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  • Articles  (4,856)
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  • Articles  (4,856)
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  • 1980-1984  (4,198)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SOME ASPECTS OF HANDLING VELOCITY INVERSION AND HIDDEN LAYER PROBLEMS IN SEISMIC REFRACTION WORK (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 30 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: There are two types of masked layers in seismic refraction work: the velocity reversal (low-velocity layer) and the hidden layer (insufficient velocity contrast or layer thickness). On the basis of an analytical formulation of the general case of a masked layer under an overburden of plane and parallel multiple refractors the two limiting cases are discussed: the solution resulting from an uncritical interpretation of the measured time-distance curve and the blind zone solution. Between these two limiting cases there is a variety of possible masked layer solutions. These no-blind zone solutions—as well as the blind zone solution itself—are formulated separately for the velocity inversion and the hidden layer case.For the evaluation of some no-blind zone solution a diagram is presented which can be used for any case of multiple refractors in the overburden of the masked layer. However, it is only for the three- and the four-layer case that a blind zone interpretation by use of diagrams is advisable. Such diagrams are presented together with the basic sets of formulae which contain as parameters only ratios of velocities and layer thicknesses. As the velocity of the masked layer is usually unknown the diagrams are principally constructed to show the dependence on the masked layer velocity. This is useful for estimation of the largest possible error.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1982.tb01336.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    OFFSET CONTINUATION FOR SEISMIC STACKING (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 30 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Wave equation migration techniques have shown the limits of traditional stacking methods with data from tectonically complicated areas. An improved stack can be obtained utilizing the dip-moveout correction technique based on offset continuation. The properties and the limits of the algorithms used are summarized briefly.Several synthetic and real data examples are shown and compared with the results obtained using conventional processing in order to show the focusing effects and the strong improvement in signal-to-noise ratios, both at the stacked and migrated section level. The possibility of exploiting this technique to transform multiple coverage into increased spatial resolution is illustrated with examples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1982.tb01341.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    OPTIMIZATION OF SHORT DIGITAL LINEAR FILTERS FOR INCREASED ACCURACY (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 30 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The accuracy of short length digital linear filter operators can be substantially increased if the sampling interval as well as the abscissa shift are properly adjusted. This may be done by a trial and error process of adjustment of these parameters until the error made by the filter operator, applied to a suitably chosen test function, is smallest.As an illustration of the application of this method, 7-, 11- and 19-point filters for the calculation of Schlumberger apparent resistivity from a known resistivity transform are designed. Errors with the new 7-point filter are seen to be less than those with a 19-point filter of conventional design. The errors with the new 19-point filter are two to three orders of magnitude smaller than those made by the conventional 19-point filter.The new method should provide digital linear operators that allow significant improvements in accuracy for comparable computation efforts, or substantial reduction in computation for comparable accuracy of results, or something of both.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1982.tb01320.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TIME-TO-DEPTH MIGRATION USING WAVEFRONT CURVATURE (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 30 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A well-known technique for the migration of normal-incidence two-way travel-time maps is extended to common-source-point travel-time data. The travel time and the travel-time gradient are used to compute the parameters defining the tangent plane of the reflecting interface. It is also shown how the curvature matrix of the received wavefront can be used to compute the curvature of the reflecting interface. The method is initially derived for common-source-point data and then extended to common-midpoint data.In a three-dimensional medium the wavefront curvature matrix is computed by solving a 2 × 2 symmetric matrix Riccati equation. In a two-dimensional medium and in a medium with constant velocity gradient, the wavefront curvature matrix is computed by solving a scalar Riccati equation and two linear equations. The migration procedures are also simplified.When the velocity function is unknown, the migration procedures cannot be used. An inverse modeling algorithm which simultaneously performs the migration and estimates the velocity function must then be applied. Two different inversion schemes are discussed briefly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1982.tb01305.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AN APPROACH TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF FINE SEDIMENTS BY INDUCED POLARIZATION LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 30 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Time-domain-induced polarization (IP) laboratory measurements were performed on about 200 fine sediment samples with varying water content. The results permitted an analysis of IP properties of clays, loams, silts, and sands.Particular emphasis has been given to the analysis of the chargeability m as a function of lithotype and the water content.By analyzing decay curves, a new parameter was identified. It is a statistically specific characteristic of the lithotype and is independent of the water content. Therefore, it provides a diagnostic parameter for lithotype identification. In association with the values of chargeability and electrical resistivity, this parameter permits a reliable evaluation of water content and yields useful information about the porosity and permeability of the lithotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1982.tb01310.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE MAGNETOTELLURIC IMPEDANCE TENSOR—ITS RANDOM AND BIAS ERRORS (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 30 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Approaches to the reduction of bias in the computation of the elements of the magnetotelluric impedance tensor have been proposed in the past by several authors. In this paper a clear distinction is made between random errors and bias errors. No effort is made to reduce either, but the emphasis is on their estimation. Both types of errors depend critically upon the polarization of the magnetic field. The random error increases with increasing noise-to-signal ratio in the electrical field, and it is rather insensitive to noise in the magnetic field. The bias error increases with increasing noise-to-signal ratio in the magnetic field. Expressions for random errors and maximum bias errors are developed and discussed using a single station set-up. Random errors with a reference station set-up are also calculated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1982.tb01298.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REPLY TO COMMENT BY A. T. BASOKUR (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 30 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1982.tb01303.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A NOTE ON “ASPECTS OF VERTICAL SEISMIC RESOLUTION” BY O. KOEFOED (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 30 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1982.tb01321.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    WAVELET DECONVOLUTION USING A SOURCE SCALING LAW (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 28 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: We present a new method for the extraction and removal of the source wavelet from the reflection seismogram. In contrast to all other methods currently in use, this one does not demand that there be any mathematically convenient relationship between the phase spectrum of the source wavelet and the phase spectrum of the earth impulse response. Instead, it requires a fundamental change in the field technique such that two different seismograms are now generated from each source-receiver pair: the source and receiver locations stay the same, but the source used to generate one seismogram is a scaled version of the source used to generate the other. A scaling law provides the relationship between the two source signatures and permits the earth impulse response to be extracted from the seismograms without any of the usual assumptions about phase.We derive the scaling law for point sources in an homogeneous isotropic medium. Next, we describe a method for the solution of the set of three simultaneous equations and test it rigorously using a variety of synthetic data and two types of synthetic source waveform: damped sine waves and non-minimum-phase air gun waveforms. Finally we demonstrate that this method is stable in the presence of noise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1980.tb01266.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE QUANTITATIVE INTERPRETATION OF DIPOLE SOUNDINGS BY MEANS OF THE RESISTIVITY TRANSFORM FUNCTION (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 28 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: In this paper a theorem is demonstrated which allows—after the introduction of a suitable dipole kernel function or dipole resistivity transform function—to write the apparent resistivity function as an Hankel transformable integral expression.As a practical application of the theorem a procedure of quantitative interpretation of dipole soundings is suggested in which the dipole resistivity transform function obtained after inversion of the original dipole apparent resistivity data is used to control the goodness of the set of layering parameters which have been derived with our previous method of transformation of dipole sounding curves into equivalent Schlumberger diagrams.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1980.tb01271.x
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