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  • Articles  (1,418)
  • Institute of Physics  (986)
  • Cambridge University Press  (227)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (110)
  • Oxford University Press  (95)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Springer Nature
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  • 1980-1984
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  • 1970-1974  (624)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1960-1964  (648)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1935-1939  (146)
  • 1970  (624)
  • 1962  (648)
  • 1937  (146)
  • Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology  (1,081)
  • Sociology  (337)
  • Linguistics and Literary Studies  (203)
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  • Articles  (1,418)
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  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979
  • 1970-1974  (624)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1960-1964  (648)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    WIRTSCHAFTSWACHSTUM UND DIE VERWENDUNG DES ARBEITSPOTENTIALS (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 23 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The present article deals systematically with the objections against the traditional manpower-approach. The result thereof is a catalogue of variably urgent research aims. The wide-spread pessimism concerning the possibilities of methodically extending the manpower-approach thereby turns out to be at least premature. The traditional manpower-approach is very inflexible. It is based on the assumption of a predetermined expansion of final demand and labour productivity and takes coefficients as fixed. This means among other things that political decisions —like determining the teacher/pupil-ratio or the share of research workers among total personnel—cannot be changed. In the article is outlined how to overcome these shortcomings. Allowing for decision margins in dividing up the labour force between the production of consumption- and capital-goods and between education and research poses difficult theoretical and statistical problems; but it does not fundamentally make impossible the application of the manpower-approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1970.tb01046.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PUBLIC GOODS AND THE STABILITY OF FEDERALISM (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 23 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Some federal structures are and have been stable for relatively long periods; others, though apparently stable, are chronically subject to important strains, while others still are either unstable or have ceased to exist as federal entities. In the paper, I develop a limited model of federalism, built on the number and properties of public goods, which appears to account for some of the observable stability features of federal structure. Essentially, the model assumes that when individuals in one jurisdiction do not only passively receive spillovers from other jurisdictions, but react and adjust to them, possibilities of conflict exist which can only be resolved by the creation of the appropriate machinery. It is shown how a change in the number of public goods can affect the outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1970.tb01050.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE DISINTEREST IN FOREIGN AID: AN APPRAISAL (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 23 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: In recent years U. S. foreign appropriations have featured annual reductions which the authors feel reveal what is expected to be a discernible trend for the next few years and a very real manifestation of a newly-expressed disinterest in foreign aid. The reasoning underlying this altered attitude toward foreign aid is examined in relation to the U. S. balance-of-payments, the domestic inflation problem, and private enterprise impetus. Many revisions have been made in the administration of foreign aid to insure a U. S. origin for the real resources imported by the aid receiving country. However, these failed to curb our balance-of-payments problems as well as failed to correct the severe lag in export volume. In an attempt to mitigate domestic inflation, reductions were made in foreign aid appropriations, and preliminary calculations again show this policy to have been ineffective. The most recent disinterest in foreign aid has been generated by those who examined possible alternatives to foreign aid, in particular, the emphasis on private enterprise assuming a more active aid-type role. In summary, the authors advise that this new disinterest has reached proportions sufficient to insure some definite changes in the modus operandi of foreign aid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1970.tb01026.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE FOREIGN EXCHANGE CONSTRAINT TARIFFS AND IMPORT SUBSTITUTION (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 23 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Recent studies have stressed that a foreign exchange constraint can be limiting the rate of output growth in many developing countries. On the basis of a simple constraints model the role of tariffs and related import substitution in relieving a foreign exchange constraint are analyzed. It is first argued that the assumptions necessary for a foreign exchange constraint to be limiting output growth require that the optimal government intervention is through non-uniform exchange rate adjustment implied by trade controls and multiple exchange rates. But, whereas the optimum government intervention is through the establishment of a structure of optimum tariffs and subsidies, such a policy is not feasible in light of data availability and administrative capacity in developing countries. The costs and benefits of a non-optimal intervention through controls are then explored and standards of minimum acceptability of developing countries’ trade policies are established against which actual policy can be compared. It is concluded that trade controls can be used to improve growth performance but only if a number of rigid conditions are met.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1970.tb02561.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SPECULATION IN THE FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE REVISITED (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 23 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article analyzes the exchange speculation in the French franc when the exchange rate was floating in the 1920's to determine both whether speculation was stabilizing or destabilizing, the relationships between speculation and domestic inflation. Speculative behavior is analyzed by comparing changes in the spot rate with changes in the forward rate (adjusted for changes in the money market-interest differential). The impact of speculation on the price level is analyzed by measuring the terms-of-trade effect, the decrease in export prices necessary to generate increased net exports, and the absorption effect, the increase in the current account balance necessary to finance the capital outflow.The comparison of changes in the spot rate and forward exchange rate lead to the conclusion that speculation was destabilizing during much of the 1924-26 period. Only a relative small part of the observed price increases during this period appeared as a result of the terms-of-trade and the absorption effects. However, during the period when speculation was destabilizing, the economy was becoming less liquid; the demand for money was falling. This reduction is attributed to a reaction to speculation against the franc. Both the reduction in demand for money and the speculation against the franc could be attributed to some other factors, especially to political instability. Since the exchange rate depreciated much more rapidly than domestic prices increased, it is concluded that speculation was a trigger rather than a response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1970.tb02560.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ERHALTENE BÜCHER - LIVRES REÇUS BOOKS RECEIVED (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 23 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1970.tb02566.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE DISTRIBUTION OF GAINS IN CUSTOMS UNIONS BETWEEN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A NOTE (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 23 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1970.tb02549.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ERHALTENE BÜCHER — LIVRES RECUS BOOKS RECEIVED (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 23 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1970.tb02554.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FACTOR EFFICIENCY, SUBSTITUTION, AND THE BASIS FOR TRADE: SOME EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 23 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This study provides evidence on the causes of per capita output differences between the United States on the one hand and Britain and Germany on the other. By assuming first-degree homogeneous production functions and using capital data, we find that more than half of such differences were due to capital endowment and the remainder to resource effectiveness in the U. S. -German comparison. In the U. S. -British case resource effectiveness was the main cause. Of at least equal interest was the difference from one industry to another in productivity ratios. This fact casts some doubt on the factor-endowment explanation for international trade, at least so far as manufactures arc concerned. Level of technology, organization, and scale may be causes at least as important for trade in industrial products.Elasticities of substitution between labor and capital were calculated and they were found to be quite small. These were used to check whether actual factor-rental ratios were safely within a range where intensity reversals would not take place for substantial further rental changes. This proved indeed to be the case. A tentative conclusion is therefore that the Heckscher-Ohlin explanation of trade is not called into question so much by shifting of relative factor-intensities as by large domestic inter-industry differences of efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1970.tb02559.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    WHAT ARE ICORs? COMMENT ON A COMMON MISTAKE (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 23 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1970.tb02563.x
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