ALBERT

Description: Un des plus grands ph\xc3\xa9nom\xc3\xa8nes structuraux des Pyr\xc3\xa9n\xc3\xa9es est sans doute la faille Nord-Pyr\xc3\xa9n\xc3\xa9enne qui longe la zone axiale depuis la M\xc3\xa9diterran\xc3\xa9e jusqu\'\xc3\xa0 la c\xc3\xb4te atlantique.\nElle est caract\xc3\xa9ris\xc3\xa9e par plusieurs particularit\xc3\xa9s exceptionelles, dont le m\xc3\xa9tamorphisme des terrains jurassiques et cr\xc3\xa9tac\xc3\xa9s inf., accompagn\xc3\xa9 d\'intrusions de roches basiques est le plus important.

Description: Ever since it became apparent that terrestrial animals ranging over large continental areas generally showed a certain degree of gradual geographic variation, attention has been focused on the colour variation of the Jay, Garrulus glandarius, in Europe. Surely the Jays belong to those species of palearctic land birds in which the formation of geographical differences must be considered to be exceptionally favoured: HARTERT (1903\xe2\x80\x941922; including HARTERT & STEINBACHER 1932) recognized as many as 10 European races of the Jay by name, whereas Kleiner (1935\xe2\x80\x9438) in his monographic treatment of the species numbered as many as 9 races in the same region. In several instances of the geographic variation of the Jay the differences are exceedingly striking, e.g. between the reddish brown Jays from Ireland and the dark grey ones from northern and central Europe. Still, the intergradations are so gradual and the individual variation is so unexpectedly large, that the application of subspecific names as a method of expressing geographical variation has proved to meet with serious difficulties. The resulting confusion of names for years has stressed geographical differences being of only minor importance and has obscured others meriting a closer attention.\nHowever, it was not at all for nomenclatorial purposes that this study was started, nor in order to propose a new arrangement of the geographic races of the Jay in Europa. That, in spite of this, these topics have been dealt with in one of the following chapters of this paper must be explained from the fact that the author failed to see a possibility to avoid them. The main purpose of this study was to investigate instances of \xe2\x80\x9cclinal variation\xe2\x80\x9d, meaning the presence and the origin of geographical character gradients. \xe2\x80\x9cCharacter gradients in the frequencies or in the expression of variable characters\xe2\x80\x9d (DOBZHANSKY 1947, p. 67) occurring in continuous geographical areas have seriously attracted the attention of students of population genetics and of micro-evolution. Hence it seemed worth while to select a suitable subject for a comparison of local individual variation with geographical variation and to study the origin of the clines. This is what the author has tried to do in the course of the present study on Garrulus glandarius.

Description: In 1935 Lee Boone in Bulletin of the Vanderbilt Marine Museum vol. 6 (pp. 160-163, pls. 41, 42) described and figured a shrimp, which she thought to belong to a new genus and species of the Palaemonid subfamily Pontoniinae, and which she named Vanderbiltia rosamondae. Boone\'s figures and description show that the specimen cannot possibly be a Pontoniid shrimp, but it proves to be impossible from these data alone to place the species anywhere in the system. In my report on the Pontoniinae of the Siboga Expedition (Holthuis, 1952, p. 22), therefore, I listed Vanderbiltia rosamondae (misspelled rosamundae by me) under the "species described as Pontoniinae, but not belonging in this subfamily\'\', and remarked that the species shows some resemblance to the Atyidae and that it might be juvenile.\nThough according to the description and figure Vanderbiltia in some characters resembles the Atyidae, in others (e.g., the shape of the chelae) it differs so much from any of the members of that family that it hardly could be placed there. The identity of Vanderbiltia rosamondae Boone, which species had not been recorded since the original publication, therefore remained a mystery that only could be solved by examination of the type specimen itself.\nIn April 1953 I had the pleasure of visiting the Vanderbilt Museum in Centerport, Long Island, New York. Mr. Woodhull B. Young, curator of the Museum, whom I am profoundly thankful for giving so much of his valuable time to show my company and myself around in the Museum, and for extending many courtesies to us, was good enough to allow me to take the type specimen of Vanderbiltia rosamondae (or Vanderbiltia mirabilis, under which name it was exhibited in the Museum) with me to Washington,

Description: Though Schlegel (1866, p. 200) as well as Hartert (1898, p. 135) pointed out that Carpophaga paulina, described by Bonaparte (1850, p. 35) and now known as Ducula aenea paulina (Bp.), originating from the Sula Archipelago (East of the East Coast of Celebes) seemed not quite similar to birds from Celebes, lack of sufficient material refrained these authors from separating Sula birds. But this was done by Siebers (1929, p. 152/3) who separated them under the name Ducula aenea sulana, on account of their smaller wing measurements and the darker (more chestnut coloured) nuchal patch. The Sula birds should be also smaller than nuchalis from the Philippines and (doubtful) pulchella from Togian 2) which, according to Siebers, should belong to the same "Formenkreis" as paulina and sulana.\nSiebers compared 8 birds from Sula (1 \xe2\x99\x82, 5 \xe2\x99\x80 and 2 sex. inc.) in which the length of the wing varied from 208 to 216 mm with 5 specimens (3 \xe2\x99\x82 and 2 \xe2\x99\x80) originating from Celebes (Paloppo and Bone) having wings varying from 218 + x to 234 mm and with 7 skins (4 \xe2\x99\x82 and 3 \xe2\x99\x80) from Muna and Buton with wing measurements diverging from 232 to 248 mm.\nBesides the 20 birds studied by Siebers I could examine 18 more skins of these pigeons, viz., 3 from the Sula Islands, 2 from Pulau Peleng (island off Northeast Coast Celebes), 4 from Bumbulan (North Celebes), I from North Celebes (exact locality unknown), 1 from Kulawi (Central Celebes), 2 from Bone (South Celebes; Siebers\' statement that Bone is situated in North Celebes must be a slip of the pen), 2 from South Celebes (exact locality unknown), 1 from Mara (Mare?, South Celebes) and 2 from Muna (island off the Southeast Coast Celebes). When comparing these 38 skins (31 specimens from the Buitenzorg Museum and 7 from

Description: Among the fossil proboscidean remains collected by Mr. H. R. van Heekeren in the Tjabeng\xc3\xa8 area, Sopeng district, about 100 km Northeast of Macassar in Southwestern Celebes there are a number of very small teeth.\nThey can be referred to the species of Archidiskodon of which I originally described two specimens of M2 or M3, some molar fragments, the distal end of an ulna, and the proximal end of a tibia (Hooijer, 1949), to which could later be added a fine M3, and an M1 or M2, both completely preserved (Hooijer, 1953a).\nArchidiskodon celebensis Hooijer is the smallest species of Archidiskodon known at present. Its molars are only one-half as large in linear dimensions as those of Archidiskodon planifrons (Falconer et Cautley), and they agree with the latter in their ridge-plate formula, configuration of the enamel figures of the worn plates, long roots, and degree of hypsodonty.\nAs will be seen from what follows, the Celebes pygmy elephantine also agrees with A. planifrons in what is considered to be the most important distinguishing character of A. planifrons, viz., the presence of premolars.\nMilk molars have been less intensively studied than molars; there are three of them, in Archidiskodon as well as in the recent species Data on DM2-4 of Archidiskodon planifrons from the Upper Siwaliks of India, of A. meridionalis (Nesti) from the Villafranchian of Europe, and of A. exoptatus Dietrich from the Early Pleistocene of East Africa are given in Fal1) A preantepenultimate milk molar (DMI) occasionally develops in the African elephant (Morrison-Scott, 1939). coner and Cautley (1845-49), Falconer (1868), Adams (1877-81), Pohlig (1888-91), Weithofer (1890), Dietrich (1942), and Osborn (1942). These

Description: In a paper on some birds from Sumatra in the Leiden Museum Dr. Junge (1948, pp. 314-15) lists two males of Limosa lapponica baueri Naum. taken by Mr. Van Heurn on the beach at Tandjong Tiram in the Deli district on 14 November 1921. In a short discussion on this record he refers to the fact that Vorderman (1890, p. 416) gives this species as probably occurring in Sumatra, and subsequently Robinson & Kloss (1923, p. 326) and Chasen (1935, p. 37) list it without query or comment. Dr. Junge adds that he failed to find the reference on which the later authors decided that the bird was definitely known from Sumatra. It is probable that no such reference exists and that Dr. Junge\'s paper constitutes the first authentic published record of the occurrence there of the Eastern Bartailed Godwit. The point at issue is a general one which has puzzled other workers in this field, and it would seem to be of interest to outline the situation briefly.\nRobinson & Kloss published two lists of the birds of Sumatra, the first in 1918, containing 527 birds, and the second in 1923, giving 574 birds. In a note to their first list the authors (1918, p. 284) make the following comment on their treatment of the "Charadrii formes" (= Suborder Charadrii), "In this group Vorderman records with certainty only 14 species that are found on the mud-flats of the Strait of Malacca with one or two exceptions".\nIt is clear that by mud-flats of the Strait of Malacca they mean the flats on the eastern (Malay Peninsula) side of the strait. They disallow 3 of the birds given by Vorderman, but make their own total up to 30. At that time they had apparently no reliable Sumatran records for the great majority of the 19 species which they thus added to the Sumatran list. The same procedure was followed in compiling the second list, published in 1923,

Description: Since 1948 Mr. H. R. van Heekeren, then prehistorian to the Archaeological Survey of the Dutch East Indies, kept up an intermittent search for fossil teeth and bones that occur in association with Palaeolithic artifacts at Beru and Sompoh, near Tjabenge (Sopeng district), about 100 km Northeast of Macassar in Southwestern Celebes. These sites are now known to yield an interesting vertebrate fauna, presumably Pleistocene in age, the first found elements of which were described a few years ago (Hooijer, 1948, 1949).\nOne of the most remarkable discoveries in the Tjabeng\xc3\xa8 area made by Mr.\nVan Heekeren is a small elephantine that I have named Archidiskodon celebensis (Hooijer, 1949). It was based on an almost complete and unworn upper molar, and on a similar but worn specimen, while parts of an ulna and a tibia were also described. I ventured to interpret these fossils as belonging to a dwarf archidiskodont elephant (standing about six feet high at the shoulder when adult), in a curious way retaining the characters of Archidiskodon planifrons (Falconer et Cautley) from which I took the Celebes elephantine to have been derived.\nIt is a great pleasure, again, to acknowledge my indebtedness to Prof. Dr.\nA. J. Bernet Kempers, Head of the Dinas Purbakala R.I. at Djakarta, Java, who entrusted the Celebes fossil vertebrates to me for study. Moreover, I wish to thank Dr. Edwin H. Colbert of the American Museum of Natural History, New York, for stimulating discussions and kind advice. The proboscidean remains to be described below are the best specimens that Mr.\nVan Heekeren ever collected in Celebes in the years 1948 to and including 1950, and credit should go to him especially for his perseverance in the field without which these valuable specimens would never have been collected.

Description: I. Attacus dohertyi dammermani nov. subspec. (Plate II) Large, apex of fore wing moderately produced, general coloration of wings, head, notum including patagia, and abdomen rather light reddish brown, several intersegmental folds between the abdominal tergites blackish.\nIn both wings the terminal area somewhat lighter, more yellowish brown, in apex of fore wing grading into yellowish. Hind wing with the apical area markedly reddish. In fore wing the dark apical spot and red dash weak, submarginal line practically wanting, in hind wing a somewhat undulating submarginal dark line well developed. Postmedian band in both wings strongly serrate, but not bent inwards. Antemedian band in both wings less distinct, not serrate, in fore wing angled on base of v2, in hind wing curved inwards. The vitreous patches in both wings very large, guttiform by having the base curved outwards, the basal angles rounded, and the top elongated and pointed towards the postmedian band. In both wings with two additional vitreous patches which are in fore wing slightly larger than in hind wing.\nIn hind wing the lower patch communicates with the interior black border of the postmedian band. All these spots bordered by a black margin. The interior orange yellow border, so obvious in many dohertyi specimens, is wanting or indicated by some inconspicuous traces only. Underside corresponding with upperside, the outer half very light, as in atlas, but the subterminal markings in both wings practically wanting or obsolete. Lateral markings of abdomen much less developed than in atlas.\nI \xe2\x99\x80, 25 cm, holotype, W. Sumba, IV. 1925, labelled Dammerman, Sumba Exp., in Museum Leiden. 2. THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS Attacus L. IN THE FAR EAST.

Description: During the Scientific Surinam Expedition 1948-1949 Mr. P. H. Creutzberg collected only a few specimens of birds, which came in the Leiden Museum. Most of the collected birds belong to species well known from Surinam as Butorides striatus, Piaya cayana, Rhynchocyclus flaviventris.\nOthers like Leucopternis albicollis are not exceptionally rare. One species, however, proved to be new for Surinam. It is of interest to mention it here together with some other species, rarely recorded from Surinam, collected by Mr. W. C. van Heurn in 1911 and by Mr. H. A. Boon in 1901.\nLeucopternis melanops Lath.\nA specimen (\xe2\x99\x80) of the Black-Faced Hawk was collected by Mr. W. C. van Heurn at Guyana Goudplacer on October 9, 1911. Guyana Goudplacer is situated on the railroad about 100 km from the coast, approximately at 5\xc2\xb0 15\' N and 55\xc2\xb0 27\' W. Kappler in his book "Holl\xc3\xa4ndisch-Guiana" (1881, p. 164) gives a list of the birds, which he collected for the Stuttgart Museum.\nIn this list he also mentions this species, but other records of specimens from Surinam seem to be lacking. The measurements are: wing 238, tail 156, culmen from cere 22, tarsus 63 mm.\nSpiza\xc3\xabtus ornatus (Daudin) A specimen of Mauduit\'s Hawk-Eagle was shot at the plantation Johanna Catharina on the Saramacca River by Mr. Bosch Reitz on September 22, 1911. It was included in the collection that Mr. van Heurn sent to the Leiden Museum in 1911. Mr. van Heurn reports that it is a rare species in Surinam. It was only recorded by Kappler in his above mentioned list.\nMeasurements: wing 372, tail 264, culmen from cere 33, tarsus 100, hind toe without claw 40 mm. Wing/tail index 70.9. The specimen was unsexed

Description: The Rhizocephala, parasites of Crustacea of various orders, form a small group of animals, of which the comparatively small number of published records become rather easily accessible in a complete manner, so that in this respect the group lends itself for a survey of the occurrence and the distribution of the species in the Pacific area. The available data are widely scattered in the literature (cf. references at the end of the present paper), most papers dealing with one or a few species, some publications containing data on animals of the group from a distinct geographical area, others again giving the results of an examination of the material of the group preserved in a certain museum. A survey of the available data proves that in certain regions of the Pacific our knowledge concerning the Rhizocephala is fairly well advanced, whilst on the other hand in other parts of the area hardly anything has become known in respect to the parasites of the group.\nA list of the species known to occur in the Pacific region follows here, arranged under the various genera. To save space the author\'s names Boschma (B.), Van Kampen & Boschma (K. B.), and Shiino (Sh.) have been abbreviated as indicated in brackets. Behind each name one or more numbers are added in brackets, these refer to the geographical areas briefly to be indicated as: I, Japan; 2, China; 3, Philippine Islands; 4, South East Asia; 5, East Indian Archipelago; 6, New Guinea and Torres Strait; 7, North East and East Australia; 8, North America, including Bering Sea; 9, South America; 10, Central Pacific. It is not intended to regard these regions as well defined faunal provinces; for the purposes of the present paper, however, they form regions of a more or less distinct character.\nPeltogaster boschmai Reinhard (8), depressus Reinhard (8), latus van