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  • Artikel  (12)
  • fracture  (12)
  • Springer  (12)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1925-1929
  • 1997  (12)
  • 1981
  • 1928
  • Maschinenbau  (12)
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  • Artikel  (12)
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  • Springer  (12)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1925-1929
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On problems of fracture of materials in compression along two internal parallel cracks (1997)
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 18 (1997), S. 517-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Schlagwort(e): fracture ; internal parallel crack ; criterion of the initiation of fracture
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Mathematik , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The fracture of materials under the action of compressive forces, directed along cracks which are parallel in plane cannot be described within the framework of the linear fracture mechanics. The criteria of fracture of the Griffith-Irvin or COC type, used in classical linear fracture mechanics, are not applicable in this problem, since these forces have no influence on stress intensity coefficients and on values of cracks opening. The problems of such a class may be described only by using new approaches. One of possible approaches is presented by the first author, which involves using linearized relations, derived from exact non-linear equations of deformable solid body mechanics. It should be remarked here that this approach has been widely used in problems of deformable bodies stability. As a criterion of the initiation of fracture the criterion of local instability near defects of the crack type is used. In these cases the process of loss of stability initiates the fracture process.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02454110
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Measurement of deformations on concrete subjected to compression using image correlation (1997)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 37 (1997), S. 307-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Schlagwort(e): Concrete ; feedback signal ; fracture ; digital image cross correlation ; nondestructive evaluation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Because the nature of failure in concrete is complicated due to the material heterogeneity, a robust measuring method is essential to obtain reliable deformation data. A nondestructive displacement evaluation system using a digital image cross-correlation scheme, often called computer vision, is developed to make microscopic examinations of the fracture processes in concrete. This is a full-field measuring method that gives an accuracy within the micron range for a 100 mm × 75 mm viewing area. A feedback signal that combines the lateral and axial deformations provides a well-balanced imaging rate both before and after the peak load. Displacement vector diagrams or displacement contour maps of concrete reveal highly nonuniform deformations even in the elastic range. The processes of fracture in concrete are well defined at different deformation levels.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02317423
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pressurization of a fractured wellbore (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 83 (1997), S. 243-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Schlagwort(e): fracture ; wellbore ; opening ; shear displacement ; hydraulic fracturing ; stress measurement.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract This paper presents the development of two-dimensional models to analyze the behaviour of a pre-existing fracture intersecting a pressurized wellbore. The fracture has an arbitrary location and inclination with respect to the wellbore and the far-field state of stress and it is assumed that the wellbore fluid penetrates the fracture only in the section where the fracture is open. The analysis shows that the wellbore pressure and width responses as a function of the length of the open section are extremely sensitive to the location of the fracture with respect to the wellbore. In particular, situations exists where the near wellbore state of stress dominates the pressure response, even when the length of the pressurized section of the fault is long compared to the wellbore diameter. This result has strong consequences for stress measurement and interpretation. This work has application not only to stress measurement, but also wellbore stability and hydraulic fracturing.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007364213515
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mixed-mode I/II fracture behaviour of a high strength steel (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 87 (1997), S. 363-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Schlagwort(e): mixed mode ; fracture ; steel ; fracture modes ; branching ; crack growth.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Mixed mode fracture in a certain high strength steel has been investigated through physical experiments and numerical calculations. The main objective has been to investigate the implications of local crack tip processes on the macroscopic mixed mode fracture behaviour. A scrutiny of the fractured specimens revealed evidence of crack branching in all cases where β_eq 〈 40° ( β_eq = atan ( K_I /K_II ) ). The appearance of branching was found to be accompanied to a rather abrupt increase in the macroscopic mixed mode fracture toughness. In the numerical calculations the effective plastic strain criterion suggested by Hallbäck and Nilsson (1994) was applied to the present material. Crack tip branching was from the analysis predicted to occur at β_eq = 60°. Besides the presence of branching, it was however questionable whether the analysis corroborated the experimentally observed behaviour.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007448511822
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Analysis of Bimaterial Wedges Using a New Singular Finite Element (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 88 (1997), S. 373-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Schlagwort(e): Finite element ; fracture ; singularity ; bimaterial interface ; wedge ; stress intensity factor.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract This paper is concerned with the singular stress field at the vertex of a bimaterial wedge under in-plane loading. The boundary value problem is initially formulated in terms of the complex function method. The eigenequations are obtained using the continuity conditions along the interface and the traction-free conditions along the free edges, leading to the development of explicit expressions for the singular stress and displacement fields for a general bimaterial wedge. These expressions are then used to develop a new singular finite element. This element enables the determination of the singular stress field and the associated stress intensity factors reliably and efficiently. To establish the validity of the method, test cases are examined and compared with existing solutions. The method is then applied to evaluate the effect of the wedge geometry and the elastic mismatch upon the resulting stress intensity factors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007427506134
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Influence of Finite Geometry and Material Properties on Mixed-Mode I/II Fracture of Aluminium (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 87 (1997), S. 151-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Schlagwort(e): mixed-mode ; fracture ; aluminium ; non-singular stress terms ; full body analysis ; flow behaviour effects
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Numerical calculations have been carried out to assess the influence of both finite geometry effects as well as material properties on mixed mode fracture of aluminium. These effects have been studied in close connection to experimental data for two aluminium alloys found in the literature. Interactions between the crack tip and the outer boundary have, for one of these alloys, been quantified in two ways. Firstly, by evaluating a number of non-singular stress on mixed mode fracture have been examined within the framework of a recently suggested effective plastic strain criterion. The other alloy was addressed in order to furnish a limited investigation concerning the sensitivity of this criterion with respect to material properties. The main conclusions arrived at in this paper are: (i) Boundary induced constraints may relocate the transition between different operative fracture modes and hence be responsible for scatter of experimental achieved under different testing conditions. (ii) The two alloys under consideration were predicted to behave very differently due to variations in the flow behaviour. Different behaviour was also confirmed by the experimental results.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007339103082
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Configurational Forces and the Dynamics of Planar Cracks in Three-Dimensional Bodies (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of elasticity 48 (1997), S. 167-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2681
    Schlagwort(e): continuum mechanics ; fracture ; configurational forces.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract This paper develops a three-dimensional framework for the evolution of planar cracks, concentrating on the derivation of balances and constitutive equations that describe the motion of the crack tip. The theory is based on the notion of configurational forces in conjunction with a mechanical version of the second law.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007463500515
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Correlation of fatigue crack propagation in polyethylene pipe specimens of different geometries (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 84 (1997), S. 159-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Schlagwort(e): fracture ; fatigue ; polyethylene ; crack propagation ; accelerated failure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Correlation in mechanisms and kinetics of step-wise fatigue crack propagation in polyethylene pipe specimens of different geometries is studied experimentally. It is shown that crack propagation in a non-standard specimen cut from a real pipe and conserving the pipe geometry can be effectively simulated using a standard compact tension specimen. Good correlation in both kinetics of step-wise crack propagation and fractography between the specimens is achieved if experimental conditions are chosen to assure equal values of (a) stress intensity factor and (b) stress intensity factor gradient at the initial notch tips. These results extend previous technique of fatigue accelerating slow crack growth used to predict lifetime of polyethylene pipes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007354600584
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the failure of cracks under mixed-mode loads (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 87 (1997), S. 201-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Schlagwort(e): fracture ; mixed mode ; ductile fracture ; brittle fracture.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Fracture of plates containing a crack under mixed-mode, I and II, loading conditions is investigated. Fracture mechanisms are first examined from fracture surface morphology to correlate with the macroscopic fracture behavior. Two distinct features are observed and they are typical of shear and tensile types of failure. From this correlation, a fracture criterion based on the competition of the attainment of a tensile fracturing stress σ_C and a shear fracturing stress τ_C at a fixed distance around the crack tip is proposed. Material ductility is incorporated using τ_C/σ_C determined from classical material failure theories. The type of fracture is predicted by comparing τ_max/σ_max at r=r_C for a given mixed mode loading to the material ductilityτ_C/σ_C , i.e. τ_max/σ_max)〈(τ_C /σ_C) for tensile type of fracture and (τ_max/σ_max) r (τ_C/ σ_C) for shear type of fracture. It is found that, for typical engineering structural metals with certain ductility, (1) crack propagation initiates according to the maximum hoop stress criterion when the the mode mixity is near mode I and according to the maximum shear stress criterion when the mode mixity is near mode II, and (2) the transition of the failure from tensile to shear type can be predicted by the proposed criterion. For brittle materials the maximum hoop (opening) stress always reaches the tensile fracturing stress before the maximum shear stress reaches the shear fracturing stress of the material at a crack tip. Therefore, specimens made of brittle materials tend to fail under the maximum hoop stress criterion, as demonstrated by Erdogan and Sih (1963) and others.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007499309587
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Grain boundary influence on the mechanical behaviour of oriented bicrystals (1997)
    Springer
    Interface science 4 (1997), S. 339-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2746
    Schlagwort(e): grain boundaries ; dislocations ; transmission ; fracture
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract It is shown through several experiments centred on dislocation transmission through a GB that relating macroscopic mechanical properties of a bicrystalline specimen to the atomic structure of the GB or to local dislocation reactions is not straightforward. Not only the long and short range stresses and the plastic properties of the two grains must be taken into consideration, but also the kinetics of events has to be taken into account to explain the final result.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00240252
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Crack-tip fields in elastic-plastic material under plane stress mode I loading (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 85 (1997), S. 131-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Schlagwort(e): asymptotic expansion ; higher-order terms ; Runge-Kutta method ; finite elements ; crack mechanics ; fracture ; elastic-plastic material ; crack-tip field ; the J-integral ; plane stress ; plane strain ; mode I
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract New results on the crack-tip fields in an elastic power-law hardening material under plane stress mode I loading are presented. Using a generalized asymptotic expansion of the stress function, higher-order terms are found which have newly-discovered characteristics. A series solution is obtained for the elastic-plastic crack-tip fields. The expansion of stress fields contains both the $$ r^{t_i } \sigma _{pq}^{(i)} (\theta ;t_i ) $$ and $$ \operatorname{Re} [r^{t_k } \sigma _{rs}^{(k)} (\theta ;t_k )] $$ terms where ti is real and tk is complex; the terms σ(i) pq(θti) and σ(k) rsθtk) are real and complex functions of θ respectively. Comparing the results with that for the plane strain mode I loading shows that: (1) the effect of higher-order solutions on the crack-tip fields is much smaller; and (2) the path-independent integral J also controls the second-order or third-order term in the asymptotic solutions of the crack-tip fields for most of the engineering materials (1 〈 n 〈 11) in plane stress, while the J-integral does not control the second and the third-order terms for the plane strain mode I case for n 〉 3. These theoretical results imply that the crack-tip fields can be well characterized by the J-integral, and can be used as a criterion for fracture initiation under plane stress mode I loading. This is in agreement with existing full-field solutions and experimental data that J at crack growth initiation is essentially independent of in-plane specimen geometry. The comparison confirms the theoretical asymptotic solutions developed in this study.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007361116709
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Viscoelastic Creep Crack Growth: A Review of Fracture Mechanical Analyses (1997)
    Springer
    Mechanics of time-dependent materials 1 (1997), S. 241-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2738
    Schlagwort(e): fracture ; fracture mechanics ; polymers ; viscoelastic crack growth
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract The study of time dependent crack growth in polymers using a fracture mechanics approach has been reviewed. The time dependence of crack growth in polymers is seen to be the result of the viscoelastic deformation in the process zone, which causes the supply of energy to drive the crack to occur over time rather than instantaneously, as it does in metals. Additional time dependence in the crack growth process can be due to process zone behavior, where both the flow stress and the critical crack tip opening displacement may be dependent on the crack growth rate. Instability leading to slip-stick crack growth has been seen to be the consequence of a decrease in the critical energy release rate with increasing crack growth rate due to adiabatic heating causing are duction in the process zone flow stress, a decrease in the crack tip opening displacement due to a ductile to brittle transition at higher crack growth rates, or an increase in the rate of fracture work due to more rapid viscoelastic deformation. Finally, various techniques to experimentally characterize the crack growth rate as a function of stress intensity have been critiqued.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009766516429
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