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  • Articles  (93)
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  • Articles  (93)
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  • Springer  (93)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • De Gruyter
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  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (93)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isothermal crystallization and melting behavior of short carbon fiber reinforced poly(ether ether ketone) composites (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 5 (1998), S. 221-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: PEEK ; Composites ; DSC ; Crystallinity ; Melting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Films of short carbon fiber reinforced poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) composite were formed by compression molding pellets for 10 min at 380 °C under air. A heating stage was used to prepare isothermally treated PEEK composites before DSC scan. The dependence of degree of crystallinity on the heating rate (10–80 °C/min) was investigated for specimens crystallized at different temperatures. The results indicated that 50 °C/min was an optimum heating rate to suppress the reorganization and to avoid the superheating of high crystallinity specimens with the sample weight of 10 mg. The upper peak temperature of double-melting peaks continued to increase with crystallization temperature. This peak temperature was related to the transition from regime II to III. The phenomenon of lower crystallinity and higher melting temperature supports the interpretation that the upper melting peak corresponded to crystals growing during the earlier stage of isothermal crystallization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10965-006-0060-9
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Etudes comparatives et identification des polyethylenes par analyses thermique differentielle et de diffraction des rayons X (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 48 (1997), S. 233-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: DSC ; polyethylenes ; X-ray
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In thermal analysis polyethylenes can be characterized by their melting temperature. With the polyethylene mixtures studied, we obtained the best results during solidification. Crystallization temperature decreased in the order: high density PE, low density PE linear, radical low density PE. Calorimetric measurement of crystallization enthalpies allowed the determination of the composition of each of the polyethylenes, in regenerated and recycled mixtures in relation with the frame of the plastic waste valorisation process. The rate of crystallization obtained from X-ray diffraction spectra of these polymers is function of their volumic mass. A good agreement has been observed between these two techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01979267
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of DSC to characterize structural relaxation in thermosetting polymers (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 49 (1997), S. 79-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: cross-linking degree ; DSC ; enthalpy relaxation ; epoxy resins ; physical aging ; reactive diluent
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Structural relaxation in different epoxy-anhydride and epoxy-diamine resins has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry using annealing and cooling rate experiments. The annealing experiments lead to the determination of enthalpy loss,δH, at an equivalent annealing temperatureT a=T g-20, and for periods of annealing time, ta, between 1 h and 4 months. The variation ofδH with logta, defines a relaxation rate per decade,rrpd, which is very sensitive to changes of the epoxy network. The cooling rate experiments allow the determination of the apparent activation energy,δh *. The effect of the degree of crosslinking, the addition of a reactive diluent, which acts as flexibilizer, and the length of cross-link onrrpd and δh* was studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01987423
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal analysis of polymer networks consisting of different homopolymers (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 49 (1997), S. 149-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: DSC ; heterogeneity in polymer network ; poly(methacrylic acid)-net-poly(oxytetramethylene) ; thermogravimetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract TG and DSC were carried out on PMAA-net-POTM in order to elucidate the relation between the heterogeneity and the thermal changes; moreover, TG and DSC were carried out on PPOTMDM and PMAA to compare the results. The onset temperature in the last stage in the TG curve of PMAA-net-POTM increases as the concentrations of DMF and POTMDM in the polymerization decrease. This is explained in terms of plasticizers effects. A single peak due to fusion of POTM chains appears in the DSC curves of most copolymers. However, it is not seen in the DSC curves of copolymers with high heterogeneity. This is explained in terms of the freezing of POTM chains by frozen heterogeneous moieties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01987433
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of curing behaviour and thermal properties of elastomer-modified bismaleimide resin (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 49 (1997), S. 177-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: bismaleimide resin ; CTBN ; curing behaviour ; DSC ; TG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Bismaleimide resin (Compimide 353) was modified with the liquid elastomer carboxyl-terminated acrylonitrile butadiene (CTBN). The prereaction synthesis and curing of the CTBN-bismaleimide resin is discussed. The structure of the modified resin was identified by IR and NMR spectroscopy. The basic curing mechanism is also discussed. DSC and TG were used to study the curing behaviour and kinetic parameters, viz. the order of reaction, energy of activation and preexponential factor. Adhesive properties such as lap shear strength and peel strength at room temperature and elevated temperature were evaluated and are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01987437
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple melting peak analysis with gel-spun ultra-high molar mass polyethylene (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 49 (1997), S. 343-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: double melting peak ; DSC ; fiber ; polyethylene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The multiple melting peaks observed on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of ultrahigh molar-mass polyethylene fibers (UHMMPE) are analyzed as a function of sample mass. Using modern DSC capable of recognizing single fibers of microgram size, it is shown that the multiple peaks are in part or completely due to sample packing. Loosely packed fibers fill the entire volume of the pan with rather large thermal resistance to heat flow. On melting, the fibers contract and flow to collect ultimately at the bottom of the pan. This process seems to be able to cause an artifact of multistage melting dependent on the properties of the fibers. A method is proposed to greatly reduce, or even eliminate, errors of this type. The crucial elements of the analysis of melting behavior and melting temperature are decreasing the sample size and packing the individual fibers in a proper geometry, or to introduce inert media to enhance heat transport.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01987456
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal properties of a polyimide fiber (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 49 (1997), S. 399-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: DSC ; polyimide fiber ; TMA ; TG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A commercially available polyimide fiber was investigated as a possible precursor for the formation of carbon fibers. The thermal response of the fiber was thoroughly investigated using DSC, TMA and TG. These responses were dependent on the atmosphere and tension during scanning. The fiber was stabilized at high temperatures both in inert and oxidative environments and the effect of these stabilization treatments on the structure and properties of the fiber was carefully followed. During heating, the fiber showed shrinkage tendency at small tensions, but at higher tensions the fibers could be stretched. Among the two environments investigated, air was more effective than nitrogen in getting a more stable fiber.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01987463
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compatibility of tire elastomers using derivative heat flow traces in the glass transition region (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 49 (1997), S. 407-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: compatibility ; covulcanization ; derivative heat flow (δW/δT) ; DSC ; microheterogeneous
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Derivative heat flow curves give much more information about the phase heterogeneity of binary blends composed of NR, SBR and BR elastomers thanT g. In blend compositions, the areas under the derivative heat flow curves appear to be an additive function of the concentration of elastomers in the case of incompatible blends (NR/BR, NR/SBR). They are less than additive for either a partially compatible blend (uncured SBR/BR) or a compatible blend (covulcanized SBR/BR). In the case of 60/40 SBR/BR blends, a DSC (T 0.5) reveals a singleT g, in conformity with the earlier investigators, whereas the derivative heat flow curve shows two peaks (T p) indicating incomplete homogenization of the phases. This is a new observation not mentioned in the published literature. Thus, derivative heat flow traces are likely to provide a unique tool to determine compatibility of elastomers. The study also reveals the importance of sample contact with the DSC pan in quantitative determinations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01987464
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of physical and chemical networks by slow DSC and turbidimetry (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 49 (1997), S. 449-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: DSC ; network ; polyethylene ; turbidimetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Semicrystalline polymers are made of a crystalline phase and of an amorphous phase. Recently, NMR, Raman and FTIR experiments have identified a third phase comprised of defects such as tie-molecules, in the organization of chains. Our investigation of physical gels has led us to believe that by following the heat flow in a very slow temperature ramp (0.05 K min−1), phasechanges, unnoticed in the usual fast ramp, could be detected. These are associated to a physical network strained in the temperature ramp. In order to obtain more information on the network phase, the polymer has been crosslinked The characteristics obtained by slow calorimetry and turbidimetry of the original and modified materials are compared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01987469
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cure characterization of rubber modified epoxy novolacs (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 49 (1997), S. 483-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: carboxyterminated polybutadiene ; DSC ; DMA ; SEM ; toughened epoxy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A new type of toughened epoxy polymer based on epoxy cresol novolac resin (ECN) and carboxy terminated polybutadiene (CTPB) liquid functional rubber has been studied. ECN has been synthesized in the laboratory and CTPB used was also of indigenised origin. Rubber modified epoxies were characterized with the help of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01987475
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