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  • Column liquid chromatography  (183)
  • Springer  (183)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • American Meteorological Society
  • American Physical Society (APS)
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  • Springer  (183)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • American Meteorological Society
  • American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Normal phase separations ; Cyanopropyldimethyl silica ; Chloro-added polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Environmental samples
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Retention characteristics in normal phase HPLC of highly biologically active chloro-added polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were studied. Silica, cyanopropyldimethylsilyl- and aminopropylsilyl- modified stationary phases were investigated. Retention properties of chloroadded PAHs on these phases were shown to be strongly influenced by the number of chloro-additions. This is due to the strong polarity of the methylene carbon at the chloro-addition site. Active silica had a strongly degrading effect on the unstable chloro-added PAHs during separation. Aminopropylsilica did not exhibit sufficient selectivity towards chloro-added PAHs when compared to chlorosubstituted PAHs. Cyanopropyldimethylsilica was shown to be applicable to a group separation of chloro-added and chloro-substituted PAHs. A fast clean-up procedure for chloro-added PAHs in complex samplesis outlined. It involves an initial elimination of more polar substances on a short open column with strongly deactivated silica and a subsequent separation on a cyanopropyldimethylsilyl HPLC column in normal phase mode.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 32 (1991), S. 345-349 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Column packings ; Pore size distribution ; Diffusion and adsorption ; Band broadening
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The complex intraparticle structure typical of chromatographic column packings has been analyzed by use of an equivalent network model which emphasizes pore size distribution and connectivity. Special attention is given as to the way in which diffusion and adsorption interact and display modified peak spreading characteristics according to the morphology of the pore space. This study reveals a very significant increase in the column band broadening over that expected from physical adsorption which can arise from particular distributions of pore sizes. This has implications for designing packings which take advantage of the separating power due to adsorption but do not compromise the resolution of the chromatographic system.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Column-switching ; Determination of triamterene ; Fluorescence detection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A liquid chromatographic method incorporating column-switching and fluorimetric detection for the determination of triamterene in untreated urine, is described. The urine samples (5 μL) were directly introduced onto an Hypersil ODS-C18, 30 μm (20 mm×2.1 mm I.D.) pre-column. Polar urinary compounds were removed by flushing the pre-column with water for 1 min, and the analyte was then switched onto an HP-LiChrospher RP C18,5 μm (125 mm×4mm ID) analytical column using an acetonitrile/phosphate buffer gradient elution. Fluorescence detection was performed at 230 nm excitation and 430 nm emission wavelengths. The recovery of drug was 102±2% in the 0.10–20.0 μg/mL concentration range, the limit of detection being 5 ng/mL. A validation of the usefulness of this procedure was accomplished by analysing urine extracts obtained from real samples.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Characterization of reversed phases ; Column hydrophobicity ; Column hydrophylicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The validity of a method for characterizing stationary phases for reversed-phase, liquid chromatography, based on the use of homologous series, has been evaluated. The method is based on a retention model which describes the dependence of the logarithm of the capacity factor on mobile phase composition and the carbon number of specific homologous series. A first-order as well as a second-order version of this model was investigated. The second-order model proved to be a significant improvement on the first-order model, even for smaller mobile-phase ranges. Nevertheless both models showed a significant lack of fit, reflecting the incompleteness of these models. Therefore, it is very questionable whether this method is suitable to describe HPLC-column characteristics like hydrophobicity and hydrophylicity.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Copoly(styrene/acrylonitrile) ; Gradient elution ; Precipitation chromatography of polymers ; Solubility of polymers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Copolymers from styrene and acrylonitrile could be separated according to composition by gradient elution through methanol after injection inton-heptane and sudden addition of 50, 60, or 70 vol% tetrahydrofuran. The peak sequence was the same as with a common binary gradientn-heptane/tetrahydrofuran, i.e., retention increased with acrylonitrile content of the samples. With copolymers containing 37, 31, or 26% acrylonitrile, the elution characteristics in the ternary systems could be logically extrapolated towards the points measured in the corresponding binary gradient system.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Chiral recognition ; Aminoalkylphosphonic acid derivatives ; β-cyclodextrin bonded phases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An acetylated β-cyclodextrin column was used to analyse the enantiomeric resolution of a number of aminophosphonic acids. Effects of the structure of these compounds on the extent of separation was examined. Molecular modelling studies were also carried out in an attempt to relate any interaction between the amino and phosphonic acid groups to chiral recognition by the stationary phase.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Chiral separation ; Association constants ; Frontal analysis ; Cyclodextrin bonded-phases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The interaction between cyclodextrin and the drug (1R,2S,3S,4S)-(5Z)-7-(3-((phenylsulfonyl)amino)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl)hept-5-enoic acid ((+)-S-145), was studied using α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrin bonded-phase columns. Retention behavior of (+)-S-145 on these columns revealed that the strength of inclusion was β→γ→α-cyclodextrin. Interaction between β-cyclodextrin and (+)-S-145 was found to increase as the proportion of carboxylic ion in the (+)-S-145 molecule increased. Comparison of binding capacities of these bondedsilica gels obtained by frontal analysis and surface coverage indicated that availability of the immobilized β- and γ-cyclodextrin was 20–25%. The synthesized β-cyclodextrin bonded-phase column was superior to that of commercial columns in terms of chiral separation of (±)-S-145. A typical usage of the β-cyclodextrin column is discussed for separation of (±)-S-145 in plasma samples.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols ; Aqueous derivatization ; Phthalic acid monoesters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Determination of primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols in aqueous and nonaqueous solutions by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is described. The alcohol is derivatized with phthalic anhydride to yield the corresponding monophthalate. Separation of the derivative is achieved on an ODS-10 reverse phase (RP) column by elution with an appropriate isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile and aqueous phosphoric acid (0.1%). Detection is accomplished by UV absorption at 230 nm or 280 nm giving linear calibration plots, for alcohols in aqueous solution from 0.05% to 0.50% (w/v) and in pyridine solution from 0.0025% to 0.0250% (w/v).
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Hybrid mobile phases containing alcohols ; Solute-micelle association constants ; Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The interaction between some polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons of environmental concern, and sodium dodecylsulphate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in the presence of methanol, 2-propanol and n-butanol has been evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography using micellar mobile phases. Solute-micelle association constants have been determined for the compounds investigated. The results show that the addition of the alcohol to the mobile phase decreases the association constant values, methanol 〈2-propanol 〈n-butanol, relative to those in the absence of any additive.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 38 (1994), S. 571-578 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Wine ; Biogenic amines ; Solid-phase extraction ; Derivatization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A method suitable for the determination of 19 biogenic amines in wine has been developed. The method involves derivatization of amines by treatment with dansyl chloride and solid-phase extraction of the derivatives. Prior to the derivatization procedure, clean-up of the wine sample with polyvinylpyrrolidone is carried out. Reversed-phase gradient elution HPLC with UV detection at 250 nm was used to determine these compounds. Some consideration was given to the effect of temperature on the separation process. Linearity of derivatization was obtained for amounts of all the biogenic amines ranging from 500 μg·L−1 to 20 mg·L−1. Limits of detection (signal-to-noise ratio=3) of the amines were similar for all the dansylderivatives (between 50 and 150 μg·L−1). Addition of standard amines was used for the determination of amine recoveries. These were better than 85% for ethanolamine, tryptamine, phenetylamine, putrescine, cadaverine and histamine. The overall process was succesfully applied to identify and quantify biogenic amines in white and red wines.
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