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  • Articles  (15)
  • Insects  (15)
  • Springer  (15)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974  (15)
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  • 1971  (15)
  • 1951
  • Medicine  (15)
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  • Articles  (15)
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  • Springer  (15)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Elsevier
  • Springer Nature
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  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974  (15)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1950-1954
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 113 (1971), S. 13-28 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Sensory receptors ; Insects ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The antennae of Scolytus multistriatus were examined with light and scanning and transmitting-electron microscopy to determine the distributions, types and structures of sense organs. Four types of sensilla were found: (1) sensilla chaetica, a singly-innervated receptor; (2) sensilla basiconica, Type A, a short, thin-walled, multiple-innervated receptor; (3) sensilla basiconica, Type B, a long, thin-walled multiple-innervated receptor; and (4) sensilla trichodea, short, thick-walled, multiple-innervated receptors. The positioning of dendrite(s) with regard to pore tubules is elaborated. Evidence for lack of sensory axon fusion is presented.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 112 (1971), S. 97-119 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Insects ; Epicuticle secretion ; Golgi system ; Lysosomes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les modifications cytologiques des cellules épidermiques sécrétant la cuticule sternale et pleurale de l'adulte deT. molitor sont étudiées pendant la formation et l'évolution de l'épicuticule externe et interne. L'épicuticule externe et interne sont sécrétées de la même façon par condensation de matériel diffus au-dessus de l'apex des microvillosités. Un cycle hétérolytique est mis en évidence par l'emploi de peroxydase injectée dans l'espace exuvial: la peroxydase est captée par de grosses vésicules revêtues et incorporée dans des corps multivésiculaires apicaux. Par comptage des différentes populations de vésicules, des variations nettes dans l'intensité de la pinocytose sont mises en évidence. Ces variations semblent en rapport non pas avec la digestion de l'ancienne cuticule mais avec les différences de nature et de structure des composants cuticulaires. L'hypothèse du contrôle de la sécrétion épidermique par les phénomènes de pinocytose énoncée par Locke (1969) est confirmée. Des vésicules d'origine golgiennes sont secrétées surtout après la formation de l'épicuticule et ne sont donc pas à l'origine du matériel épicuticulaire, mais il est possible qu'elles jouent un rôle dans l'évolution ultérieure des structures épicuticulaires.
    Notes: Summary The cytological modifications of the epidermal cells secreting sternal and pleural cuticle of adultTenebrio are studied, specially during the formation and evolution of the outer and inner epicuticle. Both layers are secreted by condensation of diffuse material just above the epidermal microvilli. There is no peculiar phase without microvilli when inner epicuticle is formed. During the secretion of pre-ecdysial cuticle, the epidermal cell is characterized by an heterolytic process which is demonstrated by peroxidase injection into the ecdysial space: horseradish peroxidase is absorbed by large pinocytic coated vesicles which discharge their content into multivesicular bodies, after the loss of their coat. The intensity of pinocytosis is studied by vesicles counts at different stages of the pupal life. These counts show a pinocytic peak when the inner epicuticle is formed. When the epicuticular barrier is completely secreted, exogenous peroxidase is no more absorbed, but morphological study and counts show that pinocytosis still occurs. This demonstrates that epidermis cannot absorb macromolecules arising from the digested old cuticle since digestion occurs after the completion of adult epicuticle. Locke's hypothesis about the “control of the extracellular subcuticular environment” by pinocytosis is confirmed. The Golgi complexes are involved in lytic process with their small coated vesicles and in secretion of cuticular material with their large dense secretory vesicles, but according to vesicle counts, the secretory vesicles are not concerned in epicuticle formation since their apparition is posterior to the deposition of the inner epicuticle.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 114 (1971), S. 61-72 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Corpora cardiaca ; Neurosecretion ; Insects ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les corpora cardiaca de l'adulte de Locusta migratoria sont formés de deux régions bien individualisées ce qui nous a permis de reconnaître la sécrétion propre des différents types de neurosécrétion. Dans la région nerveuse, nous distinguons par la taille des grains trois types de neurosécrétion dense classique et un quatrième type d'aspect clair. Dans la région »propre« non nerveuse, les cellules ont des caractères nettement endocriniens et sont mélangées à un seul type d'axones neurosécréteurs.
    Notes: Summary The corpora cardiaca of adult Locusta migratoria consist of two well separated areas, a fact which permits the differentiation between intrinsic and extrinsic neurosecretory material. In the neural area three types of electron dense “classical” neurosecretory granules, and a fourth more lucent type can be distinguished according to size. In the non-neural “glandular” area typical endocrine cells mingle with only one type of neurosecretory axons.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 118 (1971), S. 333-368 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Malpighian tubule ; Insects ; Carausius ; Microscopy, electron ; Biological transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Structural features of the principal, urine-secreting cells (type 1 cells) of the Malpighian tubules of Carausius are de scribedquantitatively and discussed in relation to possible mechanisms of water and solute transport. Mitochondria are arranged in two bands of about equal volume near to the basal and apical surfaces, suggesting active processes occur at both surfaces. Basal infoldings and apical microvilli which greatly amplify the cell surface are probably primarily devices to increase the passive permeability of the tissue to solutes. They do not provide functionally significant standing-osmotic-gradients. The extensive endoplasmic reticulum is locally differentiated into several components and ramifies between the infoldings and along microvilli but probably is not an intracellular conduit for the majority of urinary constituents. Vesicles and stages in their formation or liberation are observed both basally and apically although they probably do not contribute significantly to transcellular transport. At present it remains a problem to satisfactorily account for observations that the urine of Carausius can be hypotonic.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Chordotonal organ ; Insects ; Head appendages ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les organes chordotonaux présents dans les différentes pièces céphaliques de la larve du Speophyes peuvent être classés en deux catégories. La première catégorie regroupe les récepteurs scolopidiaux de l'antenne, du labium et du palpe maxillaire. On peut les comparer au scolopidium de l'organe tympanique du Criquet décrit par Gray (1960). La deuxième catégorie comprend les récepteurs scolopidiaux de la mandibule et de la lacinia: ils sont du amphinématique. Le sensille scolopidial de la galea représente un type intermédiaire. Nous signalons l'importance des structures de soutien et de fixation, qui doivent permettre une bonne transmission de toutes les déformations et tensions subies par le tégument. Nous discutons du rôle joué par la ≪gap junction≫ qui unit les deux dendrites dans les scolopidium. de la deuxième catégorie. Enfin nous essayons d'établir des hypothèses sur le fonctionnement des scolopidium.
    Notes: Summary The chordotonal organs located in the various head appendages of the Speophyes larva, can be divided into two classes. The scolopidial receptors of the antenna, the labium and the palpus maxillae belong to the first class. They can be compared to the scolopidium of the locust tympanic organ described by Gray.—The second class contains the scolopidial receptors of the mandible and the lacinia: their type is amphinematic. The scolopidial sensilla of the galea represents an intermediate type. We demonstrate many supporting and fixation structures which probably allow a good transmission of all the deformations and strains affecting the tegument. The function of the gap junction which connects the two dendrites in the scolopidia of the second class is discussed. Finally we try to formulate hypothesis of the functioning of scolopidia.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Symbiotes ; Hereditary ; Insects ; Types ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'examen au microscope électronique des symbiontes transmis par l'œuf chez les Homoptères, montre des types très divers: levures, bactéries plus ou moins régressées et des formes énigmatiques ressemblant parfois à des globules de sécrétion. Toutefois, les diverses catégories de symbiontes décrites auparavant en microscopie photonique ne sont pas toujours retrouvées. Il n'est pas possible de caractériser un genre par ses symbiontes.
    Notes: Summary Electron microscope study of symbiotes hereditarily transmitted through the eggs of in Homoptera, shows very different types: yeasts, more or less degenerated bacteria and enigmatical forms looking in some way like drops of secretion. Yet the numerous distinct species of symbiotes described in some cases by light microscopists are not always found again. It is not possible to distinguish a genus by its symbiotes.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 122 (1971), S. 210-226 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Insects ; Cercus ; Mechanoreceptors ; Fine structur ; Ecdysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Mit einsetzender Apolysis öffnet sich der äußere Liquorraum der Sensillen in den Exuvialraum. Die cuticularen Scheiden und die in ihnen enthaltenen Ciliarstrukturen werden verlängert. Die cuticularen Scheiden grenzen die Sinnescilien gegen die Exuvialflüssigkeit ab. 2. Über die cuticularen Scheiden stehen die alten rezeptorischen Apparate mit den Sinneszellen bis zur Ecdysis in Verbindung. Bei der Bildung der neuen Cuticula wird das Cuticulamaterial um sie herum abgelagert. Dadurch entstehen Kanäle, die wir Häutungskanäle nennen. Sie bleiben auch nach der Ecdysis erhalten, wenn die cuticularen Scheiden und die Sinnescilien hier abgerissen sind. 3. Der Häutungskanal der Faden- und Keulenhaare liegt über der Haarbasis, der der campaniformen Sensillen in der Mitte der cuticularen Kuppel. 4. Im Sinnescilium wird bereits vor der Ecdysis unter der neuen Cuticula ein zweiter, neuer Tubularkörper gebildet. Der alte Tubularkörper geht bei der Häutung verloren. Dadurch können die Sensillen wahrscheinlich bis zur Häutung (alter Tubularkörper!) und sofort nach der Häutung (neuer Tubularkörper!) Reize wahrnehmen. 5. Mechanorezeptorische Sinneshaare und campaniforme Sensillen sind homologe Bildungen. Die innere Hüllzelle (H 1) legt die cuticulare Scheide an. Die mittlere Hüllzelle (H 2) ist die trichogene und die äußere Hüllzelle (H 3) die tormogene Zelle.
    Notes: Summary 1. With the onset of apolysis the external extracellular space of the sensilla opens into the exuvial space. The cuticular sheaths and the ciliary structures become lengthened. The cuticular sheaths delimit and protect the modified cilia against the exuvial fluid. 2. The old receptor apparatus stays in contact with the sensory cells above the cuticular sheath until ecdysis. In the formation of the new cuticle, the cuticular material is deposited around the cuticular sheath, thereby forming channels, called the ecdysial canals. These also remain intact after the cuticular sheath and the modified cilium become torn away. 3. The ecdysial canal of the filiform and club-shaped hairs is situated above the base of the hair; the ecdysial canal of the campaniform sensilla is in the middle of the cuticular cap. 4. A second and new tubular body is already formed under the new cuticle in the modified cilium before ecdysis. The old tubular body disappears during ecdysis. The sensilla therefore can probably perceive stimuli until the time of ecdysis through the old tubular body and there-after through the new tubular body. 5. Mechanoreceptive sensory hairs and campaniform sensilla are homologous structures. The internal enveloping cell (H 1) lays down the cuticular sheath. The middle enveloping cell (H 2) is the trichogen cell, and the external one (H 3) is the tormogen cell.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Insects ; Sensory Apparatus ; Mandible ; Speophyes lucidulus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'organisation sensorielle de la mandibule de la larve duSpeophyes lucidulus est étudiée au microscope électronique. L'équipement sensoriel est remarquablement homogène puisqu'il ne comprend que des mécanorécepteurs: — récepteurs tactiles, comme les sensilles trichoïdes du bord externe de la mandibule, — propriocepteurs, comme les sensilles campaniformes d'une part et les récepteurs scolopidiaux d'autre part, qui sont les plus abondants. Ceux-ci se terminent dans les zones de la mandibule qui sont le plus fortement soumises à des tensions et des déformations lors des mouvements mandibulaires. Ces récepteurs présentent en outre certaines caractéristiques morphologiques originales que nous décrivons.
    Notes: Summary The sensorial organization of the mandible of theSpeophyes lucidulus larva is studied by means of electron microscopy. This sensorial apparatus is remarkably homogeneous, i.e. it includes only mechanoreceptors: — tactile receptors such as trichoide sensillae in the external edge of the mandible, — proprioceptors such as campaniform sensillae and scolopidia which are the more numerous. The latter, end in the zone of the mandible which are widely concerned with strains and deformations during mandibular movements. Furthermore, these receptors present certain original morphological features which are described below.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 113 (1971), S. 361-387 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Insects ; Molt ; Proctodeum ; Cuticle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La formation des divers types de cuticule rectale a été suivie au cours de la mue chezKalotermes flavicollis (Isoptera). Dans l'épithélium rectal, l'épicuticule externe est formée de couches alternativement sombres et claires, comme dans les autres types de cuticule; l'épicuticule interne présente d'abord une fine lamellation de sa région superficielle, lamellation qui disparaît ensuite. Sur les papilles rectales, l'épicuticule externe a d'abord le même aspect, mais ensuite des différences apparaissent dans l'évolution des différentes couches; ces différences sont encore plus accentuées dans les dépressions épicuticulaires, où les couches superficielles de l'épicuticule externe disparaissent. Sur le cadre bordant les papilles, le dépôt de l'épicuticule externe est peu différent de ce qu'on observe sur l'épithelium rectal; l'épicuticule interne, très mince, présente là aussi une lamellation temporaire; le reste de la cuticule acquiert d'emblée la structure homogène observée pendant l'intermue. Dans tous les cas, la sécrétion de la cuticule (y compris la sous-cuticule) est terminée au moment de l'exuviation. Les modifications des cellules sont brièvement décrites; les cellules des papilles rectales subissent une dédifférenciation complète de leur surface apicale, mais, sur les faces latérales, les associations des mitochondries avec les replis des membranes plasmiques subsistent en grande partie.
    Notes: Summary The formation of the different kinds of rectal cuticle has been followed during the molt inKalotermes flavicollis (Isoptera). In the rectal epithelium, the outer epicuticle consists of alternating dark and light layers, as previously described in other types of cuticle; the inner epicuticle first exhibits in its superficial part a thin multilayered pattern, which later disappears. In the rectal papillae, the outer epicuticle has primarily the same appearance, but the evolution of the various layers is somewhat different; even more pronounced differences occur in the epicuticular depressions where the more superficial layers of the outer epicuticle disappear. In the border of the rectal papillae, the outer epicuticle is laid down according nearly the same way as in the rectal epithelium; the temporary multilayered pattern of the very thin inner epicuticle also may be observed; the underlying part of the cuticle, as soon as it is formed, shows the homogeneous appearance observed during the intermolt. In all the cases, the secretion of the cuticle (sub-cuticle included) is achieved when the ecdysis occurs. The modifications affecting the cells are briefly described; the apical surface of the rectal papillae cells undergoes a complete dedifferentiation, but, on the lateral faces, the associations of mitochondria with plasma membrane interdigitations for a large part remain unchanged.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 120 (1971), S. 1-16 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Corpus allatum ; Insects ; Cribriform inclusions ; Ultrastructure ; Cytophysiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ultrastructural evidence is presented for the manufacture, storage, and release of a distinctive cellular product in the corpus allatum of the insect Leucophaea. This product (C body material) originates in the Golgi zone and acquires a characteristic, regularly structured appearance of exceptionally high electron density. The differential distribution of this easily identified product in various sites in the organ permits the reconstruction of a sequence of dynamic events involving transport from the intra- to the extracellular compartment which affords access to the circulation. A small amount of (surplus ?) C body material becomes incorporated in multivesicular bodies. The variability in the occurrence, distribution, and fate of the C body material during various periods of the animal's life cycle, and under experimentally altered conditions, suggests a relationship with the glandular function of the corpus allatum. Conspicuous deposits of C body material, especially in the extracellular stroma, parallel situations in which the hormonal activity of the organ seems to be low or temporarily suspended. Thus the ultrastructural manifestations of intermittent sluggishness in the system, as observed in Leucophaea, provide valuable cues for the existence of a periodically changing production line involving a specific glandular material. The precise relationship with the comparable cyclicity of juvenile hormone activity remains to be ascertained.
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