. Past, 12, 1539-1553, doi:10.5194/cp-12-1539-2016, 2016 This work represents the first attempt to decipher the linkages between rapid climate changes and continental Holocene paleohydrology in the NW Mediterranean shallow marine setting. Between 11 and 4 ka cal BP, terrigenous input increased and reached a maximum at 7 ka cal BP, probably as a result of a humid phase. From ca. 4 ka cal BP to the present, enhanced variability in the land-derived material is possibly due to large-scale atmospheric circulation and rainfall patterns in western Europe.
    Print ISSN: 1814-9324
    Electronic ISSN: 1814-9332
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 77
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Effects of Multiple Doppler Radar data assimilation on the numerical simulation of a Flash Flood Event during the HyMeX campaign (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: Effects of Multiple Doppler Radar data assimilation on the numerical simulation of a Flash Flood Event during the HyMeX campaign Ida Maiello, Sabrina Gentile, Rossella Ferretti, Luca Baldini, Nicoletta Roberto, Errico Picciotti, Pier Paolo Alberoni, and Frank S. Marzano Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., doi:10.5194/hess-2016-320,2016 Manuscript under review for HESS (discussion: open, 0 comments) An analysis to evaluate the impact of assimilating multiple radar data with a three dimensional variational (3D-Var) system on a heavy precipitation event is presented. The main goal is to establish a general methodology to quantitatively assess the performance of flash-flood numerical weather prediction at mesoscale. In this respect, during the first Special Observation Period (SOP1) of HyMeX (Hydrological cycle in the Mediterranean Experiment) campaign several Intensive Observing Periods (IOPs) were launched and nine occurred in Italy. Among them IOP4 is chosen for this study because of its low predictability. This event hit central Italy on 14 September 2012 producing heavy precipitation and causing several damages. Data taken from three C-band radars running operationally during the event are assimilated to improve high resolution initial conditions. In order to evaluate the impact of the assimilation procedure at different horizontal resolution and to assess the impact of assimilating multiple radars data, several experiments using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model are performed. Finally, the statistical indexes as accuracy, equitable threat score, false alarm ratio and frequency bias are used to objectively compare the experiments, using rain gauges data as benchmark.
    Print ISSN: 1027-5606
    Electronic ISSN: 1607-7938
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 78
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Model-based study of the role of rainfall and land use–land cover in the changes in the occurrence and intensity of Niger red floods in Niamey between 1953 and 2012 (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: Model-based study of the role of rainfall and land use–land cover in the changes in the occurrence and intensity of Niger red floods in Niamey between 1953 and 2012 Claire Casse, Marielle Gosset, Théo Vischel, Guillaume Quantin, and Bachir Alkali Tanimoun Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2841-2859, doi:10.5194/hess-20-2841-2016, 2016 Since 1950, the Niger River basin has overcome drastic changes. In Niamey city, the highest river levels and the longest flooded period ever recorded occurred in 2003, 2010, 2012 and 2013, with heavy casualties and property damage. The reasons for these changes, and the relative role of climate versus Land Use Land Cover changes are still debated and are investigated in this paper using observations and modelling. We conclude on the successive role of cover and then rainfall variability.
    Print ISSN: 1812-2108
    Electronic ISSN: 1812-2116
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 79
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Upscaling instantaneous to daily evapotranspiration using modelled daily shortwave radiation for remote sensing applications: an Artificial Neural Network approach (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: Upscaling instantaneous to daily evapotranspiration using modelled daily shortwave radiation for remote sensing applications: an Artificial Neural Network approach Loise Wandera, Kaninska Mallick, Gerard Kiely, Olivier Roupsard, Matthias Peichl, and Vicenzo Magliulo Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., doi:10.5194/hess-2016-344,2016 Manuscript under review for HESS (discussion: open, 0 comments) Upscaling instantaneous to daily evapotranspiration (ET i to ET d ) is one of the central challenge in regional vegetation water use mapping using polar orbiting satellites. Here we developed a robust ET i upscaling for global studies using the ratio between daily and instantaneous global radiation (R Sd /R Si ). Using data from 126 FLUXNET tower sites this study demonstrated R Sd /R si ratio to be the most robust factor explaining ET d /ET i variability across variable sky conditions and multiple biomes.
    Print ISSN: 1812-2108
    Electronic ISSN: 1812-2116
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 80
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    4-D imaging of sub-second dynamics in pore-scale processes using real-time synchrotron X-ray tomography (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: 4-D imaging of sub-second dynamics in pore-scale processes using real-time synchrotron X-ray tomography Katherine J. Dobson, Sophia B. Coban, Samuel A. McDonald, Joanna N. Walsh, Robert C. Atwood, and Philip J. Withers Solid Earth, 7, 1059-1073, doi:10.5194/se-7-1059-2016, 2016 State-of-the-art synchrotron x-ray imaging was used to observe micron scale transport processes in real time. The 20 Hz 3-D image acquisition rates give experimental data free from motion artefacts, and suitable for detailed quantitative analysis of the dynamic fluid distribution, flow pathways and processes. The method marks a major breakthrough in our ability to capture both sub-second and lower frequency non-equilibrium process in many geological or engineering systems.
    Electronic ISSN: 1869-9537
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 81
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Alpine tectonic wedging and crustal delamination in the Cantabrian Mountains (NW Spain) (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: Alpine tectonic wedging and crustal delamination in the Cantabrian Mountains (NW Spain) Jorge Gallastegui, Javier A. Pulgar, and Josep Gallart Solid Earth, 7, 1043-1057, doi:10.5194/se-7-1043-2016, 2016 We present the interpretation of deep seismic reflection profile ESCIN-2 across the boundary between the Cantabrian Mountains and the Cenozoic Duero Basin (NW Spain). 2-D seismic modelling allowed us to construct a N-S geological cross section which is compatible with the rest of the geophysical data. This profile shows the importance of the N-S Alpine deformation. A wedge of Cantabrian margin crust indented southwards into the delaminated Iberian crust, forcing its northward subduction.
    Print ISSN: 1869-9510
    Electronic ISSN: 1869-9529
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of The European Geosciences Union (EGU).
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 82
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Institutional Listings (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Print ISSN: 0018-9464
    Electronic ISSN: 1941-0069
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) on behalf of The IEEE Magnetics Society.
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 83
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Technical areas and editors: AESS IEEE Aerospace & Electronic Systems Society (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Print ISSN: 0018-9251
    Electronic ISSN: 1557-9603
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 84
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Print ISSN: 0018-9294
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-2531
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) on behalf of The IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 85
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A Continuous Hand Gestures Recognition Technique for Human-Machine Interaction Using Accelerometer and Gyroscope Sensors (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: Recent advances in smart devices have sustained them as a better alternative for the design of human–machine interaction (HMI), because they are equipped with accelerometer sensor, gyroscope sensor, and an advanced operating system. This paper presents a continuous hand gestures recognition technique that is capable of continuous recognition of hand gestures using three-axis accelerometer and gyroscope sensors in a smart device. To reduce the influence of unstableness of a hand making the gesture and compress the data, a gesture coding algorithm is developed. An automatic gesture spotting algorithm is developed to detect the start and end points of meaningful gesture segments. Finally, a gesture is recognized by comparing the gesture code with gesture database using dynamic time warping algorithm. In addition, a prototype system is developed to recognize the continuous hand gestures-based HMI. With the smartphone, the user is able to perform the predefined gestures and control smart appliances using the Samsung AllShare protocol.
    Print ISSN: 1530-437X
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-1748
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) on behalf of The IEEE Sensors Council.
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 86
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Fast Lithographic Mask Optimization Considering Process Variation (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: As nanometer technology advances, conventional optical proximity correction (OPC) that minimizes the edge placement error (EPE) at the nominal process condition alone often leads to poor process windows. To improve the mask printability across various process corners, process-window OPC optimizes EPE for multiple process corners, but often suffers long runtime, due to repeated lithographic simulations. This paper presents an efficient process variation (PV)-aware mask optimization framework, namely PVOPC, to simultaneously minimize EPE and PV band with fast convergence. The PVOPC framework includes EPE-sensitivity-driven dynamic fragmentation, PV-aware EPE modeling, and correction with three new EPE-converging techniques and a systematic subresolution-assisted feature insertion algorithm. Experimental results show that our approach efficiently achieves high-quality EPE and PV band results.
    Print ISSN: 0278-0070
    Electronic ISSN: 1937-4151
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 87
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Introducing IEEE Collabratec (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: Advertisement, IEEE.
    Print ISSN: 0278-0070
    Electronic ISSN: 1937-4151
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 88
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Design and Management of Sustainable and Resilient Supply Chains (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9391
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-0040
    Topics: Technology
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 89
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Efficient Production Binning Using Octree Tessellation in the Alternate Measurements Space (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: Binning after volume production is a widely accepted technique to classify fabricated integrated circuits (ICs) into different clusters depending on different degrees of specification compliance. This allows the manufacturer to sell nonoptimal devices at lower rates, so adapting to customer’s quality-price requirements. The binning procedure can be carried out by measuring every single circuit performances, but this approach is costly and time-consuming. On the contrary, if alternate measurements are used to characterize the bins, the procedure is considerably enhanced. In such a case, the specification bin boundaries become arbitrary shape regions due to the highly nonlinear mappings between the specifications space and the alternate measurements space. The binning strategy proposed in this paper functions with the same efficiency regardless of these shapes. The digital encoding of the bins in the alternate measurements space using octrees is the key idea of the proposal. The strategy has two phases: 1) the training phase and 2) the binning phase. In the training phase, the specification bins are encoded using octrees. This first phase requires sufficient samples of each class to generate the octree under realistic variations, but it only needs to be performed once. The binning phase corresponds to the actual production binning of the fabricated ICs. This is achieved by evaluating the alternate measurements in the previously generated octree. The binning phase is fast due to the inherent sparsity of the octree data structure. In order to illustrate the proposal, the method has been applied to a band-pass Butterworth filter considering three specification bins as a proof of concept. Successful simulation results are reported showing considerable advantages as compared to a support vector machine (SVM)-based classifier. Similar bin misclassifications are obtained with both methods, 1.68% using octrees and 1.83% using SVM, while binning time is $5times $ times faster using octrees than using the SVM-based classifier.
    Print ISSN: 0278-0070
    Electronic ISSN: 1937-4151
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 90
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Forthcoming Engineering Management Related Conferences (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: Presents information on forthcoming Engineering Management society conferences.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9391
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-0040
    Topics: Technology
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 91
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Society (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: Provides a listing of the editors, board members, and current staff for this issue of the publication.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9391
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-0040
    Topics: Technology
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 92
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Dynamic Magnetomechanical Behavior of Tb x Dy 1– x Fe y Alloy Under Small-Signal AC Drive Fields Superposed With Various Bias Fields (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: The small-signal vibration model of Tb x Dy 1– x Fe y plate was developed by mechanical-electrical analogy method. Based on the model, we demonstrated the reasonableness of measuring the small-signal magnetomechanical behaviors by a laser Doppler vibrometer. The strain coefficient of the Tb x Dy 1– x Fe y plates was measured as a function of frequency and bias field ( $H_{mathrm{ dc}})$ , and Young’s modulus, mechanical quality factor ( $Q_{m})$ , relative permeability, and magnetomechanical coupling coefficient were investigated as a function of $H_{mathrm{ dc}}$ . Many novel characteristics were observed under the drive of a small-signal field (7.96 A/m). The change tendency of the strain coefficient at resonance differs from that at low frequency, and the resonant strain coefficients are significantly high (>85 nm/A) in a wide range of bias field from 4.78 to 55.72 kA/m. Both the negative- $Delta E$ and positive- $Delta E$ effects are observed, and the negative- $Delta E$ effect in the low field range is also remarkable. In particular, $Q_{m}$ sharply decreases from the initial value of 104 to a minimum value of 11.4 and, then, increases slowly, and the ratio of the maximum variation of $Q_{m}$ over $H_{mathrm{ dc}}$ to the minimum value of $Q_{m}$ exceeds $sim 812.3$ %. This is an important systematic investigation on the small-signal dynamic magnetomechanical behavior of Tb x Dy 1– x Fe y , and the results are highly beneficial to the designing of magnetostrictive devices.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9464
    Electronic ISSN: 1941-0069
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) on behalf of The IEEE Magnetics Society.
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 93
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Simulations of Particle Trajectories in Hard Disk Drives Considering the Trapping Criterion (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: The presence of particles, which can intrude into the air bearing, is one of the most common factors in the failure of hard disk drives (HDDs). Previous studies have investigated particles trajectories with the assumption of ideal trapping or reflecting boundary conditions in air-filled drives. However, only the colliding particle with insufficient energy to escape the potential well will be trapped by the surface. In this paper, considering the particle-surface energy during the collision, the trapping criterion of the incident normal critical velocity ( $V_{text {ni}}^{mathrm {ast }})$ for Al 2 O 3 particles is developed as the boundary conditions for different colliding surfaces inside a 2.5 in drive. Then, trapping status for Al 2 O 3 particles and particles trajectories inside the drive are simulated by using the commercial computational fluid dynamics solver FLUENT with user-defined functions. The results reveal that the particles will travel longer distances until trapped by HDD components when considering the trapping criterion. In addition, smaller particles will more likely degrade the head–disk interface reliability, since they easily stick on the disk surface.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9464
    Electronic ISSN: 1941-0069
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) on behalf of The IEEE Magnetics Society.
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 94
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    High-Speed, Low-Power, and Error-Free Asynchronous Write Circuit for STT-MRAM and Logic (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: Benefiting from its simple switching scheme (only a bidirectional current source), high-speed and low-power spin-transfer torque (STT) has been regarded as one of the most promising switching mechanisms for a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ)-based non-volatile memory and logic circuits. However, it suffers from a number of reliability issues like write error induced by its intrinsic stochasticity, process variation, and so on. In order to reduce the write error rate, the mainstream solution is to enlarge the write pulse duration at the expense of write energy dissipation. Some self-terminated write circuits have been proposed to avoid the wasted write energy. But the hardware cost of these write circuits is especially large. In this paper, a novel cost-efficient self-terminated write circuit is proposed using two simple built-in sensing circuits. The proposed write circuit is simulated with a physics-based STT-MTJ compact model and a commercial CMOS 40 nm design kit. The simulation result shows about 35% reduction of circuit area and 10% lower energy consumption in comparison with that in prior work. In addition, the Error-Free write operation under process variation of both the CMOS transistor and the STT-MTJ is achieved due to its large sense margin ( $sim 320$ mV).
    Print ISSN: 0018-9464
    Electronic ISSN: 1941-0069
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) on behalf of The IEEE Magnetics Society.
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 95
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Society (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: Provides a listing of board members, committee members, editors, and society officers.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9391
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-0040
    Topics: Technology
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 96
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A Tunable Majority Gate-Based Full Adder Using Current-Induced Domain Wall Nanomagnets (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: Domain wall nanomagnet (DWNM)-based devices have been extensively studied as a promising alternative to the conventional CMOS technology in both the memory and logic implementations due to their non-volatility, near-zero standby power, and high integration density characteristics. In this paper, we leverage a physics-based model of a DWNM device to design a highly scalable current-mode majority gate to achieve a novel one bit full-adder (FA) circuit. The modeled DWNM specifications are calibrated with the experimentally measured data. The functionality of the proposed DWNM-based FA (DWNM-FA) is verified using a SPICE circuit simulator. The detailed analysis and the calculations have been performed to realize the proposed DWNM-FA delay and power consumption corresponding to the various induced input currents at different operating temperatures. The power-delay product of DWNM-FA is examined to tune the operation within the optimum induced input current region to obtain desired power-delay requirements over a range of 200 $mu text{A}$ to 1 mA at temperatures from 298 to 378 K. Finally, the comparison results exhibit 52% and 49% area improvement as well as 41% and 31% improvement in device count complexity over CMOS-based and magnetic tunnel junction-based FA designs, respectively.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9464
    Electronic ISSN: 1941-0069
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) on behalf of The IEEE Magnetics Society.
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 97
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Magnetic Transitions in Chemically Synthesized Nanoparticles of CoCr 2 O 4 (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: Bulk CoCr 2 O 4 undergoes a transition from paramagnetic to long-range ferrimagnetic phase at $T_{c}$ (94 K) to a long-range and/or short-range spiral order at $T_{s}$ ( $sim 24$ K), and finally shows a lock-in-transition below 15 K. The spiral component induces an electric polarization and also a spontaneous magnetization for which it is said to be multiferroic. Reducing the size of a CoCr 2 O 4 multiferroic material to $sim 50$ nm by a coprecipitation method, we obtain a pure cubic phase with space group, Fd3m and lattice parameter (8.334 ± 0.003 °A). A rich sequence of magnetic transitions are examined by measuring temperature and field-dependent magnetization and diffused neutron scattering (DNS) using polarized neutron at different temperatures. While paramagnetic to ferrimagnetic transition is enhanced from 97 K in bulk to 99 K at 0.5 kOe field, followed by a decrease in lock-in-transition ( $T_{L}$ ) from 15 K in bulk to 8 K, spiral ordering temperature does not show a significant change. A strong disagreement between paramagnetic moment obtained from the fitting of $chi ^{-1}=({T}/{C})+({1}/{chi _{o}})-({b}/{T-theta })$ and ferrimagnetic moment obtained from the $M$ versus $H$ loop taken at 2 K, nonsaturated magnetization at 50–100 kOe field, two order of magnitude higher coercivity ( $H_{c}$ ), and splitting of ac susceptibly confirm the core–shell structure of the particles. Furthermore, a magnetic scattering analysis clearly shows that while the paramagnetic to ferrimagnetic transition is continuous, the spiral ordering is sharp, short range, and commensurate in contrast to incommensurate spiral order observed single crystal of CoCr 2 O 4 .
    Print ISSN: 0018-9464
    Electronic ISSN: 1941-0069
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) on behalf of The IEEE Magnetics Society.
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 98
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Energy-Preserving Methods and Torque Computation From Energy Balance in Electrical Machine Simulations (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: The finite-element analysis for the simulation of magnetic fields in electrical machines leads to an index-1 differential-algebraic equation (DAE) (as opposed to a conventional ordinary differential equation), because the electrical conductivity can be zero in certain regions. First, we construct a DAE-compatible time integration scheme which is energy-balanced, meaning that in a linear system, the input stored and lost powers sum exactly to zero. Second, we use a method based on the energy balance to compute torque. We show that the energy balance method approaches the virtual work principle applied at remeshing layer, as the time step is refined. A similar result also holds if the rotation of the rotor is implemented by Nitsche’s method, which is an instance of the so-called mortar methods.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9464
    Electronic ISSN: 1941-0069
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) on behalf of The IEEE Magnetics Society.
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 99
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Application of Magneto-Quasi-Static Approximation in the Finite Difference Time Domain Method (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: Investigations about induction sensors, electromagnetic launchers, shields, transformers, and power line-induced currents address increased number of low-frequency research and industrial applications. In general, a magneto-quasi-static (MQS) approximation is considered for the solutions of low-frequency problems in electromagnetics. This approximation leads to a diffusion process when displacement currents are neglected. However, keeping the displacement currents, Maxwell’s equations are valid at low frequencies. In this manner, the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method must be modified by the slowing down propagation velocity at low-frequency regime. In this paper, important and crucial points of the MQS approximation and its application in the FDTD method are clarified in the sense of analytical and numerical aspects. A material scaling technique of dielectric permittivity for the QS FDTD application is analyzed within comprehensive investigations. Furthermore, a criterion for choosing a proper value of scaling parameter will be revealed. Finally, effects of proper and improper values of the scaling parameter are presented with validated analytical and numerical results.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9464
    Electronic ISSN: 1941-0069
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) on behalf of The IEEE Magnetics Society.
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 100
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Electrode Design for Antiparallel Magnetization Alignment in Nanogap Devices (2016)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: The ability to manipulate the relative magnetization alignment between ferromagnetic source and drain electrodes attached to a molecule or small quantum dot is a prerequisite for a number of spintronic device applications. The influence of electrode shape and field orientation on pairwise magnetization reversal mechanisms in nanogap and point-contact structures is investigated here using micromagnetic simulations. A favorable device geometry and setup are identified for enabling planar, monodomain source and drain electrodes with a magnetization alignment that may be controllably switched between a parallel and antiparallel configuration.
    Print ISSN: 0018-9464
    Electronic ISSN: 1941-0069
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) on behalf of The IEEE Magnetics Society.
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...