ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (598)
  • Springer  (598)
  • 1995-1999  (366)
  • 1985-1989  (148)
  • 1980-1984  (84)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1925-1929
  • 2022
  • 1998  (198)
  • 1995  (168)
  • 1987  (148)
  • 1980  (84)
  • 1977
  • 1976
  • 1928
  • Information Science and Librarianship  (598)
Collection
  • Articles  (598)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (598)
Years
  • 1995-1999  (366)
  • 1985-1989  (148)
  • 1980-1984  (84)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1925-1929
Year
Journal
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Australian University Museums On-Line (AUMOL) (1998)
    Springer
    Archives and Museum Informatics 12 (1998), S. 81-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7500
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009066721136
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Description of Collections and Encyclopaedias on the Web using XML (1998)
    Springer
    Archives and Museum Informatics 12 (1998), S. 39-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7500
    Keywords: classification ; thesauri ; encyclopedia ; Web ; XML
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Cataloguing artworks relies on availability of classification schemes, often represented by hierarchical thesauri. After commenting on the limitation of current practices and tools, we propose a new approach for the cooperative production of multilingual and multicultural classification schemes, exploiting some features of the oncoming XML-based Web.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009076406097
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial: Standard Issues (1998)
    Springer
    Archives and Museum Informatics 12 (1998), S. 1-2 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7500
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009041314740
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1998)
    Springer
    Archives and Museum Informatics 12 (1998), S. 171-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7500
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009003203053
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Case Study of EAD Implementation at Durham University Library Archives and Special Collections (1998)
    Springer
    Archives and Museum Informatics 12 (1998), S. 221-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7500
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Issues arising from using EAD forsmall-scale retrospective conversion ofnon-standardized item level finding aids for a broadrange of materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009011404871
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Robert Honeyman Jr. Collection Digital Archive: EAD and the Use of Library and Museum Descriptive Standards (1998)
    Springer
    Archives and Museum Informatics 12 (1998), S. 205-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7500
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The emergence of Encoded Archival Description (EAD) has ledto increased access to primary source materials such as personal and corporate papers, and government archives.Though initially developed to electronically encode such paper-based archives, EAD is now being exploredas a tool for cataloging large collections of primarysource visual materials, such as photographs and worksof art, and making them accessible on the internet.The Honeyman Collection Digital Archive project,carried out by The Bancroft Library at the Universityof California at Berkeley, was one of the first largecollections of primary source visual materials to be fullycataloged and encoded using EAD. In cataloging the collection,the project sought to incorporate cross-community descriptivestandards and practices, as well as providing highly detailedrecords for each item in the collection. This paper will describe that project and the standards that wereemployed. The resulting digital archive has demonstratedthat EAD is a viable option for handling large collectionsof primary source visual materials, and that implementationof shared standards and practices is possible and can move uscloser to the goal of improved access.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009055219892
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Choosing input indicators for research managers (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 11 (1987), S. 17-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper focusses on the use of input indicators as a planning tool for research planners and administrators in one research sector. It reviews the experience of a number of developing countries in attempting to develop such indicators for national agricultural research systems. It appears that the more commonality there is in the research subject and environment, the more disaggregated the input data, research managers would find useful. While the paper reviews only one research sector, it concludes with comments on the feasibility of using similar measures in other sectors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016626
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In the Beholder's eye: A possible reinterpretation of Velho's results on Brazilian agricultural research (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 11 (1987), S. 53-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Using the data recently presented byLea Velho on the citation rates in and on Brazilian agricultural journal articles, it is suggested that a given such paper is cited by the non-Brazilian scientific literature at the same rate as a paper written anywhere else in the world would be, and that is cited by other Brazilian papers very much more than a paper elsewhere would be. These conclusions are surprizing in view of the prevailing conventional wisdom, and are also exactly opposite to the conclusionsVelho herself derived from the same data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016629
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short-run trends in united states patent activity (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 12 (1987), S. 111-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract We examine a newly created data series consisting of the monthly number of American patents granted since 1853. An initial examination divides the series into four time periods. An analysis of short-run cycles demonstrates that the same Box-Jenkins model is not applicable to all four periods. Differences in nineteenth and twentieth century model parameters may be a result of frequent bureaucratic reinterpretations of America's patent law during the last century, or-as many have claimed-may represent changes in the process of innovation itself over time. Our findings suggest that future researchers discriminate between two periods in their analyses. The first lasts until the late 1870's, during which time there was a very high variability in the number of patents issued. Since the late 1870's there has been a substantial decline in variability, and the amount of variance that can be explained by a simple Box-Jenkins model has increased. Still, not much variation can be explained using short-run cycles, and longer cycles appear to be both time period specific and highly unstable. The dynamics of American inventive activity are complex, and inventive activity appears to be largely driven by exogenous factors such as wars, economic conditions and changes in governmental policy, rather than by its own internal dynamics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016693
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A revised measure of standing of journals in stratified networks (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 11 (1987), S. 71-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract A modified index of journal standing in a stratified journal to journal citation network is proposed. The original index, generated through an application of input-output analysis, is used as the first step of an iterative procedure that converges on the new index. This index, an eiginvector of the inverted matrix used in the input-output analysis, has improved validity and better distributional properties than the original index.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016631
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative estimation of “big” and “little” science interrelation (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 11 (1987), S. 99-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Qantitative analysis of the interrelation of “big” and “little” science on the example of Research and Development of higher education in the USA has been made. The difference in the growth rates of “big” and “little” science is explained with the help of scientometric index of capital expenditures per researcher. An attempt has been made to compare the dynamics of efficiency of “big” and “little” science on the base of mean duration of a research project. Possibilities of an alternative index of a relative amount of preliminary researches (preprojects) are pointed out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016633
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comments on Michael J. Moravcsik, recipient of the third Derek de Solla Price award (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 11 (1987), S. 125-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016586
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indicators of research planning: A comparative study of research groups in six countries (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 11 (1987), S. 141-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, an attempt has been made to examine the characteristics of research planning at the micrososmic level of the research group in six countries-Argentina, Egypt, India, Republic of Korea, Poland and UkSSR. The paper focusses on the following aspects: (1) intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing the choice of research themes and orientation of the research programme; (2) quality of research planning measured by dimensions, such as planning consistency, task-interdependence and prior contacts with potential users; and (3) pattern of funding of research groups. Variations in the characteristics of research planning and funding mechanisms in different institutional and socio-cultural settings (countries) have been examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016588
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interface between geoscience and industry: A case study of the interaction between research and the discovery and mining of ores for nuclear fuels (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 11 (1987), S. 199-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The nuclear industry was used as a case history to examine the influences between science and industry. The nuclear resources aspect of the industry was chosen for study. A correlation is found among indicators of geoscience research, exploration for uranium ores, production of uranium, and the general state of the industry. Some of the science-industry interfaces were identified as fruitful areas for further study, and a historical analysis of exploration technology shows that a scientific development engendered by the requirements of an early phase of the industry was key to later expansion in exploration and resources discovery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016592
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scientometric analysis of the development of nuclear physics during the last 50 years (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 11 (1987), S. 231-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract A new method for author groups formation and decay processes is proposed. With the help of a special mathematical model time distribution of authors and their publications was established and group productivity, composition and stability, annual change of the total number of short-term and long-term authors, their renovation etc. as well as the time dependence of these quantities was determined. Particularities of activity of authors working in nuclear physics are investigated. It is shown that the most rapid development in this field took place in the pre-war years, it was at high level up to 1960 and then began to decrease. The method used permits to forecast the development of science and to analyse the activity of author units in particular scientific centers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016594
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comments on tibor braun, recipient of the third Derek de Solla Price Award (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 11 (1987), S. 263-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279348
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applied versus basic science in the literature of plant biology: A bibliometric perspective (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 12 (1987), S. 381-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Applied and basic approaches to scientific inquiry were compared through a bibliometric analysis of two Canadian journals in plant biology. No differences were found between the journals in the distribution of citations across different sections of research articles (that is, Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion). Moreover, no contrasts were found in the frequency of multiple authorships or in the age distribution of cited works. However, the journals differed significantly on three other bibliometric measures: author affiliation, number of references per article, and publication format of cited works.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016681
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 12 (1987), S. 413-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016683
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lotka's law and productivity patterns of entomological research in Nigeria for the period, 1900–1973 (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 12 (1987), S. 33-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract A bibliography of entomological research in Nigeria, 1900–1973 totally 1720 publications was analysed to study the author productivity patterns and to test the applicability of Lotka's law for the obtained distributions. Four different files were generated, one for the publications of all the authors, second for the publications by first authors, third for single authors and fourth for coauthors. Lotka's law in its original form as inverse square law does not apply to any of the four data sets. However, it does apply in its generalised form with the calculated values of characteristic exponent α. The values of α were found to be 1.9, 1.8, 2.2 and 2.4 for the four different data sets. K-S statistical test was aplied to test the applicability of generalised form of Lotka's law. The maximum difference in the observed and estimated values of the proportions of authors was found to be highly insignificant at 0.01 level of significance in each of the four cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016688
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Article-by-article citation analysis of medical journals (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 12 (1987), S. 101-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract An article by article analysis produced by ISI has been investigated to see whether this form of feedback might be useful to the editors. The data highlight the different roles of two medical journals, which are often regarded as similar. They also allow a parallel examination of the citation pattern of other items besides the standard scientific research articles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016692
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The growth of chinese scientific research, 1973–84 (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 12 (1987), S. 135-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract During the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976), scientific work came to a halt in China. Universities closed, primary and secondary school education shut down, and intellectuals (including scientists and engineers) were sent to the countryside or to factories to work. The effects of the Cultural Revolution are reflected in China's output of scientific literature. In 1973, for example, only one Chinese paper appeared in any of the world's 2300 most central journals covered by theScience Citation Index. After restrictive policies were loosened, however, scientific papers grew exponentially. By 1982, only six years after the Cultural Revolution ended, Chinese scientists produced 932 papers. This exponential growth of papers leveled off at this point and the number of papers appearing in the core 2300 journal stood at approximately 1000 in 1983 and 1984.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016694
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The stochastic model of evolution of scientific disciplines (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 12 (1987), S. 197-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract In the paper science is regarded as a self-adapting system consisting of two subsystems. The stochastic model of one of the subsystems is proposed. The model reflects changes of the structure of a scientific discipline. As an example a model for the physics of elementary particles is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016292
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences in scientific productivity of research units: Measurement and analysis of output inequality (1987)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 12 (1987), S. 221-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Three aspects of inequalities in scientific productivity of research units-scientists within RUs, RUs in the full sample and its cross-section, and an aggregate approach, in which components referring to the first two types of inequality were distinguished—was used to analyse the causes underlying unequall productivity. Using inequality measure based on the theory of information (Theil measure) an inverse relationship between volume of productivity and its inequality was empirically found both within research units and among RUs of a given organizational system. Therefore identifying the soruces of variability of output inequalities may be helpful in drawing conclusions regarding to the absolute volumes of scientific productivity of RUs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016294
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Citation context analysis of a co-citation cluster: Recombinant-DNA (1980)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 2 (1980), S. 277-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The techniques of co-citation clustering and citation context analysis are combined to concretely define the shared knowledge within a research specialty. The cluster for a large and fast moving biomedical specialty, recombinant-DNA, is presented in terms of the highly cited documents comprising it and their co-citation links. By examining citation contexts in the papers citing the highly cited documents, it is possible to label each of the documents in the cluster with its specific cognitive meaning for the citing authors. Co-citation contexts are used to reveal the relationships among the concepts symbolized by the highly cited documents, providing a cognitive equivalent of the co-citation links. This may open a new way to the investigation of the logic of conceptual change at the specialty level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016349
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introduction (1980)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 2 (1980), S. 327-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02095074
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indicators of science: Notes and queries (1980)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 2 (1980), S. 347-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Some science indicators can be found inSocial Indicators 1976 as well asScience Indicators-1976, but the coverage of science is limited. Neither volume contains data on cognitive aspects of science and technology or on their social consequences. The authors make suggestions for then-and-there assessments of cognitive advance in science and for prospective and retrospective checks on the validity of these assessments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02095077
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indicators of the impact of R&D on the economy (1980)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 2 (1980), S. 375-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper reviews the literature on the economic effects of R&D and then examines the gaps in our knowledge. While most micro-studies show that R&D raises economic growth, existing knowledge of the mechanisms by which R&D affects productivity and output is sparse, and it is unclear whether the micro-studies can be generalized to the national economy. The paper concludes by examining some possible consequences of the reduced R&D effort by the United States.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02095080
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comments on “indicators of scientific manpower” (1980)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 2 (1980), S. 405-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract In this examination of the implications of the decline in the demand for scientists, research on two questions is discussed. The first is the effect of age upon scientific creativity and the second is the relationship between the number of scientists and the growth of scientific knowledge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02095083
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comments on “U. S. science in an international perspective” (1980)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 2 (1980), S. 423-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract International data show that the scientific development of the United States is neither better nor worse than expected for its size and industry. Its position is, however, deteriorating rapidly. The postwar expansion in federal funding of research seems to be a response to continued exponential growth rather than a cause. The science indicators volumes, all criticism notwithstanding, are rapidly provoking new understanding of these questions of scientific and technological change.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02095085
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indicators of public attitudes toward science and technology (1980)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 2 (1980), S. 439-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The use of attitude surveys inScience Indicators — 1976 is reviewed and found sufficiently flawed to limit the utility of survey results. The primary confusion throughout is the treatment of science and technology as if they were indistinguishable activities. Suggestions for conceptual improvement are presented both for describing attitudes and for predicting changes in them.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02095088
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Science citation index and chemistry (1980)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 2 (1980), S. 265-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Citation data have been collected for a large number of chemists at American universities. The principal objectives are to examine the use of citations as a tool in the study of sociology of chemical research and to determine the feasibility and accurancy of using automatically generated data. Past results in each of these areas, as well as a projection of future uses of citation data, are presented. First, a pilot study is described and some tentative conclusions discussed. The method used minimizes some of the most commonly-expressed criticism of citation data, such as multiple author, self-citations, etc. An effort has been made to establish the accuracy of automatically generated citation data. This project uses as a base for comparison the complete bibliographies of several thousand chemists. Several different citation indices are compared with other indicators commonly employed in discussions of the characteristics of the field of chemistry. The results generally support the idea that citations are meaningful. However, they also reveal some problems which require that great care be exercised in the use of citation data. The use of citation data to “observe” a chemistry subfield over time also is illustrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016348
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Publication of scientific information is not identical with communication (1980)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 2 (1980), S. 303-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Primary papers of international relevance do not always get published in media which have good international dissemination. Samples of literature in animal science, judged by scientists active in that subject field, indicate that this discrepancy may be a truly serious one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016350
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of funding on the outputs of biomedical research (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 41 (1998), S. 17-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The Research Outputs Database (ROD) has been used to investigate the effects of different input variables, including the numbers of funding bodies, on the impact of research papers in a biomedical subfield (gastroenterology). This was determined by the medium-term impact of the journals in which they were published. It was shown that, when account was taken of the effects of the other input factors, the mean impact for a group of papers increased with the number of authors, the type of research (basic more than clinical), and with the number and identity of the funding bodies. However itdecreased slightly if there were more addresses; whether the paper was multinational had no significant effect. Previous work showing that multi-institution or multi-country papers are more highly cited reached this conclusion because it did not take into account the confounding effect of multiple funding sources, and possibly other factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02457963
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    International cooperation of polish researchers with partners from abroad: A scientometric study (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 41 (1998), S. 155-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Publications resulting from international cooperation and included in seven SCI annual files 1987–1989 and 1992–1995 were analyzed. It was observed that after the political changes of the turn of 1980s considerable increase in the number of publications was accompanied by the geographic development of co-authorship. Information coming from SCI 1992–1995, elaborated, completed and encoded were entered into an own database designed for analytical purposes. During these four years above 9600 papers were published in over 1600 prestige journals, of which almost 2200 publications resulted from multilateral cooperation. Altogether the foreign coauthors came from 102 countries, but over 80% of international papers were published in cooperation with the partners from 11 countries. The domestic participants came from over 200 research and educational organizations. It was found that the biggest share of papers within this multidisciplinary file represented physics (≈40%), chemistry (≈21%), and biomedical research (≈11%).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02457975
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defining subject collections for informetric analyses: The effect of varying the subject aboutness level (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 41 (1998), S. 209-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Subject literature collections are typically formed by judgements which are inexplicit and imprecise. This seems to compromise the worth of precise measurements made of their properties. In this paper an examination is made of how several commonly-measured properties of subject literatures vary as an important factor in the compilation of subject collections is varied. The factor is the amount which a document must ‘say’ about a subject for it to be included in such a collection. This document property has been expressed in formal terms and given a simple measure for the one subject examined, the research topic of Bradford's Law of Scattering. It is found that lowering the level of subject aboutness required for admission to a collection produces a large increase in the size of the collection obtained, and an appreciable change in some size-related properties. For these properties, the initial concern is warranted. However, other parameters are found to be invariant to such changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02457979
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ‘language preference’ in sociology: Measures of ‘language self-citation’, ‘relative own-language preference indicator’, and ‘mutual use of languages’ (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 41 (1998), S. 243-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Although between one-third to one-half of world social sciences research literature is published in languages other than English, studies show very scant use of it by American and English scholars. Almost all studies, however, were conducted from the Anglo-Saxon perspective, limiting the scope of the study to English-published sources or English-speaking scientists and research workers. The present study aimed at assessing the scope of the language preference in a social sciences field, not only among American and British scholars, but among German and French ones as well, using the technique of citation analysis. Samples including mostly 50–60 original research articles were drawn from the 1985–1994 volumes of nine leading sociology journals published in the US, UK, Germany and France and the references appended to each were scrutinized in order to determine the frequency distribution of the languages cited in each periodical. Findings clearly showed a strong preference of writers to cite material in their own language. However, the extent of this bias differed from journal to journal. The American and British writers rank first, with close to 99% of their references being in English. German scholars rank next, preferring German sources in 75% of the cases, and French scholars quote French sources in only 66% of their references. In order to calculate the new refined measure of ‘relative own-language preference’ (ROLP) indicator, the proportions of ‘language self-citation’ were related to the estimated proportions of these languages in the existing body of sociology research. This measure reveals that German sociologists have the strongest bias towards their mother-tongue, their ratio of references in German exceeding almost 12 to 28 times the expected figure according to the German language share in sociology research. Next come French sociologists (8 to 14 times) while American and British ones display the lowest own-language bias, only slightly higher than expected. Further analysis of the foreign languages preference of each group, according to a ‘mutual-use’ matrix, shows a relative low use of German and French sources by British-American sociologists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02457981
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Research and research impact of a technical university—A bibliometric study (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 41 (1998), S. 371-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The research output of the Danish Technical University (DTUa) has been studied as an aspect of the organization's research policy and visibility in its international context. Papers published in the three-year period (1992–94) were grouped according to 20 clusters of research areas. Using citation analysis techniques, the dynamics of citation frequencies, and a number of other features of the research system, like self-citation, research collaborations, relative impact on the international literature, etc., could be studied. The methods can be used to analyze institutional and national research efforts and to monitor effects of changing policies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02459052
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scientists of old vintage support a 'winter-biased birthday' theory (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 41 (1998), S. 417-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The association of the season of birth with lifetime intellectual achievement was studied by means of analysis of two data sets, one of the prominent chemists of the world and another of members of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS). It is found that a (statistically) significantly greater number of prominent chemists born before 1850 and of the full members of RAS born before 1875 were born in month of the winter half-year than of the summer one. The effect was gradually decreasing with time, the decrease being slower in Russia. The possible influence of the season of birth on the early personality development is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02459055
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The scientific wealth of European nations: Taking effectiveness into account (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 42 (1998), S. 75-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract In this study we continue the application of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of the R&D effort of European countries. We use GDP, active population and R&D expenditure as inputs, and publications and patents as outputs. Being effective means that, in order to obtain a maximum efficiency score countries are forced to perform on every output goal. A discussion of each country's performance and a comparison with May'sScience results concludes our analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02465013
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical methods in psychiatric papers (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 42 (1998), S. 121-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract A comparative study was carried out to determine the trend in the use of statistical methods in the papers published in the leading Russian, American and British psychiatric journals of the 1980–90-ies. Within 10 years the quota of papers with statistics increased considerably in the American and British journals (from 58.6% to 67.6%), especially in theArchives of General Psychiatry (88%). Qualitative changes were notable as well, tending towards the use of non-ordinary innovative methods. As regards the Russian psychiatric papers the use of statistical methods was a rare occurrence (21.8% in 1980s), that never changed within 10 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458352
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the overlap, the precision and estimated recall of search engines. A case study of the query “Erdos” (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 42 (1998), S. 207-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we investigate the retrieval capabilities of six Internet search engines on a simple query. As a case study the query “Erdos” was chosen. Paul Erdos was a world famous Hungarian mathematician, who passed away in September 1996. Existing work on search engine evaluation considers only the first ten or twenty results returned by the search engine, therefore approximation of the recalls of the engines has not been considered so far. In this work we retrieved all 6681 documents that the search engines pointed at and thoroughly examined them. Thus we could calculate the precision of the whole retrieval process, study the overlap between the results of the engines and give an estimate on the recall of the searches. The precision of the engines is high, recall in very low and the overlap is minimal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458356
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Looking at science in Brazilian universities: The case of the instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 42 (1998), S. 247-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Performance indicators were built for the Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, one of the most well-reputed Brazilian science centers. The Institute's performance presents a positive trend—articles number have doubled (1981–1995), and the articles impact grew from 4.20, in 1981, to 7.78, in 1990. This trend is probably being influenced by increasingly human resources involved in the Institute's scientific activities and by the continous growth of national and international collaboration. The follow up of indicators trends can be useful for the evaluation of long term policies directed to implement human resources programs and institutional collaborative work among scientific institutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458358
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Citation ranking versus expert judgment in evaluating communication scholars: Effects of research specialty size and individual prominence (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 41 (1998), S. 325-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Numerous attempts have been made to validate the use of citation as an evaluation method by comparing it with peer review. Unlike past studies using journals, research articles or universities as the subject matter, the present study extends the comparison to the ranking of individual scholars. Results show that citation ranking and expert judgment of communication scholars are highly correlated. The citation method and the expert judgment method are found to work better in smaller research areas and yield more valid evaluation results for more prominent scholars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02459049
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural networks research in context: A longitudinal journal cocitation analysis of an emerging interdisciplinary field (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 41 (1998), S. 389-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract A cocitation analysis for thirty-six journals and other publications in neural networks research and related disciplines was conducted over three consecutive time periods spanning the years 1990-early 1997. Cluster analysis and MDS maps identified groupings representing foundation research areas (physics/optics, computer engineering, neuroscience, expert systems & cognition, and perception) along with neural networks and mathematical modeling of neural systems. Principal components analysis demonstrated a similar structure, with several journals and books loading on a majority of the factors. An INDSCAL analysis showed an increasing separation between natural sciences/psychology and engineering/neural networks research from the first time period to the third.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02459053
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Four aspects of the institutionalization of physics research in India (1990–1950): Substantiating the claims of histortical sociology through bibliometrics (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 42 (1998), S. 17-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper examines the process of the institutionalization of research in physics in India. In order to do so, it employs bibliometric data such as research publications in physics research journals between 1900 and 1950. This data is then analyzed to obtain certain indicators that are pointers of the aspects of the institutionalization of research in physics in India. The four aspects of institutionalization studied here are important for the researches of those adopting sociological approaches in the study of the history of sciences. Thus the bibliometric techniques employed complements the efforts of historians of science studying the professionalization of physics research in India, and in this case those dealing with disciplines like physics. Further, the bibliometric data helps substantiate the claims of historians of science that the years 1905 to 1935 were particularly important for the history of physics in India. The conclusions of historians are based on success stories of a few leading physicists of the time. Within an institutional framework, this paper argues that there was a larger ground swell indicative of the emergence of a phhsics research community in India.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02465010
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the models for Bradford's law (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 42 (1998), S. 89-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract A goodness of fit test is conducted for two models for Bradford's law given byEgghe andSmolkov. The conclusion is that Smolkov's model is of comparatively higher accuracy. Finally the paper points out the necessity of carrying out statistical tests for comparisons more frequently for the new models of Bradford's law in the development of the law in order to get the gest model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02465014
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survey on technological innovative behavior in the Brazilian food industry (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 42 (1998), S. 129-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper is based on the information collected through a survey on technological innovation in a relatively large sample of 1000 firms of the Brazilian Food Industry (hereafter BFI). 248 firms (24.8%) responded to the questionnaire and 77 (31.0%) declared that they had introduced innovations in the period surveyed (1994–1996). This paper concentrates both on the different characteristics related to food firms and innovative activity and on the nature of the innovations. Regarding the former we have asked questions about firms' industrial sector, major activities, production stages, ownership, age, turnover, exports effort, advertising, R&D and technological innovation effort, size (number of employees), external alliances, organization of management functions (technological innovation policy, long term strategic plan, marketing research), and perceived barriers to innovation. Regarding the nature of the innovations, questions included: institutional sources of knowledge of the innovations, sources of innovations (external or internal), degree of protection of innovations (patents and other means), external collaboration, novelty of innovations (radical or incremental), type of innovations (product, process or combined), newness of innovations (to the world, to the country or to the firm), and impact of innovations on inputs (manpower, material, capital and energy). The results of the research are presented in this paper in a descriptive way. Therefore, we have not carried out advanced statistical analysis and we have not tried to establish cause-effect relationships among variables, but just links among them and trends. From the analysis, we can claim that technological innovation is actually a very complex process within firms, even though they are in a so called “low-tech” industry. Nevertheless, it is possible to identify outstanding factors linked to this process both at industry level (some sectors are more innovative than others) and at firm level (the large firms tend to be more innovative than small ones).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458353
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The thirteen most cited journals in economics (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 42 (1998), S. 267-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract A citation matrix for the thirteen most cited journals in economics is constructed from data in theSocial Sciences Citation Index. tm The components of the eigenvector associated with the largest possible eigenvalue (the Frobenius root) of this matrix defines “impact values” by which these journals may be ranked.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458360
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brazilian sciences and government funding at the State of São Paulo (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 43 (1998), S. 177-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The State of São Paulo plays an important role in national research activities. The Foundation for the Support of Research of São Paulo State (FAPESP) is commissioned to manage funds for these activities. The profile of Brazilian sciences is investigated and contrasted to FAPESP's investments. ISI date relative to years 1981 to 1995 are analysed through multivariate methods (Factor and Cluster Analysis) as to provide weighted ranks of research fields, relationships among them as geometric distances, and group classification. This information is compared to public reports on FAPESP's expenditures. Brazilian scientific production grows at 244 papers/year in the period, and its global share is almost doubled. Impact shows no trend. Best performers are from exact and biological sciences. Though impact varies greatly among research fields, their major distinctive feature is magnitude of production. The six top research fields identified (Physics, Biology & Biochemistry, Clinical Medicine, Engineering, Chemistry, Plant & Animal Sciences) were found to equally be the prime beneficiaries FAPESP's investments. The Brazilian scenario is one of increasing production under an international pattern. This trend is not accompanied by changes in impact. As a corollary, volume of publications rises as an important issue. Public investments from São Paulo State adequately conform this scenario giving reassurance that resouces are not being squandered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458406
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of multiple databases in the assesment of research. An application in the field of plant science (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 43 (1998), S. 299-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper argues the convenience of considering multiple databases in order to obtain a reliable set of scientific indicators in case of fields that includes a variety of disciplines. With this aim we analyse the Spanish scientific output in Plant Sciences regarding mainstream literature covered by SCI database and that published in domestic journals covered by ICYT database. This method allows us to obtain two different profiles of research. These results clearly underly the need to consider these databases jointly, thus avoiding potential inaccuracies induced by the use of the SCI as the only information source to be considered for the assessment of research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458412
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theories of citation? (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 43 (1998), S. 5-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Citations support the communication of specialist knowledge by allowing authors and readers to make specific selections in several contexts at the same time. In the interactions between the social network of (first-order) authors and the network of their reflexive (that is, second-order) communications, a sub-textual code of communication with a distributed character has emerged. The recursive operation of this dual-layered network induces the perception of a cognitive dimension in scientific communication.Citation analysis reflects on citation practices. Reference lists are aggregated in scientometric analysis using one (or sometimes two) of the available contexts to reduce the complexity: geometrical representations (‘mappings’) of dynamic operations are reflected in corresponding theories of citation. For example, a sociological interpretation of citations can be distinguished from an information-theoretical one. The specific contexts represented in the modern citation can be deconstructed from the perspective of the cultural evolution of scientific communication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458391
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Citation analysis as a theory of friction of polluted air? (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 43 (1998), S. 63-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract It is argued that Leydesdorff's theory of citations mixes the ideal or pure case with complicating factors. Ideally, citations are used as shorthand and for ethical reasons. The social network between scientists should be seen as a second-order correction on the basic model or, sometimes, even as noise. Metaphorically speaking Leydesdorff's theory is not a theory about ideal gases, but about polluted air.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458395
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Random thoughts on citationology its theory and practice (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 43 (1998), S. 69-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Theories of citation are as elusive as theories of information science, which have been debated for decades. But as a basis for discussion I offer the term citationology as the theory and practice of citation, including its derivative disciplines citation analysis and bibliometrics Several maxims, commandments if you will, have been enunciated. References are the results of a specialized symbolic language with a citation syntax and grammar. References, like words, have multiple meanings which are related to the aposteriori quality of citation indexes. Therefore, citation relevance cannot be predicted. Mathematical microtheories in bibliometrics abound, including the apposite laws of scattering and concentration. Citation behavior is a vast sub-set of citation theory, which like citation typology, can never be complete. Deviant citation behavior preoccupies certain authors but it is rarely significant in well-designed citation analyses, where proper cohorts are defined. Myths about uncitedness and the determinants of impact are discussed, as well as journal impact factors as surrogates and observations on scientists of Nobel Class. After two years at Johns Hopkins investigating “machine documentation,” and another year as a student of library science, I became, fortuitously, a documentation consultant. By 1954, I called myself an information engineer, which was an apt description of my professional consulting activities. However, Pennsylvania licensing law requires that engineers be graduates of engineering schools. So I became an information scientist! I've never thought of myself as an information theoretician and have been skeptical about a need for a theory of information science. I've practiced information science and engineering without explicit theoretical support. But undoubtedly there are underlying principles which can guide information scientists who, like myself, could be called “citationists” or “citationologists”. If there is a theory and practice of citation, it should probably be called citationology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458396
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative investigation of frequency and strength of motives toward referencing. The reference threshold model (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 43 (1998), S. 107-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Comparative investigation of frequency and strength of motives of authors toward referencing proves that references-citations can be used for exploring information links between items referencing and referenced. Asreferencing can be assumed as apeer evaluation process resulted in referencing some papers and neglecting others, citations obtained can be applied for assessing international impact of scientific publication activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458400
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The croatian scientific elite and its socio-professional roots (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 43 (1998), S. 207-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract No matter how strong the intellectual and other psychological predispositions for top scientific achievement and/or a successful scientific career, neither the processes of a general and scientific socialisation nor the socio-cultural or socio-professional environment can be avoided or neglected. Empirical support for the thesis on the impact of the social environment on the formation and the influence of the scientific elite of a country is supported by three analysed research studies: on distinguished Croatian scientists (1995), on the population of Croatian scientists (1990) and on Croatian scientific emigrants (1986).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458408
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Science ethics: A study of eminent scientists' professional values (1998)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 43 (1998), S. 269-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract A questionnaire study of eminent scientists' professional values was carried out within more extensive research of professional ethics. The structure of scientists' professional values is composed of five factors: collegial and professorial responsibility, the protection of respondents or patients, wider social and professional responsibility, scientific precision and originality and scientific objectivity. The core of the scientists' professional code consists of the values with the highest ratings. These are: cognitive standards which define the research role, explicit expectations of the scientists' social responsibility, and requirements for excellence of scientific institutions and personnel. At the same time, significant differences have been found among the observed scientific fields. The largest discriminative power has been shown in the importance of precise measurements and then also in the protection of respondents and patients. These results question the traditional unitary concept of science, but also the concept of intellectual and social atomisation of scientific disciplines and fields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458411
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Citation histories of related papers in the field of chemical correlation analysis (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 3-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Four cases of citation histories of highly cited related papers from the field of chemical correlation analysis indicate that authors have been citing preferably fashionable, but less relevant references.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020185
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution of Indian universities to the mainstream scientific literature: A bibliometric assessment (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 11-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper examines the contribution of Indian universities to the mainstream scientific literature during 1987–1989 along two distinct, but inter-related dimensions of quantity and quality of research output. The quantity of output is assessed through the number of articles published in journals covered byScience Citation Index, while the quality of output is assessed through the impact factors of journals in which the articles are published. The impact factors are normalized to eliminate the confounding effects of their covariates,viz. the subject field and the nature of journal. A number of relative indicators are constructed for inter-field and inter-institution comparisons,viz. publication effectiveness index,1 relative quality index,2 activity index3 and citability index4. Inter-field comparisons are made at the level of eight macrofields: Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Earth & Space Sciences, Agriculture, Medical Sciences and Engineering & Technology. Inter-institution comparisons cover thirty three institutions which had published at least 150 articles in three years. The structure of correlations of these institutions with eight macrofields is analyzed through correspondence analysis of the matrices of activity and citability profiles. Correspondence analysis yields a mapping of institutions which reveals the structure of science as determined by the cumulative effect of resource allocation decisions taken in the past for different fields and institutions i.e. the effect of national science policy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020186
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of bibliometric indicators for utility of research to users in society: Measurement of external knowledge transfer via publications in trade journals (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 37-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The development of a set of bibliometric tools to contribute to the assessment and monitoring of utility of university and non-university research institutes to society is described. Trade publications were weighted according to the utility of the journals for relevant nonscientific user groups. Furthermore, one indicator addresses the extent to which a general or a specific type of audience is addressed. Results are shown for one university and one university department. In general, validation interviews show that the indicator provide a good first estimation of the potential effectivity of the knowledge transfer efforts by means of publications in trade journals to practice and policy bodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020187
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns of publication by the staff of an international fisheries research center (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 67-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The scientific productivity, measured as number of publication credits per year, of 105 BS, MS and PhD degree holders at the authors' institution — a nonprofit international fisheries research organization based in Manila—was studied. All authored and edited items produced by these staff, from 1978 to 1993, presently published or in press were considered, and weights assigned depending on document type, number of pages, and rank of the name in cases of multiple authorship or editorship. The staff's output of conference papers and technical reports outweighed contributions to the primary (journal) literature. Predictors of productivity were position/salary, education, and age. However, a large unexplained variance remained, suggesting that individual factors largely determine productivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020189
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A bibliometric evaluation of the research performance of British university politics departments: Publications in leading journals (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 49-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The research performance of 41 British university politics departments was evaluated through an analysis of articles published between 1987 and 1992 in nine European politics journals with the highest citation impact factors. Annual performance scores were obtained by dividing each department's number of publications in these journals in each year (departmental productivity) by the corresponding departmental size. These scores were summed to obtain a research performance score for each department over the period of assessment. They correlate significantly with research performance scores from two previous studies using different methodologies: Crewe's per capita simple publication count for the years 1978 to 1984, and the Universities Funding Council's research selectivity ratings covering the years 1989 to 1992.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020188
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Product and process innovations: How are they defined? How are they quantified? (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 77-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper considers the alternative meanings attributed to the terms product and process innovation, and demonstrates, on the basis of the SPRU database on innovations in Great Britain, how the total number of product and process innovations varies according to the definition adopted. Only 3.1% of the innovations monitored can be univocally labelled as either products or processes, whilst as many as 96.9% of them fall into a grey zone. The authors conclude that these terms, although useful tools of analysis, should be defined more precisely in the studies of the economics of technological change.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020190
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Guardians of science. Fairness and reliability of peer-review system (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 91-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020191
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some aspects of the evaluation of scientific and related performances of individuals (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 109-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Conclusion At the end of my paper let me recall the statement made in my referee's report: “Evaluation of persons by scientometric methods is a complex endeavour and needs more precaution than that of teams or countries”. I do believe, however, that in the not too far future more quantitative data and indicators will be used in evaluation processes of any kind than at present. But even the best computers need software. Nevertheless, I have to admit that scientometry badly needs a general theory and standardized methods for the quantitative evaluation of various aspects of science and scientists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016887
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Can the assignment of university chairs be automated? (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 93-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract In order to explore the possibility that the assignment of University chairs could be automated, we have carried out a comparative analysis of the relative scientific and technological level of candidates competing nationally for given chairs of first (full professor) and second (associate professor) level, using indicators such as the number of publications and citations in international journals, the number of patents and inventions and few others. This study, contrary to some gloomy opinions, has suggested that at least for what concerns hard science, performances can be measured impartially at least to some extent. Bibliometric indicators, when properly weighted., appear to be effective parameters to monitor degree of excellence in scholastic rating and to establish reliable objective standards. Their utilization, however, to automate the assignment of university chairs appears still questionable and should be limited to the needed provision of computer-assisted selection criteria and reference databank.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016886
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Can the assignment of university chairs be automated? (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 121-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016889
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some observations on the use of bibliometric indicators in the assignment of university chairs (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 117-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract In their article, “Can the Assignment of University Chairs Be Automated?”,Nicolini, Vakula, Balla, andGandini describe the results of their initial attempts at using multiple bibliometric indicators in order to eventually automate the assignment of University chairs at the full and associate professor levels. The indicators utilized consist of each candidate's age, years of scientific activity, number of published articles, citation rate and the quality and type of publishing and citing journals. Data concerning these indicators are obtained from both SCI databases and the curriculum vitae of 76 test-candidates. Although the ranking of candidates is shown to be affected by both subfield differences in citation patterns and the weighting factor assigned to the bibliometric indicators tested, some predictive validity is found between the use bibliometric indicators and the independent peer-review of candidates. While these results are encouraging, the authors readily acknowledge the limitations of their efforts and the need to further refine the use of bibliometric indicators, before their employment in the automated assignment of University chairs. My observations concerning the work ofNicolini et al. will take the following form. First, I wish to comment briefly on what I view to be the philosophy behind the efforts ofNicolini et al. Second, I want to mention several positive and potentially negative procedural issues associated with the proposed use of bibliometric indicators in assessing individual scientific accomplishments. And finally, I would like to comment on what I see as some broader, latent consequences, potentially associated with the use of bibliometric measures in the automated assignment of University chairs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016888
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Were has the cumulative advantage gone? Some observations about the frequency distribution of scientific productivity, of duration of scientific participation, and of speed of publication (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 123-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Frequency distributions of scientific productivity are usually based on cross section cuts of the investigated population of scientists. Therefore, some of the registered scientists are involved for the whole period of time, but there are many fractional authors, too. If one compares only scientists active in a specialty for the same length of time, the typical bibliometric skewness of the distribution vanishes. But also the duration of participation of a cohort of scientists which began their career in the same year is not distributed in a Lotkean manner. Furthermore, the speed of publication-which might be a better statistical indicator of scientific capacities than publication output as such—has more similarity to a normal distribution than to a lognormal one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016890
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure of biotechnology R & D (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 153-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The structure of R & D in biotechnology is analysed using co-classification analysis of joint subject heading assignments in Derwent BIOTECHNOLOGY ABSTRACTS and subject profile analysis of 44 highly productive biotechnology-intensive organizations whose patents and publications are indexed therein. A Pathfinder Network Analysis reveals two distinct foci in biotechnology R & D-fermentation and genetic engineering-each linked to relevant products and secondary processes. Multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis identified 5 major groupings of companies, research institutes, and patent-holding organizations arranged along two dimensions-industrial fermentation processesvs genetic engineering and biomedicalvs non-biomedical R & D.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016892
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the scientific productivity of researchers from the Republic of Croatia for the period 1990–1992 (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 133-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The scientific production of researchers from the Republic of Croatia, consisting of the published papers with addresses of the institutions from Croatia only, was analyzed for the period 1990–1992, covering 2047SCI, SSCI, andA&HCI registered papers. The source index ofSCI has registered 1912 (92.50% of total number of published articles) papers,SSCI 118 (5,71%), andA&HCI 37 (1.79%) papers, respectively. The papers were published in more than 700 different journals, covering 122 scientific subfields. The most frequently used journals are the nationalPeriodicum Biologorum, Croatica Chemica Acta andCollegium Antropologicum with 236 published papers or 11.5%. The largest number of papers have been published in scientific subfields:Biology (146 papers),Chemistry (107), andPhysics of Condensed Matter (102). The average paper was published by 3.57 researchers, but subfields ofNuclear Physics (7.40 authors per paper),Immunology (5.67), andHematology (5.60) were with the highest authorship. The partial contributions of institutions were also determined, and the most productive were Ruder Bošković Institute with 645.0, the Faculty of Medicine with 396.7, and the Faculty of Science and Mathematics with 201.7 published papers, respectively. The average quality of the used journals were estimated; Institute of Physics, Ruder Bošković Institute, and the Faculty of Science and Mathematics published their papers in journals with bigger impact factor (higher quality) than average institutions. Publications were divided by the type of papers, most frequent being articles (1778 publications, 86.85%), notes (117, 5.71%) and letters (56, 2.74%), respectively. Scientific subfield distribution of papers published by the most productive institutions were also analyzed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016891
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Authorship counts (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 219-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper measures the increase in the numbers of authors per article in one scientific journal over forty years. The rise in the complexity of science, to which some attribute this growth in multiple authorship, is reflected in the increasing complexity of this simple task over that forty year period. It also discusses the resulting decrease in single authored papers, papers with very large number of authors, and predicts future trends.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016895
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The characterisation of text corpora using an input/output schema for citations (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 177-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Univariate measures of concentration (or dispersion) can be applied to the description of the citation patterns within a text corpus, and also the citation links between that corpus and an alternative (possibly contextual) literature. To assist in this, a simple data-flow schema introduced byLano to assist with the design of software can be used to provide an appropriate data-definitional tool. The schema, as applied here, comprises: (1) a matrix of cells containing 0 or 1 values (in its non-diagonal cells) representing within-corpus citations, with the diagonal cells representing the corpus documents; and (2) two associated vectors of cells which record the total numbers of citations that link the corpus documents with an external-to-corpus literature. An initial data-exploration based on a application of this schema to a trial document corpus is reported. On this basis, several provisional conjectures are put forward to attract further research on data of this type. These conjectures include: (1) Concentration amongst citationsto corpus items from within a young corpus is less than it is amongst citationsby corpus items to that corpus; (2) A young literature corpus imports significantly more information from its external world than it exports to it; and (3) Information transfer from an into contextual literature dominates within-corpus information transfer. The author emphasises that these are conjectures at this stage, not hypotheses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016893
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Criteria for the analysis of scientific quality (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 195-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract One of the major questions in science research is addressed in detail, that is the problem of evaluation of research work both by objective characterization, accessible to proof, and by adequate characterization, referring to the content and cognitive level of the work under investigation. A short discussion of established methods by science indicators as well as by peer review compiles merits and shortcomings of these methods. A short review refers to a few approaches towards the development of criteria for an improved assessment and characterization of research work and their shortcomings are discussed. Notably for the evaluation of medium or low range quality no reliable method is available. Therefore a systematic compilation of criteria which covers the full range of excellence to failure with respect to scientific quality is developed and a comprehensive list of criteria is presented which should provide a basis both for objective and adequate characterization of publications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02016894
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indices of journal citation relatedness and citation relationships among aquatic biology journals (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 227-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Simple quantitative indices of pair-wise journal citation relatedness (based on the numbers of references given to and received from a journal title, which are provided by Science Citation Index database) are translated by an automatic clustering procedure into a meaningful map diagram reflecting topical relatedness of journals within a field of science. Such a map for 60 journals in marine and freshwater biology and related sciences published in 1987 reveals a tight cluster of marine biology journals quite distinct from the freshwater biology journal cluster and from the fisheries cluster. The journals within the marine biology cluster and those with strongest pair-wise links with them can be regarded as the core journals in marine biology. Indices of unilateral citation relatedness are used to obtain diagrams, which we term citograms. The citograms visualize patterns of citation relatedness of a journal (its citing and being cited). Journal self-citation can be meaningfully estimated using the bilateral index of relatedness. Self-citation is high in specialized or regional journal titles. It also appears to be quite substantial in journals of broader scope, which possibly reflect authors' subjective preferences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017642
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical analysis of astronomical papers of China during 1986–1990 (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 237-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract We present the distribution of astronomical papers published by Chinese authors in 1986–1990 across the various subfields of astronomy, the total number of papers produced by each observatory or university during the five years, and the ranking of the observatories by productivity. Our main data base includes 24 journals: 9 foreign ones published in English, 10 Chinese national ones, and 5 Chinese observatory publications. About 70 journals published by Chinese universities have also been consulted. This data base covers up to 90% of all astronomical papers published during this period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017643
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer-aided clustering of citation networks as a tool of mapping of research trends in biomedicine (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 247-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The use of the cluster analysis in scientometrics is dealt with. The ways of developing citation networks and mapping research field with the help of this method are also presented. The methodology of computer-aided cluster analysis of citation is described, which allows to map the structure of a research field and to identify main tendencies of its development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017644
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prices and impact factors of interdisciplinary social science journals (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 259-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract An examination of the relationships between journal impact factors and individual subscription prices of interdisciplinary social science journals revealed a very small and statistically nonsignificant negative association.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017645
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative studies of science in the eighties indexes to “current bibliographies” 1–17 (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 32 (1995), S. 263-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017646
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A dual refinement of journal self-citation measures (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Journal self-citation is one of the crucial bibliometric indicators, which measures the contribution of a journal towards a speciality. Journal self-citation rate is normalised by adapting a two stage refinement. The normalised self-citing rates are compared with external cited rate to know the self and external influence of journals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020772
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using neural networks to study networks of scientific journals (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 23-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract In this paper a new approach to study science dynamics is introduced. This approach is based in the use of Kohonen preserving topology maps, a kind of neural network. Four data set consisting in cross-citation matrix are studied using this approach. Relations maps and domains maps are computed for these data sets and interrelationships among journals are studied. This approach allow to stude both, hierarchical journal structure in a given time and evolution of relations among journals in a given time lag.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020773
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Besides academic publications: Which sectors compete, or are there competitors? (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 3-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Since its beginning thirty years ago, bibliometrics has mainly studied academic publications. More often, theScience Citation Index (SCI) is treated as a whole, without breakdown of papers by sectors (university, government, industry). However, between 15% and 30% of the SCI publications comes from other sectors than university. We present the first bibliometric analysis of papers broken down by sectors. The data have been used to test the following hypothesis: the share of papers by sectors other than university is increasing, while university's share is decreasing. The hypothesis is tested for Quebec over the period 1980–1990. It appears that it is true that the share of papers by sectors other than university is increasing. And this is so at a rate greater than that of university's growth. Quebec's university sector has decreased its share of papers over the ten-year period from 89.2% to 85.1%. However, university remains the top sector in terms of papers and remains the main partner of each sector in terms of cosignatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020771
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chinese communication studies: A citation analysis of Chinese communication research in English-language journals (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 65-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The study employs citation analysis method to identify the disciplines and active research areas in communication studies on communication systems in China. Moreover, the study seeks to contribute to the methodological issues of citation analysis by including new variables in the analysis. Using Chinese communication research in 11 Chinese/Asian studies journals and 13 journalism/communication journals published in English since 1931, the study found that there were little exchanges between Chinese studies and communication scholars. Howerver, the study showed that by including two variables—theme of articles and academic affiliation of authors, the findings can more accurate demonstrate the relationship between the research activities and disciplines cited.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020775
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the significance of data bases keywords for alarge scale bibliometric investigation in fundamental physics (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 41-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract We present an automatized bibliometric investigation applied to the field of fundamental research in physics. We briefly describe the scientific context motivating this study and the statistical method used for analyzing the data. We discuss in more detail how we adapted our investigation to the questions motivating this study, namely the identification of relevant groups working in a well defined subfield of physics. We next present the results of our investigation. We particularly focus on an analysis of Index and Free terms, as obtained from the INSPEC data base we used for performing the bibliometric investigation. We discuss the relevance of Index and Free terms by means of a separation between “Noise”, “Interesting” and “Trivial” entries. We show that Index and Free terms exhibit somewhat different behaviors when considered as distributions in terms of frequencies of occurrence in the references. We show the particular relevance of Free terms in this analysis. This may be connected to the emerging nature of the subfield of physics under consideration. This shed an interesting light on the respective importance of Index and Free terms, as entries of data bases, in particular in the case of rapidly evolving scientific domains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020774
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does it pay to cooperate? A bibliometric case study in molecular biology (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 117-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Various bibliometric studies report that multiinstitutional or multinational authored papers are more frequently cited than papers that come from a single institute. The conclusion, however, that there is a systematic improvement of scientific success by cooperation on every level of scientific research in leading or mediocre research institutes might be misleading: In a citation analysis of 13 well-known research institutes in molecular biology there was no difference in the average citations per paper with regard to cooperations. In a subsample of 7 German institutes that difference found could be explained by selfcitations. In another case, all articles of a two year sample of an excellent journal in molecular biology, the EMBO-Journal, the same phenomenon could be observed: Differences in the average citations per article with regard to cooperations could be explained by selfcitations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020777
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On generalising scientometric journal mapping beyond ISI's journal and citation databases (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 93-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract This article presents results of a study on the applicability of journal mapping of knowledge domains beyond the databases produced by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). The utility and validity of this generalisation is discussed with an emphasis on its added value in comparison to ‘traditional’ ISI-based journal maps, i.e. those restricted to (predominantly English-language) ISI-covered journals, and journal-to-journal citation data retrieved from ISI'sJournal Citation Reports. The mapping methodology was applied to Manufacturing technology and management — a multidisciplinary domain situated on the interface of science and technology. TheInternational Journal of Production Economics was singled out as a special case for the validation study of the maps. Results of this study, involving several subject experts, indicate that a journal content-based map was not only far superior to the journal citation map, but also outperformed the map derived from the combination of both types of data. The selection of periodicals from other databases such as COMPENDEX produced a substantial number of additional titles of which only half were also covered by ISI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020776
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “Hyphenation” of databases in building scientometric indicators (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 131-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020565
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Refereeing system of 29 life science journals preferred by Japanese scientists (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 123-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this paper is to study the referee systems of foreign scientific journals in the field of life sciences preferred by Japanese researchers. This survey has been conducted in response to the need of Japanese authors for current information about the refereeing systems of foreign life science journals. Based on questionnaire data obtained from 29 journal editors, this paper describes the refereeing systems. This survey showed that most Japanese researchers in the field of life sciences tried to submit their papers to prestigious foreign journals with a higher rejection rate. There was a high correlation between the rejection rate and the impact factor in the field of biochemistry and molecular biology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020778
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling the growth of papers in a scientific specialty (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 187-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract A growth model of the journal literature is proposed and applied to the growth of the literature of theoretical population genetics (1850–1980).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020568
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Size effects in the assessment of discipline-contribution scores: An example from the social sciences (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 203-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Pichappan's formulation of the Discipline-Contribution Score (DCS) in the identification of core disciplinary journals is applied to social science literature. Modifications are made to Pichappan's method to cater for problems associated with low citation counts. Further analysis is undertaken to verify Pichappan's claims concerning the size-independent nature of the DCS score. The proposed modified formulation of the DCS calculation facilitates research into small research fields, and those characterised by low citation rates. The modified equation is tested on business and management literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020569
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    World science in 18 disciplinary areas: Comparative evaluation of the publication patterns of 48 countries over the period 1981–1992 (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 149-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract In order to be able to develop indicators that can measure the scientific and technological productivity of a nation, it is helpful to have at one's command a prior purely descriptive global overview of how various nations stand with respect to each other with regard to world science, i.e., to dispose of a framework for the elaboration of future quantitative studies. ISI has recently made available a highly comprehensive multidisciplinary database (over 6 million bibliometric entries from 1981 to 1992) that is founded on top-echelon journals and that can form the basis of such a framework. We have in the present study defined a publication pattern per nation that reflects its interest and potential in 18 disciplines and compared the publication patterns of 48 nations by descriptive multivariate analysis, i.e., by measuring the distance between nations in the n-dimensional system. Proximity is a sign of similarity, distance of diversity. Three multivariate methods of distance measurement were used: a hierarchical classification, the distance of each nation from the centre of gravity of the system calculated by χ2-metrics (typicality of behaviour), a bi-plot of the χ2-distances of 46 countries with respect to two reference countries that highlights clusters of nations with similar behaviour. The resultant plots are open to interpretation by experts. We conclude that three factors, geographical proximity, culture, and economic development are the principal determinants of the publication patterns of nations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020566
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quasi-quantitative measures of research performance: An assessment of construct validity and reliability (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 169-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper argues that research performance is essentially a multidimensional concept which cannot be encapsulated into a single universal criterion. Various indicators used in quantitative studies on research performance at micro or meso-levels can be classified into two broad categories: (i) objective or quantitative indicators (e.g. counts of publications, patents, algorithms or other artifacts of research output) and (ii) subjective or qualitative indicators which represent evaluative judgement of peers, usually measured on Likert or semantic differential scales. Because of their weak measurement properties, subjective indicators can also be designated as quasi-quantitative measures. This paper is concerned with the factorial structure and construct validity of quasi-quantitative measures of research performance used in a large-scale empirical study carried out in India. In this study, a reflective measurement model incorporating four latent variables (R & D effectiveness, Recognition, User-oriented effectiveness and Administrative effectiveness) is assumed. The latent variables are operationalized through thirteen indicators measured on 5-point semantic differential scales. Convergent validity, discriminant validity and reliability of the measurement model are tested through LISREL procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020567
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mathematical modelling of the scientific personnel movement taking into account the productivity factor (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 221-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract An approach to the dynamic optimization of the age structure of scientific personnel in an organization is presented. The appropriate mathematical model describing the age rotation of scientific workers is formulated and the criterion for maximizing the integral productivity of available scientific personnel over given time horizon is introduced. The criterion is constructed by using such scientometric instrument as the “curves of age productivity”. The practical application of suggested approach is demonstrated by means of real example.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020570
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of citations matrices to group journals (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 257-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract A method of grouping journals within a wide discipline area into clusters is proposed, based on a algorithm that attempts to re-order a citations matrix so that it is block diagonal, or block recursive. The algorithm is based on a penalty function which allows one to account for the level of citation, not just the distribution of citations between journals. A case study involving eight economics journals is presented which illustrates the principles involved, but which also highlights the computational problems associated with extending the analysis to larger numbers of journals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020572
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The scientometric weight of 50 nations in 27 science areas, 1989–1993. Part I. All fields combined, mathematics, engineering, chemistry and physics (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 263-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017332
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scientometric portrait of T. S. West (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 233-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract T. S. West, the internationally well known analytical chemist has been widely recognised as a very successful scientist. His research productivity and collaboration pattern were analysed by years, papers, authorships, and authorwise productivity. The channels of communications used and distribution of articles among channels were found out. He has 410 papers to his credit. The period 1969–70 when he was 42–43 years age was most productive with 41 papers in 1969 and seven single authorship papers in 1970. Quienquennial collaboration coefficients ranged between 0.57 to 1.00, clearly indicating high collaboration team spirit in his research group. His productivity coefficient was 0.45 indicating rapid publication activity during early period of research career. His most prominent collaborators in number of papers were: R. M. Dagnall (92), G. F. Kirkbright (77), R. Belcher (56), K. C. Thompson (19), J. D. Norris (13), and J. F. Alder (11). Top ranking journals, with papers, to which he had contributed were:Anal. Chim. Acta (106),Talanta (84),The Analyst (49),Anal. Chem. (23), andJ. Chem. Soc. (20). Publication density was 8.54, publication concentration was 6.25, and average Bradford multiplier was 3.9. High frequency keywords in the titles of the articles were: Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (51), Atomic absorption spectroscopy (43), and Atomic absorption spectrometry (31). The results indicate his temporal publication productivity and the nature of the research activities were such that he is eminently qualified to be taken as a ‘role model’ for the younger generation to emulate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020571
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collaboration in Indian physics: A case study of the macro and micro parametrization of sub-disciplines (1800–1950) (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 295-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The decade beginning 1920 is an important watershed in the history of physics in modern India. This is evident from the bibliometric data available on the publications in physics between 1800 and 1950. The paper studies the evolution of collaboration in four subdisciplines of physics during this period. In order to do so, two sets of measures of research collaboration have been employed. The collaboration index and collaboration coefficient have been calculated for the sub-disciplines. As far as the micro-parametrization of the discipline is concerned, collaboration measures developed by Egghe are obtained for the research careers of four leading Indian physicists, who were responsible for the institutionalization of physics research in India. In the present case the role of individuals responsible for the institutionalization of physics research is seen to be germane to the explosion of the number of publications in the 1920s. At the conjucture of the history of science and scientometrics, it is evident how the former can endow the latter with a modality of explanation; further, it is evident how scientometrics can inform the efforts of historians of science.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017333
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of the concept of post-industrial society and information society: A citation analysis study (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 329-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract A detailed quantitative, citation study is made on the concepts of Bell, Machlup, and Drucker related to the economic and social effects of the growth of information-based industries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017335
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Industrial research in India as viewed throughResearch & Industry (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 315-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The paper examines the bibliometric characteristics of industrial research activity of India. The study reveals that public-funded R&D is the major contributor of research papers, inResearch & Industry while the contribution of in-house R&D centres is lacking. Among the two industrial sectors (Chemical and Engineering), much of the R&D activity, as reflected by published papers, has been in chemical and allied industries. However, there appears to be a significant change in emphasis during the decade studied, namely a decrease in R&D activity in engineering industries with a corresponding increase in ‘miscellaneous’ industries. There is a significant increase in exploratory research. R&D and industry interface is found inadequate. Multiplicity of authorship is gradually increasing. Indian Industrial research is heavily dependent on foreign and non-patent literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017334
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Locating the network of interacting authors in scientific specialties (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 351-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper seeks to describe the social circles, networks, or invisible colleges etc that make a scientific speciality in terms of (mathematically precise) sets generated by documents citation and accessible through theSocial Science Citation Index \TM . The document and author sets that encompass a scientific speciality are the basis for some interdependent citation matrices. We illustrate our method of construction of these sets and matrices through an application to the literature on \ldinvisible colleges\rd.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017336
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using neural networks to study networks of scientific journals (1995)
    Springer
    Scientometrics 33 (1995), S. 423-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2861
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017339
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...