ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (9,994)
  • Elsevier  (3,804)
  • Springer  (3,565)
  • American Physical Society  (2,625)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Meteorological Society
  • 1995-1999  (9,924)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1965-1969
  • 1955-1959
  • 1950-1954  (70)
  • 1998  (5,029)
  • 1995  (4,895)
  • 1953  (28)
  • 1950  (42)
  • Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology  (9,994)
Collection
  • Articles  (9,994)
Publisher
Years
  • 1995-1999  (9,924)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1965-1969
  • 1955-1959
  • 1950-1954  (70)
Year
Journal
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 57-67 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The paper presents a simple method for solving the optimal (LQG) control problem on an infinite time horizon for linear plants described by proper rational transfer function matrices. Since the class of proper plants discussed in the paper is more general than the one commonly used, additional properties of solutions are presented. Two numerical examples illustrate the theoretical considerations. The examples have been performed on an IBM PC using the proposed algorithm. This algorithm is a part of a public ASMCS package developed by the author for analysis, synthesis, and simulations of multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) control systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 135-143 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract We study the behavior of a Hilbert network (i.e., a finite or countably infinite network whose variables are in a Hilbert space and in which the associated total energy is finite) whose elements are affected by perturbations. More specifically, we will give estimates for a change of the current distribution caused by (a) perturbations of the elements of the nominal network when the voltage sources are fixed, and (b) a change of voltage sources in a network whose elements are perturbed. The conditions given in our theorems imply insensitivity and robust stability of the nominal network. The applications of the results are illustrated by an example of an infinite network.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 473-494 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A new lattice filter structure to model two-dimensional (2-D) autoregressive (AR) fields is proposed. The proposed structure utilizes and extracts the information contained in the backward prediction error fields and their delayed versions. The main idea is to use two sets of reflection coefficients corresponding to two quadrant filters and to increase the number of reflection coefficients with the order of the lattice filter. Increasing the number of reflection coefficients at each stage produces a sufficient number of independent parameters to model AR fields up to order three, which is an improvement over the existing 2-D lattice filter structures. The improvement is confirmed by computer simulations. In addition, a relationship between the reflection coefficients and the AR coefficients is derived. It is also shown that the entropy contained in the backward prediction error field vector of the proposed structure is closer to the input entropy when compared to those contained in existing 2-D lattice filters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 555-561 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper addresses the problem of global asymptotic stability in recursive first hyperquadrant causalm-D digital filters. A set of simple-to-check 1-D conditions necessary for stability of them-D system is given. Generalizations tov-dimensional (v〈m) subsystems are also provided. These derived conditions are useful in determining asymptotic convergence ofm-D digital filters implemented in fixed or floating point arithmetic. The set of 1-D conditions can be considered the analogous result to practical bounded input bounded output (BIBO) stability for linearm-D systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 633-637 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A new efficient algorithm for calculating the weighting coefficients of maximally linear, FIR digital differentiators is presented. Simple closed-form explicit and recursive formulas are derived in a very straightforward manner. Moreover, a simple recursive equation is established, relating coefficients of two digital differentiators of adjacent ranks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 661-667 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a sequence of pseudorandom arrays with triangular symmetry. The sequence of arrays is also pseudorandom in nature, so it can be called a pseudorandom sequence of arrays, or PRSA. A circuit for the PRSA generator is given and some interesting properties of this type of PRSA are discussed. Also, some of the concepts presented in this paper are clarified with an example.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 1-16 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we present a new class of two-dimensional FIR-median hybrid (FMH) filters, which we call separable FMH filters, for image noise smoothing. In a separable FMH filter, a one-dimensional FMH filter is applied to the rows and the columns of an image successively. The deterministic properties of separable and cross window FMH filters are discussed. Under certain assumptions, it is proved that a root of a separable FMH filter is a root of the corresponding cross window FMH filter. The noise attenuating properties of a separable FMH filter are studied and compared with those of the separable median filter, the two-dimensional median filter with a square window, and the cross window FMH filter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 69-85 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The Chinese remainder theorem is a fundamental technique widely employed in digital signal processing for designing fast algorithms for computing convolutions. Classically, it has two versions. One is over a ring of integers and the second is over a ring of polynomials with coefficients defined over a field. In our previous papers, we developed an extension to this well-known theorem for the case of a ring of polynomials with coefficients defined over a finite ring of integers. The objective was to generalize number-theoretictransforms, which turn out to be a special case of this extension. This paper focuses on the extension of the Chinese remainder theorem for processing complex-valued integer sequences. Once again, the present work generalizes the complex-number-theoretic transforms. The impetus for this work is provided by the occurrence of complex integer sequences in digital signal processing and the desire to process them using exact arithmetic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 145-166 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A method to improve the stability of the forced response of a recursive digital filter with nonlinearities due to finite wordlength is presented. An analysis of applying a stability criterion on the nonlinear filter is performed by transforming the problem into a mathematical problem of finding a zero set. As a result of the mathematical analysis, one can find a maximal sector size that bounds an equivalent nonlinearity, so that stability is ensured. This sector size is influenced by the choice of the desired nonlinearity characteristic appropriate to the problem, and the amount of the input scaling needed. Another improvement of the filter's stability is obtained by adding a feedback gain, the value of which is determined by using the zero set-finding method. Simulation results showing the improved stability properties of a filter designed by this method are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 285-298 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper a fully systolic, bit level, three-port unconstrained adaptor, which constitutes the main nontrivial building block of ladder wave digital filters, is generated. The one-dimensional binary convolution is used as the underlying algorithm for the implementation of a multiplication. The Isb-first input data organization approach is adopted and thecanonical mapping methodology is used to fully systolize the unconstrained parallel three-port adaptor at the bit level with piplining period a=1. The technique is based on a transformation of the adaptor's signal-flow graph, so that unidirectional data flow takes place. A ring-systolic scheme is proposed for implementing communications among adaptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 317-349 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract We consider the problem of robust stochastic adaptive control of not necessarily minimum phase systems in the presence of unmodelled dynamics. Stochastic gradient algorithms with parameter projection and modified gain sequence are used for the estimation of the unknown controller parameters. Global stability of the adaptive system is achieved without requiring the strictly positive real condition and the persistency exciting condition to be satisfied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 427-443 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A theoretical framework for the investigation of the qualitative behavior of differential-algebraic equations (DAEs) near an equilibrium point is established. The key notion of our approach is the notion of regularity. A DAE is called regular locally around an equilibrium point if there is a unique vector field such that the solutions of the DAE and the vector field are in one-to-one correspondence in a neighborhood of this equilibrium point. Sufficient conditions for the regularity of an equilibrium point are stated. This in turn allows us to translate several local results, as formulated for vector fields, to DAEs that are regular locally around a given equilibrium point (e.g. Local Stable and Unstable Manifold Theorem, Hopf theorem). It is important that these theorems are stated in terms of the given problem and not in terms of the corresponding vector field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 495-524 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The classical notion of the λ-generalized nullspace, defined on a matrixA εR n×n,where λ is an eigenvalue, is extended to the case of ordered pairs of matrices(F, G), F, G ε R m×nwhere the associated pencilsF − G is right regular. It is shown that for every α εC ∪ {∞} generalized eigenvalue of (F, G), an ascending nested sequence of spaces {P α i ,i=1, 2,...} and a descending nested sequence of spaces {ie495-02 i=1, 2,...} are defined from the α-Toeplitz matrices of (F, G); the first sequence has a maximal elementM α * , the α-generalized nullspace of (F, G), which is the element of the sequence corresponding to the index τα, the α-index of annihilation of (F, G), whereas the second sequence has the first elementP α * as its maximal element, the α-prime space of (F, G). The geometric properties of the {M α i ,i=1, 2,...,τα and {P α i ,i=1, 2,...sets, as well as their interrelations are investigated and are shown to be intimately related to the existence of nested basis matrices of the nullspaces of the α-Toeplitz matrices of (F, G). These nested basis matrices characterize completely the geometry ofM α * and provide a systematic procedure for the selection of maximal length linearly independent vector chains characterizing theα-Segre characteristic of (F, G).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 563-586 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The robustness problem of stability for large-scale uncertain systems with a class of multiple time delays is addressed in this paper. By applying the complex Lyapunov stability theorem, the matrix measure techniques, and norm inequalities, a new approach for solving a general case of the above problem is proposed. Several robust stability conditions, delay-dependent or delay-independent, are derived to guarantee the asymptotic stability and exponential stability of the uncertain large-scale time-delay systems. Moreover, these obtained results can also be applied to the stabilization design.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 615-632 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Successful speech recognition is highly dependent on appropriate speech segmentation. The poor efficiency of the sequential detection of abrupt changes in the signals with relatively short stationary intervals, as is the case with speech signals, can be improved by the off-line maximum likelihood segmentation algorithm. In this paper the new segmentation algorithm is presented. For the a priori known number of segments, the algorithm determines such signal partitions for which the sum of segment distortion is minimal. The generalized maximum likelihood distortion measure has been introduced, and has proven to be particularly efficient on short signal segments. In the case of an unknown number of segments, its estimate is obtained comparing the reduction of the distortion. The asymptotic properties of the distortion sequence have been analyzed, which led to the definition of the presented segmentation algorithm. The introduced measure can be applied both to the AR and ARMA models. The segmentation algorithm is verified on test signals as well as on the natural speech signal, for which the pitch synchronous framing scheme is applied. The experimental results also include a comparison of the AR and ARMA model-based segmentations. The first results show that ARMA model-based segmentation gives somewhat better results than the AR model algorithm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 639-651 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A new bit-serial architecture for implementation of high order FIR filters is introduced, as well as example FPGA and CMOS realizations. This structure exploits the simplicity of coefficients that consist of two power-of-two terms to yield efficient implementations. Quantization effects are discussed and a simple block scaling method for reducing rounding and truncation noise in high order filters is also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 39-55 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes an implementation of 2-D FIR and IIR linear digital filters via VLSI array processors. The underlying realization structures are based on the matrix decomposition approach. The 2-D concurrent processing is used in order to implement the row and column delays within the cycle time. A high degree of concurrency is achieved by exploiting the pipelining of the array processors with the inherent parallelism of the matrix decomposition structure. The resulting structures are modular, and regular, use only local communication and internal local feedback loops, and achieve high throughput and sampling rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 111-134 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This article studies dynamical systems under perturbations. We prove an Equilibrium Equivalence Theorem that guarantees that the dynamics of the system remains unchanged under perturbations with certain fairly general assumptions. We also prove that a power system is robust with respect to parameter changes in generic situations. Concepts of equilibrium equivalence and equilibrium equivalence structural stability are developed and are applied to studies of bifurcations of vector fields on noncompact manifolds. A constructive approach to equilibrium equivalence structural stability verification is emphasized. General results on structural stability of vector fields on differential manifolds are established and important applications of this theory to stability analysis are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 167-185 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The problem of designing a stabilizing compensator for a control system to achieve prescribed initial value constraintsυ (i)(0+)=yi is considered. Indeed, modulo certain technical conditions, such a compensator exists if and only if yi=0;i= 0,1,...,r〈p〉 +r〈t〉 −2; wherer〈p〉 is the relative degree of the plant andr〈t〉 is the relative degree of the system input. This theorem is derived and a complete parameterization of the set of compensators that achieve the prescribed design constraints is formulated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 255-278 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Wideband source location in array signal processing has received much attention in the literature lately. Methods such as the Coherent Signal Subspace (CSS) method proposed by Wang and Kaveh [12], and the signal subspace method used by Cadzow [3], are typical of the approaches used to tackle the multiple wideband source location problem. Most of these methods are variations of the narrowband high-resolution methods. Grenier [5], on the other hand, has applied the idea of time-dependent Auto-Regressive (AR) modeling [7] for a nonstationary process to the frequency domain AR modeling of the sensor outputs in a linear array and has been able to produce good results for a wideband signal. The AR coefficients in the model are expanded in a set of frequency-dependent basis functions. The choice of the basis functions was deemed immaterial and the method works even when only one snapshot of the array output is available. In this paper, we re-examine this method and present an extension of the frequency-dependent AR modeling approach to a planar array. It is shown that the use of a set of sinc functions for representing the frequency-dependent AR coefficients accurately tracks their evolution in the frequency domain, and gives superior performance compared to that when power or Legendre functions are used. We also propose two methods for smoothing the spatial spectra, from which the source locations are determined. Comparison with the CSS method are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 17-38 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Centralized methods for source location using sensor arrays have computational and communication burdens that increase significantly with the number of sensors in the array. Therefore, these methods may not be usable in the applications involving very large arrays. In such applications, the data processing may need to be decentralized. This paper introduces two methods for decentralized array processing, based on the recently proposed MODE algorithm. For prescribed nonoverlapping subarrays, both methods are shown to be statistically optimal in the sense that asymptotically they provide the most accurate decentralized estimates of source location parameters. The problem of subarray selection to further optimize the estimation accuracy is only briefly addressed. The two methods are intended for different types of applications: the first should be preferred when there exist significant possibilities for local processing or for parallel computation in the central processor; otherwise the second method should be preferred. The accuracy of the two decentralized methods is compared to the centralized Cramér-Rao bound, both analytically and numerically, in order to provide indications about the loss of accuracy associated with decentralized processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 87-110 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract We present in this paper a recursive-in-order least-squares (LS) algorithm to compute efficiently the parameters of a 2-D Gaussian Markov random field (GMRF) model. The algorithm is based on the fact that the least-squares estimation of the parameters of a 2-D noncausal GMRF model is consistent and the coefficient matrix in the normal equation has near-to-block-Toeplitz structure. Hence, it has a Levinson-like form for the updating of model parameters by introducing auxiliary variables. Moreover, this paper proposes the concept ofrecursive path for 2-D recursive-in-order algorithms, and points out that there exists a tradeoff between fast computation of the parameters and accurate choice of model support; a compromise recursive path is then suggested where the orders change alternately in two directions. The computational complexity of the developed algorithm is analyzed, and the results show that the algorithm is more efficient when either the image size or the model support is larger. It is found that the total number of multiplications (mps) involved in the new algorithm is only about 14% of that in the conventional LS method when the image size is 512 × 512 and the neighbor set of the model is a 17 × 17 window. Computer simulation results using the recursive-in-order algorithm developed in this paper and the conventional LS method are given to verify the correctness of the new algorithm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 85-102 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we present a hybrid space-time-filtered Viterbi receiver using multiple antennas for co-channel interference (CCI) reduction and intersymbol interference (ISI) equalization in a slow Rayleigh fading channel. In this approach, a space-time filter is first applied at the antenna outputs to maximize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), and the scalar output is then sent to a Viterbi equalizer. We propose a closed-form solution to jointly determine the weight vector for the space-time filter and the channel vector for the Viterbi equalizer. We also examine the need for a whitening filter prior to the Viterbi equalizer and show that it only marginally improves the performance. Simulation results are provided to validate our approach and to compare the performance of our receiver with that of different existing receivers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. i 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 123-136 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Prosthetic heart valves have been responsible for extending the life spans and improving the quality of life of many people with serious heart conditions. Even though the heart valves are extremely reliable, eventually they are susceptible to the long-term fatigue and structural failure effects expected for mechanical devices operating over long periods of time. In [2] a classification procedure was developed using spectral features obtained from acoustic signals to determine the condition of the prosthetic heart valve. Although this classification procedure has produced very encouraging results, this method still lacks a fundamental physical description of the sounds produced by the valve during normal operation. In order to obtain a better understanding of the valve acoustic response, we have performed a set of anechoic tests. In this paper, we describe the anechoic experiment and also present limited transient response results. This transient information will eventually be used to identify and improve the features used to classify the valve condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 195-218 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this two-part study we present a new design methodology for neural classifiers. The design procedure utilizes a multiclass vector quantization (MVQ) algorithm for information extraction from the training set. The extracted information suffices to specify the hidden layer in a canonical neural network architecture. The extracted information also leads to the specification of neuron inhibition rules and subsequently the design of the hidden layer-to-output map. In Part I of the study we focus attention on the MVQ algorithm and how it is used to extract information from a training set. The extracted information is referred to as thecodebook. The codebook is used to directly specify the hidden layer. This specification can take the form of a perceptron layer, a radial basis layer, or a heterogeneous layer involving a mixture of neuron types. These and otherh-layer specifications are determined directly from the same extracted information. The MVQ codebook also suffices to scale the activation function of each neuron. In Part II we consider the nonsimplistic hidden layer-to-output map design. We note that the MVQ algorithm, as it extracts information, decomposes the design set into disjoint neighborhoods. For each neighborhood we identify subsets of the hidden layer neurons, which are significant sensors for the neighborhood. For each such subset we construct an output map. Inhibition rules are established to ensure that the proper output map is activated. In benchmark simulations the overall design exhibits excellent performance, to the extent that we are hard pressed to identify bounds on performance, if any.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 361-389 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A transform domain image tagging orwatermarking method that survives image cropping (and, hence, is “holographic”) was proposed at Bell Labs in September 1994. This report analyzed in detail the various properties of this method and introduces an optimal procedure for watermark recovery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 539-553 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Cross terms are an inherent consequence of the second order nature of Cohen's class TFDs (Time-Frequency Distributions) [5], [6]. They are manifest in a TFD of multicomponent signals as spurious artifacts arising from interactions between the various signal components, and they can often appear at times and/or frequencies inconsistent with the underlying physical nature of the signal, causing misinterpretation [2], [3], [4]. There are many time frequency distributions that avoid the cross term effect; the best are the Choi-Williams ED (Exponential Distribution) [1] and Levin's IPS (Instantaneous Power Spectrum) [9]. In this paper we combine the cross term reducing philosophy of the ED and IPS to obtain a new TFD that most effectively reduces the cross term effect. Surprisingly, the new TFD also satisfies most desired TFD properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 483-493 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract An algorithm for the exact computation of the frequency responses of linear interval systems is obtained. For the computation a sectoring stage is added to an elimination algorithm to eliminate interior curves. It is shown that the intersection of a ray and the frequency response set is an empty set or a line segment whose endpoints are extrema of the functions defined. Required mathematical analysis tools for the development of the sectoring algorithm and an illustrative example are provided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 559-574 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The geometric theory of the domain of an ordered pair (F, G) of matrices or the geometry associated with matrix pencils provides a unifying framework for the study of algebraic, dynamic and feedback properties of linear singular systems. The key concepts and tools of the geometry are the notions of the (F, G)-, (G, F)-invariance and a set of subspace sequences. In this paper, an alternative characterization of these sequences is given based on the properties of the partitioned null spaces of appropriate sequences of Toeplitz matrices defined by the (F, G) pair. The results provide a simple procedure for the computation of the limit spaces of these sequences and clearly cover corresponding problems of the singular, implicit systems theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 667-682 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a new concept of narrowband and broadband active noise compression (ANCom) systems which improves the conventional active noise equalization (ANE) technique to meet some practical requirements. By using a variable equalization coefficient, the narrowband ANCom system can automatically switch among the four different operating modes of narrowband ANE, according to the primary noise power. As a result, it can “compress” the narrowband noise into a desired power range when the primary noise power varies drastically. Compared to a conventional broadband ANE system, the novel broadband ANCom system not only has the ability to shape the residual noise power spectrum, but can also compress the residual noise power into a predetermined dynamic range as the narrowband AN-Com does. Theoretical analyses are conducted for both the narrowband ANCom and broadband ANCom systems. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms work well in both static and dynamic situations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 703-708 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The cornerstone of the theory of discrete-space single-input single-output linear systems is the idea that every such system has an input-output mapH that can be represented by a convolution or the familiar generalization of a convolution. This thinking involves an oversight, which, for the case of bounded inputs mapped continuously into bounded outputs, was recently corrected by adding an additional term to the representation. Here we give a more general result that addresses an important larger family of inputs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 737-755 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper the problem of robust stabilizing a linear, time-invariant singular system is studied. The characterization is given in terms ofH ∞-bounded perturbations to the numerator and denominator factors of its normalized left coprime factorization. An optimal stability margin is provided in terms of the definition of the Hankel norm of a singular system. The Hankel norm is computed using two generalized Lyapunov equations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 1-27 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A novel computationally efficient realization of sharp linear-phase finite impulse response (FIR) bandstop filters is proposed. The synthesis scheme for the bandstop filters is derived from variations of the frequency-response-masking technique. Five realization structures are presented in this paper for the synthesis of five different classes of bandstop filters. Approximate expressions for the optimal value of the impulse response up-sampling ratio (M) and the corresponding number of multipliers are derived.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 29-49 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Estimating the covariance sequence of a wide-sense stationary process is of fundamental importance in digital signal processing (DSP). A new method, which makes use of Fourier inversion of the Capon spectral estimates and is referred to as theCapon method, is presented in this paper. It is shown that the Capon power spectral density (PSD) estimator yields an equivalent autoregressive (AR) or autoregressive moving-average (ARMA) process; hence, theexact covariance sequence corresponsing to the Capon spectrum can be computed in a rather convenient way. Also, without much accuracy loss, the computation can be significantly reduced via an approximate Capon method that utilizes the fast Fourier transform (FFT). Using a variety of ARMA signals, we show that Capon covariance estimates are generally better than standard sample covariance estimates and can be used to improve performances in DSP applications that are critically dependent on the accuracy of the covariance sequence estimates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 51-68 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Results in the study of signal processing based on the use of parameter structural modeling (PSM) are presented. First, we introduce a special form of time-series modeling based on signal-dependent building blocks. Such modeling is used in the design of a nestedform transversal structure, known as a composite filter, based on a shift-invariant finite impulse resonse (FIR) as well as infinite impulse response (IIR) building blocks. The newly proposed composite PSM model (CPSM) possesses a unique feature, namely, its ability to suppress one signal of a given structure, while at the same time being ideally transparent to another one. The intrinsic property of this proposed CPSM is its enhanced insensitivity with respect to noise as well as its ability to fast track, in contrast to the commonly used linear line-enhancer based on conventional autoregressive moving average (ARMA), thus leading to a more practically sound processing of short-duration signals. It is shown that the proposed time-series modeling based on CPSM can be effectively applied towards the separation of superimposed signals of heavily overlapping spectra. Next, the parameter-invariant nonlinear structural signal representation based on shift-invariant CPSM is presented. The use of this model in the design of annihilation operators (AO) is described, and composite parameter-free structural modeling (CPFSM) is developed. Based on this model, two canonical forms of the parameter-invariant null filters (PINF) are presented, and their use in the suppression of a given class of signals, independently of the values of theira priori unknown parameters, is illustrated. The paper also presents some simulation examples illustrating the application of the proposed CPSM and CPFSM in solving problems of detection and parameter estimation in the presence of highly non-Gaussian, mainly signal-like interferences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 69-83 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This work is motivated by the need forFaithful digital simulation of cellular neural networks (CNNs) that maintains most of their qualitative properties of stability and convergence. An interconnection of nonlinear digital filters mimicking behaviors of the analog CNNs is proposed, and the main properties are studied in detail. The discrete model obtained is proven to have the same convergence properties as the original analog network. The key to this development is the use of anAppropriate discretization scheme. Our discrete approximation to the nonlinear state-space representation of cellular neural networks is such that the Lyapunov function used to show convergence in analog cellular neural networks is still a Lyapunov function (when appropriately discretized) for our nonlinear digital filter network. This is in contrast to other digital simulations of CNNs, which have not been proven to preserve the convergence properties. The network of nonlinear digital filters so introduced thus adds another item to the catalog of digital filters obtained viaappropriate discretization of analog circuits, e.g., wave digital filters, orthogonal filters, and certain other of their more recently studied nonlinear counterparts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 117-122 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, the problem of blind channel identification and equalization is reviewed, and some recent results are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 137-164 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents in summarizing form a description of halfband filters and the related symmetrical Hilbert transformers. It starts with the two complemetary relations by which halfband filters are defined and the consequences for their impulse responses. The idealized versions of the frequency responses of halfband lowpasses and Hilbert transformers are introduced, and the related tolerance schemes that realized systems must satisfy are described. Using their frequency responses, the transformation of one filter type into the other is presented in general form. The design of finite impulse response (FIR)-halfband filters and their relation to corresponding Hilbert transformers are recalled, using maximally flat and Chebyshev approximations as examples. It is shown that the relation between both types of systems can be used for the infinite impulse response (IIR) case as well. The design of IIR-halfband filters is presented for systems with approximately linear phase and for those with minimum phase again for maximally flat and Chebyshev approximations. The design methods are partly new. The general procedure for the transformation into Hilbert transformers yields noncausal solutions, one of which is already known from the literature. By modifying this operation, phase-splitting systems are obtained, one of them related to corresponding continuous ones, discussed in papers published around 1950. Another system with approximately linear phase corresponds to a paper presented in 1987. Finally, the coupled form of these phase splitting allpasses is found to be a Hilbert transformer with precise phase difference, but with deviations of the magnitudes of the frequency responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 165-193 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The matched field processing (MFP) localization performance of very low frequency (VLF) arrays operated in the deep ocean basins appears to be limited more by uncertainty in the sound velocity profile (SVP) than by low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We present a new robust variation of MFP designed to be less sensitive to velocity error in weakly inhomogeneous environments. We analyze the computational requirements of this and other MFP algorithms. When either the search volume is large of the acoustic array is large, computational efficiency is an issue. We present an efficient MFP implementation for the conventional MFP algorithm and our robust algorithm. We show that parallel implementation of these algorithms may allow real-time performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 219-241 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract By applying results from homotopy theory, new conditions are obtained for the existence and uniqueness of an equilibrium for a class of continuous-time feedback neural networks which contains the Hopfield model as a special case. Next, new criteria are established for the global asymptotic stability of the unique equilibrium of this class of neural networks by utilizing Lur'e-type Lyapunov functions and the stability theory for systems of differential inequalities. Several practical stability testing conditions are given. As a special case, criteria are derived for the global asymptotic stability of Hopfield neural networks. This is followed by a robustness analysis of the class of neural networks considered. The results obtained are then applied to an optimization problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 271-287 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Functional artificial neural networks (FANNs) are artificial neural networks (ANNs) in which the synaptic weights are “functions” rather than numbers. Thus the signals in such networks are analog, and the action of a synapse on a signal passing through it takes place in the form of a scalar product inL 2 between the functional weight and the signal. In this paper, four classes of FANNs are introduced. They result from the solution of a nonparametric optimization problem in a generalized Fock space (GFS) of abstract Volterra series under interpolating or smoothing input-output training data constraints. Two of these classes of FANNs correspond to the interpolating case and are represented by what we call the (two-layer)optimal interpolating (OI) FANN and theoptimal multilayer neural interpolating (OMNI) FANN. The remaining two classes correspond to the smoothing case. We name their representations as the (two-layer)optimal smoothing (OS) FANN and theoptimal smoothing multilayer artificial neural (OSMAN) FANN. In addition to providing the background and the derivation of these FANNs, this paper presents a novel approach to their implementation. This approach does away with the computationally cumbersome use of functional weights. Instead, the effect of these weights is provided by linear time-invariant differential equation models of which those weights are impulse responses. These are implemented by a linear filter bank. This approach thus leads to simple and meaningful causal realizations of FANNs which we call Dynamical FANNs or simply D-FANNs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 243-270 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we study the problem of maximizing an objective function over the discrete set {−1, 1} n using a neural network. It is now known that a binary (two-state) Hopfield network can take, in the worst case, an exponential number of time steps to find even a local maximum of the objective function. In this paper, we carry this argument further by studying theradius of attraction of the global maxima of the objective function. If a binary neural network is used, in general there is no guarantee that a global maximum has a nonzero radius of attraction. In other words, even if the optimization process is started off with the neural network in an initial state that isadjacent to the global maximum, the resulting trajectory of the network may not converge to the nearby maximum, but may instead go off to another maximum. At the same time, another set of recent results shows that, if ananalog neural network is used to optimize the same objective function, thenevery local maximum of the objective function has a nontrivial domain of attraction, and conversely, the only equilibria that are attractive are the local maxima of the objective function. This raises the question as to whether analog neural networks offer some advantages over binary neural networks for optimizing the same objective function. As a motivation for this line of inquiry, we study the problem of decoding an algebraic block code using a neural network. It is shown that the binary neural network implementation has the undesirable property thatall the global maxima of the objective function have azero radius of attraction. In contrast, if an analog neural network is used to maximize exactly the same objective function, the region of attraction of each maximum contains not only the associated “orthant” of the state space, but also some points not in this orthant. In other words, the analog implementation exhibits the desired tolerance to transmission errors, whereas the binary neural network does not have this property. With this motivation, two open questions are posed that provide a program of research for studying the possible superiority of analog neural networks over binary neural networks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 289-304 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract We present a new statistical technique for average power estimation in sequential circuits. Because of the feedback loops, power dissipations of sequential circuits in consecutive clock cycles are temporally correlated. The existence of data correlation makes it unsuitable to apply conventional techniques to average power inference, because the sample variance is no longer a maximum likelihood estimator. The convergence criterion derived from the biased variance estimation will be overly optimistic, causing power simulation to stop prematurely at a lower-than-specified estimation accuracy. To overcome this problem, we propose a systematic approach for modeling the power dissipation behavior of sequential circuits as an autoregressive random process. An accurate process variance can be obtained by the model parameters, which enables the derivation of a robust confidence interval of the average power. The interval is checked for convergence against a user-specified accuracy criterion. An iterative procedure is developed to invoke these steps repeatedly until the convergence specification is met. For a set of benchmark sequential circuits, this technique yields high accuracy and efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 391-400 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a straightforward algebraic method for designing feedback loops in the frequency domain. The emphasis here is on control system design, but the technique is applicable to active filter design as well. The object is to produce a practical analog filter with a minimum of design effort. The algebraic solution to the design problem is presented, and several examples are explored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 471-481 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This correspondence presents a RELAX (RELAXation-based) algorithm for angle, polarization, and waveform estimation of completely polarized narrowband electromagnetic plane waves arriving at a uniform linear co-centered orthogonal loop and dipole (COLD) array. We use numerical examples to demonstrate the performance of the RELAX algorithm for parameter estimation with the COLD array and compare it with the performance of the MODE (Method of Direction Estimation) algorithm. We show that this RELAX algorithm can outperform MODE and yet be computationally faster than MODE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 517-538 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we present a number of image processing applications using coordinate logic filters, which execute coordinate logic operations among the pixels of the image. These filters are very efficient in various 1D, 2D, or higher-dimensional digital signal processing applications, such as noise removal, magnification, opening, closing, skeletonization, and coding, as well as in edge detection, feature extraction, and fractal modeling. In this paper we present some typical image processing applications using coordinate logic filters. The key issue in the coordinate logic analysis of images is the method of fast successive filtering and managing of the residues. The desired processing is achieved by executing only direct logic operations among the pixels of the given image. Coordinate logic filters can be easily and quickly implemented using logic circuits or cellular automata; this is their primary advantage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 591-611 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a new method for the digital modeling of a continuous-time uncertain system and a new method for the digital redesign of a sampled-data uncertain system. The system matrices characterizing the state-space representation of the original uncertain system are assumed to be interval matrices. The Chebyshev quadrature formula together with the interval arithmetic are used for the digital interval modeling, and a dual concept of digital interval modeling is utilized to discretize a predesigned cascaded analog controller for robust digital control of a continuous-time uncertain system. Using the newly developed digital interval models and digitally redesigned controllers, the resulting dynamic states of the digitally controlled sampled-data uncertain systemsare able to closely match those of the originally analogously controlled continuous-time uncertain systems for a relatively longer sampling period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 669-674 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The stochastic likelihood function [(STO)LF] associated with the narrowband signal processing problem can be concentrated with respect to the signal covariance matrix elements and the noise power. Although this is a known fact, no clear-cut derivation of the concentrated (STO)LF appears to be available in the literature. In this short paper we provide a simple, complete proof of the concentrated (STO)LF formula.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 725-734 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract We give bounds on the self-sustained limit cycles in fixed-poin implementations of state-variable-form digital filters having general stable system matrices. These bounds, which are period independent and which concern limit cycles due to quantization errors in physical realizations of digital filters, are given in closed form for second-order sections. A numerical comparison shows that the bounds are smaller than corresponding ones reported in the literature. This is due to our use of real similarity transformations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 787-815 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract We consider the concept reachability for Polynomial Matrix Descriptions (PMDs); i.e., systems of the form ∑: A(ρ)β(t)=B(ρ)u(t),y(t)=C(ρ)β(t), whereρ:=d/dt the differential operator,A(ρ)=A0+A1 ρ+...+ Av ρ v εR r×r[ρ], AiεR r×r,i=0, 1,..., ν ≥ 1 with rank R A v ≤r B(ρ) =B 0+B 1ρ+...+B σρσ εR r×m[ρ], Bi εR r×m,i=0,1,...,σ ≥ 0 C(ρ)=C0+C1 ρ+...+Cσ1 ρ σ1 εR m1×r[ρ],C i εR m1×r ,i=0, 1,..., σ1 ≥ 0, β(t): (0−, ∞) →R r is the pseudostate of (∑),u(t): [0, ∞) →R m is the control input to (∑), and y(t) is the output of the system (∑). Starting from the fact that generalized state space systems, i.e., systems of the form ∑1: Ex(t)=Ax(t)+ Bu(t), y(t)=Cx(t), whereE εR r×r, rank R E 〈r, A εR r×r,B εR r×m,C εR m1×r represent a particular case of PMDs, we generalize various known results regarding the smooth and impulsive solutions of the homogeneous and the nonhomogeneous system (∑1) to the more general case of PMDs (∑). Relying on the above generalizations we develop a theory regarding the reachability of PMDs using time-domain analysis, which takes into account finite and infinite zeros of the matrix A(s)=L.[A(ρ)]. The present analysis extends in a general way many results previously known only for regular and generalized state space systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 445-463 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper proposes a scaling and squaring geometric series method along with the inverse-geometric series method for finding discrete-time (continuous-time) structured uncertain linear models from continuous-time (discrete-time) structured uncertain linear systems. The above methods allow the use of well-developed theorems and algorithms in the discrete-time (continuous-time) domain to indirectly solve the continuous-time (discretetime) domain problems. Moreover, these methods enhance the flexibility in modeling and control of a hybrid composite system. It has been shown that the commonly used bilinear approximation model is a specific class of the proposed geometric series model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 525-538 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Of concern is the undistorted propagation of pulse stress waves in long thin bodies. The primary signals are arbitrarily sharp pulses projected along thex-axis. It will be seen that these pulses travel close to the speed of sound in unbounded media. Secondary pulses follow representing interactive disturbances traveling along they-axis. But the process brings out certain anomalies in circuit realizability requirements. These issues, transmission parameters, and coupling between the various signals are studied in detail. The results are supported by experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 335-360 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we present an improved-tableau polynomial matrix description for analyzing the dynamics of very large scale integrated circuits (VLSIs) and we compare the results with those proposed by Desoer and Gündes. Using this method in conjunction with fractional perturbations and the polynomial left coprime factorization technique, we study the exponential stability of a nominal VLSI and the associated perturbed VLSI, which may be regarded as an interconnected network or multiport, and we present necessary and sufficient conditions for robust exponential stability of the perturbed VLSI in two different ways. Some of these results are similar to those developed by Desoer and Gündes but are given in a much simpler form. Others are extensions of or dual to those given in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 401-419 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A hybrid control system is proposed for regulating an unknown nonlinear plant. The interface between the continuous-state plant and the discrete-event supervisor is designed using a fuzzy logic approach. The fuzzy logic interface partitions the continuous-state space into a finite number of regions. In each region, the original unknown nonlinear plant is approximated by a fuzzy logic-based linear model, then state-feedback controllers are designed for each linear model. A high-level supervisor coordinates (mode switching) the set of closed-loop systems in a stable and safe manner. The stability of the system is studied using nonsmooth Lyapunov functions. For illustration and verification purposes, this technique has been applied to the well-known inverted pendulum balancing problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 449-457 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract For many problems in classification, compensation, adaptivity, identification, and signal processing, results concerning the representation and approximation of nonlinear functions can be of particular interest to engineers. Here we consider a large class of functionsf that map ℝ n into the set of real or complex numbers, and we give bounds on the number of parameters of a certain approximation network so thatf can be approximated to within a prescribed degree of accuracy using an appropriate configuration of the network. We also describe related work in the neural networks literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 575-589 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A discrete chaotic process passed through a linear filter can behave like a stochastic, 1/f process. A stochastic description for 1/f processes is shown to be convenient where high-dimensional nonlinear systems are involved. Linear filtering can hide simple nonlinear, chaotic deterministic dynamics, and a method is presented for recovering these dynamics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 637-652 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The problem of defining denumerable Markov chains by a countable infinity of weighted directed cycles is solved by using suitable Banach spacesl p on cycles and edges. Furthermore, it is showed that the transition probabilities of such chains may be described by Fourier series on orthonormal collections of homologic ingredients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 653-665 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract We consider a large family of approximately-finite-memory causal time-invariant mapsG from an input setS to a set of ℝ-valued functions, with the members of both sets of functions defined on the nonnegative integers, and we give an upper bound on the error in approximating aG using a two-stage structure consisting of a tapped delay line followed by a static neural network. As an application, information is given concerning the long-standing problem of determining the order of a Volterra-series approximation so that a given quality of approximation can be achieved. We also give corresponding results for the approximation of not necessarily causal input-output maps with inputs and outputs that may depend on more than one variable. These results are of interest, for example, in connection with image processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. I 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 103-116 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A synthesis algorithm for a pipelined lattice implementation of cochlea-like digital filters is presented, based upon the properties of real, lossless lattice synthesis of ARMA filters. The algorithm operates on a simplified characterization of elementary lattice sections of degree one or degree two. This leads to a structure that is recursively designed and for which each lattice is precisely implemented by a pair of complex conjugate transmission zeros via Richard's function extractions. Except for zeros of transmission on the unit circle, all other types and multiplicities are allowed. Necessary and sufficient conditions are derived for the degree-two lattices to guarantee computability, i.e., realizability with no delay-free loops. In addition to being suitable for VLSI realization, the structure enables a systematic cochlea assessment from the scattering ear parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 187-211 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper investigates circuit Markov processes under the standpoint of duality principle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 237-254 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, a high resolution technique for estimating DOAs of spatially close source signals is presented. It is observed that the array manifold over a sector of interest is rank deficient and the dimension of the array manifold space, which is the range space of the array manifold, is less than the number of sensors in the array. The true signal subspace is a subspace in the array manifold space. A novel technique is provided that searches for the signal subspace in this array manifold space. The resulting estimated signal subspace has minimum principal angles with the data signal subspace generated by eigen-decomposing the covariance matrix of the array data vector. It is proved that the proposed estimator is asymptotically consistent and the estimated signal subspace is closer to the true signal subspace than the data signal subspace formed by MUSIC. The proposed novel technique has better performance than the MUSIC algorithm. Its performance is comparable to MLE and MD-MUSIC yet it requires only one-dimensional searches and is computationally much less intense. Simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed technique, and comparisons with MUSIC, MLE, and MD-MUSIC algorithms are also included.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 351-400 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract High-level synthesis is becoming increasingly important in the area of VLSI CAD. During the last decade, much research has been carried out in this area and some results have been achieved. This paper presents a survey on the state-of-the-art of current high-level synthesis research and applications. Besides basic knowledge, a comprehensive overview has been conducted among the various theories, methods, algorithms, and applications of the existing systems. Their advantages, limitations, and feasibilities are also described. Finally, some points on current status and future directions of high-level synthesis are addressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 401-414 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper introduces the running kernels that yield recursive structures for time-frequency distributions (TFDs). The running kernels offer important properties not possessed by the commonly used block distribution kernels. The introduced kernels allow an invariance in computations with respect to the extent of the kernel in the time or the lag variable. However, contrary to the wide class of block kernels that satisfy the desired timefrequency (t-f) properties, most recursive (running) time-frequency distributions (RTFDs) violate the marginal and the support properties. This paper considers both the direct and the indirect types of recursion and presents examples for illustration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 465-472 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper the dual topics of robust signal detection and robust estimation of a random variable are considered, where the data may be both dependent and nonstationary. We note that classical saddlepoint techniques for robustness do not readily apply in the dependent and/or nonstationary situation, and thus our results have application in a larger domain than what was feasible heretofore. In addition, our methods make possible the quantitative measurement of robustness and admit essentially arbitrary perturbations in an underlying joint statistical distribution away from the nominal. In particular, our methods show that the presence of dependency can result in a reduction of the robustness of the linear detector by approximately 50% and that appropriate censoring can improve this situation. We also show that, somewhat surprisingly, a weak amount of censoring can actually reduce robustness rather than increase it, even with dependent data that is “almost” independent. This calls into question the common practice, inspired by classical saddlepoint results for independent data, of employing censoring in cases where residual dependency is conceded. When applied to estimation, our work shows that for nominally Gaussian data, the conditional expectation estimator is optimal not only in terms of performance but also robustness (under appropriate performance measures), thus reinforcing the appeal of this estimator. On the other hand, for other performance measures, we also note that the conditional expectation estimator can be completely unrobust, regardless of whether the data is nominally Gaussian or not. Finally, our results establish a bound on estimator robustness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 421-448 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The fundamentals of technology diffusion are introduced in this paper. Mathematical and heuristic (loose) modeling are defined and illustrated with real data. Starting with the embryonic phase, diffusion undergoes growing and mature phases and ends in the aging phase. The cumulative adoption function (of time) denoting the total number of users of a certain product is the output of the diffusion model used to either predict future trends (e.g. sales) or estimate certain model parameters. Problems often encountered in mathematical modeling and analysis are presented. Some of these shortcomings can be alleviated through loose modeling. A case study of mobile telephone diffusion in Finland is presented to illustrate some of the modeling principles and analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 707-724 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Selection of test nodes is an important phase of the fault dictionary approach. It is demonstrated in this paper that the techniques used for this purpose in other approaches of analog fault diagnosis like fault analysis and fault verification are not in general suitable for the fault dictionary approach. The ambiguity set is a simple and effective concept for choosing test nodes in the context of dictionaries. These sets are formed such that each faulty condition lies in only one ambiguity set. Deviating from this thinking, overlapping ambiguity sets are proposed in this paper, giving rise to a generalized fault dictionary. These sets use information more fully and hence reduce the number of test nodes. The concept of hashing is applied in this paper for selecting test nodes. This gives a linear time algorithm (linear in the number of fault voltage specificationsf′) and it isf′ times faster than the existing methods. It is not possible to select test nodes faster than this. This technique can also be used to select test nodes by the process of elimination of nodes. This is also linear inf′ per node elimination. Even a group of nodes can be eliminated or selected within the same computation. This freedom is not possible with the existing methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 689-705 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A major reason for the success of linear autoregressive (AR) modeling is that Kolmogrorov proved that every linear system could be represented by a linear AR model of infinite order. The computation of a finite order AR approximation is, of course, the practical goal. In this paper, we prove that every nonlinear system with a Volterra series expansion can be represented as a nonlinear AR model of infinite order. Our method shows how an approximation to any desired order and degree can be achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 213-236 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents an improved direct control architecture for the on-line learning control of dynamical systems using backpropagation neural networks. The proposed architecture is compared with the other direct control schemes. In this scheme the neural network interconnection strengths are updated based on the output error of the dynamical system directly, rather than using a transformed version of the error employed in other schemes. The ill effects of the controlled dynamics on the on-line updating of the network weights are moderated by including a compensating gain layer. An error feedback is introduced to improve the dynamic response of the control system. Simulation studies are performed using the nonlinear dynamics of an underwater vehicle and the promising results support the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 299-316 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The analysis of initial value problems associated with singular linear dynamic systems using spectral methods is discussed. These methods, though extensively studied in the literature, can be very sensitive to numerical errors and to the presence of noisy input data. Moreover, using piecewise constant functions, like Walsh or Block-Pulse, spectral methods have been shown to be unstable with respect to incorrect initial conditions. In this paper regularization techniques are used to reduce arbitrarily the sensitivity of the spectral methods, and at the same time to stabilize them. Although the regularized spectral methods maintain the structure of the original algorithm, they can also be rewritten in recursive form, leading to the definition of a class of discrete time filters. Finally, some applicative numerical examples are discussed in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 415-425 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A complete solution is given to the problem of determining when a certain iteration will converge to the minimum of an important type of quadratic functional. It is shown that convergence occurs whenever the minimum exists, and that the iterates produced by the iteration will be unbounded for every starting point if the minimum does not exist. Applications are given concerning an adaptive filtering algorithm and nonharmonic series expansions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 587-602 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The least mean square (LMS) algorithm is investigated for stability when implemented with two's complement quantization. The study is restricted to algorithms with periodically varying inputs. Such inputs are common in a variety of applications, and for system identification, they can always be generated as shown with an example. It is shown that the quantized LMS algorithm is just a special case of a quantized periodically shift-varying (PSV) filter. Two different sufficient conditions are obtained for the bounded input bounded output (BIBO) stability of the PSV filter. When the filter is BIBO stable, two different bounds on the filter output are also derived. These conditions and bounds are then applied to the quantized LMS algorithm. The results are illustrated with examples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 603-614 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract An improved version of the Fast Polynomial Transform for the computation of two-dimensional cyclic convolutions is proposed in this paper. This new version of the Fast Polynomial Transform comes from the concept of splitting product-fields and gives more than a 20% to 50% reduction in the numbers of multiplications. An average of 20% improvement on overall computation time compared with the previous approach is also achievable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 653-660 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract An algorithm is presented for the spectrum of experimentally obtained exponentially damped sinusoidal signals. The implementation of this algorithm is straightforward and requires only simple basic mathematical operations. Applications of the algorithm are illustrated by several examples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 675-688 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Exact analysis of second-order sigma-delta modulators with constant input is presented. Some properties of general limit cycles are established. Sufficient conditions for the existence of a general class of limit cycles of the state vectors of the modulator are determined. The conditions interrelate the input, an initial vector, and the period of the limit cycle. Also, sufficient conditions are determined for a class of initial condition vectors to converge to a limit cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 735-747 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A weighted median filter is a nonlinear digital filter consisting of a window of length 2N + 1 and a weight vector W=(W− N,..., W0,..., WN). A root signal of a median type filter is a signal that is invariant to the filter. However, not all weighted median filters possess the convergence property. In this paper, we shall study the root structures and the convergence behavior of a subclass of weighted median filters, calledclass- 1 filters, which is symmetric in its weight vector. We shall introduce an important parameter, calledfeature value, and show that any one-dimensional unappended signal of lengthL will converge to a root signal in at most $$3\left\lceil {\frac{{L - 2}}{{2(2N + 2 - p)}}} \right\rceil$$ passes of aclass −1 filter with window width 2N + 1 and thefeature value p.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 771-786 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A multirate modeling theory of the ARMA stochastic signals is derived from a state-space viewpoint in this work. Its application to the signal reconstruction problem for the recovery of the complete ARMA signal from its noise-corrupted, missing-sample sequence is then developed in detail. The proposed estimation-interpolation problem can be resolved by using the multirate optimal state estimation scheme of this work. Theoretically, the multirate Kalman reconstruction filters derived in this paper produce the minimum variance estimation and interpolation of the original complete, clean ARMA signal. Practically, the numerical examples show that the multirate Kalman reconstruction filters illustrate good estimation/interpolation performances, not only for synthetic ARMA sequences but also for human speech signals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 817-825 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The necessary and sufficient conditions for the invariance of theU-function of a linear time-invariant two-port network under lossless nonreciprocal imbedding are given in terms of the anti-Hermitian property of the immittance matrix of the imbedding network.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 321-334 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract To improve the simulation efficiency of switched circuits, it is advantageous to model their switching devices as short and open circuits. The disadvantage is that such models may cause inconsistent initial conditions (IIC), and Dirac impulses may appear. Conventional simulators do not handle such situations correctly. This paper introduces a new algorithm for analyzing circuits with IIC by a mixed numerical-symbolic method. The method detects the order of the Dirac impulse and also finds the correct initial conditions after switching. It is applicable to nonlinear circuits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 691-702 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract We consider stability properties of discrete-time bilinear filters. Simple sufficient conditions are given for bounded-input bounded-output stability (with not necessarily zero initial conditions),l p stability, and three other important types of stability. In particular, conditions are given under which asymptotically periodic inputs produce asymptotically periodic outputs with the same period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 709-718 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The stability of autoregressive (AR) models is an important issue in many applications such as spectral estimation, simulation of EEG, and synthesis of speech. There are methods for AR parameter estimation that guarantee the stability of the model, that is, all roots of the characteristic polynomial of the model have moduli less than unity. However, in some situations, such as EEG simulation, the models that exhibit roots with almost unit moduli are difficult to use. In this paper we propose a method for estimating AR models that guarantees hyperstability, that is, the moduli of the roots are less than or equal to some arbitrary positive number. The method is based on an iterative minimization scheme in which the associated nonlinear constraints are linearized sequentially.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 733-735 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract We direct attention to a widespread oversight concerning linear systems and superposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 14 (1995), S. 749-770 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The mean-square error (MSE) of Capon estimate of the directions-of-arrival (DOA) is established in the narrowband array processing case. An improved Capon-like DOA estimator is proposed and its MSE is studied as well. Performance comparisons between the standard and improved Capon DOA estimates, and between these two estimates and the linear prediction DOA estimate, are performed. It is concluded that the improved Capon-like method introduced in this paper provides more accurate DOA estimates in most cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. i 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 305-320 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract We first consider causal time-invariant nonlinear input-output maps that take a set of bounded functions into a set of real-valued functions, and we give criteria under which these maps can be uniformly approximated arbitrarily well using a certain structure consisting of a not necessarily linear dynamic part followed by a nonlinear memoryless section that may contain sigmoids or radial basis functions, etc. In our results certain separation conditions of the kind associated with the Stone-Weierstrass theorem play a prominent role. Here they emerge as criteria for approximation, and not just as sufficient conditions under which an approximation exists. As an application of the results, we show that system maps of the type addressed can be uniformly approximated arbitrarily well by doubly finite Volterra-series approximantsif and only if these maps have approximately finite memory and satisfy certain continuity conditions. Corresponding results are then given for (not necessary causal) multivariable input-output maps. Such multivariable maps are of interest in connection with image processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 459-469 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The corner classification approach to neural network training has the excellent capability ofprescriptive learning, where the network weights areprescribed merely by inspection of the training samples. This technique is extremely fast compared to other conventional training techniques such as backpropagation. However, the versions described hitherto have been sensitive to the choice of the radius of generalization. We present here a new and improved corner classification technique that retains the prescriptive learning capability and gives excellent generalization performance. This algorithm could be the basis of the recently introduced neuroscientific notion of “working memory.”
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 495-515 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Concise mathematical models are established for one-dimensional, linear, periodically time-varying digital filters. The three representations considered include linear difference equations, Green's function, and state-space structures. Linear time-invariant equivalent descriptions are then formulated, and from these, for the particular case of a white noise input, various analytical expressions are derived for both the cross-power spectral density functions and cross-correlation functions of the filter's subsampled output. These results are compared and contrasted with similar formulas for a linear time-invariant system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 539-557 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The algorithms developed in this paper rely on cumulants, or higher-order statistics, to eliminate Gaussian noise. A simple relation between the signal model parameters and the cumulant matrices computed from the received signals forms the basis for the development of these algorithms. The block Hankel structure of matrices formed from the cumulant matrices enables the directions of arrival (DOAs) to be estimated using the well-known MUSIC and ESPRIT approaches to DOA estimation. The effectiveness of the methods proposed here is demonstrated by the results of extensive computer simulation studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 613-635 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this two part study, we presented a new design methodology for neural classifiers. The design procedure utilizes a multiclass vector quantization, MVQ, algorithm for information extraction from the training set. The extracted information suffices to specify the hidden layer in a canonical neural network architecture. The extracted information also leads to the specification of neuron inhibition rules and subsequently to the design of the hidden layer to output map. In part I of that study, we focused attention on the MVQ algorithm and how it is used to extract information from a training set. The extracted information is used to directly specify the hidden layer. In part II, we consider the non-simplistic hidden layer to output map design. We note that the MVQ algorithm, as it extracts information, decomposes the design set into disjoint neighborhoods. For each neighborhood we identify subsets of the hidden layer neurons which are significant sensors for the neighborhood. For each subset we construct an output map. Inhibition rules are established to assure that the proper output map is activated. In benchmark simulations, the overall design exhibits performance, to the extent that we are hard pressed to identify bounds on performance, if any.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 683-690 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this paper is to present certain conditions guaranteeing invertibility of a nonlinear operator between normed linear spaces. The idea is to approximate the given operator by an invertible, possibly linear operator, and reduce the problem to the contraction mapping principle. Several theorems of this kind are given, which appear as generalizations of some early results by I.W. Sandberg, and estimates for an “approximate inverse” are established. Finally, introducing certain “invertibility indices,” further sufficient and necessary conditions for invertibility are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 17 (1998), S. 719-731 
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper addresses the controlling chaos problem of a cubic variant for the original Chua's circuit. A conventional input-output transfer function of a linearized system and a nonlinear linearization technique for a nonlinear system are also presented. According to analytical results, at equilibrium, the notion of local phase-minimality of the nonlinear system is equivalent to that of the linear system's transfer function. Our results also demonstrate that the controlled Chua's circuit, while considering a certain state as the system output, is an input-output linearizable minimum-phase system. In addition, nonlinear control laws are derived such that each state asymptotically tracks its corresponding desired trajectory while maintaining the boundedness of all signals inside the system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematics of control, signals, and systems 8 (1995), S. 1-26 
    ISSN: 1435-568X
    Keywords: Extended Kalman filter ; Stability ; Discrete-time nonlinear systems ; Frequency tracking
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The error dynamics of the extended Kalman filter (EKF), employed as an observer for a general nonlinear, stochastic discrete time system, are analyzed. Sufficient conditions for the boundedness of the errors of the EKF are determined. An expression for the bound on the errors is given in terms of the size of the nonlinearities of the system and the error covariance matrices used in the design of the EKF. The results are applied to the design of a stable EKF frequency tracker for a signal with time-varying frequency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematics of control, signals, and systems 8 (1995), S. 82-95 
    ISSN: 1435-568X
    Keywords: Linear systems ; Realization theory ; Polynomial matrix representations ; Continuity of systems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we consider in a behavioral setting the subclass of dis-crete-time, linear, finite-dimensional systems, which can be represented by autoregressive (AR) equations. It will be shown that, with respect to the convergence of all coefficients in an AR representation, there exist continuously dependent input-state-output (i/s/o) representations, under the condition that some specified degree remains constant. This continuous i/s/o representation is given by the Fuhrmann realization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematics of control, signals, and systems 8 (1995), S. 257-278 
    ISSN: 1435-568X
    Keywords: Model reduction ; Rational wavelets ; Matching pursuit ; Least squares ; Infinite-dimensional systems ; Hardy-Sobolev norm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The model approximation of transfer functions using rational wavelets (or molecular decompositions) is considered. By using techniques from Hardy-Sobolev spaces it is shown that Hilbert space methods such as a modified matching-pursuit algorithm and least-squares technique can be employed to obtain good approximations in bothH 2 andH ∞ norms. Several theoretical results are given on rates of convergence when the methods are applied to delay systems and fractional filters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematics of control, signals, and systems 8 (1995), S. 299-333 
    ISSN: 1435-568X
    Keywords: Feedback classification ; Canonical forms ; Singularities ; Affine modules ; Homotopy method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract We consider nonlinear control-affine systems with two inputs evolving on three-dimensional manifolds. We study their local classification under static state feedback. Under the assumption that the control vector fields are independent we give complete classification of generic systems. We prove that out of a “singular” smooth curve a generic control system is either structurally stable and thus equivalent to one of six canonical forms (models) or finitely determined and thus equivalent to one of two canonical forms with real parameters. Moreover, we show that at points of the “singular” curve the system is not finitely determined and we give normal forms containing functional moduli. We also study geometry of singularities, i.e., we describe surfaces, curves, and isolated points where the system admits its canonical forms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematics of control, signals, and systems 8 (1995), S. 352-374 
    ISSN: 1435-568X
    Keywords: Gap metric ; Time-varying systems ; Robust control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The connection between the time-varying gap metric and two-block problems is utilized to obtain criteria for robust stabilization of linear, discretetime, time-varying systems. In particular we give a formula for the optimal minimal angle for a stabilizable linear time-varying system and show that it has a maximally stabilizing controller.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematics of control, signals, and systems 8 (1995), S. 375-389 
    ISSN: 1435-568X
    Keywords: Two-dimensional (2-D) nonhomogeneous random fields ; Total-order ; Wold decomposition ; Purely-indeterministic random fields ; Deterministic random fields ; Evanescent random fields
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Imposing atotal-order on a two-dimensional (2-D) discrete random field induces an orthogonal decomposition of the random field into two components: Apurely-indeterministic field and adeterministic one. The purely-indeterministic component is shown to have a 2-D white-innovations driven moving-average representation. The 2-D deterministic random field can be perfectly predicted from the field's “past” with respect to the imposed total-order definition. The deterministic field is further orthogonally decomposed into anevanescent field, and aremote past field. The evanescent field is generated by the columnto-column innovations of the deterministic field with respect to the imposed nonsymmetrical-half-plane total-ordering definition. The presented decomposition can be obtained with respect to any nonsymmetrical-half-plane total-ordering definition, for which the nonsymmetrical-half-plane boundary line has rational slope.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematics of control, signals, and systems 8 (1995), S. 390-402 
    ISSN: 1435-568X
    Keywords: Discrete-time linear stochastic system ; Stochastic stability ; Markov process ; Robust stability ; Bounded uncertainties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with the robustness of a class of discrete-time linear systems with Markovian jumping parameters and unknown but bounded uncertainties. Assuming that the Markovian jump process (disturbance) has finite state space and that there is complete access to the system's state and its mode, we establish necessary and sufficient conditions for stochastic stability of the autonomous nominal model. We also establish sufficient conditions for robust stability for this class of uncertain systems under matching conditions and with bounded uncertainties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of wireless information networks 2 (1995), S. 83-90 
    ISSN: 1572-8129
    Keywords: Fading channels ; joint source-channel coding ; finite-state channels ; channels with feedback
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of the presence of a feedback channel on the transmission of information was first considered by Shannon, who showed that the capacity of a memoryless channel is not increased by the existence of a feedback link even if the feedback link is noiseless. Later it was shown that the information on a feedback channel can be used to improve considerably the performance of channel coding. In this work we study the transmission of an information source through a fading channel with feedback, modeled by a finite-state channel in the Gilbert-Elliot sense. We show that by employing the feedback information in the quantizer design for this finite-state channel, one can achieve lower overall distortion compared to the case where feedback is not available. The feedback channel is used to estimate the channel state using a hidden Markov model, and a quantizer matched to the channel state is chosen based on this information.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...