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  • Organic Chemistry  (813)
  • Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules  (491)
  • Nuclear Structure  (392)
  • Seismology
  • 2015-2019  (1,176)
  • 1950-1954  (452)
  • 1925-1929  (360)
  • 2016  (1,176)
  • 1952  (452)
  • 1928  (360)
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  • 2015-2019  (1,176)
  • 1950-1954  (452)
  • 1925-1929  (360)
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  • 1
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    LFASE data transcription software CGG2ROSE2 version 1.1 : program report (2016)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Seismic data obtained using borehole seismometers during the LFASE experiment (Stephen et al, 1989; Koelsch et al, 1990) are retrieved from the seafloor instrument package and converted to a data format more suitable for analysis with existing computer systems. This report describes the computer program CGG2ROSE2 for converting LFASE optical disk files recorded in CGG format by the data acquisition computer into standard ROSE format data files on a VAX/VMS computer. CGG2ROSE2 provides features for rearranging LFASE data into smaller segments, making corrections to timing information, and replacing file header information.
    Keywords: Seismic arrays ; Seismology
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Working Paper
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  • 2
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    LFASE data processing system overview (2016)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: This technical report provides an overview of the LFASE data processing system. This software system is made up of over twenty-five programs which are used to acquire, reduce, and analyze acoustic seismic data collected during the Low Frequency Acoustic Seismic Experiment (LFASE) (Stephen et al, 1989; Koelsch et al, 1990). This report is directed at scientific and engineering personnel who wish to understand the overall LFASE data processing system as well as the individual processing procedures which are utilized during each stage of data reduction and interpretation. The report is also directed at programmers, data processors, technicians, and other individuals who plan to work with LFASE programs and data.
    Keywords: Seismic arrays ; Seismology
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 3
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    Bottom array specifications for the low frequency acoustic seismic experiment (LFASE) (2016)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: The Low Frequency Acoustic Seismic Experiment (LFASE) was conducted to measure sound propagation and ambient noise above, at and below the sea floor. To this end an array consisting of four geophone nodes was introduced into a DSDP borehole. These seismic sensors were clamped inside the borehole at various depths below the ocean floor. The geophone array was connected by an electromechanical cable to a bottom reentry structure (BCU frame) housing the Data Recording Unit (DRU), the Data Telemetry Unit (DTU), the Bottom Control Unit (BCU) and the power supply.
    Description: Report prepared under Office of Naval Research Contracts #N00014-89-C-0018, N00014-89-J-1012 and Office of Naval Technology Contract #00014-90-C-0098, WHOI Project #13/1012
    Keywords: Seismic arrays ; Seismology ; Melville (Ship) Cruise HYDR01MV ; Melville (Ship) Cruise HYDR05MV ; Melville (Ship) Cruise HYDR09MV ; Melville (Ship) Cruise HYDR10MV
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 4
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    Progress report on the development of the seafloor borehole array seismic system (phase II) : July 14, 1992 to January 31, 1996 (2016)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: The Seafloor Borehole Array Seismic System (SEABASS) was originally developed to record autonomously on the seafloor the signals received on a four-sonde three-component borehole geophone array in the VLF band (2-50Hz)(Stephen eta!., 1994). The system is designed to use the wireline re-entry capability (Spiess, 1993; Spiess eta!., 1992) to install and retrieve the seafloor instrumentation (Figures 1 and 2). Following the successful demonstration of this technology on the LFASE (Low Frequency Acoustic-Seismic Experiment) project in September 1989, it was decided to extend the capability to broadband (1000sec-5Hz) borehole seismometers which could be used for permanent seafloor seismic observatories in the Ocean Seismic Network (Orcutt and Stephen, 1993; Purdy and Dziewonski, 1988; Purdy and Orcutt, 1995; Stephen, 1995; Sutton and Barstow, 1990; Sutton eta!., 1988; Sutton eta!., 1965). The Broadband Borehole Seismic System (B3S2) is the prototype system for permanent broadband borehole seismic observatories on the seafloor. It has three major components: i) a broadband borehole seismometer, the Teledyne 54000, modified for seafloor operations by Scripps-IGPP; ii) the re-entry system provided by Scripps-MPL; and iii) the seafloor recording system developed by WHO I. Because of the similarity of the seafloor recording system to SEABASS we have named this new system SEABASS-ll. This report discusses the development of SEABASS-Il at WHOI in the period from July 14, 1992 to January 31, 1996. The motivation for the project and a work statement are contained in WHOI proposals 7016 and 7016.1. This report is a collection of documentation prepared while the work was being carried out. Some of the issues discussed in early memos were subsequently changed. Modifications and further testing of SEABASS-ll, as well as final system integration tests with the borehole andreentry systems (both of which are also still being modified and tested) have still to be carried out in preparation for the OSN Pilot Experiment Cruise in Spring 1997. This is a preliminary report only and presents work in progress. It will be useful to the engineering team as a historical reference of the sequence of events in the development of SEABASS-ll but it should not be considered as a technical manual for the instrumentation.
    Keywords: Seismology ; Borehole gravimetry ; Ocean bottom ; Oceanographic instruments
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 5
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    Tests of the broadband borehole seismic system (B³S²) at Scripps IGPP and the Pinon Flat Observatory : October 1994 to June 1995 (2016)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The broadband borehole seismic system (B3S2) is being developed as one component of the Ocean Seismic Network (OSN) Pilot Experiment which will be carried out at the OSN-1 Site off Hawaii in Winter 1998. The other major instruments being developed for the experiment are a Broadband Ocean Bottom Seismometer and a Shallow Buried Broadband Ocean Bottom Seismometer. B3S2 consists of four major components: 1) a borehole sonde with a re-entry guide, Teledyne 54000 broadband seismometer, and REFTEK digitizing system, 2) a seafloor acquisition and recording system (SEABASS), 3) a control vehicle for deploying the sonde in a borehole, and 4) shipboard command and control electronics. The deployment system is very similar to the SEABASS configuration used on LFASE (Stephen eta!, 1994). The purposes of the tests at Pinon Flat were: 1) to integrate the borehole sonde and seafloor and shipboard electronics which had been constructed by different groups: WHOI and SIO/IGPP; 2) test the combined subsystem in a wet borehole environment using actual cables and simulating seafloor conditions; and 3) acquire seismic ambient noise and earthquake data over approximately a three month period for comparison with known stations at the Pinon Flat Observatory.
    Description: This work was carried out under NSF Grants No. OCE-91-18943 and OCE No. OCE-95-05730: "A Broadband Borehole Seismometer for the Deep Ocean - Development and Land Testing"
    Keywords: Seismology ; Borehole gravity meters ; Ocean bottom ; Oceanographic instruments
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 6
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    LFASE borehole array data acquisition and reduction summary (2016)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: On the Low Frequency Acoustic - Seismic Experiment (LFASE), carried out at DSDP hole 534A in August, 1989, WHOI was responsible for acquiring data from a twelve channel borehole seismic array. Data were acquired both on-board while tethered to the array and autonomously in a seafloor package. Seismic source data (explosives and airguns) and ambient noise data were recorded. This report describes the nature of data acquired, reviews the data reduction procedure from field format to ROSE data format, and includes examples of the data. A total of918.6 Mbytes of data were acquired (769 Mbytes in the shipboard recording mode and 149.6 Mbytes in the seafloor recording mode). Approximately 85 explosive shots, 2000 airgun shots, and 10 hours of ambient noise data were recorded.
    Keywords: Seismic arrays ; Seismology
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 7
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    Octupole correlations in low-lying states of ^{150} Nd and ^{150} Sm and their impact on neutrinoless double-β decay (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-12
    Description: Author(s): J. M. Yao and J. Engel We present a generator-coordinate calculation, based on a relativistic energy-density functional, of the low-lying spectra in the isotopes Nd 150 and Sm 150 and of the nuclear matrix element that governs the neutrinoless double- β decay of the first isotope to the second. We carefully examine the impac… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 014306] Published Mon Jul 11, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 8
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    Earth's free oscillations excited by the 2011 Tohoku Mw 9.0 earthquake detected with a groundwater level array in mainland China (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Earth's free oscillations excited by a mega-thrust earthquake were observed by a continent-scale array of groundwater monitoring sites for the first time. After the occurrence of the 2011 Tohoku M w 9.0 earthquake, water level records at 43 out of 216 wells in the China mainland revealed long-period free oscillation signals. In the time domain, these free oscillations exhibit globe circling Rayleigh surface waves. In some single wells, even the globe-circling Rayleigh wave R7 was visible, which travels three times around the Earth after the first arrival and appears about 10 hr after the earthquake occurrence in the present case. The spectral analysis shows that the principal oscillatory fluctuations seen in the water level records correspond to the spheroidal modes 0 S l ( l  = 2–31 for frequencies between 0.3 and 5.0 mHz) of the Earth's free oscillation. Especially at quiet sites, the spheroidal modes at very low frequencies (〈1.5 mHz) can be identified with high signal-to-noise ratios. Using signal enhancement methods (product spectrum over 43 wells), even the gravest modes of these oscillations can be detected. The results suggest that groundwater level arrays can be considered as a low-cost complementary tool to study the Earth's free oscillations excited by great earthquakes. Additionally, the site-specific aquifer response may provide further insight into local hydrogeological conditions.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 9
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    Estimation of dynamic friction of the Akatani landslide from seismic waveform inversion and numerical simulation (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: We performed numerical simulations of the 2011 deep-seated Akatani landslide in central Japan to understand the dynamic evolution of friction of the landslide. By comparing the forces obtained from numerical simulation to those resolved from seismic waveform inversion, the coefficient of the friction during sliding was investigated in the range of 0.1–0.4. The simulation assuming standard Coulomb friction shows that the forces obtained by the seismic waveform inversion are well explained using a constant friction of μ = 0.3. A small difference between the residuals of Coulomb simulation and a velocity-dependent simulation suggests that the coefficient of friction over the volume is well constrained as 0.3 most of time during sliding. It suggests the sudden loss of shearing resistance at the onset of sliding, that is, sudden drop of the initial coefficient of friction in our model, which accelerates the deep-seated landslide. Our numerical simulation calibrated by seismic data provides the evolution of dynamic friction with a reasonable resolution in time, which is difficult to obtain from a conventional runout simulation, or seismic waveform inversion alone.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 10
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    Anelastic sensitivity kernels with parsimonious storage for adjoint tomography and full waveform inversion (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: We introduce a technique to compute exact anelastic sensitivity kernels in the time domain using parsimonious disk storage. The method is based on a reordering of the time loop of time-domain forward/adjoint wave propagation solvers combined with the use of a memory buffer. It avoids instabilities that occur when time-reversing dissipative wave propagation simulations. The total number of required time steps is unchanged compared to usual acoustic or elastic approaches. The cost is reduced by a factor of 4/3 compared to the case in which anelasticity is partially accounted for by accommodating the effects of physical dispersion. We validate our technique by performing a test in which we compare the K α sensitivity kernel to the exact kernel obtained by saving the entire forward calculation. This benchmark confirms that our approach is also exact. We illustrate the importance of including full attenuation in the calculation of sensitivity kernels by showing significant differences with physical-dispersion-only kernels.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 11
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    Two-dimensional time-domain finite-difference modeling for viscoelastic seismic wave propagation (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: Real Earth media are not perfectly elastic. Instead, they attenuate propagating mechanical waves. This anelastic phenomenon in wave propagation can be modeled by a viscoelastic mechanical model consisting of several standard linear solids. Using this viscoelastic model, we approximate a constant Q over a frequency band of interest. We use a four-element viscoelastic model with a trade-off between accuracy and computational costs to incorporate Q into 2-D time-domain first-order velocity–stress wave equations. To improve the computational efficiency, we limit the Q in the model to a list of discrete values between 2 and 1000. The related stress and strain relaxation times that characterize the viscoelastic model are pre-calculated and stored in a database for use by the finite-difference calculation. A viscoelastic finite-difference scheme that is second order in time and fourth order in space is developed based on the MacCormack algorithm. The new method is validated by comparing the numerical result with analytical solutions that are calculated using the generalized reflection/transmission coefficient method. The synthetic seismograms exhibit greater than 95 per cent consistency in a two-layer viscoelastic model. The dispersion generated from the simulation is consistent with the Kolsky–Futterman dispersion relationship.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 12
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    The Showa Sanriku earthquake of 1933 March 2: a global seismological reassessment (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-13
    Description: After 83 yr, the great normal-faulting earthquake of 1933 March 2, which took place off the Japan Trench and produced a devastating tsunami on the Sanriku coast and damaging waves in Hawaii, remains the largest recorded normal-faulting earthquake. This study uses advanced methods to investigate this event using far-field seismological and tsunami data and complements a sister study by Uchida et al. which used exclusively arrival times at Japanese stations. Our relocation of the main shock (39.22°N, 144.45°E, with a poorly constrained depth of less than 40 km) places it in the outer trench slope, below a seafloor depth of ~6500 m, in a region of horst-and-graben structure, with fault scarps approximately parallel to the axis of the Japan Trench. Relocated aftershocks show a band of genuine shallow aftershocks parallel to the Japan Trench under the outer trench slope and a region of post-mainshock events landward of the trench axis that occur over roughly the same latitude range and are thought to be the result of stress transfer to the interplate thrust boundary following the normal-faulting rupture. Based on a combination of P -wave first motions and inversion of surface wave spectral amplitudes, we propose a normal-faulting focal mechanism ( = 200°, = 61° and = 271°) and a seismic moment M 0 = (7 ± 1) x 10 28 dyn cm ( M w = 8.5). A wide variety of data, including the distribution of isoseismals, the large magnitudes (up to 8.9) proposed by early investigators before the standardization of magnitude scales, estimates of energy-to-moment ratios and the tentative identification of a T wave at Pasadena (and possibly Riverside), clearly indicate that this seismic source was exceptionally rich in high-frequency wave energy, suggesting a large apparent stress and a sharp rise time, and consistent with the behaviour of many smaller shallow normal-faulting earthquakes. Hydrodynamic simulations based on a range of possible sources consistent with the above findings, including a compound rupture on two opposite-facing normal-faulting segments, are in satisfactory agreement with tsunami observations in Hawaii, where run-up reached 3 m, causing significant damage. This study emphasizes the need to include off-trench normal-faulting earthquake sources in global assessments of tsunami hazards emanating from the subduction of old and cold plates, whose total length of trenches exceed 20 000 km, even though only a handful of great such events are known with confidence in the instrumental record.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 13
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    3-D P- and S-wave velocity structure and low-frequency earthquake locations in the Parkfield, California region (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: To refine the 3-D seismic velocity model in the greater Parkfield, California region, a new data set including regular earthquakes, shots, quarry blasts and low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) was assembled. Hundreds of traces of each LFE family at two temporary arrays were stacked with time–frequency domain phase weighted stacking method to improve signal-to-noise ratio. We extend our model resolution to lower crustal depth with LFE data. Our result images not only previously identified features but also low velocity zones (LVZs) in the area around the LFEs and the lower crust beneath the southern Rinconada Fault. The former LVZ is consistent with high fluid pressure that can account for several aspects of LFE behaviour. The latter LVZ is consistent with a high conductivity zone in magnetotelluric studies. A new Vs model was developed with S picks that were obtained with a new autopicker. At shallow depth, the low Vs areas underlie the strongest shaking areas in the 2004 Parkfield earthquake. We relocate LFE families and analyse the location uncertainties with the NonLinLoc and tomoDD codes. The two methods yield similar results.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 14
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    Constraining the generalized uncertainty principle with cold atoms (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: Author(s): Dongfeng Gao and Mingsheng Zhan Various theories of quantum gravity predict the existence of a minimum length scale, which implies the Planck-scale modifications of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle to a so-called generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). Previous studies of the GUP focused on its implications for high-energy ph… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013607] Published Thu Jul 14, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 15
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    Bosonic Josephson effect in the Fano-Anderson model (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: Author(s): G. Engelhardt, G. Schaller, and T. Brandes We investigate the coherent dynamics of a noninteracting Bose-Einstein condensate in a system consisting of two bosonic reservoirs coupled via a spatially localized mode. We describe this system by a two-terminal Fano-Anderson model and investigate analytically the time evolution of observables such… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013608] Published Thu Jul 14, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
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  • 16
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    Beyond Gaussian pair fluctuation theory for strongly interacting Fermi gases (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: Author(s): Brendan C. Mulkerin, Xia-Ji Liu, and Hui Hu Interacting Fermi systems in the strongly correlated regime play a fundamental role in many areas of physics and are of particular interest to the condensed matter community. Though weakly interacting fermions are understood, strongly correlated fermions are difficult to describe theoretically as th… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013610] Published Mon Jul 18, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
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  • 17
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    Anharmonicity of multi–octupole-phonon excitations in ^{208} Pb: Analysis with multireference covariant density functional theory and subbarrier fusion of ^{16} O+ ^{208} Pb (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: Author(s): J. M. Yao and K. Hagino We discuss anharmonicity of the multi–octupole-phonon states in Pb 208 based on a covariant density functional theory by fully taking into account the interplay between the quadrupole and the octupole degrees of freedom. Our results indicate the existence of a large anharmonicity in the transition st… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 011303(R)] Published Mon Jul 18, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
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  • 18
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    Simultaneous denoising and reconstruction of 5-D seismic data via damped rank-reduction method (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-20
    Description: The Cadzow rank-reduction method can be effectively utilized in simultaneously denoising and reconstructing 5-D seismic data that depend on four spatial dimensions. The classic version of Cadzow rank-reduction method arranges the 4-D spatial data into a level-four block Hankel/Toeplitz matrix and then applies truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) for rank reduction. When the observed data are extremely noisy, which is often the feature of real seismic data, traditional TSVD cannot be adequate for attenuating the noise and reconstructing the signals. The reconstructed data tend to contain a significant amount of residual noise using the traditional TSVD method, which can be explained by the fact that the reconstructed data space is a mixture of both signal subspace and noise subspace. In order to better decompose the block Hankel matrix into signal and noise components, we introduced a damping operator into the traditional TSVD formula, which we call the damped rank-reduction method. The damped rank-reduction method can obtain a perfect reconstruction performance even when the observed data have extremely low signal-to-noise ratio. The feasibility of the improved 5-D seismic data reconstruction method was validated via both 5-D synthetic and field data examples. We presented comprehensive analysis of the data examples and obtained valuable experience and guidelines in better utilizing the proposed method in practice. Since the proposed method is convenient to implement and can achieve immediate improvement, we suggest its wide application in the industry.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 19
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    Dynamic transverse shear modulus for a heterogeneous fluid-filled porous solid containing cylindrical inclusions (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-21
    Description: An exact analytical solution is presented for the effective dynamic transverse shear modulus in a heterogeneous fluid-filled porous solid containing cylindrical inclusions. The complex and frequency-dependent properties of the dynamic shear modulus are caused by the physical mechanism of mesoscopic-scale wave-induced fluid flow whose scale is smaller than wavelength but larger than the size of pores. Our model consists of three phases: a long cylindrical inclusion, a cylindrical shell of poroelastic matrix material with different mechanical and/or hydraulic properties than the inclusion and an outer region of effective homogeneous medium of laterally infinite extent. The behavior of both the inclusion and the matrix is described by Biot's consolidation equations, whereas the surrounding effective medium which is used to describe the effective transverse shear properties of the inner poroelastic composite is assumed to be a viscoelastic solid whose complex transverse shear modulus needs to be determined. The determined effective transverse shear modulus is used to quantify the S -wave attenuation and velocity dispersion in heterogeneous fluid-filled poroelastic rocks. The calculation shows the relaxation frequency and relative position of various fluid saturation dispersion curves predicted by this study exhibit very good agreement with those of a previous 2-D finite-element simulation. For the double-porosity model (inclusions having a different solid frame than the matrix but the same pore fluid as the matrix) the effective shear modulus also exhibits a size-dependent characteristic that the relaxation frequency moves to lower frequencies by two orders of magnitude if the radius of the cylindrical poroelastic composite increases by one order of magnitude. For the patchy-saturation model (inclusions having the same solid frame as the matrix but with a different pore fluid from the matrix), the heterogeneity in pore fluid cannot cause any attenuation in the transverse shear modulus at all. A comparison with the case of spherical inclusions illustrates that the transverse shear modulus for the cylindrical inclusion exhibits more S -wave attenuation than spherical inclusions.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 20
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    Finite-speed-of-light perturbation in atom gravimeters (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-21
    Description: Author(s): Yu-Jie Tan, Cheng-Gang Shao, and Zhong-Kun Hu The finite-speed-of-light (FSL) effect is a systematic error in atom gravimeters arising from the time delay due to the propagation of the light. It includes the frequency-chirp-independent part and the frequency-chirp-dependent part, which were not considered completely. The FSL effect in atom grav… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013612] Published Wed Jul 20, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
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  • 21
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    Engineering many-body dynamics with quantum light potentials and measurements (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-22
    Description: Author(s): T. J. Elliott and I. B. Mekhov Interactions between many-body atomic systems in optical lattices and light in cavities induce long-range and correlated atomic dynamics beyond the standard Bose-Hubbard model, due to the global nature of the light modes. We characterize these processes, and show that uniting such phenomena with dyn… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013614] Published Thu Jul 21, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
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    Temperature dependence of the giant dipole resonance width in ^{152} Gd (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-22
    Description: Author(s): C. Ghosh, G. Mishra, A. K. Rhine Kumar, N. Dokania, V. Nanal, R. G. Pillay, Suresh Kumar, P. C. Rout, Sandeep Joshi, and P. Arumugam To investigate the dependence of giant dipole resonance (GDR) width on temperature ( T ) and angular momentum ( J ) , high energy γ -ray spectra were measured in the reaction Si 28 + Sn 124 at E Si 28 = 135 MeV. The J information was deduced from multiplicity of low-energy γ rays. The GDR parameters, namely, the … [Phys. Rev. C 94, 014318] Published Thu Jul 21, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 23
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    Dynamics of Hubbard Hamiltonians with the multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree method for indistinguishable particles (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-23
    Description: Author(s): Axel U. J. Lode and Christoph Bruder We apply the multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree method for indistinguishable particles (MCTDH-X) to systems of bosons or fermions in lattices described by Hubbard-type Hamiltonians with long-range or short-range interparticle interactions. The wave function is expanded in a variationally op… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013616] Published Fri Jul 22, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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  • 24
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    Theory for Bose-Einstein condensation of light in nanofabricated semiconductor microcavities (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-23
    Description: Author(s): A.-W. de Leeuw, E. C. I. van der Wurff, R. A. Duine, D. van Oosten, and H. T. C. Stoof We construct a theory for Bose-Einstein condensation of light in nanofabricated semiconductor microcavities. We model the semiconductor by one conduction and one valence band which consist of electrons and holes that interact via a Coulomb interaction. Moreover, we incorporate screening effects by u… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013615] Published Fri Jul 22, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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  • 25
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    Ray-theoretical modeling of secondary microseism P waves (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-24
    Description: Secondary microseism sources are pressure fluctuations close to the ocean surface. They generate acoustic P waves that propagate in water down to the ocean bottom where they are partly reflected and partly transmitted into the crust to continue their propagation through the Earth. We present the theory for computing the displacement power spectral density of secondary microseism P waves recorded by receivers in the far field. In the frequency domain, the P -wave displacement can be modeled as the product of (1) the pressure source, (2) the source site effect that accounts for the constructive interference of multiply reflected P waves in the ocean, (3) the propagation from the ocean bottom to the stations and (4) the receiver site effect. Secondary microseism P waves have weak amplitudes, but they can be investigated by beamforming analysis. We validate our approach by analysing the seismic signals generated by typhoon Ioke (2006) and recorded by the Southern California Seismic Network. Backprojecting the beam onto the ocean surface enables to follow the source motion. The observed beam centroid is in the vicinity of the pressure source derived from the ocean wave model WAVEWATCH III R . The pressure source is then used for modeling the beam and a good agreement is obtained between measured and modeled beam amplitude variation over time. This modeling approach can be used to invert P -wave noise data and retrieve the source intensity and lateral extent.
    Keywords: Seismology
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    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 26
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    A new source discriminant based on frequency dispersion for hydroacoustic phases recorded by T-phase stations (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-24
    Description: In the context of the verification of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test Ban Treaty in the marine environment, we present a new discriminant based on the empirical observation that hydroacoustic phases recorded at T -phase stations from explosive sources in the water column feature a systematic inverse dispersion, with lower frequencies traveling slower, which is absent from signals emanating from earthquake sources. This difference is present even in the case of the so-called ‘hotspot earthquakes’ occurring inside volcanic edifices featuring steep slopes leading to efficient seismic–acoustic conversions, which can lead to misidentification of such events as explosions when using more classical duration-amplitude discriminants. We propose an algorithm for the compensation of the effect of dispersion over the hydroacoustic path based on a correction to the spectral phase of the ground velocity recorded by the T -phase station, computed individually from the dispersion observed on each record. We show that the application of a standard amplitude-duration algorithm to the resulting compensated time-series satisfactorily identifies records from hotspot earthquakes as generated by dislocation sources, and present a full algorithm, lending itself to automation, for the discrimination of explosive and earthquake sources of hydroacoustic signals at T -phase stations. The only sources not readily identifiable consist of a handful of complex explosions which occurred in the 1970s, believed to involve the testing of advanced weaponry, and which should be independently identifiable through routine vetting by analysts. While we presently cannot provide a theoretical justification to the observation that only explosive sources generate dispersed T phases, we hint that this probably reflects a simpler, and more coherent distribution of acoustic energy among the various modes constituting the wave train, than in the case of dislocation sources embedded in the solid Earth.
    Keywords: Seismology
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  • 27
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    3-D shear wave velocity model of Mexico and South US: bridging seismic networks with ambient noise cross-correlations (C1) and correlation of coda of correlations (C3) (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-25
    Description: This work presents an innovative strategy to enhance the resolution of surface wave tomography obtained from ambient noise cross-correlation ( C 1 ) by bridging asynchronous seismic networks through the correlation of coda of correlations ( C 3 ). Rayleigh wave group dispersion curves show consistent results between synchronous and asynchronous stations. Rayleigh wave group traveltimes are inverted to construct velocity–period maps with unprecedented resolution for a region covering Mexico and the southern United States. The resulting period maps are then used to regionalize dispersion curves in order to obtain local 1-D shear velocity models ( V S ) of the crust and uppermost mantle in every cell of a grid of 0.4°. The 1-D structures are obtained by iteratively adding layers until reaching a given misfit, and a global tomography model is considered as an input for depths below 150 km. Finally, a high-resolution 3-D V S model is obtained from these inversions. The major structures observed in the 3-D model are in agreement with the tectonic-geodynamic features and with previous regional and local studies. It also offers new insights to understand the present and past tectonic evolution of the region.
    Keywords: Seismology
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  • 28
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    Information and backaction due to phase-contrast-imaging measurements of cold atomic gases: Beyond Gaussian states (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-26
    Description: Author(s): Ebubechukwu O. Ilo-Okeke and Tim Byrnes We further examine a theory of phase contrast imaging (PCI) of cold atomic gases, first introduced by us in Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 , 233602 (2014) . We model the PCI measurement by directly calculating the entangled state between the light and the atoms due to the ac Stark shift, which induces a conditi… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013617] Published Mon Jul 25, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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  • 29
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    Non-linear waveform analysis for water-layer response and its application to high-frequency receiver function analysis using OBS array (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-29
    Description: Determination of a response of the sea water column to teleseismic plane wave is important to suppress adverse effects of water reverberations in calculating receiver functions (RFs) using ocean-bottom seismometer (OBS) records. We present a novel non-linear waveform analysis method using the simulated annealing algorithm to determine such a water-layer response recorded by an OBS array. We then demonstrate its usefulness for the RF estimation through its application to synthetic and observed data. Synthetic experiments suggest that the water-layer response constrained in this way has a potential to improve RFs of OBS records drastically even in the high-frequency range (to 4 Hz). By applying it to data observed by the OBS array around the Kii Peninsula, southwestern Japan, we identified a low-velocity zone at the top of the subducting Philippine Sea plate. This zone may represent the incoming fluid-rich sediment layer that has been reported by active-source seismic survey.
    Keywords: Seismology
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  • 30
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    Decoherence of an impurity in a one-dimensional fermionic bath with mass imbalance (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-29
    Description: Author(s): A.-M. Visuri, J. J. Kinnunen, J. E. Baarsma, and P. Törmä We study the transport, decoherence, and the dissipation of the kinetic energy of a mobile impurity interacting with a bath of free fermions in a one-dimensional lattice. Numerical simulations are made with the time-evolving block decimation method, starting from a state where the impurity and bath … [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013619] Published Thu Jul 28, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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  • 31
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    Generalized Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov description of the Fröhlich polaron (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-30
    Description: Author(s): Ben Kain and Hong Y. Ling We adapt the generalized Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) method to an interacting many-phonon system free of impurities. The many-phonon system is obtained from applying the Lee-Low-Pine (LLP) transformation to the Fröhlich model which describes a mobile impurity coupled to noninteracting phonons. We … [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013621] Published Fri Jul 29, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    Robustness of topologically protected edge states in quantum walk experiments with neutral atoms (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-30
    Description: Author(s): Thorsten Groh, Stefan Brakhane, Wolfgang Alt, Dieter Meschede, Janos K. Asbóth, and Andrea Alberti Robustness of topologically protected edge states in quantum walk experiments is studied with ultracold atoms in optical lattices; it is found that environment-induced decoherence may lead to exponential decay of the edge states into bulk states. [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013620] Published Fri Jul 29, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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  • 33
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    Sensitivities and correlations of nuclear structure observables emerging from chiral interactions (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-30
    Description: Author(s): Angelo Calci and Robert Roth Starting from a set of different two- and three-nucleon interactions from chiral effective field theory, we use the importance-truncated no-core shell model for ab initio calculations of excitation energies as well as electric quadrupole ( E 2 ) and magnetic dipole ( M 1 ) moments and transition strengths… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 014322] Published Fri Jul 29, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 34
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    Diabatic crossing of chiral “twins” in the odd-odd ^{106} Ag nucleus: A theoretical perspective (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-30
    Description: Author(s): Sham S. Malik A systematic study of both the observed positive-parity magnetic rotation band and the negative-parity Δ I = 1 doublet bands in an odd-odd Ag 106 nucleus is carried out. The negative-parity doublet bands depict some unusual features that have not been observed in any isotope in the mass A = 100 region. Fo… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 014324] Published Fri Jul 29, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Magnetic hyperfine structure of the ground-state doublet in highly charged ions ^{229} Th ^{89+,87+} and the Bohr-Weisskopf effect (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-30
    Description: Author(s): E. V. Tkalya and A. V. Nikolaev Background: The search for new opportunities to investigate the low-energy level in the Th 229 nucleus, which is nowadays intensively studied experimentally, has motivated us to theoretical studies of the magnetic hyperfine (MHF) structure of the 5 / 2 + (0.0 eV) ground state and the low-lying 3 / 2 + (7.8… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 014323] Published Fri Jul 29, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 36
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    Effects of long-range hopping and interactions on quantum walks in ordered and disordered lattices (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-02
    Description: Author(s): T. Chattaraj and R. V. Krems We study the effects of long-range hopping and long-range interparticle interactions on the quantum walk of hard-core bosons in ideal and disordered one-dimensional lattices. We find that the range of hopping has a much more significant effect on the particle correlation dynamics than the range of i… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 023601] Published Mon Aug 01, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    Quantum rotor theory of systems of spin-2 bosons (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-03
    Description: Author(s): Matjaž Payrits and Ryan Barnett We consider quantum phases of tightly confined spin-2 bosons in an external field under the presence of rotationally invariant interactions. Generalizing previous treatments, we show how this system can be mapped onto a quantum rotor model. Within the rotor framework, low-energy excitations about fr… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 023605] Published Tue Aug 02, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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  • 38
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    Effect of anisotropic exchange interactions and short-range phenomena on superfluidity in a homogeneous dipolar Fermi gas (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-03
    Description: Author(s): I. Corro and A. M. Martin We develop a simple numerical method that allows us to calculate the BCS superfluid transition temperature T c precisely for any interaction potential. We apply it to a polarized, ultracold Fermi gas with long-range, anisotropic, dipolar interactions and include the effects of anisotropic exchange in… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 023603] Published Tue Aug 02, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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  • 39
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    Spin-orbit interaction in relativistic nuclear structure models (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-04
    Description: Author(s): J.-P. Ebran, A. Mutschler, E. Khan, and D. Vretenar Relativistic self-consistent mean-field (SCMF) models naturally account for the coupling of the nucleon spin to its orbital motion, whereas nonrelativistic SCMF methods necessitate a phenomenological ansatz for the effective spin-orbit potential. Recent experimental studies aim to explore the isospi… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 024304] Published Wed Aug 03, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 40
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    Seismic features and automatic discrimination of deep and shallow induced-microearthquakes using neural network and logistic regression (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-05
    Description: We develop an automated strategy for discriminating deep microseismic events from shallow ones on the basis of the waveforms recorded on a limited number of surface receivers. Machine-learning techniques are employed to explore the relationship between event hypocentres and seismic features of the recorded signals in time, frequency and time–frequency domains. We applied the technique to 440 microearthquakes –1.7 〈  M w  〈 1.29, induced by an underground cavern collapse in the Napoleonville Salt Dome in Bayou Corne, Louisiana. Forty different seismic attributes of whole seismograms including degree of polarization and spectral attributes were measured. A selected set of features was then used to train the system to discriminate between deep and shallow events based on the knowledge gained from existing patterns. The cross-validation test showed that events with depth shallower than 250 m can be discriminated from events with hypocentral depth between 1000 and 2000 m with 88 per cent and 90.7 per cent accuracy using logistic regression and artificial neural network models, respectively. Similar results were obtained using single station seismograms. The results show that the spectral features have the highest correlation to source depth. Spectral centroids and 2-D cross-correlations in the time–frequency domain are two new seismic features used in this study that showed to be promising measures for seismic event classification. The used machine-learning techniques have application for efficient automatic classification of low energy signals recorded at one or more seismic stations.
    Keywords: Seismology
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    Finite frequency effects on apparent S-wave splitting in the D'' layer: comparison between ray theory and full-wave synthetics (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-05
    Description: We conduct a numerical experiment to investigate potential bias in measurements of S -wave splitting (apparent differences between the arrival times of SH and SV phases) for waves propagating close to the core–mantle boundary (CMB) in the D'' layer. The bias is defined as the discrepancy between shear wave splitting measured from finite frequency synthetic seismograms (‘apparent splitting’) and the splitting predicted by ray theory, which is a high-frequency approximation. For simple isotropic models, we find biases which are typically between 0.5 and 4 s, depending on the model, the Q structure and the dominant period of the synthetics. The bias increases for lower frequencies or lower Q values. The epicentral distance at which the bias starts depends on the frequency and the Q structure. We also compute synthetics for models based on mineral physics (using the elastic constants under lower-mantle pressure and temperature conditions, taking into account the phase transition from Mg-perovskite to Mg-post-perovskite) and geodynamics (the thermal boundary layer) and find that the depth of the positive velocity jump associated with the phase transition and the depth range over which the velocity decreases (due to temperature increases) in the thermal boundary layer significantly influence the wavefield in the lowermost mantle. For example, in cold regions beneath subduction zones, wavefields for SH and SV differ greatly due to the steep velocity decrease close to the CMB. For complex models, apparent splitting can also arise from the possibility that low amplitude direct phases might be overlooked, and larger amplitude later phases might instead incorrectly be picked as the direct arrival. Biases of the type investigated in this study combine with other sources of uncertainty for splitting in D'' (e.g. the correction for upper-mantle anisotropy and the difference between SH and SV ray paths) to make a precise evaluation of the anisotropy in D'' difficult.
    Keywords: Seismology
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    Momentum distributions and numerical methods for strongly interacting one-dimensional spinor gases (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-05
    Description: Author(s): F. Deuretzbacher, D. Becker, and L. Santos One-dimensional spinor gases with strong δ interaction fermionize and form a spin chain. The spatial degrees of freedom of this atom chain can be described by a mapping to spinless noninteracting fermions and the spin degrees of freedom are described by a spin-chain model with nearest-neighbor inter… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 023606] Published Thu Aug 04, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    Properties of ^{16} C(6.11 MeV) and its mirror in ^{16} Ne (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-12
    Description: Author(s): H. T. Fortune From previous data for the reaction C 14 ( t , p ) C 16 , I have extracted a width of 32.6(5) keV for the strong state at E x = 6.11 MeV . Here, I examine its likely J π and configuration. The predicted width of its mirror in Ne 16 is estimated to be about 260 keV. [Phys. Rev. C 94, 014305] Published Mon Jul 11, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 44
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    Matter-wave grating distinguishing conservative and dissipative interactions (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-12
    Description: Author(s): Robert P. Cameron, Jörg B. Götte, Stephen M. Barnett, and J. P. Cotter We propose an optical grating for matter waves that separates molecules depending on whether their interaction with the light is conservative or dissipative. Potential applications include fundamental tests of quantum mechanics, measurement of molecular properties, and the ability to selectively pre… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013604] Published Mon Jul 11, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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  • 45
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    Phase separation and dynamics of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-12
    Description: Author(s): Kean Loon Lee, Nils B. Jørgensen, I-Kang Liu, Lars Wacker, Jan J. Arlt, and Nick P. Proukakis The miscibility of two interacting quantum systems is an important testing ground for the understanding of complex quantum systems. Two-component Bose-Einstein condensates enable the investigation of this scenario in a particularly well controlled setting. In a homogeneous system, the transition bet… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013602] Published Mon Jul 11, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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  • 46
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    Multipolarity of the 2^{−} →1^{−} , ground-state transition in ^{210} Bi via multivariable angular correlation analysis (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: Author(s): N. Cieplicka-Oryńczak, B. Szpak, S. Leoni, B. Fornal, D. Bazzacco, A. Blanc, G. Bocchi, S. Bottoni, G. de France, M. Jentschel, U. Köster, P. Mutti, G. Simpson, T. Soldner, C. Ur, and W. Urban The multipolarity of the main transition leading to the ground state in Bi 210 was investigated using the angular correlations of γ rays. The analyzed γ -coincidence data were obtained from the Bi 209 ( n , γ ) Bi 210 experiment performed at Institut Laue-Langevin Grenoble at the PF1B cold-neutron facility. T… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 014311] Published Thu Jul 14, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 47
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    From superdeformation to extreme deformation and clusterization in the N≈Z nuclei of the A≈40 mass region (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: Author(s): D. Ray and A. V. Afanasjev A systematic search for extremely deformed structures in the N ≈ Z nuclei of the A ≈ 40 mass region has been performed for the first time in the framework of covariant density functional theory. At spin zero such structures are located at high excitation energies, which prevents their experimental obser… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 014310] Published Thu Jul 14, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 48
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    Structure of the Los Angeles Basin from ambient noise and receiver functions (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: A velocity ( Vs ) and structure model is derived for the Los Angeles Basin, California based on ambient-noise surface wave and receiver-function analysis, using data from a low-cost, short-duration, dense broad-band survey (LASSIE) deployed across the basin. The shear wave velocities show lateral variations at the Compton-Los Alamitos and the Whittier Faults. The basement beneath the Puente Hills–San Gabriel Valley shows an unusually high velocity (~4.0 km s –1 ) and indicates the presence of schist. The structure of the model shows that the basin is a maximum of 8 km deep along the profile and that the Moho rises to a depth of 17 km under the basin. The basin has a stretch factor of 2.6 in the centre grading to 1.3 at the edges and is in approximate isostatic equilibrium.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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    Critical points of the anyon-Hubbard model (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-20
    Description: Author(s): J. Arcila-Forero, R. Franco, and J. Silva-Valencia Anyons are particles with fractional statistics that exhibit a nontrivial change in the wave function under an exchange of particles. Anyons can be considered to be a general category of particles that interpolate between fermions and bosons. We determined the position of the critical points of the … [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013611] Published Tue Jul 19, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
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    High-spin states in the semimagic nucleus ^{89} Y and neutron-core excitations in the N=50 isotones (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-20
    Description: Author(s): Z. Q. Li (李志泉), S. Y. Wang (王守宇), C. Y. Niu (牛晨阳), B. Qi (亓斌), S. Wang (王硕), D. P. Sun (孙大鹏), C. Liu (刘晨), C. J. Xu (徐长江), L. Liu (刘雷), P. Zhang (张盼), X. G. Wu (吴晓光), G. S. Li (李广生), C. Y. He (贺创业), Y. Zheng (郑云), C. B. Li (李聪博), B. B. Yu (于蓓蓓), S. P. Hu (胡世鹏), S. H. Yao (姚顺和), X. P. Cao (曹雪鹏), and J. L. Wang (汪金龙) The semimagic nucleus Y 89 has been investigated using the Se 82 ( B 11 , 4 n ) reaction at beam energies of 48 and 52 MeV. More than 24 new transitions have been identified, leading to a considerable extension of the level structures of Y 89 . The experimental results are compared with the large-basis shell m… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 014315] Published Tue Jul 19, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Band structure in ^{113} Sn (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-21
    Description: Author(s): P. Banerjee, S. Ganguly, M. K. Pradhan, H. P. Sharma, S. Muralithar, R. P. Singh, and R. K. Bhowmik The structure of collective bands in Sn 113 , populated in the reaction Mo 100 ( F 19 , p 5 n ) at a beam energy of 105 MeV, has been studied. A new positive-parity sequence of eight states extending up to 7764.9 keV and spin ( 39 / 2 + ) has been observed. The band is explained as arising from the coupling of the … [Phys. Rev. C 94, 014316] Published Wed Jul 20, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 52
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    Dynamics and thermalization of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a Sinai-oscillator trap (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-26
    Description: Author(s): Leonardo Ermann, Eduardo Vergini, and Dima L. Shepelyansky We study numerically the evolution of Bose-Einstein condensate in the Sinai-oscillator trap described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation in two dimensions. In the absence of interactions, this trap mimics the properties of Sinai billiards where the classical dynamics is chaotic and the quantum evoluti… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 013618] Published Mon Jul 25, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
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    Evidence for a 3.8 MeV state in ^{9} Be (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-26
    Description: Author(s): R. Smith, C. Wheldon, M. Freer, N. Curtis, Tz. Kokalova, S. Almaraz-Calderon, A. Aprahamian, N. I. Ashwood, M. Barr, B. Bucher, P. Copp, M. Couder, X. Fang, G. Goldring, F. Jung, S. R. Lesher, W. Lu, J. D. Malcolm, A. Roberts, W. P. Tan, and V. A. Ziman The breakup reaction Be 9 ( He 4 , 3 α ) n was measured using an array of four double-sided silicon strip detectors at beam energies of 22 and 26 MeV. Excited states in Be 9 up to 8 MeV were populated and reconstructed through measurements of the charged reaction products. Evidence is given for a state in Be 9 … [Phys. Rev. C 94, 014320] Published Mon Jul 25, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Full moment tensors for small events (Mw 〈 3) at Uturuncu volcano, Bolivia (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-01
    Description: We present a catalogue of full seismic moment tensors for 63 events from Uturuncu volcano in Bolivia. The events were recorded during 2011–2012 in the PLUTONS seismic array of 24 broad-band stations. Most events had magnitudes between 0.5 and 2.0 and did not generate discernible surface waves; the largest event was M w 2.8. For each event we computed the misfit between observed and synthetic waveforms, and we used first-motion polarity measurements to reduce the number of possible solutions. Each moment tensor solution was obtained using a grid search over the 6-D space of moment tensors. For each event, we show the misfit function in eigenvalue space, represented by a lune. We identify three subsets of the catalogue: (1) six isotropic events, (2) five tensional crack events, and (3) a swarm of 14 events southeast of the volcanic centre that appear to be double couples. The occurrence of positively isotropic events is consistent with other published results from volcanic and geothermal regions. Several of these previous results, as well as our results, cannot be interpreted within the context of either an oblique opening crack or a crack-plus-double-couple model. Proper characterization of uncertainties for full moment tensors is critical for distinguishing among physical models of source processes.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
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    Topics: Geosciences
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    Theory of the vortex-clustering transition in a confined two-dimensional quantum fluid (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-02
    Description: Author(s): Xiaoquan Yu, Thomas P. Billam, Jun Nian, Matthew T. Reeves, and Ashton S. Bradley Clustering of like-sign vortices in a planar bounded domain is known to occur at negative temperature, a phenomenon that Onsager demonstrated to be a consequence of bounded phase space. In a confined superfluid, quantized vortices can support such an ordered phase, provided they evolve as an almost … [Phys. Rev. A 94, 023602] Published Mon Aug 01, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    β decay of semi-magic ^{130} Cd: Revision and extension of the level scheme of ^{130} In (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-02
    Description: Author(s): A. Jungclaus et al. The β decay of the semi-magic nucleus Cd 130 has been studied at the RIBF facility at the RIKEN Nishina Center. The high statistics of the present experiment allowed for a revision of the established level scheme of In 130 and the observation of additional β feeding to high-lying core-excited states i… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 024303] Published Mon Aug 01, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Evolution of octupole correlations in ^{123} Ba (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-02
    Description: Author(s): X. C. Chen et al. High-spin states of Ba 123 have been studied via the Cd 108 ( F 19 , 3 n p ) Ba 123 fusion-evaporation reaction at a beam energy of 90 MeV. Several E 1 transitions linking the positive-parity ν ( d 5 / 2 + g 7 / 2 ) band and negative-parity ν h 11 / 2 band are observed in Ba 123 for the first time. Evidence for the existence of… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 021301(R)] Published Mon Aug 01, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Global correlations between electromagnetic and spectroscopic properties of collective 2_{1}^{+} and 2_{2}^{+} states (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-02
    Description: Author(s): Z. Z. Qin (覃珍珍), Y. Lei (雷杨), and S. Pittel By using the general triaxial rotor model (TRM) and the phonon-configuration mixing scheme within an anharmonic-vibrator (AHV) framework, a series of global correlations between electromagnetic properties of nuclear 2 1 + and 2 2 + states are analytically established. The correlations from both models c… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 024301] Published Mon Aug 01, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Probing resonances in deformed nuclei by using the complex-scaled Green's function method (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-02
    Description: Author(s): Xin-Xing Shi, Min Shi, Zhong-Ming Niu, Tai-Hua Heng, and Jian-You Guo Resonance plays a key role in the formation of many physical phenomena. The complex-scaled Green's function method provides a powerful tool for exploring resonance. In this paper, we combine this method with the theory describing deformed nuclei with the formalism presented. Taking S 45 as an example… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 024302] Published Mon Aug 01, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Effective finite-difference modelling methods with 2-D acoustic wave equation using a combination of cross and rhombus stencils (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-02
    Description: The 2-D acoustic wave equation is commonly solved numerically by finite-difference (FD) methods in which the accuracy of solution is significantly affected by the FD stencils. The commonly used cross stencil can reach either only second-order accuracy for space domain dispersion-relation-based FD method or (2 M )th-order accuracy along eight specific propagation directions for time–space domain dispersion-relation-based FD method, if the conventional (2 M )th-order spatial FD and second-order temporal FD are used to discretize the equation. One other newly developed rhombus stencil can reach arbitrary even-order accuracy. However, this stencil adds significantly to computational cost when the operator length is large. To achieve a balance between the solution accuracy and efficiency, we develop a new FD stencil to solve the 2-D acoustic wave equation. This stencil is a combination of the cross stencil and rhombus stencil. A cross stencil with an operator length parameter M is used to approximate the spatial partial derivatives while a rhombus stencil with an operator length parameter N together with the conventional second-order temporal FD is employed in approximating the temporal partial derivatives. Using this stencil, a new FD scheme is developed; we demonstrate that this scheme can reach (2 M )th-order accuracy in space and (2 N )th-order accuracy in time when spatial FD coefficients and temporal FD coefficients are derived from respective dispersion relation using Taylor-series expansion (TE) method. To further increase the accuracy, we derive the FD coefficients by employing the time–space domain dispersion relation of this FD scheme using TE. We also use least-squares (LS) optimization method to reduce dispersion at high wavenumbers. Dispersion analysis, stability analysis and modelling examples demonstrate that our new scheme has greater accuracy and better stability than conventional FD schemes, and thus can adopt large time steps. To reduce the extra computational cost resulting from adopting the new stencil, we apply the variable spatial operator length schemes. Adopting our new FD scheme, characterized by new stencil, LS-based optimization, variable operator lengths and larger time step, modelling efficiency is significantly improved.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
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    Topics: Geosciences
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    Ballistic quench-induced correlation waves in ultracold gases (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-03
    Description: Author(s): John P. Corson and John L. Bohn We investigate the wave-packet dynamics of a pair of particles that undergoes a rapid change of scattering length. The short-range interactions are modeled in the zero-range limit, where the quench is accomplished by switching the boundary condition of the wave function at vanishing particle separat… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 023604] Published Tue Aug 02, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    Disappearance of quasiparticles in a Bose lattice gas (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-04
    Description: Author(s): David Chen, Carolyn Meldgin, Philip Russ, Brian DeMarco, and Erich Mueller We use a momentum-space hole-burning technique implemented via stimulated Raman transitions to measure the momentum relaxation time for a gas of bosonic atoms trapped in an optical lattice. By changing the lattice potential depth, we observe a smooth crossover between relaxation times larger and sma… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 021601(R)] Published Wed Aug 03, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    Nucleon-pair states of even-even N=82 isotones (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-05
    Description: Author(s): Y. Y. Cheng, Y. M. Zhao, and A. Arima In this paper we study low-lying states of five N = 82 isotones, Te 134 ,   Xe 136 ,   Ba 138 ,   Ce 140 and Nd 142 , within the framework of the nucleon-pair approximation (NPA). For the low-lying yrast states of Xe 136 and Ba 138 , we calculate the overlaps between the wave functions obtained in the full shell-model … [Phys. Rev. C 94, 024307] Published Thu Aug 04, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    No-core configuration-interaction model for the isospin- and angular-momentum-projected states (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-05
    Description: Author(s): W. Satuła, P. Bączyk, J. Dobaczewski, and M. Konieczka Background: Single-reference density functional theory is very successful in reproducing bulk nuclear properties like binding energies, radii, or quadrupole moments throughout the entire periodic table. Its extension to the multireference level allows for restoring symmetries and, in turn, for calcu… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 024306] Published Thu Aug 04, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Sudden-quench dynamics of Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer states in deep optical lattices (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-06
    Description: Author(s): Marlon Nuske, L. Mathey, and Eite Tiesinga We determine the exact dynamics of an initial Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) state of ultracold atoms in a deep hexagonal optical lattice. The dynamical evolution is triggered by a quench of the lattice potential such that the interaction strength U f is much larger than the hopping amplitude J f . Th… [Phys. Rev. A 94, 023607] Published Fri Aug 05, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    β-decay study of ^{94} Kr (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-06
    Description: Author(s): K. Miernik, K. P. Rykaczewski, R. Grzywacz, C. J. Gross, M. Madurga, D. Miller, D. W. Stracener, J. C. Batchelder, N. T. Brewer, L. Cartegni, A. Fijałkowska, M. Karny, A. Korgul, W. Królas, C. Mazzocchi, A. J. Mendez II, S. W. Padgett, S. V. Paulauskas, J. A. Winger, M. Wolińska-Cichocka, and E. F. Zganjar β decay of neutron-rich nuclide Kr 94 was reinvestigated by means of a high resolution on-line mass separator and β − γ spectroscopy. In total 22 γ -ray transitions were assigned to the decay of Kr 94 , and a new isomeric state was identified. The new information allows us to build detailed levels systema… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 024305] Published Fri Aug 05, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Fine structure of the isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance in ^{28} Si and ^{27} Al (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-06
    Description: Author(s): I. T. Usman, Z. Buthelezi, J. Carter, G. R. J. Cooper, R. W. Fearick, S. V. Förtsch, H. Fujita, Y. Fujita, P. von Neumann-Cosel, R. Neveling, P. Papakonstantinou, I. Pysmenetska, A. Richter, R. Roth, E. Sideras-Haddad, and F. D. Smit The isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance in Si 28 and Al 27 has been investigated with high-energy-resolution proton inelastic scattering at E p = 200 MeV and at scattering angles close to the maximum of Δ L = 2 angular distributions with the K600 magnetic spectrometer of iThemba LABS, South Africa. Characte… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 024308] Published Fri Aug 05, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Ground state phase transition in the Nilsson mean-field plus standard pairing model (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-06
    Description: Author(s): Xin Guan, Haocheng Xu, Yu Zhang, Feng Pan, and Jerry P. Draayer The ground state phase transition in Nd, Sm, and Gd isotopes is investigated by using the Nilsson mean-field plus standard pairing model based on the exact solutions obtained from the extended Heine-Stieltjes correspondence. The results of the model calculations successfully reproduce the critical p… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 024309] Published Fri Aug 05, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 69
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    Characteristics of collectivity along the yrast line in even-even tungsten isotopes (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-06
    Description: Author(s): Qiong Yang, Hua-Lei Wang, Min-Liang Liu, and Fu-Rong Xu The collective nature of high-spin yrast states in even-even W 160 − 190 isotopes was systematically investigated by means of pairing self-consistent Woods-Saxon-Strutinsky calculations using the total Routhian surface approach in ( β 2 , γ , β 4 ) deformation space. The calculated ground-state deformations ar… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 024310] Published Fri Aug 05, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Shape coexistence in ^{153} Ho (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-06
    Description: Author(s): Dibyadyuti Pramanik, S. Sarkar, M. Saha Sarkar, Abhijit Bisoi, Sudatta Ray, Shinjinee Dasgupta, A. Chakraborty, Krishichayan, Ritesh Kshetri, Indrani Ray, S. Ganguly, M. K. Pradhan, M. Ray Basu, R. Raut, G. Ganguly, S. S. Ghugre, A. K. Sinha, S. K. Basu, S. Bhattacharya, A. Mukherjee, P. Banerjee, and A. Goswami The high-spin states in Ho 153 have been studied by the La 57 139 ( Ne 20 , 6 n ) reaction at a projectile energy of 139 MeV at the Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC), Kolkata, India, utilizing an earlier campaign of the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA) setup. Data from γ − γ coincidence, directional cor… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 024311] Published Fri Aug 05, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Ab initio nuclear many-body perturbation calculations in the Hartree-Fock basis (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-07
    Description: Author(s): B. S. Hu (胡柏山), F. R. Xu (许甫荣), Z. H. Sun (孙中浩), J. P. Vary, and T. Li (李通) Starting from realistic nuclear forces, the chiral N 3 LO and JISP16, we have applied many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) to the structure of closed-shell nuclei, He 4 and O 16 . The two-body N 3 LO interaction is softened by a similarity renormalization group transformation while JISP16 is adopted withou… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 014303] Published Wed Jul 06, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Large-scale deformed quasiparticle random-phase approximation calculations of the γ-ray strength function using the Gogny force (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-07
    Description: Author(s): M. Martini, S. Péru, S. Hilaire, S. Goriely, and F. Lechaftois Valuable theoretical predictions of nuclear dipole excitations in the whole chart are of great interest for different nuclear applications, including in particular nuclear astrophysics. Here we present large-scale calculations of the E 1 γ -ray strength function obtained in the framework of the axially… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 014304] Published Wed Jul 06, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Improved inversion algorithms for near-surface characterization (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-08
    Description: Near-surface geophysical imaging is often performed by generating surface waves, and estimating the subsurface properties through inversion, that is, iteratively matching experimentally observed dispersion curves with predicted curves from a layered half-space model of the subsurface. Key to the effectiveness of inversion is the efficiency and accuracy of computing the dispersion curves and their derivatives. This paper presents improved methodologies for both dispersion curve and derivative computation. First, it is shown that the dispersion curves can be computed more efficiently by combining an unconventional complex-length finite element method (CFEM) to model the finite depth layers, with perfectly matched discrete layers (PMDL) to model the unbounded half-space. Second, based on analytical derivatives for theoretical dispersion curves, an approximate derivative is derived for the so-called effective dispersion curve for realistic geophysical surface response data. The new derivative computation has a smoothing effect on the computation of derivatives, in comparison with traditional finite difference (FD) approach, and results in faster convergence. In addition, while the computational cost of FD differentiation is proportional to the number of model parameters, the new differentiation formula has a computational cost that is almost independent of the number of model parameters. At the end, as confirmed by synthetic and real-life imaging examples, the combination of CFEM + PMDL for dispersion calculation and the new differentiation formula results in more accurate estimates of the subsurface characteristics than the traditional methods, at a small fraction of computational effort.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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    Aftershock seismicity and tectonic setting of the 2015 September 16 Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake, Central Chile (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-08
    Description: Powerful subduction zone earthquakes rupture thousands of square kilometres along continental margins but at certain locations earthquake rupture terminates. To date, detailed knowledge of the parameters that govern seismic rupture and aftershocks is still incomplete. On 2015 September 16, the M w 8.3 Illapel earthquake ruptured a 200 km long stretch of the Central Chilean subduction zone, triggering a tsunami and causing significant damage. Here, we analyse the temporal and spatial pattern of the coseismic rupture and aftershocks in relation to the tectonic setting in the earthquake area. Aftershocks cluster around the area of maximum coseismic slip, in particular in lateral and downdip direction. During the first 24 hr after the main shock, aftershocks migrated in both lateral directions with velocities of approximately 2.5 and 5 km hr –1 . At the southern rupture boundary, aftershocks cluster around individual subducted seamounts that are related to the downthrusting Juan Fernández Ridge. In the northern part of the rupture area, aftershocks separate into an upper cluster (above 25 km depth) and a lower cluster (below 35 km depth). This dual seismic–aseismic transition in downdip direction is also observed in the interseismic period suggesting that it may represent a persistent feature for the Central Chilean subduction zone.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
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    [Book Review] Aftershocks (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-08
    Description: Traditionally, when scientists discuss earthquakes, we talk about geology and seismology, infrastructure and engineering, as well as management strategies for minimizing human and material losses. Nevertheless, the study of an earthquake's effect on the social and cultural elements of a community can help us understand how different societies have evolved and adapted over time and how cities have built up their relative capacity to withstand future large seismic events. In fact, as Andrew Robinson describes in his new book, Earth-Shattering Events, the effects of an earthquake can reverberate throughout a society's identity. In some cases, they have played a catalyzing role in the evolution of urban and architectural style and have irrevocably altered the communities in question. Author: Sebastiano D'Amico
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    [Editors' Choice] Carboxylating stubborn alkyl chlorides (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-08
    Description: Author: Phil Szuromi
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    [This Week in Science] Olefins enlisted to attack ketones (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-08
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Hidden-symmetry-protected quantum pseudo–spin Hall effect in optical lattices (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-21
    Description: Author(s): Jing-Min Hou and Wei Chen We propose a scheme to realize a Z 2 topological insulator in a square optical lattice. Different from the conventional topological insulator protected by the time-reversal symmetry, here the optical lattice possesses a hidden symmetry, which is responsible for the present Z 2 topological order. With … [Phys. Rev. A 93, 063626] Published Mon Jun 20, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
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    Properties of the single-site reduced density matrix in the Bose-Bose resonance model in the ground state and in quantum quenches (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-21
    Description: Author(s): F. Dorfner and F. Heidrich-Meisner We study properties of the single-site reduced density matrix in the Bose-Bose resonance model as a function of system parameters. This model describes a single-component Bose gas with a resonant coupling to a diatomic molecular state, here defined on a lattice. A main goal is to demonstrate that th… [Phys. Rev. A 93, 063624] Published Mon Jun 20, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
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    Spin-1 quantum walks (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-21
    Description: Author(s): Daichi Morita, Toshihiro Kubo, Yasuhiro Tokura, and Makoto Yamashita We study the quantum walks of two interacting spin-1 bosons. We derive an exact solution for the time-dependent wave function, which describes the two-particle dynamics governed by the one-dimensional spin-1 Bose-Hubbard model. We show that propagation dynamics in real space and mixing dynamics in s… [Phys. Rev. A 93, 063625] Published Mon Jun 20, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
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    Proposed s=±1 octupole bands in ^{140} Xe (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-21
    Description: Author(s): Y. Huang (黄彦), S. J. Zhu (朱胜江), J. H. Hamilton, E. H. Wang, A. V. Ramayya, Z. G. Xiao (肖志刚), H. J. Li (李红洁), Y. X. Luo, J. O. Rasmussen, G. M. Ter-Akopian, and Yu. Ts. Oganessian Level structures of neutron-rich Xe 140 nucleus have been reinvestigated by using a triple γ coincidence study from the spontaneous fission of Cf 252 . Several new levels and transitions are identified. The previously observed s = + 1 octupole band structure is confirmed and expanded. Another set of the Δ … [Phys. Rev. C 93, 064321] Published Mon Jun 20, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
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    Three-body model for an isoscalar spin-triplet neutron-proton pair in ^{102} Sb (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-21
    Description: Author(s): Yusuke Tanimura and Hiroyuki Sagawa We discuss the effect of a neutron-proton pair in the T = 0 , S = 1 channel in the low-lying states of the Sb 102 = Sn 100 + p + n nucleus. To this end, we construct a core + p + n three-body model with a model space based on Skyrme and relativistic mean-field calculations. The latter model is found to be more realis… [Phys. Rev. C 93, 064319] Published Mon Jun 20, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
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    β-delayed γ decay of ^{26} P: Possible evidence of a proton halo (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-21
    Description: Author(s): D. Pérez-Loureiro et al. Background: Measurements of β decay provide important nuclear structure information that can be used to probe isospin asymmetries and inform nuclear astrophysics studies. Purpose: To measure the β -delayed γ decay of P 26 and compare the results with previous experimental results and shell-model calcu… [Phys. Rev. C 93, 064320] Published Mon Jun 20, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
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    Three proton hole structure in ^{106} Ag (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-21
    Description: Author(s): B. Das, N. Rather, S. Chattopadhyay, S. Rajbanshi, A. Goswami, P. Datta, S. Roy, R. Palit, S. Pal, S. Saha, J. Sethi, S. Biswas, P. Singh, and H. C. Jain The negative parity non-yrast band of Ag 106 has been studied to investigate the falling trend in magnetic dipole transition rates. In this context, the level lifetimes of the excited levels of this band have been measured using the Doppler shift attenuation method. The comparison of the experimental… [Phys. Rev. C 93, 064322] Published Mon Jun 20, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Full waveform inversion with an auxiliary bump functional (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-22
    Description: Least-squares inversion of seismic arrivals can provide remarkably detailed models of the Earth's subsurface. However, cycle skipping associated with these oscillatory arrivals is the main cause for local minima in the least-squares objective function. Therefore, it is often difficult for descent methods to converge to the solution without an accurate initial large-scale velocity estimate. The low frequencies in the arrivals, needed to update the large-scale components in the velocity model, are usually unreliable or absent. To overcome this difficulty, we propose a multi-objective inversion scheme that uses the conventional least-squares functional along with an auxiliary data-domain objective. As the auxiliary objective effectively replaces the seismic arrivals by bumps, we call it the bump functional. The bump functional minimization can be made far less sensitive to cycle skipping and can deal with multiple arrivals in the data. However, it can only be used as an auxiliary objective since it usually does not provide a unique model after minimization even when the regularized-least-squares functional has a unique global minimum and hence a unique solution. The role of the bump functional during the multi-objective inversion is to guide the optimization towards the global minimum by pulling the trapped solution out of the local minima associated with the least-squares functional whenever necessary. The computational complexity of the bump functional is equivalent to that of the least-squares functional. In this paper, we describe various characteristics of the bump functional using simple and illustrative numerical examples. We also demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed multi-objective inversion scheme by considering more realistic examples. These include synthetic and field data from a cross-well experiment, surface-seismic synthetic data with reflections and synthetic data with refracted arrivals at long offsets.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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    Ground-state properties of hard-core anyons in a harmonic potential (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-22
    Description: Author(s): Yajiang Hao Using an anyon-fermion mapping method, we investigate the ground-state properties of hard-core anyons confined in a one-dimensional harmonic trap. The concise analytical formula of the reduced one-body density matrix is obtained. Based on this formula, we evaluated the momentum distribution, the nat… [Phys. Rev. A 93, 063627] Published Tue Jun 21, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
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    Bragg interferometer for gravity gradient measurements (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-24
    Description: Author(s): G. D'Amico, F. Borselli, L. Cacciapuoti, M. Prevedelli, G. Rosi, F. Sorrentino, and G. M. Tino We report on the characterization of a dual cloud atom interferometer for gravity gradient measurements using third-order Bragg diffraction as atom optical elements. We study the dependence of the contrast and the gradiometer phase angle against the relevant experimental parameters and characterize … [Phys. Rev. A 93, 063628] Published Wed Jun 22, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
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    β and β−n decay of the neutron-rich ^{84} Ge nucleus (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-29
    Description: Author(s): A. Korgul, K. P. Rykaczewski, R. K. Grzywacz, C. R. Bingham, N. T. Brewer, C. J. Gross, A. A. Ciemny, C. Jost, M. Karny, M. Madurga, C. Mazzocchi, A. J. Mendez, II, K. Miernik, D. Miller, S. Padgett, S. V. Paulauskas, M. Piersa, D. W. Stracener, M. Stryjczyk, M. Wolińska-Cichocka, and E. F. Zganjar The β -decay properties of the very neutron-rich Ge 84 nucleus were studied at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Several new γ -transitions and levels were added to its decay scheme and the order of the two lowest-lying levels in the daughter As 84 was correct… [Phys. Rev. C 93, 064324] Published Tue Jun 28, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Fermi polaron in a one-dimensional quasiperiodic optical lattice: The simplest many-body localization challenge (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-04
    Description: Author(s): Hui Hu, An-Bang Wang, Su Yi, and Xia-Ji Liu We theoretically investigate the behavior of a moving impurity immersed in a sea of fermionic atoms that are confined in a quasiperiodic (bichromatic) optical lattice within a standard variational approach. We consider both repulsive and attractive contact interactions for such a simple many-body lo… [Phys. Rev. A 93, 053601] Published Mon May 02, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    Structure of low-lying states in ^{140} Sm studied by Coulomb excitation (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-04
    Description: Author(s): M. Klintefjord et al. The electromagnetic structure of Sm 140 was studied in a low-energy Coulomb excitation experiment with a radioactive ion beam from the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN. The 2 + and 4 + states of the ground-state band and a second 2 + state were populated by multistep excitation. The analysis of the different… [Phys. Rev. C 93, 054303] Published Mon May 02, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Solving probabilistic inverse problems rapidly with prior samples (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-05
    Description: Owing to the increasing availability of computational resources, in recent years the probabilistic solution of non-linear, geophysical inverse problems by means of sampling methods has become increasingly feasible. Nevertheless, we still face situations in which a Monte Carlo approach is not practical. This is particularly true in cases where the evaluation of the forward problem is computationally intensive or where inversions have to be carried out repeatedly or in a timely manner, as in natural hazards monitoring tasks such as earthquake early warning. Here, we present an alternative to Monte Carlo sampling, in which inferences are entirely based on a set of prior samples—that is, samples that have been obtained independent of a particular observed datum. This has the advantage that the computationally expensive sampling stage becomes separated from the inversion stage, and the set of prior samples—once obtained—can be reused for repeated evaluations of the inverse mapping without additional computational effort. This property is useful if the problem is such that repeated inversions of independent data have to be carried out. We formulate the inverse problem in a Bayesian framework and present a practical way to make posterior inferences based on a set of prior samples. We compare the prior sampling based approach to a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach that samples from the posterior probability distribution. We show results for both a toy example, and a realistic seismological source parameter estimation problem. We find that the posterior uncertainty estimates obtained based on prior sampling can be considered conservative estimates of the uncertainties obtained by directly sampling from the posterior distribution.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
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    The mantle transition zone beneath the Afar Depression and adjacent regions: implications for mantle plumes and hydration (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-05
    Description: The Afar Depression and its adjacent areas are underlain by an upper mantle marked by some of the world's largest negative velocity anomalies, which are frequently attributed to the thermal influences of a lower-mantle plume. In spite of numerous studies, however, the existence of a plume beneath the area remains enigmatic, partially due to inadequate quantities of broad-band seismic data and the limited vertical resolution at the mantle transition zone (MTZ) depth of the techniques employed by previous investigations. In this study, we use an unprecedented quantity (over 14 500) of P -to- S receiver functions (RFs) recorded by 139 stations from 12 networks to image the 410 and 660 km discontinuities and map the spatial variation of the thickness of the MTZ. Non-linear stacking of the RFs under a 1-D velocity model shows robust P -to- S conversions from both discontinuities, and their apparent depths indicate the presence of an upper-mantle low-velocity zone beneath the entire study area. The Afar Depression and the northern Main Ethiopian Rift are characterized by an apparent 40–60 km depression of both MTZ discontinuities and a normal MTZ thickness. The simplest and most probable interpretation of these observations is that the apparent depressions are solely caused by velocity perturbations in the upper mantle and not by deeper processes causing temperature or hydration anomalies within the MTZ. Thickening of the MTZ on the order of 15 km beneath the southern Arabian Plate, southern Red Sea and western Gulf of Aden, which comprise the southward extension of the Afro-Arabian Dome, could reflect long-term hydration of the MTZ. A 20 km thinning of the MTZ beneath the western Ethiopian Plateau is observed and interpreted as evidence for a possible mantle plume stem originating from the lower mantle.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
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    Topics: Geosciences
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    Quantification of source uncertainties in Seismic Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis (SPTHA) (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-05
    Description: We propose a procedure for uncertainty quantification in Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis (PTHA), with a special emphasis on the uncertainty related to statistical modelling of the earthquake source in Seismic PTHA (SPTHA), and on the separate treatment of subduction and crustal earthquakes (treated as background seismicity). An event tree approach and ensemble modelling are used in spite of more classical approaches, such as the hazard integral and the logic tree. This procedure consists of four steps: (1) exploration of aleatory uncertainty through an event tree, with alternative implementations for exploring epistemic uncertainty; (2) numerical computation of tsunami generation and propagation up to a given offshore isobath; (3) (optional) site-specific quantification of inundation; (4) simultaneous quantification of aleatory and epistemic uncertainty through ensemble modelling. The proposed procedure is general and independent of the kind of tsunami source considered; however, we implement step 1, the event tree, specifically for SPTHA, focusing on seismic source uncertainty. To exemplify the procedure, we develop a case study considering seismic sources in the Ionian Sea (central-eastern Mediterranean Sea), using the coasts of Southern Italy as a target zone. The results show that an efficient and complete quantification of all the uncertainties is feasible even when treating a large number of potential sources and a large set of alternative model formulations. We also find that (i) treating separately subduction and background (crustal) earthquakes allows for optimal use of available information and for avoiding significant biases; (ii) both subduction interface and crustal faults contribute to the SPTHA, with different proportions that depend on source-target position and tsunami intensity; (iii) the proposed framework allows sensitivity and deaggregation analyses, demonstrating the applicability of the method for operational assessments.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
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    Topics: Geosciences
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    Receiver functions using OBS data: promises and limitations from numerical modelling and examples from the Cascadia Initiative (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-05
    Description: The expanding fleet of broad-band ocean-bottom seismograph (OBS) stations is facilitating the study of the structure and seismicity of oceanic plates at regional scales. For continental studies, an important tool to characterize continental crust and mantle structure is the analysis of teleseismic P receiver functions. In the oceans, however, receiver functions potentially suffer from several limiting factors that are unique to ocean sites and plate structures. In this study, we model receiver functions for a variety of oceanic lithospheric structures to investigate the possibilities and limitations of receiver functions using OBS data. Several potentially contaminating effects are examined, including pressure reverberations from the water column for various ocean-floor depths and the effects of a layer of low-velocity marine sediments. These modelling results indicate that receiver functions from OBS data are difficult to interpret in the presence of marine sediments, but shallow-water sites in subduction zone forearcs may be suitable for constraining various crustal elements around the locked megathrust fault. We propose using a complementary approach based on transfer function modelling combined with a grid search approach that bypasses receiver functions altogether and estimates model properties directly from minimally processed waveforms. Using real data examples from the Cascadia Initiative, we show how receiver and transfer functions can be used to infer seismic properties of the oceanic plate in both shallow (Cascadia forearc) and deep (Juan de Fuca Ridge) ocean settings.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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    Spin Hall effect in a spinor dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-05-06
    Description: Author(s): T. Oshima and Y. Kawaguchi We theoretically show that the spin Hall effect arises in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of neutral atoms interacting via the magnetic dipole-dipole interactions (MDDIs). Since the MDDI couples the total spin angular momentum and the relative orbital angular momentum of two colliding atoms, it wor… [Phys. Rev. A 93, 053605] Published Thu May 05, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    Sagnac interferometry with coherent vortex superposition states in exciton-polariton condensates (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-05-05
    Description: Author(s): Frederick Ira Moxley, III, Jonathan P. Dowling, Weizhong Dai, and Tim Byrnes We investigate prospects of using counter-rotating vortex superposition states in nonequilibrium exciton-polariton Bose-Einstein condensates for the purposes of Sagnac interferometry. We first investigate the stability of vortex-antivortex superposition states, and show that they survive at steady s… [Phys. Rev. A 93, 053603] Published Wed May 04, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    Numerical study of the unitary Fermi gas across the superfluid transition (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-05-05
    Description: Author(s): Olga Goulko and Matthew Wingate We present results from Monte Carlo calculations investigating the properties of the homogeneous, spin-balanced unitary Fermi gas in three dimensions. The temperature is varied across the superfluid transition allowing us to determine the temperature dependence of the chemical potential, the energy … [Phys. Rev. A 93, 053604] Published Wed May 04, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
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    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 98
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    Investigation of ^{10} Be and its cluster dynamics with the nonlocalized clustering approach (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-06
    Description: Author(s): Mengjiao Lyu, Zhongzhou Ren, Bo Zhou, Yasuro Funaki, Hisashi Horiuchi, Gerd Röpke, Peter Schuck, Akihiro Tohsaki, Chang Xu, and Taiichi Yamada We extend the concept of nonlocalized clustering to the nucleus Be 10 with proton number Z = 4 and neutron number N = 6   ( N = Z + 2 ) . The Tohsaki-Horiuchi-Schuck-Röpke (THSR) wave function is formulated for the description of different structures of Be 10 . Physical properties such as energy spectrum and root-m… [Phys. Rev. C 93, 054308] Published Thu May 05, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 99
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    Thermal neutron radiative cross sections for ^{6,7} Li, ^{9} Be, ^{10,11} B, ^{12,13} C, and ^{14,15} N (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-05-05
    Description: Author(s): R. B. Firestone and Zs. Revay Total thermal radiative neutron cross sections have been measured on natural and enriched isotopic targets containing Li 6 , 7 , Be 9 , B 10 , 11 , C 12 , 13 , and N 14 , 15 with neutron beams from the Budapest Reactor. Complete neutron capture γ -ray decay schemes were measured for each isotope. Absolute transition pro… [Phys. Rev. C 93, 054306] Published Wed May 04, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 100
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    Realizing exactly solvable SU(N) magnets with thermal atoms (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-05-07
    Description: Author(s): Michael E. Beverland, Gorjan Alagic, Michael J. Martin, Andrew P. Koller, Ana M. Rey, and Alexey V. Gorshkov We show that n thermal fermionic alkaline-earth-metal atoms in a flat-bottom trap allow one to robustly implement a spin model displaying two symmetries: the S n symmetry that permutes atoms occupying different vibrational levels of the trap and the SU ( N ) symmetry associated with N nuclear spin state… [Phys. Rev. A 93, 051601(R)] Published Fri May 06, 2016
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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