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  • Articles  (89)
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (87)
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  • Articles  (89)
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (87)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Eisenia fetida ; Enchytraeus albidus ; Competition experiment ; Temperature ; Moisture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study was to investigate the environmental requirements of Eisenia fetida (Lumbricidae) and its relation to Enchytraeus albidus (Enchytraeidae). Specimens of Eisenia fetida were cultured at two different temperatures (15°C and 25°C) and moisture conditions (50% and 80%) in presence or absence of Enchytraeus albidus. Eisenia fetida grew best at the higher temperature and amount of moisture. Enchytraeus albidus impaired the growth of Eisenia fetida at the higher temperature. When Enchytraeus albidus was present, the mortality of Eisenia fetida increased. Interaction between Eisenia fetida and Enchytraeus albidus was shown, although the mechanisms remain unclear. These species, coexisting in the same habitat (compost), appear to have slightly different niches: Eisenia fetida favours warmer, moister conditions than Enchytraeus albidus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 2 (1987), S. 123-127 
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Cassava ; Starch ; Amylase ; Bacteria ; Temperature ; pH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Fermentation of cassava tubers was accompanied by a gradual decrease in pH, increased amylase activity in the steep liquor, and increased microbial load and lactic acid concentration. Amylase-producing bacterial strains associated with cassava fermentation were isolated and identified asBacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis andBacillus cereus. The pH optima for the partially purified enzymes of these organisms were 7.0, 5.5 and 7.5, whilst their temperature optima were 30, 37 and 80°C. There was no significant difference in amylase activities when starch, dextrin, amylopectin, glucose and maltose were used as growth substrates.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2002-11-02
    Description: The interaction of climate and the timing of low tides along the West Coast of the United States creates a complex mosaic of thermal environments, in which northern sites can be more thermally stressful than southern sites. Thus, climate change may not lead to a poleward shift in the distribution of intertidal organisms, as has been proposed, but instead will likely cause localized extinctions at a series of "hot spots." Patterns of exposure to extreme climatic conditions are temporally variable, and tidal predictions suggest that in the next 3 to 5 years "hot spots" are likely to appear at several northern sites.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Helmuth, Brian -- Harley, Christopher D G -- Halpin, Patricia M -- O'Donnell, Michael -- Hofmann, Gretchen E -- Blanchette, Carol A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Nov 1;298(5595):1015-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of South Carolina, Department of Biological Sciences and Marine Sciences Program, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. helmuth@biol.sc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12411702" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bivalvia/*physiology ; *Body Temperature ; *Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Geography ; Pacific Ocean ; Pacific States ; Seasons ; *Seawater ; Temperature ; *Water Movements
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2002-04-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Winograd, Isaac J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 5;296(5565):7 discussion 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉U.S. Geological Survey, 432 National Center, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, VA 20192, USA. ijwinogr@usgs.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11934990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: California ; *Climate ; Geologic Sediments ; Ice ; Nevada ; Oceans and Seas ; Oxygen Isotopes ; Seawater ; Temperature ; Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2002-04-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schrag, Daniel P -- Linsley, Braddock K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 12;296(5566):277-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Geochemical Oceanography, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. schrag@eps.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11951026" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/analysis ; Calcium Carbonate/*chemistry ; Chemical Precipitation ; Climate ; Cnidaria/*chemistry/growth & development/physiology ; Eukaryota/*physiology ; Oceans and Seas ; Photosynthesis ; Seasons ; *Seawater ; Strontium/analysis ; *Symbiosis ; Temperature ; Time ; *Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2002-06-08
    Description: The inferred crystallographic class of circumstellar silicon carbide based on astronomical infrared spectra is controversial. We have directly determined the polytype distribution of circumstellar SiC from transmission electron microscopy of presolar silicon carbide from the Murchison carbonaceous meteorite. Only two polytypes (of a possible several hundred) were observed: cubic 3C and hexagonal 2H silicon carbide and their intergrowths. We conclude that this structural simplicity is a direct consequence of the low pressures in circumstellar outflows and the corresponding low silicon carbide condensation temperatures.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Daulton, T L -- Bernatowicz, T J -- Lewis, R S -- Messenger, S -- Stadermann, F J -- Amari, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jun 7;296(5574):1852-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL, 60439-4838, USA. tdaulton@nrlssc.navy.mil〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12052956" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomical Phenomena ; *Astronomy ; Carbon Compounds, Inorganic/*analysis ; *Meteoroids ; Microscopy, Electron ; Pressure ; Silicon Compounds/*analysis ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2002-05-23
    Description: Mechanical and thermal cues stimulate a specialized group of sensory neurons that terminate in the skin. Three members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of channels are expressed in subsets of these neurons and are activated at distinct physiological temperatures. Here, we describe the cloning and characterization of a novel thermosensitive TRP channel. TRPV3 has a unique threshold: It is activated at innocuous (warm) temperatures and shows an increased response at noxious temperatures. TRPV3 is specifically expressed in keratinocytes; hence, skin cells are capable of detecting heat via molecules similar to those in heat-sensing neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peier, Andrea M -- Reeve, Alison J -- Andersson, David A -- Moqrich, Aziz -- Earley, Taryn J -- Hergarden, Anne C -- Story, Gina M -- Colley, Sian -- Hogenesch, John B -- McIntyre, Peter -- Bevan, Stuart -- Patapoutian, Ardem -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jun 14;296(5575):2046-9. Epub 2002 May 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12016205" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Blotting, Northern ; CHO Cells ; Capsaicin/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; *Cation Transport Proteins ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cricetinae ; Epidermis/cytology/innervation/metabolism ; Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism ; *Hot Temperature ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Ion Channels/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Keratinocytes/*metabolism ; Membrane Potentials ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nerve Endings/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Ruthenium Red/pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; Spinal Cord/metabolism ; TRPV Cation Channels ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2002-05-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bostanci, Adam -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 10;296(5570):1000-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12004093" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; *Decapodiformes/physiology ; Falkland Islands ; *Fisheries ; Forecasting ; Models, Biological ; Seawater ; Temperature ; Water Movements
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2002-01-26
    Description: The pack ice of Earth's polar oceans appears to be frozen white desert, devoid of life. However, beneath the snow lies a unique habitat for a group of bacteria and microscopic plants and animals that are encased in an ice matrix at low temperatures and light levels, with the only liquid being pockets of concentrated brines. Survival in these conditions requires a complex suite of physiological and metabolic adaptations, but sea-ice organisms thrive in the ice, and their prolific growth ensures they play a fundamental role in polar ecosystems. Apart from their ecological importance, the bacterial and algae species found in sea ice have become the focus for novel biotechnology, as well as being considered proxies for possible life forms on ice-covered extraterrestrial bodies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thomas, D N -- Dieckmann, G S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jan 25;295(5555):641-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Ocean Sciences, University of Wales-Bangor, Menai Bridge, Anglesey, UK, LL59 5EY. d.thomas@bangor.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11809961" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antarctic Regions ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Biotechnology ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Eukaryota/*physiology ; Exobiology ; Freezing ; *Ice ; Light ; *Seawater/microbiology ; Sodium Chloride ; Temperature ; Ultraviolet Rays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2002-10-26
    Description: The insulin/IGF-1 (where IGF-1 is insulin-like growth factor-1) signaling pathway influences longevity, reproduction, and diapause in many organisms. Because of the fundamental importance of this system in animal physiology, we asked when during the animal's life it is required to regulate these different processes. We find that in Caenorhabditis elegans, the pathway acts during adulthood, to relatively advanced ages, to influence aging. In contrast, it regulates diapause during development. In addition, the pathway controls longevity and reproduction independently of one another. Together our findings show that life-span regulation can be dissociated temporally from phenotypes that might seem to decrease the quality of life.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dillin, Andrew -- Crawford, Douglas K -- Kenyon, Cynthia -- 5RO1AG11816/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 25;298(5594):830-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0448, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12399591" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/growth & development/metabolism/*physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/physiology ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Insulin/*physiology ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/*physiology ; Life Cycle Stages/physiology ; Longevity ; Mutation ; Oxidative Stress ; RNA Helicases/genetics/physiology ; RNA Interference ; Receptor, Insulin/genetics/*physiology ; Reproduction ; *Signal Transduction ; Temperature ; Transcription Factors/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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