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1

Digitale Medien

Changing monetary transmission mechanisms within the EU (1998)

Juselius, Katarina

Springer

Empirical economics 23 (1998), S. 455-481

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ISSN: 1435-8921

Schlagwort(e): Key words: Cointegration ; long-run impact ; money demand ; IS ; LM ; monetary policy ; capital liberalization ; JEL classification: C32 ; E41 ; E52

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften

Notizen: Abstract. The paper presents a comparative analysis of monetary transmission mechanisms and changes in them after the “second ERM” in March 1983. The empirical model investigates the determination of money, income, prices, and interest rates in Germany, Denmark, and Italy based on the cointegrated VAR model. It provides empirical results on the macroeconomic effects of joining the ERM and financial deregulation.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001810050031

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2

Digitale Medien

α-Iminohydroxylamine-α-aminonitrone tautomerism: a 1∶1 mixture of two tautomeric forms in crystals of N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-N-phenyl-hydroxylamine (1995)

Gdaniec, Maria ; Sączewski, Franciszek ; Dębowski, Tomasz

Springer

Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 813-821

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ISSN: 1572-8854

Schlagwort(e): Tautomerism ; hydrogen bonding ; crystal structure

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik

Notizen: Abstract Crystals consisting of two distinct chemical entities, tautomers of each other, in exact 1∶1 ratio, have been obtained and their structure determined by X-ray analysis. The crystals of C9H11N3·C9H11N3 are monoclinic,P21/c,a=15.674(3),b=17.085(3),c=13.758(3)Å, β=90.78(2)°,Z=8. There are two hydroxylamine and two aminonitrone molecules in the asymmetric unit. Hydrogen bonds connect those molecules into chiral layers. Layers of opposite chirality alternate andthe crystal is centrosymmetric as a whole. Within those layers chains of tautomers joined by very strong O−H... O and strong N−H... N bonds can be recognized. Proton transfer along those chains with simultaneous rearrangement of π-bonds within the molecules would result in interconversion of tautomers and would affect chirality of the layer.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01671076

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3

Digitale Medien

Dialkylimidazolium-sodium chloroaluminate ternary salt system: phase diagram and crystal structure (1995)

Boon, J. A. ; Carlin, R. T. ; Elias, A. M. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 57-62

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ISSN: 1572-8854

Schlagwort(e): phase diagram ; buffered chloroaluminate ; crystal structure

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik

Notizen: Abstract The phase diagram of the buffered neutral aluminum chloride + 1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazolium chloride + sodium chloride (AlCl3-EMIC-NaCl) ternary melt system can be represented by a binary phase diagram composed of (EMI)AlCl4 and NaAlCl4. In the binary phase diagram, the salts are liquid at, or near, room temperature for a wide range of compositions. At the 1∶1 composition, the congruently melting compound (EMI)(Na)(AlCl4)2 with m.p.=36.7°C is formed. Crystals of this mixed organic-inorganic salt were grown for single crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. The compound crystalizes in the space group $$P\bar 1$$ with lattice parametersa=10.321(1) Å,b=10.895(3) Å,c=9.284(4) Å, α=98.31(2)°, β=100.83(4)°, γ=101.95(3)°. Data collected at −120°C gave final residuals ofR=0.037 andR w=0.045 using 2713 observed reflections. The packing diagram reveals Na+ ion zig-zag chains running along thea-axis with each Na+ surrounded by four AlCl 4 − units, reminiscent of NaAlCl4. The AlCl 4 − ions form a distorted square planar coordination sphere around Na+ at an average Na−Al distance of 3.76(4) Å. Using a sodium ionic radius of 1.16 Å, a new AlCl 4 − ionic radius of 2.60 Å is calculated. This radius is 0.21 Å shorter than the reported thermodynamic radius.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01667037

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4

Digitale Medien

Antifungal copyrine alkaloids: crystal structure of 3-methylsampangine (1995)

Peterson, John R. ; Zjawiony, Jordan K. ; Clark, Alice M. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 223-226

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ISSN: 1572-8854

Schlagwort(e): Antifungal alkaloids ; 3-methylsampangine ; crystal structure

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik

Notizen: Abstract 3-Methylsampangine, C16H10N2O, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c witha=7.260(3),b=10.697(5),c=15.342(6) Å, and β=102.69(4). All nonhydrogen atoms of this potent antifungal agent are planar to within 0.082 Å. The title compound exhibits potentin vitro antifungal activity againstC. neoformans, C. albicans andA. fumigatus.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665173

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5

Digitale Medien

Crystal structure of decacalcium tetrapotassium hexakis (pyrophosphate) nonahydrate (1995)

Mathew, M. ; Ammon, H. L.

Springer

Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 219-222

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ISSN: 1572-8854

Schlagwort(e): Calcium phosphate ; calcium pyrophosphate ; calcium potassium pyrophosphate ; crystal structure ; layer-type structure

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik

Notizen: Abstract The crystal structure of Ca10K4(P2O7)6·9H2O has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystals are hexagonal, space group P63cm witha=11.761(1),c=9.770(1) Å, andZ=1. The structure was refined toR=0.028 andR w=0.037 for 468 reflections withI≥3σ(I). The structure consists of a compact assembly of Ca and P2O7 ions arranged in layers perpendicular to thec-axis in a hexagonal array with relatively large open channels along thec-axis. The K ions and the water molecules are located in these open channels and are disordered.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665172

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6

Digitale Medien

Unusual occurrence of photooxidation of a cage diol (1995)

Bott, Simon G. ; Marchand, Alan P. ; Liu, Zenghui

Springer

Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 295-298

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ISSN: 1572-8854

Schlagwort(e): Cage-diol ; crystal structure ; photooxidation

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik

Notizen: Abstract An unusual photooxidation was noted upon photolytic cage closure of a substituted tricyclo[6.2.1.02.7]undecane-exo, exo-diol. The resultant compound, which may be regarded as a mono-reduced pentacyclo[5.4.0.02,6.03,10.05,9]undecane-8,11-dione, was characterizedvia X-ray crystallography. This species could be reduced to the tricyclo[6.2.1.02,7]undecane-endo, exo-diol under conditions previously shown to be inert for the parent dione.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01796053

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7

Digitale Medien

Crystal and molecular structure of 6,7-benzo-3,4 (1,4-dimethoxy-2,3-naphtho)-1,5-dioxosuberane (1995)

Holt, Elizabeth M. ; Joshi, Balawant S. ; Jiang, Qingping ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 379-382

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ISSN: 1572-8854

Schlagwort(e): Benzonaphthodioxosuberane ; crystal structure ; radermachol

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik

Notizen: Abstract The crystal and molecular structure of the title compound (2) C21H16O4 has been determined by an X-ray analysis, by direct methods from diffractometer data and refined by full-matrix least squares. The compound (2) crystallizes in the space group P21/a, with cell parameters:a=36.432(5),b=5.512(3),c=8.269(5) Å, β=108.0(3)°,z=4,D c =1.397 g/cm−3,R=7.8 for 1136 observed reflections. The conformation of the tetracyclic ring system shows a folding of two planar parts of the carbon skeleton about an axis passing thorough C8 and C16 of the seven membered ring C.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665273

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8

Digitale Medien

Structure of a 1:1 complex between the anthelmintic drug mebendazole and propionic acid (1998)

Caira, Mino R. ; Dekker, Theo G. ; Liebenberg, Wilna

Springer

Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 11-15

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ISSN: 1572-8854

Schlagwort(e): Mebendazole–propionic acid complex ; molecular complex ; crystal structure

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik

Notizen: Abstract Recrystallization of the anthelmintic drug mebendazole from propionic acid yields a 1:1 molecular complex which crystallizes in the triclinic system space group $${P\bar 1}$$ , a = 5.928(2), b = 11.066(2), c = 14.337(6)Å, α = 94.89(3), β = 101.56(3), γ = 96.18(2)°, and Z = 2 complex units in the unit cell. An x-ray diffraction study revealed an R 2 2 (8) hydrogen bonding system in the complex, involving the unprotonated imidazole N and amide N–H function of the drug and the acid carboxylic group. Complex molecules form centrosymmetric dimers by intermolecular N–H···O hydrogen bonding involving the protonated imidazole N atom and the benzoyl O atom of the drug molecule.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021766300133

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9

Digitale Medien

Crystal structure and EPR spectra of glycilglycilglycinocopper(II)bromide sesquihydrate (1998)

Castellano, Eduardo E. ; Piro, Oscar E. ; Casado, Nieves M. C. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 61-68

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ISSN: 1572-8854

Schlagwort(e): Cu(II) complex ; crystal structure ; EPR spectra

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik

Notizen: Abstract The title compound, Cu(glyglygly)Br·1·5H2O, crystallizes in the space group C2/c, with a = 21.468(7), b = 6.716(5), c = 16.166(6) Å, β = 98.39°, and Z = 8. The tripeptide is bonded to one Cu(II) ion through the nitrogen [Cu–N=1.97(1)Å] and oxygen [Cu–O=2.019(8)Å] atoms of the amino end glycine residue and to another Cu(II) through one oxygen atom [Cu–O=1.931(9)Å] of the terminal carboxyl group. This give rise to covalently bonded and infinite ···–Cu–tripeptide–Cu–··· chains. These chains are linked to one another by a network of H-bonds involving the water molecules and bromide ions. The Cu(II) ion is in a distorted tetragonal pyramidal coordination polyhedron. At the corner of the base of the pyramid are the terminal glycine nitrogen and oxygen atoms of one tripeptide, a carboxylic oxygen of another tripeptide and a bromide ion. The fivefold coordination is completed with a water molecule at the top of the pyramid [Cu–Ow=2.286(9)Å]. For all orientations of the applied magnetic field the single crystal EPR spectra display a single anisotropic exchange collapsed resonance without hyperfine structure. Its position was measured in three perpendicular planes and the crystal g-tensor evaluated from the data. This tensor is interpreted in terms of the contributing Cu(II) complexes in the unit cell to deduce the principal values g1 = 2.273, g2 = 2.050 and g3 = 2.131 for the molecular gyromagnetic tensor. We also discuss the magnitude of the exchange interaction between neighboring copper ions in the lattice on the basis of the features in the EPR spectra and the structural information.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021734820606

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10

Digitale Medien

Reaction of 2-methylnaphthalene with hexachlorocyclopentadiene and structural characterization of a new addition-substitution product (1998)

Du, Da-Ming ; Xue, Feng ; Wong, Henry N. C. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 787-790

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ISSN: 1572-8854

Schlagwort(e): 2-Methylnaphthalene ; hexachlorocyclopentadiene ; crystal structure

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik

Notizen: Abstract 2-Methylnaphthalene undergoes Diels-Alder addition and substitution with hexachlorocyclopentadiene to give two products, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,13,13,14,14-dodecachloro-1,4,4a,4b,5,8,8a,12b-octahydro-10-methyl-1,4;5,8-dimethanotriphenylene 1 and 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,13,13,14,14-dodecachloro-1,4,4a,4b,5,8,8a,12b-octahydro-10-(1′,2′,3′,4′,5′-pentachlorocyclopentadienyl)methyl-1,4;5,8-dimethanotriphenylene 2. The molecular structure of 2 has been characterized by X-ray crystallography: C26H9Cl17, monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a = 15.316(3), b = 13.698(3), c = 16.116(3) Å, β = 96.113(3)°, and Z = 4.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021819518557

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