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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE CAUSES OF GEOPHYSICAL ACCIDENTS (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 6 (1958), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The attention of everyone has already been drawn to the part which accident reports must play (Geophysical Prospecting, March, 1957, PP- 1 to 8). We intend to show here, with supporting examples, that the systematic analysis of the causes, does allow one to obtain practical conclusions.To begin with, it is advisable to widen the notion of geophysical accident as much as possible. This being done, about 200 reports distributed over a long period and a sufficient number of parties, are dealt with. The collected reports are sufficiently numerous to draw conclusions in a general way bearing on the headings: drilling, transport, outbreaks of fire, explosives, falls, stings, shocks, miscellaneous causes.All the quoted figures are referred to the number of accidents reported. Action must be taken to encourage european geophysicists to study accident reports and to analyse the causes. This may be done in such a way that secret information, such as whereabouts of their personnel, is not disclosed.Efforts to promote “Security” must in the first place bear on the quest for the causes, the definitions of ‘accident’ and of ‘geophysicist’ being taken at their widest possible meaning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1958.tb01657.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SEISMIC MODEL EXPERIMENTS CONCERNING REFLECTED REFRACTIONS (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 6 (1958), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Seismic model experiments are described in which long strips of plexiglass were used as models. One end of the strip was sawn off at an oblique angle and, at the opposite end, the strip was excited by means of a barium titanate transducer. The experiments showed that, if the width of the strip was sufficiently small, an anomalous reflection against the oblique end occurred which travelled in the longitudinal direction of the strip. This anomalous reflection did not occur when the width of the strip was large. These results are explained on the basis of Fresnel's theory. It is inferred that, in the subsurface, refracted waves may be reflected against fault planes without the law of reflection being satisfied, provided that the refracted wave is propagated in a sufficiently thin high velocity layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1958.tb01661.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DISCUSSION ON THE SYMPOSIUM (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 6 (1958), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1958.tb01667.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CHANGES OF SHAPE OF SEISMIC IMPULSES IN HOMOGENEOUS VISCOELASTIC MEDIA (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 6 (1958), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Changes of shape of seismic waves provide information on the properties of the material in which the waves propagate. Ricker (1953) has attempted to explain the changes of shape on the basis of a simple viscoelastic theory. His conclusions are at variance with those of others who find a dependence of the attenuation on frequency which could be explained only by a much more complicated linear theory or by nonlinear theories.To provide a basis for discussion, the essentials of the theory of viscoelasticity are briefly reviewed. If a relaxation spectrum, rather than one or very few relaxation times, is admitted, a great variety of experimental results can be described by the linear theory of viscoelasticity. A linear theory is indicated when no obvious violations of the principle of superposition occur.Ricker's theory is presented with some modifications which allow for a finite duration of the initial pulse and for the approximate character of his basic assumptions. There do not appear to be serious discrepancies between his theory and his experimental results. Some of the objections to his theory can be met by assuming a finite duration of the initial pulse. However, more direct measurements made under similar circumstances by McDonal et al. (1958) at the same location lead to a conclusion on the nature of the material not in accordance with Ricker's. This casts doubt on the sensitivity of his method.Laboratory measurements usually yield results which are not explainable in terms of simple viscoelastic models. Whether a linear theory with a relaxation spectrum or a nonlinear theory should apply depends much on the experimental conditions. We must also consider the possibility of nonlinear mechanisms which are active at small amplitudes. No stand is taken in this controversy, but it is pointed out that the question linear or nonlinear could be decided experimentally without considering the details of the theories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1958.tb01666.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AN ACCURATE GRAPHICAL METHOD FOR INTERPRETING SEISMIC REFRACTION LINES (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 6 (1958), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A method of refraction computing is described which establishes the two points of incidence at the surface of the ray-paths from any point on the refractor when observed from opposing directions. The distance between these points is used to determine the radius and the centre of a circle to which the refractor must be tangential. The matching of forward and reverse data is intrinsic in the method so that the resulting profile is automatically positioned in depth. It is shown that if the effects of dip are neglected, errors are introduced in the derived radius and also in the position of the centre but these errors are shown to cancel each other almost exactly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1958.tb01655.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RESULTS OF SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATIONS USING SEISMIC DETECTORS AND DEEP BORE HOLES (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 6 (1958), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The wells Parentis 10 and 12 which are located on the eastern edge of the Parentis anticline were found to be considerably lower at the top of the reservoir series than had been expected.Unfortunately the village of Parentis is located in this important zone and no more seismic results could be obtained which might help locate faults and give a better picture of the area. To help in our understanding of the area, we attempted to investigate the subsurface conditions surrounding the wells by shooting shaped charges or primacord in the well and recording the returning seismic energy along profiles located on the surface. Thus far, we have used this method in three wells: Parentis 10, Parentis 12 and Lugos 2.With the data given by a velocity survey in each well, time-distance curves have been calculated for several typical possibilities: horizontal layers, dipping layers and the effect of a fault. A comparison of the calculated and experimental curves shows anomalies which correspond to a change of the average velocity along the travel path, which can correspond to geological changes such as: a sudden change of dip, a fault or a thickening of the section.The anomalies have been studied on the different profiles from each well and a possible interpretation of the subsurface conditions has been given. The directions of the major accidents determined by this method are in general agreement with those found by the regular seismic shooting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1958.tb01646.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RICHTCHARAKTERISTIKEN VON GEOPHONGRUPPEN MIT BERÜCKSICHTIGUNG DER EINZELCHARAKTERISTIKEN (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 6 (1958), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The directional sensitivities of an array of geophones depend as much on the size of the array as on the directional sensitivities of the single geophones forming the array. In a former paper (Celminš 1956) the effect of the size of the array was investigated. In addition to this the influence of the directional sensitivities of the individual geophones on the sensitivities of an array of geophones is investigated here.In δ 2 some general formulae for the directional sensitivities are derived. In addition the directional sensitivities of a single geophone according to P- and S-waves are investigated (δ3 and δ4). In δ5 the'directional sensitivities for the most important cases of arrays of parallel geophones are computed. The results of the computation (shown in fig. 4 and 5) give an idea of the types of directional sensitivities which occur in the use of geophone arrays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1958.tb01642.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AN APPROXIMATE METHOD OF RESISTIVITY SOUNDING INTERPRETATION (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 24 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: An approximate method of interpretation of resistivity sounding is presented, which may be described as a very crude manner of application of the exact direct interpretation method. The accuracy of this method is fairly low, the errors being in the order of 25%. The method is very fast in application and well suited for application to multilayer cases. The main advantage of the method is that it is in close and clear relation to the exact theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1976.tb01561.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DIP SELECTIVE MIGRATION VELOCITY DETERMINATION (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 24 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Dip selective migration velocity determination calculates coherency of energy migrating into an output trace or ‘MVD-axis’ as a function of the three variables time, velocity, and dip. In doing so, it provides additional information, the dip information, relative to standard MVD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1976.tb01563.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    COMPUTATION OF INTERVAL VELOCITIES FROM COMMON REFLECTION POINT MOVEOUT TIMES FOR n LAYERS WITH ARBITRARY DIPS AND CURVATURES IN THREE DIMENSIONS WHEN ASSUMING SMALL SHOT-GEOPHONE DISTANCES (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 24 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: It is well known that interval velocities can be determined from common-reflection-point moveout times. However, the mathematics becomes complicated in the general case of n homogeneous layers with curved interfaces dipping in three dimensions.In this paper the problem is solved by mathematical induction using the second power terms only of the Taylor series which represents the moveout time as a function of the coordinate differences between shot and geophone points. Moreover, the zero-offset reflection times of the nth interface in a certain area surrounding the point of interest have to be known. The n—I upper interfaces and interval velocities are known too on account of the mathematical induction method applied. Thus, the zero-offset reflection raypath of the nth interface can be supposed to be known down to the intersection with the (n—1)th interface.The method applied consists mainly in transforming the second power terms of the moveout time from one interface to the next one. This is accomplished by matrix algebra.Some special cases are discussed as e.g. uniform strike and small curvatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1976.tb00387.x
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