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  • Articles  (10)
  • Collembola  (10)
  • Springer  (10)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • International Union of Crystallography
  • Springer Nature
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  • Articles  (10)
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  • Springer  (10)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • International Union of Crystallography
  • Springer Nature
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  • 2020-2024
  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applications of microarthropod life-history tactics in nature management and ecotoxicology (1995)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 19 (1995), S. 75-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Acari ; Collembola ; Ecotoxicology ; Nature management ; Litterbags
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Examples of the practical use of microarthropod life-history tactics in nature management and ecotoxicology were selected. A key to the tactics was developed to facilitate the use of the life-history tactics. Examples of the microarthropod distribution over these tacties were selected from a forest, a grassland, and a salt marsh. The process of decomposition of grass leaves in litterbags was described using life-history tactic diagrams. The effects of various disturbances were described in terms of shifts in the distribution of life-history tactics of species. Irregular unpredictable disturbances lead to an increased representation of phoresy tactics. Regular disturbances lead to an increased representation of synchronization tactics. Permanent and persistent pollution, finally, leads to an increased representation of tactics with thelytokous reproduction. The consequences of the latter for ecotoxicology were examined. It was concluded that microarthropod life-history tactics meet the criteria described, permitting comparisons between effects of management measures and pollution in different biotopes and countries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336351
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of agricultural traffic and crop management on collembola and microbial biomass in arable soil (1995)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 19 (1995), S. 159-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Collembola ; Microbial biomass ; Soil compaction ; Crop rotation ; Arable soil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Collembola and microbial biomass C were investigated in a field experiment with controlled agricultural traffic and crop rotation over a period of 27 months. The wheel-induced compactive efforts were applied according to management practices within the crop rotation of sugar beet, winter wheat, and winter barley. Increasing wheel traffic produced increasing soil compaction, mainly due to a reduction in surface soil porosity. Increasing soil compaction was accompanied by a decrease in microbial biomass C and the density of collembola. The influence of soil compaction on microbial biomass C was smaller than that of the standing crop. However, for collembola, especially euedaphic species, a reduction in pore space appeared to be of more importance than the effects of a standing crop. Within the crop rotation, microbial biomass C and the density of collembola increased in the order sugar beet, winter wheat, and winter barley.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336153
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grazing preferences of some collembola for endomycorrhizal fungi (1995)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 19 (1995), S. 266-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Collembola ; Colour-marked food ; Food selection ; Soil fungi ; Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The ability of five collembolan species to distinguish and graze selectively on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) has been verified. Four species preferred the food infected by VAM fungi. All collembolan species showed more of less significant preferences for one species/isolate of the VAM fungi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336171
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of green manure on the distribution of collembola in a permanent row crop (1995)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 19 (1995), S. 303-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Collembola ; Hops ; Green manure ; Water content ; Bulk density
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Biomass, abundance, species composition of collembola, soil water content, and bulk density were investigated in four hop fields in Southern Bavaria. For each soil type, one field was supplied only with mineral fertilizers, and the second was additionally cultivated with underseed (oil-seed rape) to provide a green manure. Soils within and between rows were sampled separately over 2 years. The highest biomass of collembola was found in the sandy soil with underseed, whereas the individual numbers were highest in the loamy soil with underseed. In many cases total individual numbers and abundances of single species differed between soil types, green manure/mineral fertilization, and the sampling points (plant rows/rows between the plants). There were significant but low negative correlations between individual numbers of single species and water content (except for Isotomurus palustris) or bulk density. All results of this study were based on very common, widespread species. It is concluded that species abundances of collembola, even if they are euryoecious, are good indicators of soil type and different environmental conditions within the same soil type. The investigation of abundance and biomass showed that none of these parameters on its own was appropriate to compare populations either between or within the habitats investigated. Since both individual numbers and the standing crop of a population are important for nutrient turnover, in studies dealing with element fluxes their comparative analysis is indispensable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336099
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colour-marking in experiments on food selection with Collembola (1990)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 9 (1990), S. 203-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Collembola ; Colour-marked food ; Fungi ; Soil fauna ; Food selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A laboratory method was developed for colour-marking different food types ingested by several slightly pigmented or unpigmented species of Collembola. After feeding Collembola on food marked with food-colouring, the gut contents of the animals appeared coloured. Thus, it was possible to accurately relate the tested animals to the differently stained types of food, irrespective of the location of the animals at the moment of observation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335809
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Karyotype differentiation and chromosomal variability in springtails (Collembola, Insecta) (1990)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 9 (1990), S. 119-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Collembola ; Chromosome numbers ; Karyotype evolution ; Chromosome banding ; Chromosomal polymophisms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Karyological studies in the mitotic complements of arthropleonic springtails (Collembola) were carried out, applying chromosome-banding techniques (Giemsa C banding) for the first time. These techniques provide important indications on karyological variability and the genetic heterogeneity of local populations. Karyotype architecture may be of taxonomic significance at the species level. Chromosomal studies in various populations of the group Onychiurus armatus (Tullb.) high-light the importance of future karyological studies, especially in taxonomically complicated groups. New chromsome counts for 29 species of Collembola are presented. In 32 species karyotype morphology was analysed in detail. Acrocentric chromosomes were found to be an essential feature of karyotype evolution in Collembola. Generally, primitive taxa show a higher proportion of acrocentrics than more evolved species. For both Poduromorpha and Entomobryomorpha, ancestral karyotypes with only acrocentric chromosomes are postulated. The most primitive karyotype found in the Poduromorpha (Ceratophysella bengtssoni, n=7) consists of one metacentric and six acrocentric chromosomes, probably derived from a hypothetical, purely acrocentric complement (n=8) by a single centric fusion. In the Entomobryomorpha, acrocentric karyotypes (n=7) are still found in Isotoma cinerea and in Proisotoma. Chromosome numbers exceeding n=7 [Onychiuridae, n=7–9; Poduridae, n=(9-)11] are supposed to be due to secondary increases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335793
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sumbiosis with bacteria enhances the use of chitin by the springtail, Folsomia candida (Collembola) (1990)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 9 (1990), S. 126-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Soil ; Symbiosis ; Chitin degradation ; Collembola ; Folsomia candida ; Xanthomonas maltophilia ; Curtobacterium spp
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The relationship between Folsomia candida and chitin-degrading microorganisms was studied. On chitin agar, 1010 bacteria were isolated per g faeces, and 3.8×1011 bacteria per g gut contents, 1/3 of them showing a clear (chitin-free) zone around the colony. The most abundant chitin-degrading bacteria were Xanthomonas maltophilia and Curtobacterium sp. To determine the bacterial contribution in the use of chitin by F. candida, a feeding experiment was carried out. F. candida were fed with chitin, either amended with or without tetracycline as an inhibitor of bacteria. When tetracycline was omitted the biomass of F. candida was increased compared to those fed chitin with tetracycline. However, this result was observed only when the food replacement intervals were long enough to allow bacterial colonization before ingestion of the food. In a food-selection experiment, a preference for chitin colonized with microorganisms as opposed to sterile chitin was found. The results indicate that a mutualistic symbiosis of F. candida with chitinolytic microorganisms is likely to enhance chitin degradation. This relationship is not only intra-intestinal but also involves an extra-intestinal phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335794
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Community structure and vertical distribution of Collembola and Cryptostigmata in a dry-turf cushion plant (1990)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 9 (1990), S. 130-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Collembola ; Cryptostigmata ; Community structure ; Vertical distribution ; Plant cushion ; Dianthus lumnitzeri
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In a dry-turf grassland ecosystem in the east of Austria, cushions of Dianthus lumnitzeri Wiesbaur (Caryophyllaceae) were inspected. The abundance, community structure, and vertical distribution of hemi- and euedaphic Collembola and Cryptostigmata were studied. Notable differences in the strategies of resource use by these two groups were detected. Collembola with annual mean densities of 7000 – 22000 individuals m-2 and large annual fluctuations in population size prefer the F layer but migrate vertically during severe microclimatic conditions to spread over the whole profile. Cryptostigmata (average adult densities up to 37000 individuals m-2, weak annual fluctuations) are confined to the F layer even in midsummer. A strict nutritional affinity to plant material in certain stages of decomposition is proposed as the explanation. Reflecting the distinction in spatial distribution, the community structure of Collembola appeared very even, with 6 species out of 13 sharing dominance while 1 oribatid genus out of 26 accounted for 64% of all individual Cryptostigmata. These obvious differences emphasize the finding that different mesofaunal taxa may develop different strategies in the formation of communities. Therefore, analysis of the whole community should be prefered to analysis of taxocoenoses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335795
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic interactions between functional groups of soil arthropods and microorganisms during decomposition of coniferous litter in microcosm experiments (1990)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 9 (1990), S. 145-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Collembola ; Isopoda ; Microbial activity ; Macronutrients ; Succession of microorganisms ; Pinus nigra ; Tomocerus minor ; Philoscia muscorum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Using microcosms containing decomposing Pinus nigra litter, the effects of introducing two species of soil arthropods, the fungivorous collembolan Tomocerus minor and the detritivorous isopod Philoscia muscorum, have been studied. The effects of these animals on microbial respiration, on dehydrogenase and cellulase activity, and on the concentration of exchangeable macronutrients (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, NO inf3 sup- , NH inf4 sup+ , PO inf4 sup3- ) were measured. Both species enhanced microbial activity and the concentration of exchangeable nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate. Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations were lowered in the microcosms with animals. The differences between the two species were mainly quantitative, and it appears that the effect of isopods is direct, whereas the collembolans show direct and indirect effects. Positive effects of the presence of animals were found when microbial activities or concentrations of exchangeable nutrients in microcosms without animals were low; negative effects were found when they were relatively high. Thus, soil arthropods have a buffering role in soil processes. These results ae discussed against a background of a supposed succession of sugar fungi/bacteria to more slowly growing decomposing fungi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335798
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions to soil acidification in microarthropods: Is competition a key factor? (1990)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 9 (1990), S. 178-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Acid rain ; Soil acidification ; Microarthropods ; Competition ; Springtails ; Collembola
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Acidification of raw humus soil in coniferous forest areas leads to characteristic changes in the microarthropod community. Certain species are “calciophilic” and decrease in abundance, while others are “acidophilic” and increase in abundance. The simplest explanation for these changes is that population levels are directly related to soil pH. This hypothesis was tested by growing small populations of selected species in monoculture at different pH levels. Three acidophilic species were tested, the collembolan Mesaphorura yosii, the oribatid mite Nothrus silvestris, and the astigmatid mite Schwiebea cf. lebruni. A slightly calciophilic collembolan, Isotomiella minor, was also included. For all species, population growth was lowest in acidified raw humus. Even acidophilic species seem to have an optimum at a high pH. It is assumed that their success in low-pH soils is due to their ability to compete under these conditions. Competition may be a key factor in microarthropod reactions to soil acidification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335804
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