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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    INLINE AND BROADSIDE EM DIPOLE DIPOLE PROFILING OVER A THIN VERTICAL INFINITELY CONDUCTING VEIN (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Master diagrams for electromagnetic responses of nine dipole dipole systems are presented for various depths of a vertical infinitely conducting vein. The YY system gives the minimum anomaly for both the inline and broadside arrays. Among other inline systems, it is difficult to decide the clearcut superiority of one system over the other, whereas the XX system in broadside array gives maximum anomaly.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1973.tb00050.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    PHYSICAL AND COMPUTER MODELING OF INDUCED POLARIZATION (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: The Laboratory of Geophysics of the University of Arizona was presented with an exploration problem by Falconbridge, Ltd. of Canada. Massive mineralized hemispherical “pods” are in the vicinity of a tuff layer of high conductivity and induced polarization response, covered by large thicknesses of resistive volcanics. The initial approach was to utilize electrolytic tank modeling. The extreme resistivity and IP contrasts proved to be difficult to recreate. Two dimensional modeling was attempted next with conductive paper, using copper and silver paint for anomalous masses. This method also proved inadequate. Finally, mathematical equations were solved which could model any arbitrary anomalous body in any steady state electrical field. Plane waves as well as point current sources producing non-plane waves are possible. Finite difference equations were derived for the non-linear partial differential equations under consideration. The equations were solved using a digital computer. Initially, the boundary conditions had to be satisfied at the boundaries of resistivity changes, severely restricting possible geometric shapes for anomalous bodies. The final and successful solution was to apply numerical techniques to obtain solutions of equations which require only that the relative resistivities through the area be specified. The Falconbridge problem and its solution are analyzed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1973.tb00057.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    THIRTY FIFTH MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS, HELD IN BRIGHTON, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th JUNE, 1973 PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1973.tb00036.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    AN INTERPRETATION SYSTEM FOR GEO-ELECTRICAL SOUNDING GRAPHS (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: For the two and three layer cases geo-electrical sounding graphs can be rapidly and accurately evaluated by comparing them with an adequate set of standard model graphs. The variety of model graphs required is reasonably limited and the use of a computer is unnecessary for this type of interpretation.For more than three layers a compilation of model graphs is not possible, because the variety of curves required in practice increases immensely. To evaluate a measured graph under these conditions, a model graph is calculated by computer for an approximately calculated resistivity profile which is determined, for example, by means of the auxiliary point methods. This model graph is then compared with the measured curve, and from the deviation between the curves a new resistivity profile is derived, the model graph of which is calculated for another comparison procedure, etc. This type of interpretation, although exact, is very inconvenient and time-consuming, because there is no simple method by which an improved resistivity profile can be derived from the deviations between a model graph and a measured graph.The aim of this paper is, on the one hand, to give a simple interpretation method, suitable for use during field work, for multi-layer geo-electrical sounding graphs, and, on the other hand, to indicate an automatic evaluation procedure based on these principles, suitable for use by digital computer.This interpretation system is based on the resolution of the kernel function of Stefanescu's integral into partial fractions. The system consists of a calculation method for an arbitrary multi-layer case and a highly accurate approximation method for determining those partial fractions which are important for interpretation. The partial fractions are found by fitting three-layer graphs to a measured curve. Using the roots and coefficients of these partial fractions and simple equations derived from the kernel function of Stefanescu's integral, the thicknesses and resistivities of layers may be directly calculated for successively increasing depths.The system also provides a simple method for the approximative construction of model graphs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1973.tb00039.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    RESISTIVITY TYPE CURVES OVER OUTCROPPING VERTICAL DYKE—I (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: The theoretical horizontal resistivity profiles over an outcropping vertical dyke for various parameters-electrode spacing, vein-width and resistivity contrast—with inline alpha, beta and gamma-Wenner electrode systems are described. The resistivity profiles present a most bewildering variety of shapes as compared to those in resistivity soundings. The analysis of type curves suggests suitable electrode configuration for detection of wide, moderately wide, and thin veins. The negative apparent resistivity values on the gamma anomalies for resistive vein over certain vein-widths of higher positive values of resistivity reflection factor contradict the concept of apparent resistivity hitherto held.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1973.tb00045.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    EXEMPLES D'APPLICATION DE TRAITEMENTS AUTOMATIQUES À L'INTERPRÉTATION DE SONDAGES ELECTRIQUES (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Il est maintenant courant d'employer l'ordinateur pour interpréter les sondages électriques. Cependant, le problème à résoudre en prospection électrique n'admettant pas une solution unique, le but des traitements automatiques consiste simplement à fournir plusieurs hypothèses qui aident à bâtir une interprétation géologique des mesures géophysiques. C'est, d'ailleurs, ce qu'on recherche aussi par la comparaison visuelle des courbes de terrain avec des abaques précalculés. Mais, tandis que l'interprétation manuelle, pour conduire à des solutions qui respectent les mesures faites sur le terrain, exige un temps très long, le traitement automatique fournit immédiatement des solutions compatibles avec les courbes àétudier.Les procédés employés s'adaptent aux divers besoins de la prospection: ils peuvent traiter aussi bien la station isolée que les profils de sondages électriques. C'est ce qu'on se propose de montrer, à l'aide de quelques exemples tirés d'études récentes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1973.tb00044.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    EXPERIENCES WITH AUTOMATIC MAGNETIC INTERPRETATION USING THE THICK PLATE MODEL (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Various experiments are described in designing two-dimensional magnetic interpretation algorithms using computer curve fitting techniques.For a single anomaly the position of the anomaly maximum and the half-width of the anomaly give good initial estimates of the plate position and thickness. A nomogram and formulae for improving these estimates is given. Curves and estimates for the effects of finite depth extent of a plate show the limits, when the lower surface of the plate can be neglected in curve fitting.The combined anomaly of two parallel plates can be separated into partial anomalies with no common points using the horizontal derivative of the anomaly. The changes of the anomaly maxima and changes in anomaly half-widths are studied as a function of plate separation. The position of the maxima and the half-widths can be corrected before applying the one-plate procedure for obtaining initial estimates of plate positions and thicknesses.The performance of standard optimization methods of Powell, Davidon, and Marquardt in improving the values of the plate parameters are compared. The Powell method seems to be the most reliable for both single and multi-plate anomalies. All methods become unacceptably slow when the number of plates is greater than 2 or 3. In these cases feasible interpretation times are obtained using the partial anomalies and sequential parabolic search of the parameter values as tailored specially to the thick plate model.Experiments with three different error norms, the classical least squares, weighted least squares and minimax, show that the first norm gives the best overall performance in automatic interpretation. The behaviour of the classical least squares norm as a function of the plate parameters is also briefly described.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1973.tb00026.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    THREE-DIMENSIONAL SEISMIC MODELING FOR ARBITRARY VELOCITY DISTRIBUTIONS (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: The growing awareness of the significance of three-dimensional interpretation of seismic reflection data carries with it a need for better understanding of the role of the velocity configuration in the production of reflection patterns. Modeling the reflection responses of a simple dipping plane reflector through velocity models of various degrees of complexity demonstrates the importance of overlying velocities in determining the reflection pattern.Modeling is accomplished using a raytracing technique which determines total travel time of the normal incidence raypath through an arbitrary iso-velocity layer model.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1973.tb00031.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A NEW PARAMETER FOR THE INTERPRETATION OF INDUCED POLARIZATION FIELD PROSPECTING (time-domain) (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: In a previous paper it has been shown that we can relate the transient IP electric field Ep, existing in a rock after a step wave of polarizing current, with the steady-state current density Jss during the current step wave as follows: Ep=ρ'Jss.This relation may be interpreted as a generalized Ohm's law, valid in linear cases, in which ρ’(fictitious resistivity) is defined as the product of the true resistivity ρ with the chargeability m.Supposing Ep=—grad Up and applying the divergence condition div Jss= o, one can, for a layered earth, obtain a general expression for the depolarization potential Up as a solution of Laplace's equation ∇2Up= o.Since the mathematical procedure for the solution of this last equation is identical to that used in resistivity problems, we propose now the introduction of an apparent fictitious resistivity ρ'a (defined as the product of the apparent resistivity ρa with the apparent chargeability ma) as a new parameter for the interpretations of IP soundings carried out over layered structures with a common electrode array.The most general expression of ρ'a as a function of the electrode distance turns out to be mathematically identical to the general expression of ρ'a. Therefore it is possible to interpret a ρ'a field curve using the same standard graphs for resistivity prospecting with the usual method of complete curve matching.In this manner a great deal of work is saved since there is no need to construct proper ma graphs for the interpretation of IP soundings, as it has been done up to now.Finally some field examples are reported.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1973.tb00030.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A STUDY ON THE DIRECT INTERPRETATION OF DIPOLE SOUNDING RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENTS OVER LAYERED EARTH (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Dipole sounding resistivity measurements over layered earth can be interpreted directly by adapting the procedure given by Koefoed (1968) for Schlumberger system. To carry out the first step of the interpretation leading to the determination of the raised kernel function, partial resistivity functions for the dipole method are derived and given in the form of standard curves. The second step involving the derivation of layering parameters from the kernel being independent of the electrode configurations remains unaltered. The applicability and limitations of the method are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1973.tb00034.x
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