ALBERT

Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Procedia Environmental Sciences, Volume 6 Cat Downy, Sarah Cornell

Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Procedia Environmental Sciences, Volume 11, Part B Shuzhou Wang, Bo Meng Neural networks with good nonlinear mapping abilities can be applied to build simulation model of helicopter. But they have some difficulties such as hardness of selecting network structure, slow convergence speed, local minimum, and over-fitting. To avoid above problems, a modeling method for dynamic nonlinear system based on support vector machine was proposed. This method was applied to build simulation model of helicopter. Compared with neural network model, SVM model possess some advantages such as simple structure, fast convergence speed and high generalization ability.

Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Procedia Environmental Sciences, Volume 10, Part C Xu Shujian, Wang Tao The grain size records of loess-paleosol deposit in China are some of the most important terrestrial records of the Quaternary. It systematically carried out fieldwork on loess profile of Tuoji Island on Miaodao Islands and Changyi profile on the Laizhou Bay plain, analyzed grain size of 220 and 86 samples respectively. It shows the grain size of loess in Tuoji Island profile coarser than Changyi profile. The environment-sensitive size fractions of Tuoji Island and Changyi loess section respectively are 89.1-100.0colonm and 70.8-79.4colonm, by analyzing grain-size class vs. standard deviation values method. The changes of grain size characteristics of loess-paleosol recorded in different sections implicated the much plentiful materials in the Changyi profile on Laizhou Bay plain than Tuoji profile on Miaodao Islands.

Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Procedia Environmental Sciences, Volume 11, Part C Zhiming Fang, Xiaochun Li This paper presents a preliminary assessment of the potential for CO2 geological storage in Chongqing, China. Currently, there are about 116 large stationary CO2 point emission sources which emit 85.57 MtCO2/yr totally. These stationary sources are mainly belonged to four industries: cement, power plant, iron & steel and synthetic ammonia industries. In the three kinds of geological storage formations, namely, deep saline formations (DSFs), unmineable coalbeds and depleted gas fields, the total basin-scale theoretical storage capacities of CO2 reach 24.36 Gt, equivalent to about 285 times of the annual total CO2 emissions in Chongqing. The DSFs have the largest potential storage capacity accounting for 98% of the total storage capacities. The matching results between CO2 point emission sources and candidate geological storage formations show that 94.8% of the point emission sources (accounting for 97.1% of annual total emissions) can find at least one candidate geological storage formation in its adjacent areas. This means that, for Chongqing, the CO2 transport cost is likely very low. The research findings indicate that there is great potential for CO2 geological storage technology to deploy in Chongqing and for this technology to deliver profound and sustaining impacts on reducing CO2 emissions and developing low-carbon economy in Chongqing. This preliminary study is expected to stimulate more researches, critical thinking and policy actions to promote positive measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions so as to mitigate the impact of global climate change, as well as to set a good example for other regions in China.

Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Procedia Environmental Sciences, Volume 7 M.D. Ruiz-Medina, R.M. Espejo Montes Functional Statistics provides a suitable framework for the analysis of large dimensional data sets. In this paper, we consider the spatial autoregressive functional series (SARH(1)) framework. This framework allows the incorporation of spatial interaction to the statistical analysis of functional data (see Ruiz-Medina [1] , [2] ). The SARH(1) model is fitted to the average ocean temporal temperature profiles, collected in different spatial locations, during the years 1998, 1999 and 2000. We have used the public oceanographic bio-optical database, The World-wide Ocean Optics Database (WOOD). The SARH(1) plug-in extrapolator is then computed, from the previously derived infinite-dimensional projection parameter estimator.

Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Procedia Environmental Sciences, Volume 3 Fabio Sigrist, Hans R. Künsch, Werner A. Stahel A spatio-temporal model for precipitation is presented. It is assumed that precipitation follows a censored and power-transformed normal distribution. Through a regression term, precipitation is linked to covariates. Spatial and temporal dependencies are accounted for by a latent Gaussian variable that follows a Markovian temporal evolution combined with spatially correlated innovations. Such a specification allows for nonseparable covariances in space and time. Further, the Markovian structure yields computational efficiency and it exploits in a natural way the unidirectional flow of time. In addition, the model is space as well as time resolution consistent. The model is applied to three-hourly Swiss rainfall data, collected at 26 stations.

Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Procedia Environmental Sciences, Volume 11, Part B Shuzhou Wang, Bo Meng Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a new modeling method. It has shown good performance in many field and mostly outperformed neural networks. The parameter selection should to be done before training SVM. Modified particle swarm optimization (POS) was adpoted to select parameters of SVM. It is shown by simulation that the modified POS algorithm can derive a set of optimal parameters of SVM. Compared with neural networks, SVM model possess some advantages such as simple structure, fast convergence speed with high generalization ability.

Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Procedia Environmental Sciences, Volume 11, Part A Li Xiaonian, Zhu Yi, Zhang Fuhao, Liu Xiaodong According to domestic and foreign rural geographic information system construction, this article points out the problems of domestic new socialist countryside construction. Combined with the reality of Xinjiang new socialist countryside construction, it has constructed the geographic information platform of new socialist countryside comprehensive services, which is easier to realize farmland protection, cadastre management, central village plan and many other basic services in rural areas, and provided reliable and real-time information technology services for Xinjiang new socialist countryside construction.

Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Procedia Environmental Sciences, Volume 9 Lino José Alvarez-Vázquez, Aurea Martínez, Miguel Ernesto Vázquez-Méndez, Miguel Angel Vilar The main objective of this work is showing how numerical simulation and optimal control theory can be useful tools in practical ecological engineering. We take attention into diadromous fish (salmon, trout, eel…) and their river migrations, and particularly, we focus on fishways, hydraulic structures that enable fish to overcome stream obstructions as dams or weirs. We use mathematical modelling to formulate the problems of design and management of a fishway providing a good hydraulic performance for fish. By solving these problems for a standard vertical slot fishway, we can observe that controlling the flux of inflow water is a useful technique for the management of an already built fishway, but a correct shape design is mandatory in order to guarantee a correct hydraulic performance, especially for a new fishway.

Description: Publication year: 2011 Source: Procedia Environmental Sciences, Volume 5 Dacheng Liu, Ning Li, Xianchun Tan, Xiaoou Yang, Li Wang, Jianbing Liu Chinese government committed to reducing carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40% to 45% by 2020. As the capital and one of the biggest cites, Beijing expected to both keep higher GDP growth than average and cut unit GDP carbon emission, and has to adjust the relevant energy strategy in near future. The paper analysis the characteristics of energy supply and energy consumption in Beijing, and setups the economic-energy-environment-oriented reference energy system (RES), selects MARKAL as the optimal model and constructs districted multi-period linear programming matrix, which including 15 energy carriers, 4 energy processes, 17 energy conversions, and 18 energy end-use sets. Furthermore, the paper designs 11 scenarios in various pollute emission restrictions, and establishes the total economic cost as the optimize target, the low-carbon emission as main restriction, to obtain the suitable energy supply structure and end-use technology structure. At last, we have the conclusion that Beijing can attach the demands of cutting carbon emissions per unit of GDP by 45% under the scheduled GDP growth.